3D printing has various applications in oceanography, including for ecological monitoring, sample collection, and tracking studies. It allows for the creation of components like propellers, wings, and frames to outfit autonomous underwater vehicles and robots. Other uses include 3D printing tags to track fish populations and replicating marine organisms in different shapes to study their hydrodynamics and how drag forces affect them under varying water velocities. In conclusion, 3D printing provides opportunities for custom modeling and prototypes that further scientific understanding and applications in oceanography.

1. 3D Printing in Oceanography
SUHAS

2. Contents
 3D Printing
 Types
 Applications
Medical
Engineering
 Oceanography
 Applications
 Conclusion

3. 3D Printing

4. TYPES
• FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling)
• SLA (Stereolithography)
• DLP (Digital Light Processing)
• SLS (Selective Laser Sintering)
• SLM (Selective Laser Melting)
• EBM (Electron Beam Melting)
• LOM (Laminated Object Manufacturing)
• BJ (Binder Jetting)
• MJ (Material Jetting / Wax Casting)

5. Applications
MEDICAL FIELD
• 96% of hearing aids are printed by 3d printing
technologies
• Surgery time reduced from 97 hrs. to 23hrs.
• To separate the body parts in some cases
• 3d printed bone is the only solution (recreated the jaw
from CT (computerized tomography) scan)
• Skull printing
• Artificial arms
• Currently working on bio printing (organ printing)

6. ENGINEERING FIELD
• Planning the work site in construction
• Cases
• Prototypes
• In architectures
• Aerospace

7. OCEANOGRAPHY
The branch of science that deals with the physical
and biological properties and phenomena of the sea
The exploration and scientific study of the ocean and
ocean floor
It is also termed as marine science or oceanology

8. Applications in Oceanography
• Ecological Monitoring & Sample Collection
• Tracking & surface studies
• Hydrodynamics

9. Ecological Monitoring & Sample
Collection
• FDM 3D printed propellers were manufactured using ABS
blend for use in a high-drag AUV (autonomous underwater
vehicles)
• 3D printed plastic components (wings and tail) were used to
develop a low-drag Stingray AUV used for ecological
monitoring
• The 3D printed wings and tail were coated in epoxy in order to
prevent water logging.
• To construct plastic propellers and motor transmission parts for
an AUV

10. • The ABS parts used to hold a camera were encased in an
acrylic cylinder protecting the parts as well as the camera
from water
• 3D printed ABS support frame was used to develop a robot
launching system for underwater manipulation tasks

11. Tracking & surface studies
• The numbers and distribution of fish populations is tracking
• Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization (CSIRO) are using 3D printed titanium tags to
track big fish
• Titanium was used for printing owing to its strength, non-
toxicity, and resistance to corrosion in salty waters
• Researchers can easily optimize the surface texture

12. Hydrodynamics
• Marine organisms living in the intertidal zone are subjected to
large hydrodynamic forces due to high wave energy and flow
velocities
• The hydrodynamic forces can dislodge the marine organisms
in this zone resulting in lower foraging efficiency and overall
growth
• Shapes were replicated with polylactide plastic using a FDM
3D printer
• NextEngine 3D laser was used to scan the organisms into a 3D
CAD program
• The 3D models were subjected to flume testing in order to
understand how drag forces and drag coefficients change with
a range of Reynolds numbers

13. • In higher flow velocities the snail replicas experienced
significantly higher drag forces than the limpet and chiton
replicas
• Drag coefficients for the limpet and chiton replicas were
relatively high at low flow velocity and rapidly decreased at
higher velocities
• This illustrates how 3D printing technology allows researchers
to understand how the flow forces affect the normally scaled
organisms in high flow environments

14. Conclusion
• It is clear from the different examples presented in this review
that 3D printing technologies are being exploited for a wide
variety of applications ranging from fundamental
oceanography studies to real-life applications
• 3D printing technologies offer exciting opportunities for rapid
prototyping of complex and customized models at low cost

15. Thank You