Information Economics Cost-Benefit Analysis
on Automatic Billing System Implementation
at Ogan Central Electronic
Authors:
Trisnadi Wijaya
Rika Kharlina Ekawati
Published at:
2014 International Conference on Economic and Information System Management Proceedings
ISBN : 978-602-71513-0-7
Proceedings URL : http://eprints.mdp.ac.id/1180/
The document discusses an information economics framework for assessing IT investment projects. It presents the case of BEAM Parcels, a delivery company evaluating three projects: 1) Automated Rating, Coding, and Billing (ARCB) which would automate manual rating and coding processes to reduce labor costs, 2) a Driver Pay System to automate payroll, and 3) a Pharmacy Shipment Automation project. It provides details of the ARCB project, including objectives to realize labor savings, preliminary benefits of $125,000 in reduced labor costs, development costs of $170,400, and ongoing maintenance costs of $20,912 annually.
Ringkasan dokumen tersebut adalah:
(1) Dokumen tersebut membahas posisi strategis PT Nyonya Meneer dalam industri jamu Indonesia dan faktor-faktor kunci keberhasilannya;
(2) Analisis SWOT menunjukkan peluang dan ancaman yang dihadapi perusahaan, termasuk persaingan yang ketat dari produsen lain;
(3) Kunci keberhasilan PT Nyonya Meneer tergantung pada inovasi produk, penggunaan teknologi
Challenges in the Internet of Things – Standards and SecurityPECB
The webinar will cover Internet of Things, outline the various types of IoT devices and environments, cover some examples of IoT based cyberattacks, and cover the various current standards and frameworks available to help guide security in this space.
Main points covered:
• Definition of IoT
• Sample use cases for IoT
• Risks around IoT
• Standards/frameworks for IoT
• Security options for IoT
Presenter:
Our presenter for this webinar is Anthony English, who has worked in IT and Information Security for more than 25 years and in the healthcare, law enforcement, IT consulting, lottery and gaming and education sectors. From managing a global information security program to implementing structured 27001 and 27032 programs, he has covered the broad range of applied security.
Link to the recorded webinar:
The document summarizes Elaine Raybourn's presentation on transmedia learning and learning in the wild. Some key points:
- Raybourn discusses using transmedia storytelling to create immersive learning experiences that engage learners across multiple platforms.
- She argues that most learning takes place outside the classroom, in everyday life, and should leverage connected, social, and ubiquitous environments.
- Raybourn's research focuses on guiding learner interactions in open-ended environments to improve performance through curiosity and emergent outcomes.
The document provides an overview of health informatics by:
1. Defining key terms like informatics, biomedical informatics, health informatics, and discussing the relationships between related fields.
2. Explaining the data-information-knowledge-wisdom hierarchy and providing examples.
3. Describing health informatics as the optimal use of information, aided by technology, to improve health, healthcare, research, and more.
This document provides an overview of handheld medical applications and how to ensure compliance with HIPAA regulations when using such applications. It discusses the major operating systems for handheld devices and applications available for each. Examples of applications include e-book readers, medical calculators, drug references and clinical resources. The document also outlines steps to take to secure patient information on handheld devices in accordance with HIPAA and identifies several free and commercial applications and resources available through the library.
The document discusses an information economics framework for assessing IT investment projects. It presents the case of BEAM Parcels, a delivery company evaluating three projects: 1) Automated Rating, Coding, and Billing (ARCB) which would automate manual rating and coding processes to reduce labor costs, 2) a Driver Pay System to automate payroll, and 3) a Pharmacy Shipment Automation project. It provides details of the ARCB project, including objectives to realize labor savings, preliminary benefits of $125,000 in reduced labor costs, development costs of $170,400, and ongoing maintenance costs of $20,912 annually.
Ringkasan dokumen tersebut adalah:
(1) Dokumen tersebut membahas posisi strategis PT Nyonya Meneer dalam industri jamu Indonesia dan faktor-faktor kunci keberhasilannya;
(2) Analisis SWOT menunjukkan peluang dan ancaman yang dihadapi perusahaan, termasuk persaingan yang ketat dari produsen lain;
(3) Kunci keberhasilan PT Nyonya Meneer tergantung pada inovasi produk, penggunaan teknologi
Challenges in the Internet of Things – Standards and SecurityPECB
The webinar will cover Internet of Things, outline the various types of IoT devices and environments, cover some examples of IoT based cyberattacks, and cover the various current standards and frameworks available to help guide security in this space.
Main points covered:
• Definition of IoT
• Sample use cases for IoT
• Risks around IoT
• Standards/frameworks for IoT
• Security options for IoT
Presenter:
Our presenter for this webinar is Anthony English, who has worked in IT and Information Security for more than 25 years and in the healthcare, law enforcement, IT consulting, lottery and gaming and education sectors. From managing a global information security program to implementing structured 27001 and 27032 programs, he has covered the broad range of applied security.
Link to the recorded webinar:
The document summarizes Elaine Raybourn's presentation on transmedia learning and learning in the wild. Some key points:
- Raybourn discusses using transmedia storytelling to create immersive learning experiences that engage learners across multiple platforms.
- She argues that most learning takes place outside the classroom, in everyday life, and should leverage connected, social, and ubiquitous environments.
- Raybourn's research focuses on guiding learner interactions in open-ended environments to improve performance through curiosity and emergent outcomes.
The document provides an overview of health informatics by:
1. Defining key terms like informatics, biomedical informatics, health informatics, and discussing the relationships between related fields.
2. Explaining the data-information-knowledge-wisdom hierarchy and providing examples.
3. Describing health informatics as the optimal use of information, aided by technology, to improve health, healthcare, research, and more.
This document provides an overview of handheld medical applications and how to ensure compliance with HIPAA regulations when using such applications. It discusses the major operating systems for handheld devices and applications available for each. Examples of applications include e-book readers, medical calculators, drug references and clinical resources. The document also outlines steps to take to secure patient information on handheld devices in accordance with HIPAA and identifies several free and commercial applications and resources available through the library.
