3D printing in microwave and optics

1. 3D Printing
Adviser: Dr. shah abadi
Author:Fatemeh Habibi
School of ECE, Tehran university

2. CONTENTS OF THIS TEMPLATE
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Materials
4. Applications
5. Challenge
6. Examples ( SPP, Reflect array and others)
7. Artificial dielectric
8. References

3. 3-D printing is an additive manufacturing (AM) technique for fabricating a
wide range of structures and complex geometries from 3D model data.[1,2]
Introduction
- Charles Hull in 1986
- 3D object can be built layer-by-layer from the bottom up
- allow printing on nonplanar surfaces or curvilinear substrates
- fabrication of complex optical components and metaphotonic
structures
- 3D printing can allow the direct printing of complex structures without micromachining

4. METHODS
Main Methods
Of
3D printing
Fused deposition modelling
FDM
POLYJET PRINTING
DIRECT LINK WRITING
Stereolithography
DIGITAL LIGHT
PROCESSING
SELECTIVE LASER
WRITING

5. 3D and 4D printing for optics and metaphotonics
By Hoon Yeub Jeong, Eunsongyi Lee, Soo-Chan An, Yeonsoo Lim and Young Chul Jun

6. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a common
type of 3D printing that is widely used in either low-cost
3D printers or professional 3D printers. It is based on
the material extrusion, where thermoplastic materials
are melted and pulled out through a nozzle to form successive object layers
[2]

7. PolyJet 3D printing is based on the material jetting,
where liquid photopolymers are dropped and cured with
ultraviolet (UV) light. The cured layers are built one-by-
one to create a complete 3D object. [2]

8. Direct ink writing (DIW) is an ink-based technique, where ink can be
extracted from a nozzle, like a fluid, because of low viscosity with
applied shear stress. The printed structure can
maintain its shape owing to high viscosity in the absence
of shear stress. [2]

9. A digital light processing (DLP) is used
in DLP 3D printing to expose each and entire layer all at
once, and thus DLP can enable large printing volumes
at high speed. [2]

10. MATERIALS
- Metals and alloys
- Polymers and composits
- Ceramics
- Concrete
Materials in the forms of filaments, wire, powder, paste, sheets and inks can
be used for 3D printing. [1]
Mixing functional nanoparticles with conventional 3D printing materials
can be a viable option to enhance the optical functionalities of printed
structures.[2]
embedded functional nanoparticles, such as
plasmonic metal nanoparticles, quantum dots (QDs), and
luminescent dye molecules [2]

12. Conductors are effective for generating and confining electromagnetic waves and
many microwave antennas and components.[2]
- conductive composite filaments and inks that include carbon materials
(graphite, carbon black ) or metal particles as fillers in a polymer matrix can
provide sufficient conductivity for many applications .
- it is possible to control or gradually vary the dielectric permittivity by using
several filaments together or dynamically mixing inks.

13. 3D printing design and application for optics and metaphotonics [2]
Applications
- opto-mechanical components
- photonic crystal fibers and waveguides
- gratings
- lenses
- freeform optical components
- ballistic gel
- Axicons
- optical sensors
- spherical lenses, toric lenses, and freeform lenses with donut-shaped and top-hat-
shaped intensity
- Photodetector

14. DLW based on two-photon absorption polymerization can allow a patterning resolution of <100 nm
3D printing for optical metamaterials [2]
- log-pile photonic crystals
- spiral photonic crystals
- 3D split-ring metamaterials
- standing U-shaped resonators
- 3D carpet invisibility cloak operating in the near-IR range

15. - dielectric phase plates for THz beam shaping
- THz polarizer
3D printing for terahertz components [2]

16. uniaxial anisotropic metamaterials via FDM 3D printing
Polymer composites that include microsized ceramic powders in a polymer matrix have
also been investigated for achieving a high permittivity.
3D printing for microwave metamaterials and transformation optics [2]

18. Some other applications
wideband graded index flat lens using a polylactic acid (PLA) [3]
a polyjet demonstrator is the X-band cavity resonator and band-pass filter [4]

19. high cost
limited applications in large structures and mass production
inferior and anisotropic mechanical properties
limitation of materials and defects [1]
Challenges

20. Dielectric reflect array antennas are proposed as a promising low-loss and low-cost
solution for high gain terahertz (THz) antennas.[5]
3D printed Reflect array

23. FDM ,ABS composits materials, a light-weight dielectric resonator reflectarray that produces a
high-gain collimated beam in the boresight direction from an offset feed has been 3D printed
.[6]
3D printed milli meter wave dielectric resonator reflectarray

24. [7]

25. Experimental evaluation of 3D printed spiral phase plates for enabling an orbital angular
momentum multiplexed radio system. [8]

28. 1. Tuan D. Ngoa, Alireza Kashania, Gabriele Imbalzanoa, Kate T.Q. Nguyena, David Hui “Additive manufacturing (3D
printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges “ 2018
2. Hoon Yeub Jeong, Eunsongyi Lee, Soo-Chan An, Yeonsoo Lim and Young Chul Jun “3D and 4D printing for optics and
metaphotonics” 201
3. S. Zhang, Y. Vardaxoglou, W. Whittow and R. Mittra, “3D-printed flat lens for microwave applications,” Antennas &
Propag. Conf. (LAPC),2015 Loughborough.
4. F. Cai, W. T. Khan and J. Papapolymerou, “A low loss X-band filter using 3-D polyjet technology,” IEEE MTT-S Int.
Microw. Symp. (IMS), 2015,Phoenix, AZ, 2015
5. Payam Nayeri “3D Printed Dielectric Reflectarrays: Low-Cost High-Gain Antennas at Sub-Millimeter Waves”
2014
6. Shiyu Zhang “Three-dimensional printed millimetre wave dielectric resonator reflectarray “ 2017
7. Ehsan Hajisaeid, Arcan F. Dericioglu, and Alkim Akyurtlu “All 3-D Printed Free-Space Setup for Microwave
Dielectric Characterization of Materials “ 2018
8. Allen B et al. 2019 Experimental evaluation of 3D printed spiral phase plates for enabling an orbital angular
momentum multiplexed radio system.
References

29. Thanks
Do you have any question?
fatemeh.habibi75@ut.ac.ir