- Earth is entering a new geological epoch called the Anthropocene where human activity is the dominant influence on climate and the environment.
- We risk destabilizing our life support system by exceeding certain planetary boundaries defined as a "safe operating space for humanity."
- Immediate actions are needed in areas like energy, food systems, land use, and climate change to stay within these boundaries and work towards sustainability.
This presentation was delivered at an international workshop meeting of the European Environment and Sustainable Development Advisory Councils (EEAC) titled ‘Safe operating space – state and perspectives as a concept for national policy’. The workshop discussed how the concept of ecological or planetary boundaries/ safe operating space (PB/SOS), which derives from the principle of sustainability, could and should possibly play a relevant role in environmental policy programmes in future political frameworks.
Check against delivery.
Melissa Leach: Planetary boundaries, politics and pathways. Plenary dialogue,...STEPS Centre
Professor Melissa Leach, IDS Director and former STEPS Centre Director, gave this presentation as part of a Plenary Dialogue with Johan Rockstrom of the Stockholm Resilience Centre at the Resilience 2014 conference in Montpellier, France on 7 May 2014. Find out more: http://steps-centre.org/
Benefits of landscape restoration, with a focus on African dryland biomesNAP Events
Presented by: Olivier Maes
SESSION II: PLENARY – APPROACHES TO ADAPTATION IN SELECTED SECTORS
The session will set the context for approaches to adaptation by looking at: latest approaches on assessing impacts of climate change on agriculture and food security; applying disaster risk reduction as a pillar of national adaptation strategy in the Philippines; and The Hydrologic Corridor in Africa - an affordable and scalable approach to restore the water cycle and impact local climate through large scale landscape restoration, including rainwater harvesting, reforestation, soil regeneration and sustainable climate adapted agriculture.
Slides of talk presented at various forums on occasion of the 40th anniversary of the launching of Limits to Growth, the first report to the Club of Rome published in 1972. This book was one of the earliest scholarly works to recognize that the world was fast approaching its sustainable limits. Forty years later, the planet continues to face many of the same economic, social, and environmental challenges as when the book was first published.
This presentation was delivered at an international workshop meeting of the European Environment and Sustainable Development Advisory Councils (EEAC) titled ‘Safe operating space – state and perspectives as a concept for national policy’. The workshop discussed how the concept of ecological or planetary boundaries/ safe operating space (PB/SOS), which derives from the principle of sustainability, could and should possibly play a relevant role in environmental policy programmes in future political frameworks.
Check against delivery.
Melissa Leach: Planetary boundaries, politics and pathways. Plenary dialogue,...STEPS Centre
Professor Melissa Leach, IDS Director and former STEPS Centre Director, gave this presentation as part of a Plenary Dialogue with Johan Rockstrom of the Stockholm Resilience Centre at the Resilience 2014 conference in Montpellier, France on 7 May 2014. Find out more: http://steps-centre.org/
Benefits of landscape restoration, with a focus on African dryland biomesNAP Events
Presented by: Olivier Maes
SESSION II: PLENARY – APPROACHES TO ADAPTATION IN SELECTED SECTORS
The session will set the context for approaches to adaptation by looking at: latest approaches on assessing impacts of climate change on agriculture and food security; applying disaster risk reduction as a pillar of national adaptation strategy in the Philippines; and The Hydrologic Corridor in Africa - an affordable and scalable approach to restore the water cycle and impact local climate through large scale landscape restoration, including rainwater harvesting, reforestation, soil regeneration and sustainable climate adapted agriculture.
Slides of talk presented at various forums on occasion of the 40th anniversary of the launching of Limits to Growth, the first report to the Club of Rome published in 1972. This book was one of the earliest scholarly works to recognize that the world was fast approaching its sustainable limits. Forty years later, the planet continues to face many of the same economic, social, and environmental challenges as when the book was first published.
This path breaking model was the first that showed the interrelationship between different growing systems of the world, and how in the process of achieving infinite growth, finite natural resources would be depleted forming a Limit to Growth. Increasing pollution and loss of agricultural land would also affect growth and welfare.