This document presents a method for calculating asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. The author first shows that under maximum likelihood estimation, the coefficient vector in a recursive structural equation model is asymptotically normally distributed. Then, using the multivariate delta method, it is shown that nonlinear functions of the coefficients, such as indirect effects, are also asymptotically normally distributed. This allows confidence intervals to be constructed for indirect effects based on their asymptotic distribution. An example is worked through to demonstrate the method.
The document discusses creating a multi-channel dashboard to measure brand impact and marketing effectiveness across different channels. It recommends breaking down data silos, identifying common metrics and audience across online marketing, PR, brand and thought leadership reports. The goal is to synthesize a narrative through hybrid metrics that tells a compelling story about enhancing business relationships, pursuing growth opportunities and measuring brand leadership to inform strategic decision making. Best practices include involving multiple analysts, accepting that the dashboard is imperfect but can drive positive change, and empowering leadership with knowledge.
Contoh Slide Presentasi Proposal Penelitian yang BagusTrisnadi Wijaya
Ringkasan dokumen tersebut adalah:
1) Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh manajemen modal kerja dan leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui profitabilitas.
2) Variabel penelitian terdiri dari manajemen modal kerja, leverage, profitabilitas, dan nilai perusahaan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel.
3) Sampel penelitian
1. The document discusses the economics of information and the role of search in markets. It explains how price dispersion exists when buyers and sellers have imperfect information about prices.
2. A key factor that determines search is the cost of gathering information about prices from different sellers. More sellers generally means higher search costs due to greater price dispersion.
3. Advertising helps reduce search costs by allowing buyers and sellers to more easily identify each other, though advertising itself has limitations and costs that must be considered.
This document summarizes a presentation on the contemporary economics of information. It discusses concepts like the long tail, where a small number of popular items are supplemented by a large number of niche interests. It also covers the short head, where publishers focus on a small number of bestselling authors. The document outlines how the digital world has reduced costs and disrupted industries like publishing and apps. It analyzes open access models and issues around academic publishing costs. Overall, the summary provides a high-level view of the key topics and economic issues discussed in the original presentation.
Bec doms ppt on the economics of information and uncertaintyBabasab Patil
The document discusses key concepts in economics related to information and risk, including:
1) Information is costly to obtain and asymmetric information can lead to adverse selection or moral hazard in transactions.
2) Risk aversion means that people generally prefer less risk, though attitudes depend on what is at stake.
3) Risk pooling through insurance and diversification helps spread out risk from catastrophic losses.
4) Screening, monitoring, and other mechanisms help address problems of asymmetric information like adverse selection and moral hazard in markets.
The document discusses various export promotion schemes in India including Export Oriented Units (EOUs), Software Technology Parks of India (STPI), Electronic Hardware Technology Parks (EHTPs), and Bio-Technology Parks (BTPs). It provides details on the introduction, eligibility criteria, benefits, and procedures for each type of park. For example, it states that EOUs allow duty-free imports and 100% foreign ownership while STPI units can avail of customs duty exemption, excise duty exemption, and central sales tax reimbursement. The document also mentions that nearly 1,000 software exporters withdrew from STPI after tax incentives were removed in 2011.
The document discusses information economics and defines some key concepts:
1. Information economics treats information explicitly as a resource and studies how information affects economic decisions and the economy.
2. In the information era, the production, use, and communication of information has become centrally important, similar to how mass production of goods was important in the industrial era.
3. The value of information depends on its context and use, and there is a difference between personal and organizational uses of information. The cost of producing information is independent of how much it is used.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang pengaturan hak masyarakat hukum adat terkait pengelolaan hutan di Indonesia dan perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat hukum adat dalam sengketa pengelolaan hutan adat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami pengaturan masyarakat hukum adat dan perlindungan hak mereka, serta memberikan sumbangsih teoritis dan evaluasi kebijakan pemerintah.
Progressive patient care (PPC) is an organizational model for hospitals that groups patients based on their nursing needs rather than other factors. It aims to provide the optimal level of care at minimum cost. PPC includes different levels of care like intensive care for critically ill patients requiring constant monitoring, intermediate care for patients needing moderate nursing assistance, and self-care or convalescent areas for patients who are physically independent. Implementing PPC provides benefits for doctors, nurses, hospitals, and patients by allowing for specialized care tailored to individual needs and more efficient use of resources. Effective planning and preparation is needed when implementing PPC to address issues like staff acceptance and patient transfers between units of care.
Cost benefit analysis (CBA) determines the costs and benefits of a proposed project or policy. It has its origins in the 19th century and was established in US law in 1936. CBA is used to assess whether a project is economically feasible, which of multiple options provides the best return, and the optimal timing. It involves identifying costs like financial outlays and environmental impacts, and benefits like increased productivity or time savings. Alternatives are compared by weighing total benefits against total costs. CBA can be used to analyze options for reducing traffic congestion in Dubai by considering costs and benefits of policies, infrastructure projects, and public transport improvements.
The document provides an introduction to the field of economics. It defines economics as the study of how societies allocate scarce resources to produce goods and services. It also distinguishes between microeconomics, which examines individual components like industries and households, and macroeconomics, which examines the overall economy. The scientific approach in economics uses techniques like observation, analysis, and statistical analysis to understand economic phenomena. Some pitfalls to avoid in economic reasoning are failing to isolate variables, making post hoc fallacies, and committing the fallacy of composition. Economics studies scarcity and how it affects production and consumption. Economic knowledge can help individuals, societies, and policymakers.
This document summarizes the key differences between microeconomics and macroeconomics. Microeconomics examines individual markets and consumer behavior, while macroeconomics looks at aggregate variables for the whole economy. Specifically, microeconomics is concerned with supply and demand in individual markets, while macroeconomics focuses on monetary/fiscal policy and economic growth at the national level. A key difference is that microeconomics assumes markets will quickly reach equilibrium, but macroeconomics recognizes economies may remain in disequilibrium like during recessions.
