More Related Content Similar to 2..nakamura thesis(2)
Similar to 2..nakamura thesis(2) (20) 2..nakamura thesis(2)3. ç® æ¬¡
第 1 ç« åºè« 1
1.1 æ¬ç 究ã®ç®ç . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 æ¬çš¿ã®æ§æ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
第 2 ç« èæ¯ãšåé¡ç¹ 3
2.1 倧ç»é¢ã®æ®åãšçŸç¶ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1.1 倧ç»é¢ãšã¯ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1.2 倧ç»é¢ã®æ®å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1.3 倧ç»é¢ã®å©çšç¶æ³ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 åŸæ¥ã®æäœã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2.1 ããŠã¹ãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.2 ã¿ããããã«ãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.3 ãªã¢ã³ã³ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3 æ°ããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
第 3 ç« æãçšãã倧ç»é¢åãã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ 10
3.1 æãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2 倧ç»é¢åãã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3 ãŽãŒã« . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
第 4 ç« ææ¡ 12
4.1 ããã€ã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.2 çžå¯Ÿåº§æšæå®ãšçµ¶å¯Ÿåº§æšæå® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3 ãã³ããžã§ã¹ã㣠. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.4 äž¡æã§ã®åäœ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
第 5 ç« ãããã¿ã€ãã®èšèšãšè©Šäœ 16
5.1 ãããã¿ã€ãã®èšèš . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.1.1 ã·ã¹ãã ã®æ§æ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.2 ãããã¿ã€ãã®è©Šäœ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.2.1 éçºç°å¢ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.2.2 æã®åŠç . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.2.3 äž¡æã®åæåŠç . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
i
4. 5.2.4 åäœ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
第 6 ç« è©äŸ¡ãšä»åŸã®èª²é¡ 27
6.1 è©Šçšã«ããè©äŸ¡ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6.1.1 移å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6.1.2 æåå
¥å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6.1.3 åäœã®ç¢ºèª . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
6.2 ä»åŸã®èª²é¡ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
6.2.1 ãã£ãŒããã㯠. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
6.2.2 ã¡ãã¥ãŒ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.2.3 ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãžã®å©çš . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
第 7 ç« é¢é£ç 究 31
第 8 ç« çµè« 32
è¬èŸ 33
åèæç® 34
ii
5. å³ ç® æ¬¡
1.1 é§
ã®å€§ç»é¢ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.1 åŸæ¥ã®ãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 è€æ°ã®ãããžã§ã¯ã¿ãå©çšãã倧ç»é¢ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3 ã¿ããããã«ãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.4 ããŠã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.5 ãªã¢ã³ã³ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1 å©çšã€ã¡ãŒãž . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.1 æ§ã
ãªæã®åœ¢ç¶ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.1 ã·ã¹ãã å³ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.2 èæ¯ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.3 ãã£ããã£ç»å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.4 èæ¯å·®åãåã£ãç»å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.5 èè²æœåºã®çµæ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.6 è
ãŸã§æœåºãããäŸ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.7 çµæ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.8 åç»å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.9 å³ 5.8 ã«å¯ŸããŠåçž®ã»èšåŒµåŠçãæœããç»å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.10 æãæ¡ã£ãŠããç»å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.11 å³ 5.10 ã«å¯ŸããŠåçž®ã»èšåŒµåŠçãæœããç»å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.12 èµ°æ»é åã®åå² . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.13 åºæºç¹ãšæã®é å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.14 移åå . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.15 å³ã«ã«ãŒãœã«ãåãããŠããç¶æ
