The document discusses using PostgreSQL and JSONB data. It covers installing PostgreSQL, connecting to a database, configuring network access and authentication, creating a database and user, inserting and querying JSONB data using operators like ->> and ->, updating and deleting rows, and creating a functional index to query on fields within the JSONB data.

1. PostgreSQL и JSONB
Денис Нелюбин

2. PostgreSQL

3. Установка
sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://apt.
postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ trusty-pgdg
main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.
list"
wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.
org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key
add -
sudo apt update
sudo apt install postgresql-9.4

4. Первое подключение
$ sudo -u postgres psql
psql (9.4.8)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=#

5. Доступ по сети
/etc/postgresql/9.4/main/postgresql.conf
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Connection Settings -
#listen_addresses = 'localhost' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
# comma-separated list of addresses;
# defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all
# (change requires restart)
port = 5432 # (change requires restart)
max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)

6. Перезапуск
$ sudo service postgresql restart
* Restarting PostgreSQL 9.4 database
server
[ OK ]

7. Кто кого слушает
$ sudo netstat -lnp | grep postgres
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5432 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6176/postgres
tcp6 0 0 :::5432 :::* LISTEN 6176/postgres
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 18184 6176/postgres
/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432

8. Доступ по сети
/etc/postgresql/9.4/main/pg_hba.conf
# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD
# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local all all peer
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
host all all 192.168.0.0/16 md5
host all all 10.0.0.0/8 md5
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Бесклассовая_адресация

9. Перечитывание конфига
$ sudo service postgresql reload
* Reloading PostgreSQL 9.4 database
server
[ OK ]

10. Создать юзера
$ sudo -u postgres psql
psql (9.4.8)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# CREATE USER test WITH PASSWORD
'test';
CREATE ROLE
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/sql-createuser.html

11. Создать базу данных
postgres=# CREATE DATABASE test OWNER
test;
CREATE DATABASE
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/sql-createdatabase.html

12. Удалённое подключение
$ psql -h 10.40.40.2 -p 5432 -U test test
Password for user test:
psql (9.5.3, server 9.4.8)
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.2, cipher: ECDHE-RSA-
AES256-GCM-SHA384, bits: 256, compression: off)
Type "help" for help.
test=>

13. pgAdmin III

14. Docker
$ docker run --name postgres
-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres -p 5432:5432
-d postgres:9.4
$ psql -h localhost -p 5432 -U postgres
psql (9.5.3, server 9.4.8)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=#

15. Объекты БД

16. Создать таблицу
test=> CREATE TABLE test (
id serial PRIMARY KEY,
document jsonb
);

17. Что создалось?
test=> select table_schema, table_name,
table_type from information_schema.tables
where table_schema='public';
table_schema | table_name | table_type
--------------+------------+------------
public | test | BASE TABLE
(1 row)

18. Что создалось?
test=> select table_name, column_name,
column_default, data_type from
information_schema.columns where
table_name = 'test';
table_name | column_name | column_default | data_type
------------+-------------+----------------------------------+-----------
test | id | nextval('test_id_seq'::regclass) | integer
test | document | | jsonb
(2 rows)

19. Что создалось?
test=> select sequence_name, data_type,
start_value from information_schema.
sequences;
sequence_name | data_type | start_value
---------------+-----------+-------------
test_id_seq | bigint | 1
(1 row)

20. Sequence
test=> select nextval('test_id_seq') as id;
id
----
8
(1 row)

21. Insert
test=> insert into
test (document)
values ('{ "a": 1, "b": "abc" }'::jsonb);
INSERT 0 1

22. Select
test=> select * from test;
id | document
----+----------------------
1 | {"a": 1, "b": "abc"}
(1 row)

23. Select поля
test=> select document->'a' from test;
?column?
----------
1
(1 row)
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/functions-json.html

24. Select по полю
test=> select * from test
where document->>'a' = '1';
id | document
----+----------------------
1 | {"a": 1, "b": "abc"}
(1 row)
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/functions-json.html

25. Update
test=> update test
set document =
'{ "d": 3, "c": "def" }'::jsonb
where id = 1;
UPDATE 1

26. Update jsonb
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.5/static/functions-json.html

27. Delete
test=> delete from test where id = 1;
DELETE 1

28. Ссылки
https://tracker.smart-tools.info/projects/internship-2016/
wiki/Postgres-94-configuration
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/index.html

29. Функциональный индекс
test=> create index test_id_idx on test
((document->>'testID'));
CREATE INDEX
test=> select * from test where document-
>>'testID' = '11';
id | document
----+-------------------------------------
11 | {"test": "new value", "testID": 11}
(1 row)