For full text article go to : https://www.educorporatebridge.com/economics/macro-vs-micro-economics/
This article on Macro vs Micro Economics attempts to analyze the differences between the two most important branches of Economics viz. Macro and Microeconomics and helps understand various economic issues and its effects on investors.
This document provides an overview of microeconomics and macroeconomics. It defines microeconomics as the study of individual economic units like firms, households, and industries. Macroeconomics is defined as the study of aggregate economic quantities like total output, income, savings, and investment of the whole economy. The document outlines the key differences between micro and macroeconomics and notes that while macroeconomics provides a bird's-eye view of the entire economy, both approaches are needed to fully understand how economic systems function.
Monetary policy refers to credit control measures adopted by central banks using instruments like bank rate policy, open market operations, cash reserve ratio, and selective credit controls. Expansionary monetary policy eases credit conditions to boost aggregate demand during recessions, while restrictive policy curtails demand to control inflation. Fiscal policy uses taxation and public expenditure tools to achieve stabilization or growth. Crowding out occurs when increased government borrowing drives up interest rates, reducing private consumption and investment.
Berikut ini adalah slide contoh sewaktu saya presentasi proposal skripsi untuk kelulusan gelar sarjana saya. Sekedar berbagi untuk blog saya di http://arryrahmawan.net. Punya saran, tips, dan trik bagaimana membuat contoh slide presentasi proposal skripsi yang keren? Yuk mention Twitter saya di @ArryRahmawan
The Generic IS/IT Bussiness Value Category : Cases In IndonesiaAinul Yaqin
1. The document discusses a study that identified business values from IS/IT implementations in various organizations in Indonesia.
2. The research identified 13 categories and 74 sub-categories of generic IS/IT business values. Four values were unique to Indonesia, including reducing application development costs and subscription costs.
3. Increasing image by complying with regulations and using branded systems were also identified as unique to Indonesia's developing market context. The study provides insight into how IS/IT creates value in Indonesian organizations.
Information technology investment analysis of hospitality using information e...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This study aims to determine the feasibility of IT investment in hospitality and determine the value and tangible/ intangible benefits from IT implementation. Problem arises from high investment without knowing the real impact and future investment to IT development. The scope of this research is information technology investment in five star hotel in Jakarta. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to the research samples, are Grand Hyatt Hotel, Mandarin Oriental Hotel and Ayana Midplaza Hotel Jakarta. The analysis uses the information economics (IE) approach that combines financially and non-financial calculations to determine the feasibility of IT investment and the benefits of IT for 5-star hotels in Jakarta. From the analysis result, it can be concluded that five star hotel in Jakarta is feasible to make IT investment with ROI score more than 1 and scorecard value 28 which shows that IT investment in 5-star hotel is quite beneficial for hotel business process.
This document presents a method for calculating asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. The author first shows that under maximum likelihood estimation, the coefficient vector in a recursive structural equation model is asymptotically normally distributed. Then, using the multivariate delta method, it is shown that nonlinear functions of the coefficients, such as indirect effects, are also asymptotically normally distributed. This allows confidence intervals to be constructed for indirect effects based on their asymptotic distribution. An example is worked through to demonstrate the method.
The document discusses creating a multi-channel dashboard to measure brand impact and marketing effectiveness across different channels. It recommends breaking down data silos, identifying common metrics and audience across online marketing, PR, brand and thought leadership reports. The goal is to synthesize a narrative through hybrid metrics that tells a compelling story about enhancing business relationships, pursuing growth opportunities and measuring brand leadership to inform strategic decision making. Best practices include involving multiple analysts, accepting that the dashboard is imperfect but can drive positive change, and empowering leadership with knowledge.
Contoh Slide Presentasi Proposal Penelitian yang BagusTrisnadi Wijaya
Ringkasan dokumen tersebut adalah:
1) Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh manajemen modal kerja dan leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui profitabilitas.
2) Variabel penelitian terdiri dari manajemen modal kerja, leverage, profitabilitas, dan nilai perusahaan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel.
3) Sampel penelitian
1. The document discusses the economics of information and the role of search in markets. It explains how price dispersion exists when buyers and sellers have imperfect information about prices.
2. A key factor that determines search is the cost of gathering information about prices from different sellers. More sellers generally means higher search costs due to greater price dispersion.
3. Advertising helps reduce search costs by allowing buyers and sellers to more easily identify each other, though advertising itself has limitations and costs that must be considered.
This document summarizes a presentation on the contemporary economics of information. It discusses concepts like the long tail, where a small number of popular items are supplemented by a large number of niche interests. It also covers the short head, where publishers focus on a small number of bestselling authors. The document outlines how the digital world has reduced costs and disrupted industries like publishing and apps. It analyzes open access models and issues around academic publishing costs. Overall, the summary provides a high-level view of the key topics and economic issues discussed in the original presentation.
Bec doms ppt on the economics of information and uncertaintyBabasab Patil
The document discusses key concepts in economics related to information and risk, including:
1) Information is costly to obtain and asymmetric information can lead to adverse selection or moral hazard in transactions.
2) Risk aversion means that people generally prefer less risk, though attitudes depend on what is at stake.
3) Risk pooling through insurance and diversification helps spread out risk from catastrophic losses.
4) Screening, monitoring, and other mechanisms help address problems of asymmetric information like adverse selection and moral hazard in markets.
The document discusses various export promotion schemes in India including Export Oriented Units (EOUs), Software Technology Parks of India (STPI), Electronic Hardware Technology Parks (EHTPs), and Bio-Technology Parks (BTPs). It provides details on the introduction, eligibility criteria, benefits, and procedures for each type of park. For example, it states that EOUs allow duty-free imports and 100% foreign ownership while STPI units can avail of customs duty exemption, excise duty exemption, and central sales tax reimbursement. The document also mentions that nearly 1,000 software exporters withdrew from STPI after tax incentives were removed in 2011.