On Wednesday, February 23, 2011, WRI and more than 25 partners launched Reefs at Risk Revisited, a comprehensive analysis of the threats to coral reefs. Find out more at http://bit.ly/hSWmhU
sustainable development & the water, energy food security nexus is discussed. The content throws light on sustainable development : Effects on the livelihood of common man.
Development, Environment and Sustainabilty–the triumvirate on Geographical FrameProf Ashis Sarkar
Development, Environment and Sustainability form the triumvirate of present day World. If human is to survive and development is to remain sustainable, the geographical issues and concerns should be the thrust of analysis.
Sustainable Development Goals: Research Communication Ideas to Accelerate the...Gregor Hagedorn
Abstract: Our future has never been more threatened. Nuclear war was possible, but inaction was basically good enough to avoid it so far. Today, we additionally face the prospect of an overpopulated, undernourished, inequitable, resource-depleted (water, minerals, genes), unsustainable world with self-increasing global warming, and wars for survival. Inaction under these conditions is deadly, and we need to move fast, building a sustainable, decarbonized, circular economy. Researchers of all disciplines need to become active! Better information management and research communication is essential for this, with most of the actions discussed at this conference contributing towards this goal. However: Can we add specific actions? What research is needed most? Can we prioritize some research-related actions to fulfill the requirements of the Sustainable Development Goals? How can we enable, harness and synthesize contributions from all disciplines to that end? What changes to research culture and the way we communicate research does this entail? We will a) organize an unconference workshop Friday morning - please watch the announcement - and b) present the collected ideas.
John Holdren on climate change challenge (Nantucket)Vincent Everts
John Holdren presented “Climate Change and the Cape & Islands: What We Know. What We Expect. What We Can Do.” on July 30, 2018 as part of the Geschke Lecture Series held at the Nantucket Atheneum.
This path breaking model was the first that showed the interrelationship between different growing systems of the world, and how in the process of achieving infinite growth, finite natural resources would be depleted forming a Limit to Growth. Increasing pollution and loss of agricultural land would also affect growth and welfare.
On Wednesday, February 23, 2011, WRI and more than 25 partners launched Reefs at Risk Revisited, a comprehensive analysis of the threats to coral reefs. Find out more at http://bit.ly/hSWmhU
sustainable development & the water, energy food security nexus is discussed. The content throws light on sustainable development : Effects on the livelihood of common man.
Development, Environment and Sustainabilty–the triumvirate on Geographical FrameProf Ashis Sarkar
Development, Environment and Sustainability form the triumvirate of present day World. If human is to survive and development is to remain sustainable, the geographical issues and concerns should be the thrust of analysis.
Sustainable Development Goals: Research Communication Ideas to Accelerate the...Gregor Hagedorn
Abstract: Our future has never been more threatened. Nuclear war was possible, but inaction was basically good enough to avoid it so far. Today, we additionally face the prospect of an overpopulated, undernourished, inequitable, resource-depleted (water, minerals, genes), unsustainable world with self-increasing global warming, and wars for survival. Inaction under these conditions is deadly, and we need to move fast, building a sustainable, decarbonized, circular economy. Researchers of all disciplines need to become active! Better information management and research communication is essential for this, with most of the actions discussed at this conference contributing towards this goal. However: Can we add specific actions? What research is needed most? Can we prioritize some research-related actions to fulfill the requirements of the Sustainable Development Goals? How can we enable, harness and synthesize contributions from all disciplines to that end? What changes to research culture and the way we communicate research does this entail? We will a) organize an unconference workshop Friday morning - please watch the announcement - and b) present the collected ideas.
John Holdren on climate change challenge (Nantucket)Vincent Everts
John Holdren presented “Climate Change and the Cape & Islands: What We Know. What We Expect. What We Can Do.” on July 30, 2018 as part of the Geschke Lecture Series held at the Nantucket Atheneum.
CONSEQUENCES OF OUR ACCUMULATED ENVIRONMENTAL VIOLATIONS
Tony OPOSA
In the Laws of
Nature,
There is no right nor
wrong,
There are no rewards
nor punishments;
There are only
consequences.
CONTENTS:
1).INTRODUCTION
2).CLIMATE CHANGE
3).ENERGY EMERGENCY
4).WASTED WATER
5).PLASTIC PLIGHT
6).BIODIVERSITY IN A BIND
In this PPT we talk about various factors which would help us in making this world a better place to live and sustain.