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.16 å³æãæ¡ã£ãç¶æ
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.17 決å®ïŒããŠã¹ã®å·Šã¯ãªãã¯ïŒåŸ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.18 ã¹ã¯ããŒã«å . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.19 ã¹ã¯ããŒã«äž . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.20 Popie ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
iii
6. 6.1 æ§ã
ãªã«ãŒãœã« . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.2 ã¡ãã¥ãŒã㌠. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.3 ãããã¢ããã¡ãã¥ãŒ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.4 éå±€ãæ·±ããªã£ãã¡ãã¥ãŒ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.5 æµ®ããã§ããã¡ãã¥ãŒ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.6 æ»ããã¿ã³ã«è¿ã¥ããå Žå . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
iv
7. è¡š ç® æ¬¡
4.1 座æšæå®æ¹æ³ã®åé¡ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1 åäœ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
v
11. 2.1.2 倧ç»é¢ã®æ®å
倧ç»é¢ã¯ãçŸåšãå¹
åºãå Žæã§æ§ã
ãªåœ¢ã§æ®åããŠãããäŸãã°ãåŠæ ¡ã®è¬çŸ©å®€ã§ã¯ãã
ãžã§ã¯ã¿ãšã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ãç 究宀ã§ã¯ãã©ãºããã£ã¹ãã¬ã€ãé§
ãªã©ã§ã¯è€æ°ã®ãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€
ã®çµã¿åããã (å³ 1.1) ããšã§å€§ç»é¢ãæ§æããŠããããŸããè€æ°ã®ãããžã§ã¯ã¿ãçµã¿åã
ããããšã«ãããå£äžé¢ãã²ãšã€ã®å€§ç»é¢ãšããŠæ§æããŠãããã®ãããïŒå³ 2.2ïŒããã®ã
ãã«ãæ§ã
ãªçš®é¡ã®å€§ç»é¢ãæ§ã
ãªå Žæã«èšçœ®ãããŠããã
倧ç»é¢ãæ®åããŠããèŠå ãšããŠã倧åãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€ããããžã§ã¯ã¿ã®äœäŸ¡æ Œåã解å床
ã®åäžãªã©ã«ãããã®ã倧ãããæè¿ã§ã¯ãã²ãšã€ã®ãªãã£ã¹ãç 究宀ã§ãã©ãºããã£ã¹ã
ã¬ã€ããããžã§ã¯ã¿ãè€æ°å°ææããŠãããšããã決ããŠçãããªãã
ãŸãã倧ç»é¢ã®æ®åã«äŒŽãã倧ç»é¢ãæäœããæ©äŒãå¢ãããŸãåæã«ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãå©
çšã§ãã空éãåºããã€ã€ãããæ§ã
ãªå Žæã§å©çšã§ãã空éãåºãã£ãŠãããšããæå³ã§
ã¯ãMark Weiser ãæå±ãã âUbiquitous Computerâ[1] ã«è¿ã¥ãã€ã€ããããŸãã倧ç»é¢ã®ã¿ã
èŠããã ãã§äžã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãªã©ã¯ç®ã«èŠãããšããããæ¶ãã€ã€ããã®ã§ãD.A.Norman
ã«ãã âInvisible Computerâ[2] ã«ãè¿ã¥ãã€ã€ãããšãããã ããã
å³ 2.1: åŸæ¥ã®ãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€
2.1.3 倧ç»é¢ã®å©çšç¶æ³
äžæ¹ã倧ç»é¢ã®å©çšç¶æ³ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã倧ç»é¢ã眮ãããŠããå Žæã«ãã£ãŠå€§ããç°ãªããäŸ
ãã°ãç 究宀ããªãã£ã¹ã§ã¯ã倧ç»é¢ã§ãã¬ãŒã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ãè¡ã£ããããã¢ã³ã¹ãã¬ãŒã·ã§
ã³æ åãæµãããããããŸããã¹ããŒãããŒããã¿ããããã«ãªã©ãå©çšããŠãäŒè°ãªã©ã
è¡ããªã©ãšãã£ã䜿ãéãããããã®ããã«ãç 究宀ããªãã£ã¹ã§ã¯ã倧ç»é¢ã¯æ§ã
ãªããš
ã«å©çšãããŠããããšããããã
4
13. å³ 2.3: ã¿ããããã«ãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹
å³ 2.4: ããŠã¹ å³ 2.5: ãªã¢ã³ã³
ãå©çšãããã®ãå€ããããã§ããŸãã¯ããã®ïŒã€ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã«ã€ããŠèŠãŠããããŸ
ãã家åºã«ãããã¬ãããããžã§ã¯ã¿ãæäœããã®ã«ããå©çšããããªã¢ã³ã³ïŒå³ 2.5ïŒã«ã€
ããŠãèŠãŠããã
2.2.1 ããŠã¹ãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹
ããŠã¹ã¯ãåŸæ¥ã®ãµã€ãºã®ãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€ã§éåžžã«ããå©çšãããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã§ããããŸ
ã䜿ãæ
£ããŠãããããçŸåšã倧ç»é¢ã«ãããŠãããå©çšãããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã®äžã€ã§ã
ããããŠã¹ã¯ãä»ãŸã§å©çšãããŠããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã§ããããã誰ã§ãç°¡åã«å©çšããã
ãšãã§ãããšããç¹ã«ãããŠã¯éåžžã«åªããŠãããããããããŠã¹ã¯æºã®äžã§ããã€åŸæ¥ã®
ãµã€ãºã®ãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€äžã§ã®ã¿ã§æçšã§ããã倧ç»é¢äžã§å©çšããå Žåãç°å¢ãåäœãç°ãªã£
ãŠãããããããããšäžäŸ¿ãæããããšãããããã®çç±ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ããã
6
