21) The view that the major media in a country is predominantly owned by large corporations and therefore can control and filter information to the public that benefits its own interests would be a perspective supporting: A. The condition of hegemony Conflict Theory Symbolic interaction theory A & B A & C 22) Sociological studies support Durkheim’s theory that people who are married are less likely to commit suicide than people who are divorced. In this example, marital status is a (an): A. hypothesis. B. independent variable C. Dependent variable D. Random Variable. ** A variation 23) An operational definition of a concept informs others (readers of a study) how a concept is actually measured in the study. If it doesn’t do this then the definition is most likely a A. a false definition B. a bad definition C. no use as a definition D. a conceptual definition 24) Zygmunt Bauman, in his Chapter titled “ Us & Them” used the phrase the imaginary us in his discussion of Patriotism as Ideals we'd like to believe about our perceived in-group but may not be true. A. True B. False 25) There is an on-going argument in society over whether same-sex couples should have the right to get married . When that right was passed by some states in favor of gay marriage then what actually changed for everyone in these communities? a value a norm a law All of the above 26) In applying a type of economic exchange theory to understanding behavior, Foa's definition of aggression as "the intention of one person or group to take away a resource from another person or group " is an example of : A. a conceptual definition B. an operational definition C. a common sense definition D. all of the above 27) In a famous study by Stanley Milgram's on obedience *, a behavioristic definition of aggression was implemented by using variations of shock inflicted by one subject against another subject to measure the degree of aggression. This measure is an example of: A) a conceptual definition B) an operational definition C) a common sense definition D) all of the above *Even if we don’t cover this study by the time you take this exam…you still have enough information from the course to answer the main focus of the question at this point in time! 28) Durkheim’s use of the concept of anomie in explaining variations in suicide between different groups is based on the strength or vulnerability of one's agreement system at any one time. This agreement system can be reflected in one's A. religion, B. state of matrimony C. employability D. all of the above 29) In Lemert's labeling theory of deviance, primary deviance is considered to be temporary most of the time and others may normalize it. In other words, initial rule breaking may not establish a deviant identity in the public's eye until a public official or specialist makes the label stick. True False 30) From a .

1. 21)
The view that the major media
in a country is predominantly owned by large corporations and
therefore can
control and filter information to the public that benefits its own
interests
would be a perspective supporting:
A.
The condition of hegemony
Conflict Theory
Symbolic interaction theory
A & B
A & C
22) Sociological studies support Durkheim’s theory that people
who are married are less likely to commit suicide than people
who are divorced.
In this example, marital status is a (an):
A.
hypothesis.

2. B.
independent variable
C.
Dependent variable
D.
Random Variable.
** A variation
23) An operational
definition of a concept informs others (readers of a study) how a
concept
is actually measured in the study.
If it doesn’t do this then the definition is most likely
a
A. a false definition
B.
a bad definition

3. C.
no use as a definition
D.
a conceptual definition
24)
Zygmunt Bauman, in his Chapter titled “
Us & Them”
used the phrase
the imaginary
us
in his discussion of Patriotism as Ideals
we'd like
to believe about our perceived in-group but may not be true.
A. True
B. False
25) There is an on-going argument in society over whether

4. same-sex couples should have
the right
to get married
.
When that right was passed
by some states in favor of gay marriage then what actually
changed
for
everyone
in these communities?
a value
a norm
a
law
All of the above
26) In applying a type of economic exchange theory to
understanding behavior, Foa's definition of aggression
as "the intention of one person or group to take away a resource
from another person or group "
is an example of :
A. a conceptual definition
B. an operational definition
C. a common sense definition
D. all of the above
27) In

5. a famous study by Stanley Milgram's on obedience *,
a behavioristic definition of aggression was implemented by
using
variations of shock inflicted by one subject
against another subject
to measure the degree of aggression.
This measure is an example of:
A) a conceptual definition
B) an operational definition
C) a common sense definition
D) all of the above
*Even if we don’t cover
this study by the time you take this exam…you still have
enough information from the course to answer the main focus of
the question
at this point in time!
28) Durkheim’s use of the concept of
anomie
in explaining variations in suicide between different
groups is based on the
strength or vulnerability
of one's
agreement system at any one time. This agreement system can
be reflected in one's

6. A. religion,
B. state of matrimony
C. employability
D. all of the above
29) In Lemert's
labeling theory
of deviance,
primary deviance is considered to be temporary most of the time
and
others may
normalize it.
In other words, initial rule breaking may not establish a deviant
identity in the public's eye until a public official or specialist
makes the label stick.
True
False
30)
From a sociologically perspective, the Zimbardo prison study
and
the Solomon Asch conformity study
were similar in that they revealed the potential power of

7. dominant personalities over social positions and situational
roles . (Both studies are discussed in the Conley text!)
A.
true
B.
false
31) It only takes two people to create a language regardless of
how long it may endure.
a. True
b. False
32) In the
Pulp Fiction
movie example (pages
6 & 7 of the Conley text) is a good demonstration of how the
sociological imagination
can question whether examples of another cultures
agreement reality
are any more or less deviant from our own reality.
A. True
B. False
33) Conflict theory and structural functionalism are considered

8. to be both
macro and micro theories within sociology!
A. True
B. False
34) According to our sociology text,
symbolic interaction theory suggests
one’s
social identity
is basically the sum total of individual stories exchanged
and supported between pairs of individuals.
A. True
B. False
35)* Compared to students who go to college, students with
only high school
education tend to believe that race is primarily based on
biology,

9. whereas
more students
with a
college education believe race is socially constructed….i.e.,
difference in skin color, hair texture , thickness of lips, etc.,
are only
superficial difference of human beings and have no direct /real
biological
effect on personality, intellectual ability, general music ability ,
etc.
A research study revealed that the primary reason for this
education level difference is based on:
A. The degree of prejudice between family back grounds of
students who only have a high education.
B. The quality of textbooks and classes
on race between the two types of education.
C. Student experience with interracial contact is greater in
college than high school.
D. All of the above.

10. (*Material
for answering this question is in Chap #1 even though we will
not officially discuss race at length until Chapter9!)
36) Sociological research that supports that racial
discrimination is alive and well in sections of the
work
world of the United States can be found
by job applications being passed over because of :
A) zip codes
B) birth names
C) level of writing ability
D) all of the above
37) The meaning of consumerism or consumer culture as
covered in our sociology text refers to
A) psychological studies that support
positive benefits of advertising and shopping in the U.S.
economic system?

11. B) the belief that
happiness and fulfillment can be achieved through the
acquisition of material
possessions.
C) Both A & B
38)The
generalized other
is actually
similar to
status positions
in the everyday world in that
they both provide symbolic keys to making social life
predictable among strangers.
A) true
B) false
39
) The basic difference between

12. families
on the success of children moving through the educational
system , i.e. the inevitability of doing well in school and going
on to college were:
A) the social class of the parents
B) the differential quality of the schools (public as well as
private)
C) assessments of students early motivation in grade school
D) A & B
E)
B & C
40) The
strength of weak ties
is based on the degree of
________in
indirect paths within a social network.
A. structural holes

13. B. embeddedness
C.
Both A & B
D. All of the above