The document discusses information economics and defines some key concepts:
1. Information economics treats information explicitly as a resource and studies how information affects economic decisions and the economy.
2. In the information era, the production, use, and communication of information has become centrally important, similar to how mass production of goods was important in the industrial era.
3. The value of information depends on its context and use, and there is a difference between personal and organizational uses of information. The cost of producing information is independent of how much it is used.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang pengaturan hak masyarakat hukum adat terkait pengelolaan hutan di Indonesia dan perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat hukum adat dalam sengketa pengelolaan hutan adat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami pengaturan masyarakat hukum adat dan perlindungan hak mereka, serta memberikan sumbangsih teoritis dan evaluasi kebijakan pemerintah.
Progressive patient care (PPC) is an organizational model for hospitals that groups patients based on their nursing needs rather than other factors. It aims to provide the optimal level of care at minimum cost. PPC includes different levels of care like intensive care for critically ill patients requiring constant monitoring, intermediate care for patients needing moderate nursing assistance, and self-care or convalescent areas for patients who are physically independent. Implementing PPC provides benefits for doctors, nurses, hospitals, and patients by allowing for specialized care tailored to individual needs and more efficient use of resources. Effective planning and preparation is needed when implementing PPC to address issues like staff acceptance and patient transfers between units of care.
Cost benefit analysis (CBA) determines the costs and benefits of a proposed project or policy. It has its origins in the 19th century and was established in US law in 1936. CBA is used to assess whether a project is economically feasible, which of multiple options provides the best return, and the optimal timing. It involves identifying costs like financial outlays and environmental impacts, and benefits like increased productivity or time savings. Alternatives are compared by weighing total benefits against total costs. CBA can be used to analyze options for reducing traffic congestion in Dubai by considering costs and benefits of policies, infrastructure projects, and public transport improvements.
The document provides an introduction to the field of economics. It defines economics as the study of how societies allocate scarce resources to produce goods and services. It also distinguishes between microeconomics, which examines individual components like industries and households, and macroeconomics, which examines the overall economy. The scientific approach in economics uses techniques like observation, analysis, and statistical analysis to understand economic phenomena. Some pitfalls to avoid in economic reasoning are failing to isolate variables, making post hoc fallacies, and committing the fallacy of composition. Economics studies scarcity and how it affects production and consumption. Economic knowledge can help individuals, societies, and policymakers.
This document summarizes the key differences between microeconomics and macroeconomics. Microeconomics examines individual markets and consumer behavior, while macroeconomics looks at aggregate variables for the whole economy. Specifically, microeconomics is concerned with supply and demand in individual markets, while macroeconomics focuses on monetary/fiscal policy and economic growth at the national level. A key difference is that microeconomics assumes markets will quickly reach equilibrium, but macroeconomics recognizes economies may remain in disequilibrium like during recessions.
For full text article go to : https://www.educorporatebridge.com/economics/macro-vs-micro-economics/
This article on Macro vs Micro Economics attempts to analyze the differences between the two most important branches of Economics viz. Macro and Microeconomics and helps understand various economic issues and its effects on investors.
This document provides an overview of microeconomics and macroeconomics. It defines microeconomics as the study of individual economic units like firms, households, and industries. Macroeconomics is defined as the study of aggregate economic quantities like total output, income, savings, and investment of the whole economy. The document outlines the key differences between micro and macroeconomics and notes that while macroeconomics provides a bird's-eye view of the entire economy, both approaches are needed to fully understand how economic systems function.
Monetary policy refers to credit control measures adopted by central banks using instruments like bank rate policy, open market operations, cash reserve ratio, and selective credit controls. Expansionary monetary policy eases credit conditions to boost aggregate demand during recessions, while restrictive policy curtails demand to control inflation. Fiscal policy uses taxation and public expenditure tools to achieve stabilization or growth. Crowding out occurs when increased government borrowing drives up interest rates, reducing private consumption and investment.
Berikut ini adalah slide contoh sewaktu saya presentasi proposal skripsi untuk kelulusan gelar sarjana saya. Sekedar berbagi untuk blog saya di http://arryrahmawan.net. Punya saran, tips, dan trik bagaimana membuat contoh slide presentasi proposal skripsi yang keren? Yuk mention Twitter saya di @ArryRahmawan
The Generic IS/IT Bussiness Value Category : Cases In IndonesiaAinul Yaqin
1. The document discusses a study that identified business values from IS/IT implementations in various organizations in Indonesia.
2. The research identified 13 categories and 74 sub-categories of generic IS/IT business values. Four values were unique to Indonesia, including reducing application development costs and subscription costs.
3. Increasing image by complying with regulations and using branded systems were also identified as unique to Indonesia's developing market context. The study provides insight into how IS/IT creates value in Indonesian organizations.
Information technology investment analysis of hospitality using information e...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This study aims to determine the feasibility of IT investment in hospitality and determine the value and tangible/ intangible benefits from IT implementation. Problem arises from high investment without knowing the real impact and future investment to IT development. The scope of this research is information technology investment in five star hotel in Jakarta. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to the research samples, are Grand Hyatt Hotel, Mandarin Oriental Hotel and Ayana Midplaza Hotel Jakarta. The analysis uses the information economics (IE) approach that combines financially and non-financial calculations to determine the feasibility of IT investment and the benefits of IT for 5-star hotels in Jakarta. From the analysis result, it can be concluded that five star hotel in Jakarta is feasible to make IT investment with ROI score more than 1 and scorecard value 28 which shows that IT investment in 5-star hotel is quite beneficial for hotel business process.