10 Science Must Knows on Climate ChangeFuture Earth
Future Earth and the Earth League released their "10 Science Must Knows on Climate Change" at UNFCCC COP23 in Bonn. This is the presentation from the press conference.
Authors: Amy Luers and Johan Rockström
Speakers: Patricia Espinosa, Johan Rockström, John Schellnhuber, Wendy Broadgate, Nick Nuttall
Credit: Owen Gaffney, Kaela Slavik
This presentation tells about how climate change is happening due to the population and its impact on the environment in terms of ecological impacts etc.
A photograph of the decisive decade we are facing, the perfect storm of environmental, economic and growth crisis we are facing and some possible ways to help the transition from this old unsustainable system to a new world order sustained by a new approach of global prosperity, justice and sustainability.
John Holdren on Climate Change Challenge 2018 02-15Vincent Everts
In Nantucket I attended an amazing and scary presentation by John Holdren on Climate Change. John Paul Holdren was the senior advisor to President Barack Obama on science and technology issues through his roles as Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Co-Chair of the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST).
Holdren was previously the Teresa and John Heinz Professor of Environmental Policy at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, director of the Science, Technology, and Public Policy Program at the School's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, and Director of the Woods Hole Research Center.
Similar to 2019 welcome to the anthropocene cemus (20)
The Global Commons Survey (G20 countries) Owen Gaffney
Attitudes to planetary stewardship and transformation in G20 countries. Commissioned by the Global Commons Alliance. Produced by Ipsos MORI. Published 17 August 2021. Full report: https://globalcommonsalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Global-Commons-G20-Survey-full-report.pdf
See: globalcommonsalliance.org
The Global Commons Survey 2021 SWEDEN Summary publicOwen Gaffney
Attitudes to planetary stewardship and transformation in Sweden (Summary). Commissioned by the Global Commons Alliance and FAIRTRANS. Produced by Ipsos MORI.
Attitudes to planetary stewardship and transformation among G20 countries. Commissioned by the Global Commons Alliance. Produced by Ipsos MORI. Project leader Owen Gaffney
State of the planet 2020 highland one world 3 december finalOwen Gaffney
Presented to educators on 3 December. Thanks to Highland One World for the invitation - you guys rock. Summary of knowledge on what we need to do to stabilise it. Building trust from facts.
36 solutions to cut greenhouse gas emissions 50% by 2030 following the Carbon Law. This is the presentation for the Exponential Climate Action Roadmap 1.5, published for the UN Climate Action Summit, September 2019
Welcome to the Anthropocene: the geology of humanity Owen Gaffney
ICT and Life Sciences Forum lecture, 6 December, 2012, University of Melbourne.
Short introduction to the concept of the Anthropocene. The Anthropocene concept proposes Earth is moving out of its current geological epoch and into a new epoch dominated by humankind. ICT, in particular social networking may be a "keystone innovation" on the path to global sustainability.
This series of graphs depict the massive acceleration in human activity since 1950 and the impact this has had on the Earth system. This is part of the research of the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme
Toxic effects of heavy metals : Lead and Arsenicsanjana502982
Heavy metals are naturally occuring metallic chemical elements that have relatively high density, and are toxic at even low concentrations. All toxic metals are termed as heavy metals irrespective of their atomic mass and density, eg. arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, thallium, chromium, etc.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
1. Welcome to the Anthropocene
The past, present and future of people and planet
CEMUS, Uppsala University
6th September 2019
Owen Gaffney
Potsdam Institute for Climate
Impact Research
Stockholm Resilience Centre
Image: Yann Arthus-Bertrand
2. At the same time - people are fundamentally dependent on
the capacity of the biosphere to sustain human development
Key messages:
• Earth is in a new geological epoch – the Anthropocene
• We now risk destabilising our life support system
• A risk framework for policymakers “Plantetary boundaries”
defines a “Safe operating space for humanity”