17. 第3ç« æãçšãã倧ç»é¢åãã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹
第 2 ç« ã§æããããåé¡ç¹ã解決ããæ段ã®äžã€ãšããŠã倧ç»é¢åãã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãš
ããŠæãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãšãããã®ãèãããããããã§ãæ¬ç« ã§ã¯æãçšããã€ã³
ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŠããã
3.1 æãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹
æãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãšãããã®ã¯ãç»é¢ã®å€§ããã«é¢ãããæ§ã
ãªç 究ãè¡ãããŠ
ããŠãããæãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã«é¢ããç 究ã¯å€§ãŸãã« 2 çš®é¡ã«åãããããäžã€ã¯ã
ããŒãã«ã®äžã§æãåããããšã«ããç»é¢ãæäœããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ [15, 16] ã§ãããããã²
ãšã€ã¯ãç»é¢ã«åãã£ãŠæãåããããšã«ãã£ãŠæäœããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ [14] ã§ããã
ããŒãã«ã®äžã§æãåããããšã§æäœããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã¯ããŠã¹ã«è¿ãæèŠã§æäœã§ã
ãã®ãå©ç¹ã§ããããç»é¢ãšæã®åäœãåæã«ç¢ºèªãã¥ãããããç»é¢ãšæå
ã亀äºã«ç¢ºèª
ãããªããã°ãªããªãã®ãåé¡ã§ããã
äžæ¹ãç»é¢ãšåããåã£ãŠæäœããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã¯ãæã®åäœãšç»é¢ãåæã«ç¢ºèªãã
ããšãã§ãããããããŒãã«ã®äžã§æãåããå Žåãšæ¯ã¹ãŠèªåã®çŸåšã®ç¶æ³ãææ¡ããã
ããããã¯ãç»é¢ã®ãµã€ãºã倧ãããªãã»ã©ç¶æ³ææ¡ã¯éèŠã«ãªã£ãŠãããããæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ã
ç»é¢ãšåããåã£ãŠæãåããããšã§æäœãè¡ãããã«ããã
3.2 倧ç»é¢åãã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹
倧ç»é¢åãã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãšããŠãæãå©çšããããšã¯éåžžã«æçšã§ããããªããªããæ
ã¯ãŠãŒã¶ã®äœã®äžã§æãåãããããç®æã§ãããããåçŽãªåäœããè€éãªåäœãŸã§å¹
åº
ãåããè¡ãããšãã§ããããã®ãããç®ç·ãå©çšãããã®ããããå¹
åºãã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹
ãèšèšå¯èœã«ãªãã倧ç»é¢ã®å©çšã·ãŒã³ãåºããããšãå¯èœã«ãªãããŸããé¢ããŠæäœãã
ããããªã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãèšèšããããšã容æãªã®ã§ãç»é¢å
šäœãææ¡ããªããæäœããã
ãšãã§ããã
倧ç»é¢ãæã§æäœããããšããè©Šã¿ã¯ãçŽååäžçŽåã«ç»å Žã [12]ãçŸåšã§ãçãã«è¡ã
ããŠãã [3, 13]ããããããããã®ç 究ã«ã¯ããã€ãåé¡ããããã²ãšã€ã¯ããããã®ç 究ã®
å€ãã¯ãŠãŒã¶ã®æã«äœããããã€ã¹ãè£
çãããå¿
èŠããããšããããšã§ããããŠãŒã¶ã«äœ
ãããã®ããã€ã¹ãè£
çãããããšã¯ãèŠèŠçã«ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã䜿ã£ãŠãããšããããšãæ
瀺ããããšã«ãªããããD.A.Norman ãæå±ãããããªâ Invisible Computer âãšã¯çšé ããªã£
10
19. 第4ç« ææ¡
æ¬ç« ã§ã¯ãæãçšãã倧ç»é¢åãã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã®èšèšã«ã€ããŠãæ§ã
ãªèŠ³ç¹ããã©ã®ã
ããªã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãè¯ãã®ããææ¡ããããŸããã©ã®ããã«ããã倧ç»é¢ç°å¢ã«ãããŠäœ¿
ããããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã«ãªãããšããããšãšåæã«ãMark Weiser ã D.A.Norman ããæå±
ããŠããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ç°å¢ã«è¿ã¥ããŠããããã«ã©ããããããããšããããšã«éç¹ã眮ã
ãŠææ¡ããŠããã
4.1 ããã€ã¹
æãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã§ã¯ãæã«ã»ã³ãµã®ã€ããæè¢ãªã©ã®ããã€ã¹ãè£
çããããš
ãå€ããããã«ã¯æ§ã
ãªçç±ãããããããã€ã¹ãçšããæ倧ã®çç±ã¯ããæ£ç¢ºã§ãã现ã
ãåäœãè¡ãããããã§ãããçŸåšã®æè¡ã§ã¯äººã®æã®çŽ°ããåããããã€ã¹ãªãã§æ£ç¢ºã«
ææ¡ããããšãå°é£ã§ããããŸããæã®äœçœ®ãªã©ã 3 次å
ã§ææ¡ããããšãé£ããããªã®ã§ã
è€éãªäœæ¥ãäŸãã°ã现ããå³åœ¢ã®æç»ãªã©ã«ã¯ã©ãããŠãããã€ã¹ã®è£
çãå¿
èŠã«ãªã£ãŠ
ããŸãã
äžæ¹ãããã€ã¹ãçšãããªãå ŽåãçŸåšã®æè¡ã§ã¯ãããã€ã¹ãçšããå Žåãšæ¯ã¹ãŠãæ£
確ãã«æ¬ ãã3 次å
ã®åº§æšã¯èª¿ã¹ã«ããã现ããåäœãææ¡ãã«ãããšãã£ãåé¡ç¹ãããã
ãããã倧äœã®åããåäœãèªèããããšãªãã°å¯èœã§ããããã®ãããç°¡åãªäœæ¥ãäŸã
ã°ãæç« ã web ã®é²èŠ§ã倧äœã®äœçœ®ã«ãªããžã§ã¯ãã移åãããããšãªã©ãè¡ãã«ã¯ååã§
ãããä»®ã«ãããã€ã¹ãªã㧠3 次å
ã®äœçœ®åº§æšã现ããªåããææ¡ããããšãåºæ¥ãæè¡ã
ããã®ãªãã°ãããã€ã¹ãªã©ãäžåãããªããªãããããªãã°ãŠããã¿ã¹ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã®ç
æ³åœ¢ã«è¿ã¥ãããšã«ãªãã
æ¬æ¥ãªãã°ãæ£ç¢ºæ§ãªã©ãäžããããã«æã«ããã€ã¹ãªã©ãè£
çãããã¹ããªã®ã§ããã
ããæ¬ç 究ã§æã«ããã€ã¹ãçšãããªãã£ãã®ã«ã¯çç±ããããããã¯ãæ¬ç 究ã®ç®æšã®äž
ã€ãšã㊠D.A.Norman ã®æå±ãã âInvisible Computerâ ã«ãããD.A.Norman ã®èæž [2] ã«ãã
ãšãâthe technology of the computer fades away out of sight,and the new technology that replace it
is as readily accepted and easy to use as a cassette tape recorder or CD player.â ã«ãããã€ãŸããã³
ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿æè¡ã¯ç®ã«èŠããªããšããã«ãããåããæãæè¡ã«åã£ãŠä»£ããããšã âInvisible
Computerâ ã®ç®çã§ããããã®ãããããã€ã¹ãçšããŠããŸããšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿æè¡ãåé¢ã«
æ¥ãŠããŸãããšã«ãªããããã§ãæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ãçŸåšã®æè¡ã§å°ãã§ã âInvisible Computerâ ã«
è¿ã¥ããããããããŠæã«ããã€ã¹ãè£
çãããªãã£ãã
12
20. 4.2 çžå¯Ÿåº§æšæå®ãšçµ¶å¯Ÿåº§æšæå®
ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãèšèšããäžã§ãã«ãŒãœã«ãåããããšãå¿
èŠã«ãªã£ãŠããããã®ã«ãŒãœ
ã«ã®ç§»åã«ã€ããŠãçžå¯Ÿåº§æšæå®ã«ãã移åãšçµ¶å¯Ÿåº§æšæå®ã«ãã移åãšãã 2 çš®é¡ã«åã
ãããšãã§ãããçžå¯Ÿåº§æšæå®ã«ãã移åãšã¯ãããŠã¹ã®ããã«åããããããã®åããã
éã«ããããŠã«ãŒãœã«ã移åããããäžæ¹ã絶察座æšæå®ã«ãã移åãšã¯ãã¿ããããã«ã®ã
ãã«æããäœçœ®ã«ã«ãŒãœã«ãæã£ãŠããããã«ã絶察çãªåº§æšãæå®ããããšã«ãã£ãŠãã«ãŒ
ãœã«ãåããã
倧æµã®ããã€ã¹ã¯ãã®ã©ã¡ããã§ã«ãŒãœã«ãåãããŠãããçžå¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå®ãšçµ¶å¯Ÿäœçœ®
座æšæå®ã¯ã©ã¡ãã®æ¹ãåªããŠãããã¯é£ãããšããã§ããããã©ã¡ãã®åº§æšæå®ãå©çšã
ããã«ã€ããŠã¯ããã€ã¹ã«ãã£ãŠç°ãªããäžè¬çã«ã¯ãç»é¢ãçŽæ¥æã瀺ãçããŠã«ãŒãœã«
äœçœ®ãæå®ããããã€ã¹ãå©çšããå Žåã«ã¯çµ¶å¯Ÿåº§æšæå®ãå©çšãããããã§ãªãããã€ã¹
ã®åããã倧ãããªã©ã§ã«ãŒãœã«ã®ç§»åéã決ããå Žåã«ã¯çžå¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå®ãå©çšãããã
çžå¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå®ãšçµ¶å¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå®ã«ã€ããŠåé¡ãããã®ãè¡š 4.1 ã§ããã
è¡š 4.1: 座æšæå®æ¹æ³ã®åé¡
çžå¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå® çµ¶å¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå®
ããŠã¹ ã¿ããããã«
ãžã§ã€ã¹ãã£ã㯠ã¹ã¿ã€ã©ã¹ãã³
ã¿ããããã
ã§ã¯ãæãçšããŠã«ãŒãœã«ãåãããšããçžå¯Ÿåº§æšæå®ã«ãããã絶察座æšæå®ã«ããã
ã¯è°è«ã®äœå°ããããããã§éèŠãªã®ã¯ãã«ãŒãœã«ãã©ã®ããã«ããŠåããããšããããšã§
ãããäŸãã°ãçŽæ¥ç»é¢ãæã瀺ãããšã§ã«ãŒãœã«ãåããå Žåã¯çµ¶å¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå®ãæã
åããã移åéã«å¿ããŠã«ãŒãœã«ãåããå Žåã¯çžå¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå®ã§ã«ãŒãœã«ã移åãããã
ãŸããã©ã¡ãã®äœçœ®åº§æšæå®ãçšãããã§æ³šæããªããã°ãªããªãç¹ãå€ãã£ãŠããã
絶察座æšæå®ã®å ŽåããŠãŒã¶ãæã瀺ããäœçœ®ã«ã«ãŒãœã«ãæã£ãŠããããã«ãããã«ç²Ÿ
床ãè¯ãããããåé¡ã«ãªãããã®åé¡ã«ãããæ倧ã®åé¡ã¯èšç®ãããããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®
é¢ãæ£ç¢ºã«ããŠããã«ã¡ã©ãªã©ã®ããŒãã®é¢ã®ç²ŸåºŠãäžããã®ã¯éåžžã«é£ããããã®äžãæ
å·®ãã§ã«ãŒãœã«ãæã£ãŠããå Žåãæã瀺ããå±
å Žæãæ£ç¢ºã«æã瀺ããããšèšã£ãåé¡ã
ããããã®ãããæå³ããå Žæã«ã«ãŒãœã«ãããã«æã£ãŠããããšã¯é£ããããŸã现ããå
ãããããããšãé£ãããªã£ãŠãããããã§ãæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ãçžå¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšæå®ã«ãã£ãŠã«ãŒ
ãœã«ãåããããã«ããã
ãã ããçžå¯Ÿäœçœ®åº§æšã«ãã移åã«ã€ããŠããããã« 2 ã€ã«åããããšãã§ãããã²ãšã€
ã¯ãããŠã¹ã®ããã«åãããŠããéã ãåããã®ã§ãããããã²ãšã€ã¯ããžã§ã€ã¹ãã£ãã¯ã®
ããã«åŸããŠããéããã®åŸãã«ããããŠç§»åè·é¢ãå€åããããã®ã§ãããåè
ã®æ¹ã¯çŽ
åã®ç¶æ
ããã©ã®ãããåããããèŠãã®ã«å¯ŸããåŸè
ã¯åºæºç¹ããã©ã®ãããé¢ããŠãã
ãã§åããæ¹ã決ããã
ããã§éèŠãªããšã¯ãç®çã®äœçœ®ãŸã§ã«ãŒãœã«ãåããã®ã«ã©ãã ãããã€ã¹ãåãããª
13
23. 第5ç« ãããã¿ã€ãã®èšèšãšè©Šäœ
第 4 ç« ã§ææ¡ãããå
容ãåããæ¬ç« ã§ã¯æãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã®ãããã¿ã€ããèš
èšããã³è©Šäœãè¡ã£ãããã®ãããã¿ã€ãã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã説æããŠããã
5.1 ãããã¿ã€ãã®èšèš
æãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã®ãããã¿ã€ããšããŠã以äžã®ãããªæ©èœãæã£ããããã¿ã€
ããèšèšããã
⢠ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°ããã€ã¹
⢠æåå
¥å
ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°ããã€ã¹ãšããŠã®æ©èœã¯äž»ã«ããŠã¹ã®åäœãæã«åœãŠã¯ããããšã§å®çŸããã
æåå
¥åã«ã€ããŠã¯ãããŒããŒãããã®ãŸãŸå©çšããããã«ã¯ãããªããã工倫ãå¿
èŠã«ãª
ããããã§ãæ¬ãããã¿ã€ãã§ã¯ãåé³ã®å
¥åã«ããæåãå
¥åãã Popie[18] ãå©çšããã
ãã®ãããã¿ã€ãã®ç¹åŸŽã¯ä»¥äžã®ãšããã§ããã
1. ãŠãŒã¶ã®æã«ã¯äœãè£
çãããªã
2. äž¡æã«ããæäœãå¯èœ
1 ã®ç¹åŸŽã«ããããŠãŒã¶åŽã«å¶çŽãã»ãšãã©ãããããªãããšãã§ããããŸãã2 ã®ç¹åŸŽãå©
çšããããšã«ãããŠãŒã¶ã¯å¹
åºãæäœã倧ç»é¢äžã§è¡ãããšãã§ããã
5.1.1 ã·ã¹ãã ã®æ§æ
ãããã¿ã€ãã®ã·ã¹ãã æ§æã¯äž»ã«ã«å
¥åéšã»åŠçéšã»åºåéšã® 3 ã€ãããªãããããã
ã®åœ¹å²ã«ã€ããŠã¯ä»¥äžã®ãšããã§ããã
å
¥åéš
ãã®éšåã§ã¯ãæã®åœ¢ç¶ãäœçœ®ãå
¥åãšããŠæ€åºãããæã®åœ¢ç¶ãäœçœ®ãæ€åºããããã«ã
