This document presents a method for generating walking bass lines using hidden Markov models. It proposes three methods for defining hidden states and evaluates them objectively and subjectively. Method 3, which considers pitch class and metrical position, performed best by generating bass lines that were harmonically congruent, sequentially smooth, and preferred by an expert bassist over the ground truth. While effective, the approach has limitations like only handling short, simple chord progressions and more work is needed to address longer, more complex progressions and additional musical factors.
JamSketch: Improvisation Support System with GA-based Melody Creation from Us...kthrlab
This document describes JamSketch, a system that allows non-musicians to enjoy musical improvisation. It works by having users draw a melodic outline, then generates a melody in real-time to match the outline using a genetic algorithm. An experiment found that while JamSketch was inferior to experienced musicians, it performed as well or better than inexperienced musicians. Future work includes improving rhythm variation and considering relationships between pitch and rhythm.
1. The study analyzed bass melodies from Red Hot Chili Peppers albums before and after 1999 to investigate changes in the playing style of bassist Flea over time. Features related to pitch, duration, and note counts were extracted from MIDI data and used to accurately classify melodies as pre- or post-1999.
2. A second study investigated the relationship between verbal impressions of equalized vocal tones (e.g. warm, bright) and parametric equalizer settings. Participants evaluated modified vocal recordings and their responses were used to map impressions to frequency boosts and cuts.
3. The results of both studies could help develop music analysis and generation systems that incorporate stylistic changes over time or allow intuitive equalizer
The document discusses an improvisation support system called JamSketch that allows musical novices to enjoy creating music. JamSketch uses a simple drawing interface where users draw melodic outlines, and a genetic algorithm then generates a complete melody in real-time based on the outline. An experiment found the system-generated melodies were comparable to inexperienced human players but lacked human-likeness. Ongoing work aims to improve rhythm variety and allow input on smartphones or with eye tracking. The author believes systems should act as ghostwriters to support but not replace human musical ideas.
A Machine Learning Approach to Support Music Creation by Musically Untrained ...kthrlab
The document proposes a machine learning approach to support music creation by non-musicians. It describes an interface where users can edit melodies by redrawing melodic outlines or curves representing the pitch trajectory. A hidden Markov model is used to generate melodies that closely match the user's edited melodic outline while maintaining musical appropriateness, by transforming between the melody and its outline. The system aims to allow novices to input abstract musical ideas and generate pieces in an intuitive way powered by machine learning.
Extracting Melodic Contour Using Wavelet-based Multi-resolution Analysiskthrlab
The document proposes a wavelet-based multi-resolution analysis approach to extract melodic contour in a non-notewise and hierarchical manner. This approach represents melodies at different levels of resolution and abstraction through decomposition and reconstruction using the discrete wavelet transform. The approach is applied to tasks like repetition detection in melodies and measuring cognitive melodic similarity. The goals are to establish a theory of non-experts' melody cognition and develop a melody representation that is non-notewise and hierarchical.
8. このとき
x (身長)
y (髪の長さ)
男
男
男
女
女
女
女
y < x – 100 なら z = 1 を出力
3
2
y > x – 100 なら z = 0 を出力
3
2
この式は
どう作るの?
y = x – 100
3
2
あらかじめ用意したデータで識別誤りが
なくなるように、ココの部分を調整する
y = x – 100
3
2
たとえば、
としよう