Impact of Information Technology Investment to Financial Performance on Banki...Hendra Gunawan
This study examines the impact of technology on the performance of financial investment in banking companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange to prove its influence on the development of the banking company's financial performance. The data used in this research is secondary data uses financial statements that have been audited. Data analysis technique used is simple regression analysis. Results showed that between investments in information technology affect the company's financial performance. The results of this study illustrate that the company's financial performance would be if the investment in information technology in the company are used effectively and efficiently. This research is important for companies and organizations, in order to better the use or utilization of information technology in the enterprise. The company is only limited to the banking companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, then further research is recommended to add criteria and indicator others that have not been addressed in this study, in addition to subsequent authors can also extend the sample population to another company with a different field such as manufacturing companies.
Investigation and Study of Vital Factors in Selection, Implementation and Sat...IJECEIAES
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in India are the most productive job designers and forerunners in developing new ideas in the field of business. SMEs not only play a vital role in providing large scale employment openings at reasonably lower capital than large businesses but also help in industrialization of rural areas in India. SMEs are complementary to large industries as subsidiary units and this sector contributes immensely to the socio-economic development of the country. Small and Medium scale industries have grown tremendously in the last 5 decades. In spite of high enthusiasm and intrinsic capabilities to grow, there are a number of problems faced by SME‟s; one of them is the „technological obsolescence‟. The SME sector in order to outcome this challenge must make advances in the field of engineering and technology. Adoption of Information Communication Technology in their business process can enhance their productivity and global competency.in the market. In this connection Enterprise Resource Planning plays a vital role in the SME‟s business process strategy. Hence there is a need for the motivation to implement ERP and find whether the current ICT solution the industries using are adequate for their strategy. In this paper we try to find out which ERP vendors does the SME sectors prefer, are the features of the ERP system and the implementation methodology selected have met the business goals and user satisfaction.
An Empirical Study on the information systems in the Moroccan organizations: ...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
An information system, it’s the key point of the success of companies [5] [6]. Where from the necessity of investing to develop information systems, these investments concern to infrastructures, application software’s, set up systems, and existing processes. Companies have to follow policies to manage well their investment of information systems in an economic and optimal way, it is the subject of this paper. To validate our subject, our hypothesis, a study of ground was necessary. We opted for an empirical study on the information systems of the high-level Moroccan organizations in various sectors, by basing itself on scientific foundations. The study and the data analysis allowed us to propose new simplified models.
Business process monitoring system in supporting information technology gover...journalBEEI
Information technology (IT) is essential in supporting an organization's business sustainability and growth, making it critically dependent on IT. Therefore, a focus on IT governance, consisting of leadership, organizational structure, and process ensuring that IT organization supports and expands the organizational strategies and goals is required. When the business supports the strategic significance of IT investment, the implementation of an IT strategy will lead to the adoption of an IT governance model. It will support and help the description of the benefit roles and responsibilities from IT systems and infrastructure. This paper aims to develop a business process monitoring system to support IT governance in improving user service and measuring organizational performance. The research method was the system development method with the Waterfall model. To measure the performance of the business process, the self-assessment method with performance matrix tools was applied. The study resulted in a business process monitoring system that can enhance the organization’s primary business process in services, supporting the said organization’s performance.
This document describes the development and implementation of a balanced scorecard (BSC) within the Information Services Division (ISD) of a major Canadian financial group consisting of Great-West Life, London Life, and Investors Group. The case company merged the IT divisions of the three companies in 1997 in an effort to reduce costs and achieve synergies. In response to concerns from stakeholders about the value of large IT investments, the CIO formalized performance measurement criteria into a new IT BSC based on prior experiences. The BSC project aims to better align business and IT strategies and demonstrate the value delivered by IT expenditures.
JUSTIFICATION OF, AND BENEFITS REALIZATION BEYOND IT INVESTMENTS: ANALYSIS F...ijmvsc
This work looked at the justification of IT investments in general, to draw important conclusions that could
be beneficial to IT project managers and professionals, and then zero in on the angle of benefits realization
beyond IT investments.About 30 categories/sets of research outputs or articles out of more than 60 articles
reviewed were used for this work. No primary data was employed for this work. Articles were sourced from
databases such as Google Scholar, Research Gate, Academia.edu, Google search engine, Elsevier, and so
on. The main themes used for the search were IT investments, Justification for IT investments, IT
investments benefit determination, value creation beyond IT investments, and so on. The results showed
that justification is unique to every firm, it is contextual, and so stakeholders must take into consideration
environmental factors, corporate and strategic goals, experience and expertise of stakeholders, and so on,
to design its framework and measures to justify IT investments. Zeroing on benefits realization, two things
run through all the discussions: benefits realization of IT investments must take into consideration the
organization's strategic objectives and that they do not simply emerge, as if by magic. Their realization has
to be planned, delivered, reviewed, and exploited to ensure value realization on a more consistent/constant
basis.
This study examined the alignment between IT planning and business planning in three large Indian software companies. The researcher collected data through questionnaires sent to IT and business managers, as well as reviewing companies' public documents. The findings showed similarities in how the companies plan and implement IT systems to support business processes. Specifically, executive management had overall responsibility for IT planning and implementation, with input from business operations on directions and opportunities. The companies also experienced both positive and negative effects of implementing IT systems. While efficiency improved, some implementations initially required more staff. There was evidence that IT resources supported business objectives, indicating alignment between IT and business plans. However, the study noted more formal planning processes could be developed.
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 11) DiscussionCOLLAPSEIT value Infor.docxmccormicknadine86
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 1
1)
Discussion
COLLAPSE
IT value: Information Technology is used everywhere in the world. Information technology provides many services to other organizations and ends users such as by providing computer services, network services, hosting the applications and sites and other engineering applications. IT organizations price their services from their clients and customers. Many clients think that service providers are costing them more because they only know a few benefits about the services they are taking. For this service providers need to communicate and explain IT value with their customers, the benefits and features they are getting in it.
The IT value is realized when every product and service is analyzed and its benefits are used completely by the organization. This helps to make decisions about investment in new technology.