èšç®æ©ã«æ¥ç¶ãããã«ã¡ã©ãããã£ããã£ããç»åãçšããããã®ãã£ããã£ããç»åã«åŠ
çãæœããŠæã®ã¿ãæœåºããããããæã®äœçœ®ã圢ç¶ãå€å¥ãããã®æ
å ±ãåŠçéšãžãšåã
æž¡ãã
16
24. åŠçéš
å
¥åéšããåããæ
å ±ãããšã«ãåäœã決å®ããããããã¿ã€ãã§ã®åäœã«ã€ããŠãæã
æ¡ã£ãŠãããã©ãã (æãæ¡ã£ãã grab ã§ãæãéããç¶æ
ã open ãšãã) ãšæã®äœçœ®ã«ãã£
ãŠåäœã決å®ãããæã®äœçœ®ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãå³æã®å Žåã¯åºæºç¹ããã©ããããåããŠãããã
å·Šæã®å Žåã¯ã©ã®å Žæã«ãããïŒäžã®æ¹ã§ããã° upperãçãäžä»è¿ãªãã° centerãäžã®ã»ã
ã§ããã° underïŒã«ãã£ãŠå®ããããŸããæãæ¡ãç¶ããŠããïŒgrab ã®ç¶æ
ãç¶æããŠããïŒ
ç¶æ
ã hold ãšãããäž»ãªåäœãšããŠã¯ãã«ãŒãœã«ã®ç§»åã»æ±ºå®ããã©ãã°ãPopie ã®èµ·åã§ã
ããåäœã«ã€ããŠã¯ãè¡š 5.1 ã®ãšããã§ããã
è¡š 5.1: åäœ
å³æã®åœ¢ç¶ å³æã®ç§»å å·Šæã®åœ¢ç¶ å·Šæã®äœçœ® ãã©ãã°äž åäœ
open â - - - ã«ãŒãœã«ã®ç§»å
openâgrab - - - - 決å®
- â openâgrab center à ãã©ãã°ã®éå§
- â hold center â ãã©ãã°
- - holdâopen center â ãã©ãã°ã®çµäº
- - openâgrab center ä»¥å€ Ã ã¹ã¯ããŒã«ã®éå§
- - hold upper à ã¹ã¯ããŒã«ã¢ãã
- - hold under à ã¹ã¯ããŒã«ããŠã³
- - holdâopen - à ã¹ã¯ããŒã«ã®çµäº
- à openâhold center à Popie ãèµ·å
ãªããè¡š 5.1 äžã® â-â ã¯ãã®ç¶æ
ã«ãããªãããšã瀺ããâãÃã¯ãã®åäœãè¡ãããåŠãã
瀺ããŠããããŸãããã©ãã°äžãšã¯ãã©ãã°ã®åŠçäžã§ãããåŠãã瀺ããŠããã
åºåéš
åŠçéšã§æ±ºå®ããåäœãåºåãšããŠå®è¡ããã
5.2 ãããã¿ã€ãã®è©Šäœ
5.2.1 éçºç°å¢
è©Šäœã·ã¹ãã ã®å®è£
ã«ã¯ãVC++ãå©çšããã«ã¡ã©ããã®ç»åã®ååŸãç»åãåŠçãããã
ã®ã©ã€ãã©ãªãšããŠã€ã³ãã«ç€ŸãæäŸããŠãã OpenCV[21] ãå©çšããããŸããã«ã¡ã©ã¯ã¢ãŒ
ãã¬ã€ç€Ÿã® USB ã«ã¡ã© (ARTCAM-130MI) ãå©çšãã
倧ãŸããªã·ã¹ãã å³ã¯å³ 5.1 ã®ããã«ãªã£ãŠãããå³ 5.1 ã®å
ãæã®åœ¢ç¶èªèãŸã§ãå
¥åéšã
åäœã®æ±ºå®ãåŠçéšãåºåãåºåéšã«åœããã
17
25. å³ 5.1: ã·ã¹ãã å³
5.2.2 æã®åŠç
ã·ã¹ãã å
šäœã®å®è£
ã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããåã«ããŸãã¯ãæãéèŠã§ããæã®äœçœ®ã圢ç¶ã®èª
èã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããã
ååŠç
æã®äœçœ®ææ¡ãæã®åœ¢ç¶èªèãè¡ãåã«ãæãã©ãã«ããã®ããšããåè£ãçµãããã«ã«
ã¡ã©ãããã£ããã£ããç»åãç·šéããå¿
èŠããããããã§ãååŠçãšããŠãèæ¯å·®åãšè
è²æœåºãè¡ãã
ãŸãã¯ãäºãæ®åœ±ããèæ¯ç»å (å³ 5.2) ãšã«ã¡ã©ãããã£ããã£ããŠããç»å (å³ 5.3) ãšã®
å·®åããšãããã®ãšããåç»çŽ ã«ã€ããŠãäžå®ã®éŸå€ä»¥äžã®å Žåã¯ãã£ããã£ããç»åã®ç»
çŽ ã¯ãã®ãŸãŸã«ããéŸå€æªæºã®å Žåã«ã¯ 0 ãšãããããã«ãããèæ¯ãšäººç©ãšãåé¢ããã
ããšãå¯èœã§ãã (å³ 5.4)ãããã«ããã®å·®åç»åã YCC è¡šè²ç³»ã«å€æãããYCC è¡šè²ç³»ãš
㯠YCbCr ãšãåŒã°ããY ã¯èŒåºŠãCb ã¯éã®è²å·®ãCr ã¯èµ€ã®è²å·®ããããããRGB ãã YCC
è¡šè²ç³»ãžã®å€æåŒã¯ä»¥äžã®ãšããã§ããã
Y = 0.29900 â R + 0.58700 â G + 0.11400 â B(0 †Y †255)
Cb = â0.16874 â R â 0.33126 â G + 0.50000 â B + 128(0 †Cb †255)
Cr = 0.50000 â R â 0.41869 â G â 0.08131 â B + 128(0 †Cr †255)
YCC è¡šè²ç³»ã«å€æããçç±ãšããŠãRGB ã®å Žåãšæ¯ã¹ãŠè²å·®ãèŒåºŠãæ¯èŒãããããããã
ãèè²ãæœåºããããããã§ãã [22]ãèè²ãšäžèšã§èšã£ãŠããçœã£ãœãè²ããé»ã£ãœãè²
ãŸã§æ§ã
ã§ãããããRGB å€ã®ã¿ã§èè²ã®ãã£ã«ã¿ãäœæããããšã¯éåžžã«å°é£ã§ããã
YCC è¡šè²ç³»ã«å€æãããç»åãå
ã«èè²æœåºãè¡ããæ¡ä»¶ã«åœãŠã¯ãŸãç»çŽ ãèè²ã§ãã
ãšå€æãããããã§ã¯ã以äžã®éŸå€ã«åœãŠã¯ãŸããã®ãèè²ãšå€æãã [23]ã
Y < 200
Cr < 170
Cb + 0.6 â Cr < 200
18
26. åç»çŽ ã«ã€ããŠäžèšã®éŸå€ã«åœãŠã¯ãŸããã®ãèè²é åãšããŠäºå€åããæåŸã«ãã€ãºãå
ãé€ãããã®ãããªåŠçãå
šãŠæœããæçµçãªçµæã¯å³ 5.5 ã«ãªãã
å³ 5.2: èæ¯ å³ 5.3: ãã£ããã£ç»å
å³ 5.4: èæ¯å·®åãåã£ãç»å å³ 5.5: èè²æœåºã®çµæ
æã®äœçœ®ææ¡
æã®äœçœ®ææ¡ãè¡ãå Žåãæ§ã
ãªæ¹æ³ãèããããããããã§ã¯ååŠçã§æãšè
ã®ã¿ãæœ
åºããé¡ãªã©ã¯æ ã£ãŠããªããšä»®å®ããããã®äžã§æãã®äœçœ®ã«ããããæ¢ãå Žåãæã®ã©
ã®åº§æšãæ€åºããã¹ãããåé¡ã«ãªããæã®ã¿ãå®å
šã«æœåºãããŠããå Žåã¯ãã©ã®åº§æšã
調ã¹ãŠãåé¡ã¯ãªãããå³ 5.6 ã®ããã«èè²ã«äŒŒãæãåãã§ãçãŠããå Žåã¯è
ãŸã§æœåºã
ãã (å³ 5.7)ããã®ãããå·Šäžã®åº§æšã§æ€åºãè¡ã£ãå Žåã¯è
ãæ€åºããŠããŸããããã§ãå·Š
äžã§ã¯ãªããå³äžã®åº§æšãæ€åºããããšã§ãè
ãªã©ã®äœèšãªç®æãæ€åºããã«æã ããæ€åº
å¯èœã«ãªãã
19
27. å³ 5.6: è
ãŸã§æœåºãããäŸ å³ 5.7: çµæ
æã®åœ¢ç¶èªè
æãšèªèããç¯å²ã®ç»åã«ã€ããŠãæãæ¡ã£ãŠãããåŠãã調ã¹ãæ¹æ³ã¯è²ã
ãšããããæ¬
ãããã¿ã€ãã§ã¯æã®æ°ãã調ã¹ãŠãã [20]ãæã®æ°ã¯æ¬ãããã¿ã€ãã§ã¯ãç»åã®åçž®ãš
èšåŒµåŠçãè¡ãããšã§èª¿ã¹ãŠãããæé ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãšããã§ããã
1. æã®ç»åãäœåãåçž®åŠçãè¡ã
2. 1 ã®ç»åã«ã€ããŠãããã«èšåŒµåŠçãäœåãè¡ãã
ãã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãæã¯æã®å¹³ãã现ãããšãå©çšããŠãããæã®ç»å (å³ 5.8) ã«å¯ŸããŠåçž®åŠçã