9. Aborigines
arrive in
Australia
Beginning
of agriculture
Great Asian,
European, African,
American
civilisations
First migration of
fully modern humans
out of Africa
Migrations from
South Asia
to Europe
Holocene
Human Development and Earth System Dynamics
Source: GRIP ice core data (Greenland) and S. Oppenheimer, ”Out of Eden”, 2004
22. Arctic sea ice.
Massive reduction in area
Greenland
Ice loss accelerating
Permafrost
Signs of increasing loss
Mountain glaciers
Ice loss accelerating
Coral reefs
Large-scale die offs
2016/2017
Boreal forest
Jetstream
Increasingly
meandering
West Antarctic Ice Sheet
Ice loss accelerating
Amazon rainforest
Unprecedented droughts
in last 15 years
Atlantic circulation
30% slowdown since 1950s
Tipping elements undergoing detectable large-scale changes
26. Caesar et al. 2018, Nature
Evidence of Changes in Earth System Is Mounting
Atlantic Overturning Circulation
• A key tipping element in the
Earth System
• Weaker today than any time in
over 1000 years
• Has already slowed down by
15% since 1950
29. Summer extremes of 2018 linked to
stalled giant waves in jet stream
x
Abstract
The summer of 2018 witnessed a
number of extreme weather events
such as heatwaves in North
America,
Western Europe and the Caspian
Sea region, and rainfall extremes in
South-East Europe and Japan that
occurred near-simultaneously.
Here we show that some of these
extremes were connected by an
amplified hemisphere-wide wave
number 7 circulation pattern. We
show that this pattern constitutes
an important teleconnection in
Northern Hemisphere summer
associated with prolonged and
above-normal temperatures in
North America, Western Europe
and the Caspian Sea region. This
pattern was also observed during
the European heatwaves of 2003,
2006 and 2015 among others. We Kornhuber et al., 2019, Environ. Res. Letters
34. Planetary Boundaries Interact – E.g. Climate, land use and Biodiversity
Land use matters
• Stopping deforestation and
growing (back) forests are
pivotal to halt GHG emissions.
• Grassland and wetland
management also hugely
important.
39. Ö’Neill et al Nature Sustainability
A good life for all within planetary boundaries
40. Climate Change Is Top Global Threat 2018
Survey by Pew Research Center, 2018
• 26 countries, 27 000 individuals
• 67 % name climate change as biggest
threat (compared to 56% in 2013)
• Fear of cyber-attacks and power of USA
on the rise
Source: Pew Research Center, 2019
41. 55
Is the Message Being Heard? Global Risk Landscape 2018-19
What is the impact and
likelihood of global risks?
World Economic Forum
Global Risk Perception Survey
2018-2019
43. At the same time - people are fundamentally dependent on
the capacity of the biosphere to sustain human development
Key messages:
• Earth is in a new geological epoch – the Anthropocene
• We now risk destabilising our life support system
• Plantetary boundaries define a “Safe operating space for humanity”
45. At the same time - people are fundamentally dependent on
the capacity of the biosphere to sustain human development
Key messages:
• Sustainable Development Goals
• 6 disruptive transformations needed for sustainability
• Priorities are energy, food systems and land use
• Disruptive transformation is underway (but often not in the direction needed)
46.
47.
48. Year2030 20502040
The World In 2050
Radical transformative
pathways to meet the SDGs
within planetary boundaries
Planetary
Boundaries
Degree of
Global
Sustainable
Develpment
53. The gap between where we are likely to be and where we need to be
Global greenhouse gas emissions under different scenarios and the emissions gap in 2030
54. We have already emitted a lot of CO2, and thus we can only emit a little more to stay under 1.5°C or 2°C.
The dark grey area is an approximate carbon budget of 250GtCO2 from 2017 (consistent with “well below 2°C”).
1Gt CO2 equals 1 billion tonnes CO2
Emission pathways
Illustrative pathway
consistent with the Paris
Agreement’s “well below
(~1.5°C)
55. To stabilize global average temperature (at any level) requires global net emissions to be zero.
Because of equity, one would expect rich countries to be zero first and poor countries later (but still zero).