Reference:
Meyer, N. D. (2007, December 1). IT Value: What It Really Means. Retrieved from https://www.cio.com/article/2437551/it-value--what-it-really-means.html.
2)
Week 1 - Discussion Attachment
COLLAPSE
IT value is defined as capturing and understanding the business value derived from both financial and economical in information technology which consists of various components and systems. IT value consists of various category which include revenue quantity quality and cost. IT value is determined based on the organizational performance and the impact of information technology both at a higher level and medium level and organization hierarchy (John, 2003). IT value comprises of efficiency impact and competitive level impact. The IT value is understood by various means of technologies like using business intelligence and other data science technology is to understand the customer and what can be provided to create value internally as well as to any client. The organization's ethics and industrial standards will elevate the IT value of a company. IT value provides detailed information about the organization process and their correlation between the employees and their ideas and approach towards implementation and other projects.
Information technology is realized when the organization is not performing as per their industrial standards, The rectification is can be made by the senior executives and other decision-makers whether the IT value is being fulfilled internally and externally. The most important thing about IT realization is organization is justifying the services to the client (John, 2003)
References:
Glaser, John. (2003). Analyzing information technology value. Healthcare financial management : journal of the Healthcare Financial Management Association. 57. 98-100, 102, 104.
Lee, Byungtae & Menon, Nirup. (2000). Information Technology Value Through Different Normative Lenses.. J. of Management Information Systems. 16. 99-120. 10.1080/07421222.2000.11518267.
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 2
3)
Week 1 Discussion
Principles for delivering value
In almost all sections, IT can be d ...
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Information Economics Cost-Benefit Analysis on Automatic Billing System Implementation at Ogan Central Electronic
1.
2. PROCEEDINGS
International Conference on Economic
and Information System Management
October 17 – 18, 2014
STMIK/STIE MDP Building
Jl. Rajawali No.14 Palembang, Indonesia
STIE Multi Data Palembang
4. Proceedings of ICE-ISM 2014
Palembang, October 17 – 18, 2014
189
Information Economics Cost-Benefit Analysis
on Automatic Billing System Implementation
at Ogan Central Electronic
Trisnadi Wijaya#1, Rika Kharlina Ekawati#2
#1Management Department, STIE MDP
Jl. Rajawali No. 14 Palembang, Indonesia
#2Accounting Department, STIE MDP
Jl. Rajawali No. 14 Palembang, Indonesia
1trisnadi@stie-mdp.ac.id
2rika@stie-mdp.ac.id
Abstract— Information technology plays an important role for
the ease and smoothness of the system in the company. More and
more companies use information technology in their activities.
The purpose of this research is to analyze the feasibility of
automatic billing system implementation in the Ogan Central
Electronic use the cost-benefit analysis method of Information
Economics. The results of the identification and analysis of
Tangible and Quasi Tangible benefits of the application
Automatic Billing System financially Enhanced ROI values
obtained by 58.0207% so it can be concluded that the benefits of
this application is large enough for the Ogan Central Electronic.
Keywords— cost benefit analysis, information economics,
automatic billing system
I. INTRODUCTION
Information Economics is a method for measuring a
difficult project mentioned in the nominal money so it can be
calculated costs and benefits in the application or in the future
development of the project. The project is intended to be a
technology implementation in the company. As known that
intangible benefits of technology are difficult to define and
measure its magnitude. As an example of the network
technologies continue to be needed for the business. Prior to
the use of such technology is applied, it must first calculate
the economic value that financial planning can be calculated
accurately and does not cause any harm.
Application of the technology in the company is an
investment for the future viability of the company to face the
changing times. This investment cost is not small and often
very large losses due to errors in the calculation of the initial
implementation process. To that end, information economics
is needed so that all costs to be incurred are not wasted.
Because this method will help the accurate calculation applied
technology.
Automatic billing system is one example of the application
of the technology used by the company. Previously, there will
be a calculation of the costs and benefits of what is perceived
by the company management before and after implementation
is applied. Therefore, in this study using a case study on the
implementation of the Electronic Central Ogan automatic
billing system in order to analyze the cost benefit that is
perceived by management using Information Economics.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
The theory used in this research include theories
concerning the conduct of research and its foundation in the
previous research.
A. Information Technology Investments
The development of information technology has forced
companies to invest which does little to progress the company.
According Ranti (2006) in the Bhisma and Rahayu (2010)
there are four types of benefits of IT investments called
Benefit Matrix IT, are: (1) Easy-to-Quantify Tangible (EQT)
or Hard Benefit, the benefits of IT that directly affect the
profitability of the company and the effect can be measured
directly and objectively. Examples of benefits: reduced costs
and increased revenues. (2) Hard-to-Quantify Tangible (HQT),
the benefits of IT that directly affect the profitability of the
company, but the exact effect can not be measured directly.
Examples of benefits: better information and increased
security company. (3) Easy-to-Quantify Intangible (EQI), the
benefits of IT can be measured but the effect does not affect
directly and need for profitability. Examples of benefits:
increased customer satisfaction and increased staff satisfaction.
(4) Hard-to-Quantify Intangible (HQI) or Strategic / Soft
Benefits, the benefits of IT that the effect does not affect
directly and need for profitability.
In the application of information technology investments,
many architectures to be built. According to Gartner (2002)
quoted from Indrajit (2004) there are three concepts of
thinking for information technology investment management
strategies, are:
5. Proceedings of ICE-ISM 2014
Palembang, October 17 – 18, 2014
190
1. Companies that can integrate with the corporate business
plan development strategy of information technology
(strategic planning) will have a much better performance
than companies that fail to make such integration;
2. Companies that have clear information technology
architecture (enterprise information technology
architecture) will be able to improve the operational
performance of 30% better compared to other companies
that do not have it - especially with regard to the
demands of the external environment changes due
dimanis from time to time; and
3. Companies that apply the principles of project portfolio
management in a variety of information technology
managed to save 10-30% of the expenditures of each
project is done (mostly due to a reduction in the activity
of resource allocation redundancies).