äœåãè¡ããšæã®éšåã¯æ¶ããããæã®ã²ãã®éšåã¯æ®ãããã®ç»åã«å¯ŸããŠèšåŒµåŠçãæœ
ãã°ãæã®ã²ãã®éšåã ãã埩å
ããã (å³ 5.9)ããããŠãäºã€ã®å·®åããšãããšã§ãæã®é¢
ç©ã調ã¹ãããšãã§ããã
å³ 5.8: åç»å å³ 5.9: å³ 5.8 ã«å¯ŸããŠåçž®ã»èšåŒµåŠçãæœããç»å
20
28. å³ 5.10: æãæ¡ã£ãŠããç»å å³ 5.11: å³ 5.10 ã«å¯ŸããŠåçž®ã»èšåŒµåŠçãæœããç»å
æãéããŠããç¶æ
ã§ã¯ãå³ 5.8 ãšå³ 5.9 ããåããããã«äºã€ã®ç»åã®éããã¯ã£ããã
ãŠãããããæãéããŠãããšå€æããããšãã§ãããäžæ¹ãå³ 5.10 ãšå³ 5.11 ã®ããã«æã
æ¡ã£ãŠããç¶æ
ã§åæ§ã®åŠçãè¡ã£ãå Žåã¯ã»ãšãã©éããèŠãããªããããæ¡ã£ãŠãããš
å€æããããšãã§ããã
5.2.3 äž¡æã®åæåŠç
5.2.2 ã§èª¬æããæ¹æ³ãæ¬ãããã¿ã€ãã§ã¯äž¡æã«å©çšããŠããããã ãããã£ããã£ãã
ç»åã®å
šåã«ã€ããŠæäœãè¡ãããã§ã¯ãªããæ¬ãããã¿ã€ãã§ã¯ãå³ 5.12 ã®ããã«å³æé
å (å³ 5.12 äžã®èµ€ã®ç©åœ¢é åå
) ãšå·Šæã®é å (å³ 5.12 äžã®çœã®ç©åœ¢é åå
) ã«åããããã
ãã®é åã«ã€ããŠãæã®äœçœ®ã圢ç¶ã®èªèãè¡ãããã ããå·Šæã®æã®äœçœ®ãæ€åºãããšã
ã¯å³äžã®åº§æšãæ€åºããã®ã§ã¯ãªããå·Šäžã®åº§æšãæ€åºããå¿
èŠãããã
å³ 5.12: èµ°æ»é åã®åå² å³ 5.13: åºæºç¹ãšæã®é å
21
33. å³ 5.19: ã¹ã¯ããŒã«äž
åãè¡ãããšãåºæ¥ããäŸãã°ãâç°äžâ ãšå
¥åãããå ŽåãâTNKâ ãšåé³ãå
¥åããŠå€æå
è£ãã âç°äžâ ãéžæããããšã§å
¥åããã
Popie ã¯ããšããšã¯ãã³ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹åãã®æåå
¥åã·ã¹ãã ã§ããããæ¬ãããã¿ã€ã
ã§ã¯ãåºæ¬çã«ã¯ãã®ãŸãŸå©çšããããã ãããã®ãšãã®ã«ãŒãœã«ã®ç§»åã«ã€ããŠã¯ Popie ã
å©çšããããããã«èª¿æŽããŠããã
å³ 5.20: Popie ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹
26
34. 第6ç« è©äŸ¡ãšä»åŸã®èª²é¡
第 5 ç« ã§èšèšãããããã¿ã€ãã«ã€ããŠãæ¬ç« ã§ã¯ãæ¬ãããã¿ã€ããè©Šçšããè©äŸ¡ããã
ãŸãå®è£
ããæ©èœã®ã»ãã«ã©ã®ãããªæ©èœãå¿
èŠã«ãªã£ãŠãããã«ã€ããŠè°è«ããããŸããæ¬
ãããã¿ã€ããå©çšäŸã«ã€ããŠãèããã
6.1 è©Šçšã«ããè©äŸ¡
å®éã«èšèšãããããã¿ã€ããå©çšããŠãweb ããŒãžã®é²èŠ§ããã€ã³ããæåå
¥åãªã©ã³
ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿äžã§ããè¡ãäœæ¥ãããŠã¿ãããã®çµæå€æããåé¡ç¹ãªã©ãããã€ããŸãšããŠ
ã¿ãã
6.1.1 移å
æãå©çšããå Žåããã¯ãããŠã¹ãªã©ãšæ¯ã¹ãŠçŽ°ããåäœã¯é£ãããäŸãã°ãweb ããŒãž
ã®ãªã³ã¯ãã¯ãªãã¯ãããããªå Žåããã®ã¿ãŒã²ãããããçšåºŠã®å€§ãããªãã°å®¹æã«ã«ãŒ
ãœã«ãåãããŠã¯ãªãã¯ããããšãã§ãããäžæ¹ãã¿ãŒã²ãããå°ããå Žåãã«ãŒãœã«ãå°
ãã ãããããšããããšãå°é£ã§ãããããã«ãŒãœã«ãåãããã®ãå°é£ã ã£ãã
ãã®ãããªåé¡ãçããåå ãšããŠã¯ã移åéã®èšå®ã«ãããæ¬ãããã¿ã€ãã§ã¯ç§»åé
ã¯åºæºç¹ãšã®è·é¢ã«æ¯äŸããŠããããã®ãããå¢å ã®å²åã¯åžžã«äžå®ã§ãããã移åéã®åŸ®
調æŽãéåžžã«é£ããããã®ãããªåé¡ã解決ããããã«ã¯ãæãåºæºç¹ããè¿ããã°ç§»åé
ãããå°ããããé¢ããã«åŸã£ãŠç§»åéãææ°é¢æ°çã«å¢å ããããªã©ãæãè¿ãã«ããå Ž
åãšé¢ããŠããå Žåã§å¢å ã®å²åãå€ããŠãããã°ããã
ããããé¢ããå Žæã«ã«ãŒãœã«ãæã£ãŠããã®ã¯éåžžã«æ¥œã§ãã£ããããŠã¹ãšã¯ç°ãªããåº
æºç¹ããé¢ããŠããéã ãåãç¶ãããããäžåºŠæãåããã°ååãªãããæã®ç§»åéã¯é
åžžã«å°ãªããŠæžãã ã
6.1.2 æåå
¥å
æåå
¥åã«ã€ããŠã¯ Popie ããã®ãŸãŸå©çšãã圢ã§ããããã²ãšã€åé¡ãããããã㯠Popie
ã¯ããšããšã¯ãã³å
¥åã®ããã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã§ããããã® Popie ã®åäœã«ãããã¿ã€ãã®
ã«ãŒãœã«ã®ç§»åæ¹æ³ãããããããšã§ãããæ¬æ¥ãªãã°ãæã®åãã«åãã㊠Popie ã®åäœ
ã調æŽããã®ã奜ãŸããããªããªããPopie ã®åäœã«ããããã®ã§ãPopie ãå©çšããŠãããš
27
35. ãã ãæäœæ¹æ³ãå€ãã£ãŠããŸããããŠãŒã¶ã®æ··ä¹±ãæããããªããã€ãŸãããããã¿ã€ã
ã®åäœã«ããã㊠Popie ã®åäœã調æŽããæ¹ã奜ãŸãããäŸãã°ãå³æã§åé³ã®å
¥åãè¡ãã
å·Šæã§å€æåè£ã®éžæãè¡ãããã« Popie ã調æŽããã
6.1.3 åäœã®ç¢ºèª
èšèšãããããã¿ã€ãã§æãåé¡ãªã®ã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãä»ã©ã®åäœãè¡ã£ãŠãããã®ç¢ºèªãã
ãã®ãé£ããããšã§ãããäŸãã°ãã«ãŒãœã«ã®ç§»åã«ã€ããŠã移åæ¹åãéã決ããããã®
åºæºç¹ã¯å³ 5.12 ã®ãããªèªèçµæã®ç»é¢ãèŠãªããã§ã¯ãªããšé£ããããã®ããããã®ç»é¢
ãä»ã®ãŠã£ã³ããŠã§é ããŠããŸãå Žåãæå³ããæ¹åã«ã«ãŒãœã«ã移åãããããšèªäœã倧
å€ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãããŸããæãæ¡ã£ãŠãã€ããã§ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿åŽãèªèããŠããªããšãã
ããšã確èªãã¥ãããšãã£ãåé¡ãããã
ãã®ãããªåé¡ç¹ã解決ããæ¹æ³ãšããŠã¯ãèªèçµæã®ç»é¢ãåžžã«ãŠãŒã¶ã®ç®ã«èŠããäœ
眮ã«è¡šç€ºãããããã«ç»é¢ãèªåçã«ç§»åãããŸããã®ç»é¢å
ã«çŸåšã©ã®åäœã ãšèªèããŠ
ãããã衚瀺ãããããšãèããããããããããã®ãšã泚æããªããã°ãªããªãç¹ã¯ãã
ã®ç»é¢ã®è¡šç€ºäœçœ®ããŠãŒã¶ã®äœæ¥ã®éªéã«ãªããªãäœçœ®ã«è¡šç€ºããªããã°ãªããªãã
6.2 ä»åŸã®èª²é¡
è©Šçšã§åŸãããåé¡ç¹ä»¥å€ã«ãæãçšãã倧ç»é¢åãã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãèšèšããã«åœãã£
ãŠå¿
èŠãªããšã«ã€ããŠæ¬ç¯ã§ã¯è°è«ããŠããã
6.2.1 ãã£ãŒãããã¯
æãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã«ãããŠããã£ãŒãããã¯ã®äžãæ¹ã¯è°è«ã®äœå°ããããæã
çšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã«ãããŠã»ãããã£ãŒãããã¯ã¯çŸåšã«ãŒãœã«ãã©ãã«ããããšæã
ã©ã®äœçœ®ã«ãã£ãŠã©ãããåäœãè¡ã£ããããŠãŒã¶åŽã«ç€ºãããšã§ããã
ããçšåºŠã¯ãªããå Žæããæã§æäœããå Žåãã¬ãŒã¶ãŒãã€ã³ã¿ã®ããã«ç»é¢ãçŽæ¥æã
瀺ãããšãã§ããªãããããã£ãŒãããã¯ããã£ããäžããªããã°ã«ãŒãœã«ãªã©ãèŠå€±ããæ
äœã«æ¯éãããããããªãããã®ãããªèªäœãåé¿ããããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ããã€ãèãããããæ
ãåçŽãªæ¹æ³ãšããŠã¯ãã«ãŒãœã«ãç®ç«ãããããšãéèŠã«ãªã£ãŠãããã«ãŒãœã«ãç®ç«ãã
ãæãç°¡åãªæ段ãšããŠã¯ã«ãŒãœã«ã倧ããããããšã§ãããããããããã ãã§ã¯ã«ãŒãœã«
ãèŠå€±ã£ããšãã«èŠã€ããã®ã«æéãããã£ãŠããŸãããã®åé¡ã«å¯ŸããŠãäŸãã°ãWindows
ã§ã¯ããŠã¹ã®èšå®ãå€æŽããããšã§ã§ Ctrl ããŒãæŒãããšã§ã«ãŒãœã«ã®äœçœ®ã衚瀺ãããã
ãšãã§ããã
ãŸãããžã§ã¹ãã£ãªã©ã®åäœãè¡ã£ãå Žåã«ã€ããŠããæå³ããåäœããªãããŠãããã©
ãããšããããšããã£ãŒãããã¯ãšããŠäžããããšã§ããŠãŒã¶ã¯æå³ããåäœã§ãããåŠã
ã確èªããããšãã§ãããå€ãã® GUI ã§ã¯ãåäœã«ãã£ãŠã«ãŒãœã«ã®åœ¢ãå€åãã (å³ 6.1)ã
28
37. ããã§ãåŸæ¥ã®ãããªã¡ãã¥ãŒãå©çšããã®ã§ã¯ãªããFlowMenu[8] çãšãã£ãã¡ãã¥ãŒ
ãå©çšããããCrossY[7] ãªã©ã®ããã«æšªåãããšã§ã¡ãã¥ãŒãéžæããææ³ãå©çšããã
ããæ¹ã䜿ãåæããããªããäŸãã°ãæ¬ãããã¿ã€ãã§æåå
¥åãšããŠå©çšãã Popie ã¯
FlowMenu ãå©çšããŠããã
ãŸããæ¢åã®ç 究ãå©çšããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã倧ç»é¢åãã«äœ¿ããããã¡ãã¥ãŒãèããã®ã
ã²ãšã€ã®æ¹æ³ã§ãããäŸãã°ãã«ãŒãœã«ã®è¿ãã«ããã€ãã¡ãã¥ãŒãæµ®ãã¶ããã«é
眮ãã
ãŠããŠããŠãŒã¶ããã®ã¡ãã¥ãŒã«ã«ãŒãœã«ãè¿ã¥ãããšãã¡ãã¥ãŒã®æ¹ããå¯ã£ãŠããŠããŠãŒ
ã¶ã¯ãããéžæããã ãã§ãããã£ãæ¹æ³ããããããã§éèŠãªããšã¯ããŠãŒã¶ããèŠãã
ãããã€éžæããããã¡ãã¥ãŒãèšèšããããšã§ãããäŸãã°ããã©ãŠã¶ãéããŠããå Žåã
äžå®æéã«ãŒãœã«ããšã©ããŠãããšå³ 6.5 ã®ããã«ããå©çšããã¡ãã¥ãŒãåºãŠããããã
ã§ãæ»ãã®ãã¿ã³ã«è¿ã¥ããšãã®ãã¿ã³ãã«ãŒãœã«ã«åžãä»ãããã«ããïŒå³ 6.6ïŒã
å³ 6.5: æµ®ããã§ããã¡ãã¥ãŒ å³ 6.6: æ»ããã¿ã³ã«è¿ã¥ããå Žå
6.2.3 ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãžã®å©çš
æ¬ãããã¿ã€ããå©çšããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³äŸã«ã€ããŠèããŠã¿ãããŸãããã®ãšãèã
ãªããã°ãªããªãããšã¯ãæãçšããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã¯é·æéã®äœæ¥ã«ã¯ããŸãåããããŸ
ãããŠã¹ãªã©ãšæ¯ã¹ãŠç²Ÿå¯ãªåããããããšãé£ãããšããããšã§ãããã€ãŸããæç« äœæ
ããã€ã³ãçãšãã£ãäœæ¥ã«ã¯åããªããšèããããã
ããã§ã¯ãçæéã§è¡ãäœæ¥ã«ã€ããŠèããŠã¿ããšããã¬ãŒã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ã調ã¹ç©ã®ãã
ã«ç°¡åãªãã©ãŠãžã³ã°ãè¡ãçãšããããšãããããŸãã¯ãæ¬ãããã¿ã€ãã®ç¹åŸŽãããã
ãŠäœã倧ç»é¢äžã§äŒèšãæ®ããããªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãèšèšãããªã©ãæ§ã
ãªå©çšäŸããã
ãšèããããã
30
38. 第7ç« é¢é£ç 究
Daniel Vogel ãã¯æã«ããã€ã¹ãè£
çããããšã§ã倧ç»é¢ãæå·®ãããšã§ã«ãŒãœã«ã®ç§»å
ãè¡ãããŸããæãåããããšã§ã¯ãªãã¯ã®åäœãè¡ãã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãéçºããŠãã [3]ã
Daniel Vogel ãã®ç 究ã®ç®çã¯ã倧ç»é¢ãé¢ããå ŽæããæãçšããŠçŽæ¥æäœãããŸã倧ç»é¢
ã 3 次å
空éäžã§èµ°æ»ããããšã§ãããDaniel Vogel ãã®ç 究ã§ã¯ã«ãŒãœã«ãåãããã¯ãªã
ã¯ãè¡ãã ãã ããæ¬ç 究ã¯æåå
¥åãå¯èœãªã©ããå¹
åºãåäœãå¯èœã«ãªã£ãŠããã
ãŸããæšæãã¯æ ç»ããã€ããªãã£ã»ãªããŒããã«ç»å ŽããåºèŠéãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€ãšãžã§ã¹
ãã£æäœã®çµã¿åããã«ããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ [13] ãèšèšããŠããããã®ç 究ã§ã¯ããžã§ã¹ãã£
ã«ããåºèŠéã®ã¯ã€ãç»é¢ã§æ ååçã»ç·šéã·ã¹ãã ãè©ŠäœããŠãããããããã·ã¹ãã èª
äœãè€éã§ãããããå©çšå¯èœãªå Žæãå¶éãããŠããŸãããŸãããžã§ã¹ãã£ã®çš®é¡ãå€ã
ããããŠãŒã¶ãå©çšããã«ããã£ãŠæ··ä¹±ãæãå¯èœæ§ãããã
äžæ¹ãMiyaoku ãã¯ãæã§ã¯ãªãæºåž¯é»è©±ãçšããŠå€§ç»é¢ãæäœããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ [6] ã
èšèšãããããã¯ãæºåž¯é»è©±ããè²çžå·®ãå©çšããå
ä¿¡å·ãéãããšã§ãã«ãŒãœã«ãåããã
ãç»åã貌ãä»ãããããããšãã§ãããæºåž¯é»è©±ãšããããã€ã¹ãå©çšããŠããããããŒ
ã¿ã®ããåããå¯èœã«ãªã£ãŠãããããããæ¬ç 究ãšéããèªåã®äœä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãå©çšãã
ãããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãå©çšããŠãããšããæèãéåžžã«åŒ·ããªãããŸããæºåž¯é»è©±ãæå
ã«
ãªããã°å€§ç»é¢ãæäœãããããšãã§ããªããããã«ãIwabuchi ãã® Natural Storage[10] ã®
çè«ãå©çšããããšã§ãããŒã¿ãäœã«ä¿åããããšãã§ãããããæºåž¯é»è©±ããªããŠãç»å
ãªã©ã®ããŒã¿ã倧ç»é¢äžã«è²Œãä»ããããšãã§ããããããã®ãããªããã€ã¹ãæã¡ãããª
ããŠãèšèšããããšãå¯èœã§ããã
31
41. åèæç®
[1] Mark Weiser. The computer for the twenty-ï¬rst century. In Scientiï¬c American, pp. 94â104,
September 1991.