Everyone needs net-zero emissions
Zero-year for
a rich country
Zero-year for
a poor country
Illustrative pathway
consistent with the Paris
Agreement’s “well below
2°C” (~1.5°C)
60. By 2020 expect emissions peak in 53 countries… ….and a price on carbon in 51 countries
Exponential Rise in Action
61. Green bonds growth – doubling every
1.5 years. On track to hit $1 trillion by 2021
Divestment growth on exponential
trajectory. Fossil fuel sector on course for
major shock in 2020s
Exponential Rise in Action
64. Global Analysis for GBD Study Confirms Health Effects
Figure: Age-standardised mortality rate per 100 000 population (A)
and DALY rate per 100 000 population (B) attributable to diet in 2017
The Lancet 2019
GBD 2017 Diet Collaborators
81. Scientific Targets for Sustainable Food Systems
Planetary boundaries for:
1) GHG emissions
2) Water used
3) Nitrogen flows
4) Phosphorus flows
5) Biodiversity lost
6) Land converted
88. Digital revolution has the
possibility to support societal
goals.
But is unlikely to happen
without direction.
The time is ripe for tech giants
to assume more responsibility.
89.
90. Digital revolution
• Unintended consequences and
emergent behaviour at scale
• A new power emerges:
• Soft power
• Hard power
• Platform power
Rasmus Nielsson – Reuters Institute, Oxford University
91. Platform power
• Automate action at scale
• Surveillance
• Privacy
• Behavioural futures
• Make or break connections
• Set standards
Rasmus Nielsson – Reuters Institute, Oxford University
100. How do transformations happen in society?
• Enlightenment
• Industrial revolution
• Womens’ rights
• Civil rights
• Green revolution
• End apartheid
• Enlightenment
121
101. Transformations are usually the result of a combination of these:
• Interventions from knowledge producers
• Market confidence
• Social movements
• Government policies
• New technology
122
104. At the same time - people are fundamentally dependent on
the capacity of the biosphere to sustain human development
Key messages:
• 6 disruptive transformations needed for sustainability
• Priorities are energy, food systems and land use
• Disruptive transformation is underway (but often not in the direction needed)
105. Feeding the world within Planetary Boundaries
Gerten et al., Nature (in revision)
–4%
→ ~56% net gain possible
just enough for future demand
implies massive co-transformations
–7%
–12%
–27%
kcal change
PB constraints
Water & nutrient
management+39%
+30%
Still feasible
cropland expansion
within PBs
Food loss reduction &
diet change+37%
Opportunities within PBs
111. New method to better understand much-employed
self-learning Artificial Intelligence
Learners in two-state matching pennies environment Barfuss et al. 2019, Physical Review
112. by separating the
Agents Environment
joint action a
state, reward
interaction
adaptation
timescales
and
New method to better understand self-learning agents
⇒ deriving the deterministic limit of temporal difference reinforcement learning
⇒ allows a dynamical systems perspective on reinforcement learning
Barfuss et al. 2019, Physical Review
113. Learning dynamics reveal a wide rage of
dynamical regimes
SARSA Learning Actor-Critic LearningQ
Learning
Deterministic
Chaos
Periodic
Orbits
Fixed Points
⇒ shows that self-learning agents may not evolve towards a single behaviour. Instead, they
may enter a continuous cycle of different behaviours or even evolve on an unpredictable
trajectory.
⇒ Important to improve the design of large-scale self-learning AI systems
Barfussetal.2019,PhysicalReview
119. The Future of Solar Energy:
Worldwide Innovation Projects
Cochin International Airport, India Blackfriars Bridge, London, UK Riyuetan-Weipai-Building, China
Yamakura Reservoir Lake, Japan Solar Farm, Punjab, India
Train Tunnel, Holland-BelgiumSolar Farm, Noor, Morrocco
120.
121.
122. J.J. Hopfield, PNAS, 1982
Spin-glass models of neural networks,
Amit, Gutfreund and Sompolinsky
Phys. Rev. A, 1985
Towards Deep Machine Learning
125. Fusion of Neural Networks and Quantum Computing
www.quantamagazine.org
126. The Dream of a Digital Circular Economy
• 3-D Printing
• The Internet of Things
• Automation of Production
• Automation of Deconstruction
More Efficiency
Less Material and Energy Usage
Better Monitoring of Material Flows
(Stahel, 2016)