B. Information Economics
Information Economics (IE) is a method developed by
Parker et al. to assess the feasibility of implementation
projects of information technology. The things to be taken into
account, among others, to analyze the perceived costs and
benefits when deciding to use technology in the enterprise.
According Tjahjono (2002) in Tjahjono (2007),
Information Economics, is a methodology to quantify the cost
(the cost) and value (value) to justify information technology
projects. Of all the existing methods, Information Economics
is considered as one of the most comprehensive manner and
assessed can answer a number of factors and unique
characteristics, and the issues and challenges faced. Indrajit
(2004), in his book also said that Marilyn M. Parker, Robert J.
Benson, and H.E. Trainor is one of the information technology
practitioners who do break through the theory of "information
economics" as one of the ways that until recently was rated
"most accurate" in relation to the process of analyzing the
costs and benefits of information technology implementation.
IE method using two approaches in the analysis of the
benefits of IT. The first approach is applied to the financial
benefits that are tangible and quasi. The second approach was
applied to non-financial benefits that are quasi. The technique
used to analyze the tangible benefits is the Traditional Cost-
Benefit Analysis in the form of a simple ROI (Bhishma and
Rahayu, 2010). Parker (1998) in Indrajit (2004) mentions the
concept of value in information economics which consists of:
1. Value Linking
Value Linking is the benefit obtained by increasing the
performance of one or a number of business functions or
organization because of the implementation of information
technology.
2. Value Acceleration
Value Acceleration evolved as a logical consequence of
the nature or characteristics of the technology that has the
dimension of "speed" or speed up the creation of a benefit
for organizations such as companies.
3. Value Restructuring
A direct or indirect benefits enjoyed by the company due
to the restructuring of a number of business processes.
4. Innovation
What is meant in this framework is the ability of
information technology to help give birth to the products
and new services that can be offered to the market.
Source: Parket et.al., (1987) in Indrajit (2004)
Fig. 1 Value Consept
Information economics methodology classified the
benefits of IS / IT into three parts (Parker, 1998) quoted from
Yulia (2006), namely:
1. Tangible benefit
The real benefit or a direct impact on corporate profits. For
example, increase productivity, reduce the use of
paper, and so on. Analysis of the tangible benefits or uses
quantitative calculations using simple ROI- Traditional
Cost-Benefit Analysis (TCBA)
2. Quasi benefit
The benefits are in the "gray", or a direct effect on profits,
but difficult to be calculated or otherwise, does not impact
directly on profitability but can be calculated. For example,
to improve the planning process, improving decision
making, and so on.
3. Intangible benefit
Or intangible benefits that can be seen to have a positive
impact for the company, but does not directly affect profits.
For example, enhance the corporate image, increase
employee morale, and so on. Analysis of the intangible
benefits of using two assessment are:
a. Business Domain
Assessment components of the business domain, among
others:
− Strategic match: the benefits of information
technology is measured by how much the support of the
achievement of the strategic objectives of the
organization or the contribution to the operations
activities to achieve these goals.
− Competitive advantage: the benefits of information
technology is measured by its contribution to the
6. Proceedings of ICE-ISM 2014
Palembang, October 17 – 18, 2014
191
achievement of organizational competitive advantage.
The use of information technology is the potential to
create obstacles competition. Thus, technology projects
that support inter-organizational systems (inter-organizational
systems) have higher benefits.
− Management information support: This category
assesses the contribution of information technology
projects to the need for information management in
decision making.
− Competitive response: the benefits of information
technology projects is measured by how much the risk of
competition if the project is delayed or not implemented.
The more the project can not be delayed, the higher the
benefits.
b. Technology Domain
The components of the assessment domains include:
− Strategic IS architecture: project benefits the IS / IT is
measured through the level of conformity of the project
to the planning of the IS / IT as a whole.
− Defitional Uncertainty: project benefits / IT measured
by how much uncertainty due to the change of the target
− Technical Uncertainty: project benefits / IT measured
by how much dependence on the expertise of the project,
the hardware, software and systems.
− Infrastructure Risk: project benefits the IS / IT
investment is measured by how important nonproject to
accommodate this project.
Source : Ranti (2005) quoted from Yulia (2006)
Fig 2. Information Economics Framework
Figure 2 above explains that, information economics refers to
a form of assessment scores show the figures for the economic
value of an investment in IS / IT are done. The formula set by
Parker (1998) are as follows (Bhisma and Rahayu, 2010):
Formula 1. Project Score
Project Score = Enhanched ROI + Weight of business areas
+ weighting field of technology
Formula 2. Enhanced ROI
Enhanced ROI = Traditional ROI + value linking + value
acceleration + value restructuring + innovation valuation
C. Business Value of Information Technology
Based on the information technology implemented in the
company, has some business value. Ranti (2008) says that
there are 13 categories of Business Value consisting of:
1. Reducing Cost of (travelling cost,
staff/operator/employee cost, meeting cost, service
failure cost, application development cost, delivery cost,
training cost per employee, returning cost for incorrect
delivery, cost of money, office supplies and printing
cost, subscription cost of certain reading materials or
subscription cost per employee, space rental cost, device
rental cost, inventory cost, research failure cost).
2. Increasing Productivity caused by (restructuring job
function, accelerating mastering product knowledge,
ease of analysis, increasing employee satisfaction).
3. Accelerating Process of (production process, stock
procurement process, report making process, data
preparation process, order checking process, debt
payment process, transaction process, decision making
process).
4. Reducing Risk of (price miscalculation, unrecoverable
claim, inventory lost, rejected goods, data lost, incorrect
data, penalty, losing potential employee, forgery,
administration fraud, incorrect payment, asset
mismanagement).
5. Increasing Revenue caused by (increasing business
capacity, increasing report quality, increasing customer
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Palembang, October 17 – 18, 2014
192
trust, widening market segment, increasing other
incomes).
6. Increasing Accuracy of (billing, analysis, data,
planning, decision).