[2] Donald A. Norman. THE INVISIBLE COMPUTER. THE MIT PRESS.Cambridge, Mas-
sachusetts, London, England.
[3] Daniel Vogel and Ravin Balakrishnan. Distant Freehand Pointing and Clicking on Very Large.
In UISTâ05,pp.33â42,2005.
[4] Shahzad Malik, Abhishek Ranjan, and Ravin Balakrishnan. Interacting with Large Displays
from a Distance with Vision-Tracked Multi-Finger Gestural Input. In UISTâ05,pp.43â52
[5] Azam Khan, George Fitzmaurice, Don Almeida, Nicolas Burtnyk, and Gordon Kurtenbach. A
Remote Control Interface for Large Displays. In UISTâ04,pp.127â136
[6] Kento Miyaoku, Suguru Higashino, and Yoshinobu Tonomura. C-Blink: A Hue-Difference-
Based Light Signal Marker for Large Screen Interaction via Any Mobile Terminal. In
UISTâ04,pp.147â156.
[7] Georg Apitz and Francois Guimbretiere CrossY: A Crossing-Based Drawing Application. In
UISTâ04,pp.3â12
[8] Francois Guimbretiere and Terry Winograd. FlowMenu: Combining command,text, and data
entry. In UIST2000,pp. 213â216.
[9] Ken Hinckley, Randy Pausch, Dennis Profï¬tt,and Neal F. Kassell. Two-Handed Virtual Manip-
ulation. In ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, Vol. 5, No. 3, September 1998,
pp.260â302.
[10] S. Iwabuchi, B. Shizuki, K. Misue, and J. Tanaka. Natural Storage in Human Body.
KES2005,Part IV, pp. 430â436.
[11] Xing Chen and James Davis. LumiPoint: Multi-user laser-based interaction on large tiled
displays. Displays,Vol. 23, pp. 205â211.
[12] Richard A. Bolt.â Put-that-there â: Voice and gesture at the graphics interface. SIGGRAPH
â80,1980, pp.262â270.
34
42. [13] æšæ æå, é¶Žç° åå², é
äº çç, é¬Œæ³ ç§å, æŽç° å²ä¹
, ç°æ ç§è¡. åºèŠéé»åäœæ¥ç©ºéã«
é¢ããèå¯ãšã·ã¹ãã è©ŠäœâŒãã€ããªãã£ã»ãªããŒãå I/F ãšãã®çºå±åœ¢. ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ã·ã§
ã³ 2005,pp.143â150.
[14] èµç°æŠå¿, èæ¢ æ£å
, å è€äžå, 倧ééå², åäžå圊. ãã³ãããŠã¹ãšãã®å¿çšïŒè²æ
å ±ãš
茪éæ
å ±ã«åºã¥ãæã®æ€åºãšè¿œè·¡æ æ
åŠæå ±,VIS2001-103,Vol.25,No.85,pp.47â52.
[15] äžæ è¡å², å¡æ¬ æ圊, 西尟 ç« æ²»æ. Protractor: æ©èœã®å¯èŠåã«æ³šç®ããäž¡ææäœå¯èœãªå³
圢æç»ã·ã¹ãã . WISS2000,pp.1â6.
[16] é³ æ¬£èŸ, 岡 å
Œåž, äžè¥¿ 泰人, äœè€ æŽäž, å°æ± è±æš¹ æºåã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã«ãããäž¡æçŽæ¥
æäœã«ããæç»ã·ã¹ãã . WISS2001,pp.179â184.
[17] é·æŸ€ 節, äžè¥¿ 泰人, å°æ± è±æš¹, äœè€ æŽäž. EnhancedWall: 倧åãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€ã«ãããé¡è¿œ
è·¡ã·ã¹ãã ã®å©çšãšãã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³. WISS2002,pp.105â110.
[18] äœè€å€§ä», å¿ç¯æ倪é, äžæµŠå
å, ç°äžäºé. ãã³ã«ããã¡ãã¥ãŒéžæã«åºã¥ãåé³ãçšã
ãæ¥æ¬èªå
¥åææ³. ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ã·ã§ã³ 2004 è«æé,pp.205â206.
[19] å°å±±æ
å, å°é寺å
, è岡è±æ, å±±åŽæ¬äž. ã¬ãŒã¶ãã€ã³ã¿ã«ããé éäœæ¥æ瀺æ¯æŽã·ã¹ã
ã ã®å®çšå¯èœæ§. ãã¥ãŒãã³ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã·ã³ããžãŠã 2000, pp. 435â438.
[20] å
¥æ± è倪, æ¢
ç° åæ, è¥æ çŽåŒ. ãžã§ã¹ãã£èªèãå©çšãããã³ã»ãã·ã³ã»ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒ
ã¹ã®æ§ç¯âã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ãã«ãŒã ãžã®é©çšâ. æ¥æ¬æ©æ¢°åŠäŒ [No.03-4] ãããã£ã¯ã¹ã»
ã¡ã«ãããã¯ã¹è¬æŒäŒ â03 è¬æŒè«æé,1A1-3F-D1(1)â1A1-3F-D1(2).
[21] Intel. http://www.intel.com/technology/computing/opencv/index.htm
[22] æŠå²¡ããã, å°ŸåŽæ£åŒ, 足é矩å. å人èªèšŒã®ããã®é¡ç»åæœåºãšé¡æ¹åã®èªåèªè. åå€
å±å¥³å倧åŠçŽèŠïŒïŒïŒäººã»ç€ŸïŒ, 2004, pp.145â151.
[23] OpenCV æ
å ± (for Win). http://ace.seman.cs.uec.ac.jp/ takahashi/OpenCV.htm.
35