7. Accelerating Cash-in caused by (accelerating billing
dispatching).
8. Increasing External Services of (reducing order
cancellation, knowing customer’s problems, adding point
of services, personalized services, customer satisfaction).
9. Increasing Image caused by (increasing service quality,
offering substantial discounts, complying with
regulations, using branded systems).
10. Increasing Quality of (better supplier/vendor
management, work result, services, products).
11. Increasing Internal Services of (shared services,
matching employee’s right and responsibility, employee
services, proper schedule and training material).
12. Increasing Competitive Advantage caused by
(forming business alliances, accelerating the execution of
new business opportunities, increasing switching cost).
13. Avoiding Cost (ACO) of (reserved fund, maintenance
cost, lost and delay cost).
III. PROBLEM ANALYSIS
A. Problems in Ogan Central Electronic
Ogan Central Electronic is one of the growing trading
company which sells electronic goods either by cash or credit.
Ogan Central Electronic focus on the sales region of Indralaya.
The company currently has regular customers amounted to
1,427 people, and about 65 percent of its customers buy goods
on credit.
The credit sales of electronic goods will have an impact on
the increasing number of corporate accounts receivables. The
increase in accounts receivable on the one hand resulted in
increased interest income from loans. However, the company
also must face the risk of bad debts and the rising costs
associated with the management of these receivables.
The problems that are often faced by the company is
currently associated with these receivables is a problem that is
often done late payment by customers. Companies must
always remind regular customers one week before the due
date of payment via the phone for about five minutes. The
company is also working on some debt collectors for accounts
receivable payments mengihkan customers. Administrative
personnel who handle specific accounts given high salary
considering the importance of bookkeeping accounts-receivable
customers.
Another problem that is not less important is doubtful
accounts. Based on the experience of the owner of the
company about 20 percent of customers who make purchases
on credit bad credit status even become bad debts. A customer
will be given a bad credit status if ever installment arrears
exceed 60 days twice in the same period.
Late payment of accounts receivable made by the customer
will have an impact on the working capital turnover Ogan
Central Electronic. Enterprises should also be willing to lose
the opportunity to benefit from the accelerated payment of
accounts receivable, other than fines received. Thus, the delay
in the payment of customer accounts receivable will not be
profitable for a company may cause the company even failed
to gain a greater loss.
The books of accounts receivable company also is still done
with the concept of accounting without following the rules of
general accounting. Company only records the amount of
receivables the company, due date, the amount of installments
per month and the number of bills that have been paid. The
company does not know the amount of net profit earned per
month from the sales made on credit or cash. Companies only
know the size of the amount of turnover or gross profit earned
each month. Recording the amount of losses resulting from
credit sales is not available.
B. Features and Benefits Automatic Billing System
Automatic Billing System can provide several benefits that
can be described as follows:
Bookkeeping neat receivables in accordance with standard
accounting rules
It has a reminder feature payment due receivables that can
be sent via SMS or email to the customer
Able to recapitalize receivables customers who have paid
and unpaid
Prepare various reports related to the accounts receivable
customers
Calculated total payments receivable customer acceptance.
Automatic Billing System program will be made in the
Visual Basic 6.0 programming language with SQL Server
2000 database. Visual Basic 6.0 programming language until
now still a popular programming language that is often used to
support an interface that is easy and simple programming
language.
IV. EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF BENEFITS
AUTOMATIC BILLING SYSTEM
The results of the evaluation Tangible and Quasi Tangible
benefits for Automatic Billing System can be seen in Table 1
and Table 2.
8. Proceedings of ICE-ISM 2014
Palembang, October 17 – 18, 2014
193
TABLE 1
TANGIBLE BENEFITS
Benefits Value
Reduce Telecommunications
Costs
Rp 5.417.000
Reduce Costs Document
Delivery
Rp 592.000
Reducing the Cost of Printing
Documents
Rp 370.000
Reducing Number of
Employees
Rp 5.200.000
Total Rp 11.579.000
TABLE 2
QUASI TANGIBLE BENEFITS
Benefits Value
Value Linking Rp 6.353.000
Value Acceleration Rp 4.698.000
Value Restructuring Rp 2.434.000
Economic Impact Worksheet generated by Tangible and
Quasi Tangible benefits can be seen in Table 3.
TABEL 3
ECONOMIC IMPACT WORKSHEET
Benefits Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Value Investing 73.000.000 - -
Tangible 12.447.425 13.380.982 14.384.556
Value Linking 12.829.475 13.513.686 14.692.312
Value
13.150.300 13.629.126 14.836.311
Acceleration
Value
Restructuring
13.416.550 13.812.791 15.125.751
Simple ROI
Tangible Benefits
55,0863%
Simple ROI Value 56,2130%
Linking Benefits
Simple ROI Value
Acceleration
Benefits
57,0079%
Simple ROI Value
Restructuring
Benefits
58,0207%
The result of Enhanced ROI from Tangible benefits, Value
Linking benefits, the benefits of Acceleration Value and
Value Restructuring is equal to 58.0207%.
V. CONCLUSIONS
Based on the identification and analysis of Tangible and
Quasi Tangible benefits from the application of Automatic
Billing System financially Enhanced ROI values obtained by
58.0207% so it can be concluded that the benefits of this
application is large enough for the Ogan Central Electronic.
The implementation of Automatic Billing System will provide
many benefits for Ogan Central Electronic both Tangible and
Quasi Tangible benefits.
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[3] Ranti, Benny, “The Generic IS/IT Business Value Category: Cases in
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[4] Tjahjono, Budi, “Analisis Cost Benefit Dengan Metode Information
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[5] Yulia, “Kajian Kelayakan Investasi Proyek Teknologi Informasi Dengan
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9. STIE Multi Data Palembang
Jl. Rajawali No. 14
Palembang, Indonesia
http://www.stie-mdp.ac.id
ISBN: 978-602-71513-0-7