2- In Drosophila- a cross was made between females - all expressing th.docx
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In a cross between female flies expressing three X-linked recessive traits (scute bristles, sable body, and vermillion eyes) and wild-type males, all F1 generation females were wild-type while males expressed all three mutations. Analysis of over 1000 F2 generation offspring found deviations from expected numbers of double crossovers, suggesting the genes are arranged in a specific order along the X chromosome with some interference between crossovers.
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2- In Drosophila- yellow (y)- white (w) and cut (ct) are X-linked- rec.pdf
2. In Drosophila, yellow ( y ) , white ( w ) and cut (ct) are X -linked, recessive mutations. A
yellow-bodied, white-eyed female with normal wings was crossed to a male whose eyes and
body were normal but whose wings were cut. The F 1 females were wild type for all three traits,
while the F 1 males expressed the yellow body and white eye traits. The cross was carried to the
F 2 progeny, and only male offspring were tallied. On the basis of the data shown here. a genetic
man was constructed. a. Ulagram the genotypes of the F 1 parents. (2 pts) b. Construct a map of
these three genes on the X-chromosome. ( 3 pts) c. Were there any double-crossover expected? If
so, how many? (1 pt) d. What was the interference for this cross? Briefly explain. ( 1 pt ) e.
Could the F 2 female offspring be used to construct the map? Why or why not? (2 pts).
3- In Drosophila- Dichaete (D) is a mutation on chromosome III with a.docx
3. In Drosophila, Dichaete (D) is a mutation on chromosome III with a dominant effect on wing shape. It is LETHAL when homozygous. The genes ebony body (e) and pink eye ( p ) are recessive mutations on chromosome III. Flies from a Dichaete stock were made heterozygous for the ebony and pink genes, and the F 1 progeny, with a Dichaete phenotype, were backcrossed to the ebony, pink homozygotes (hint: the flies that the Dichaete were backcrossed with were + / + for the Dichaete gene - i.e. they did not contain the D mutation). (10 points) (a) Diagram the cross, showing the genotypes of both the PARENTAL generation and the F 1 generation. (b) Using the table below, write the genotypes (both chromosomes) of each of the 8 observed F 2 generation. (c) Determine both the sequence and the interlocus distance between these three genes. (d) Calculate the coefficient of coincidence. Does it represent positive or negative interference?
.
Screenshot_20231010_155412_Adobe Acrobat (9 files merged).docx
Genes inherited from parents determine the sex of a child. The sex is determined by the XY sex chromosome pair, with males having one X and one Y chromosome, and females having two X chromosomes. When an X-bearing sperm fertilizes an egg, the zygote will have 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes, resulting in a female (XX).
Genetics practice q key
- One or more of the three children will have disease 1.
- All three children will have the disease.
- At least one child out of three will be phenotypically normal.
Concepts of Genetics 10th Edition Klug Test Bank
This document contains 36 multiple choice questions about basic concepts in Mendelian genetics. The questions cover topics such as: influential scientists in early genetics; Mendel's work with pea plants; monohybrid and dihybrid crosses; phenotypic and genotypic ratios; independent assortment; Chi-square tests; and probabilities in human genetics. Sample questions are provided along with their answers to illustrate the scope and level of detail assessed.
Genetics 303 Dr. Joe Staton Fourth exam—take home Ans.docx
Genetics 303 Dr. Joe Staton
Fourth exam—take home
Answer on separate paper, show all work, and be neat in the reporting of answers. STAPLE YOUR RESULTS!
1. In a human population, the genotype frequencies at one locus are 0.75 AA, 0.22 Aa, and 0.03 aa. What is the frequency
of the A allele [f(A)] and a allele [f(a)] for the population? Are they in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
2. Calculate the number of heterozygotes in a population with p = 0.65 and q = 0.35 (at time = 0). After 4 generations of
inbreeding between siblings (F = 0.25) in a population of 1000.
3. Human albinism is an autosomal recessive trait. Suppose that you find an isolated village in the Andes where seven
people are albino. If the population size of the village was 1777 and the population is in Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium with respect to this trait, how many individuals are expected to be carriers (heterozygotes)?
4. A boatload of Swedish tourists, all of whom bear the MM blood group, is marooned on Haldane Island, where they are
met by an equally sized population of Islanders, all bearing blood group NN. In time, the castaways become
integrated into Island society. Assuming random mating, no mutation, no selection (based on blood group), and no
genetic drift, what would you expect the blood group distribution to be among 5000 progeny of the new Haldane
Island population?
5. You identify a population of mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) on an island. Their coat color is controlled by a single
gene: BB mice are black, Bb mice are gray, and bb mice are white. You take a census of the population and record
the following numbers of mice:
Black 432
Gray 576
White 192
(a) What are the frequencies of the two alleles?
(b) What are the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium frequencies for these three phenotypes?
(c) A heat wave hits the island. All mice with black fur die from heat stroke, but the other mice survive. What are the new
allele frequencies for the population?
(d) If the population suffers no further cataclysms after the heat wave, and the surviving animals mate randomly, what will
be the frequency of mice with black fur in the next generation?
(e) If the climate is altered permanently, so that mice with black fur die before reproducing, which following statement is
correct?
(1) At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, f(B) will equal 0.135.
(2) The fitness of mice with gray fur (ωBb) must be equal to 0.5.
(3) The fitness of mice with black fur (ωBB) is 0.
(4) The B allele will disappear from the population in one generation.
(5) The B allele will disappear from the population in two generations.
6. Which of the following are requirements for evolution by natural selection? Explain your answer.
I Environmental change
II Differential survival and reproduction
III Heritability of phenotypic variation
IV Variation in phenotype
V Sexual reproduction
A) II, III, V B) II, III, IV C) I, II, IV.
Problems2. This is a map for a diploid plantR--------35-------.pdf
Problems:
2. This is a map for a diploid plant:
R--------35--------E--------17---------F
One parental plant is R e f/r E F. It is mated with a homozygous recessive plant: r e f/r e f. Give
the proportion of the offspring assuming there is both no interference, and complete interference.
3. In a newly discovered insect, the three genes R, A, and P located on the same chromosome
(R= red body, A= spotted coloring, P=purple eyes, r=white body, a=solid coloring, p=white
eyes). A heterozygous parent(R A P/r a p) is mated with a homozygous recessive parent (r a p/ r
a p).
The following offspring are shown below:
(210) dominant for all traits
(16) red body, solid coloring, purple eyes
(70) red body, spotted coloring, white eyes
(50) red body, solid coloring, white eyes
(200) recessive for all traits
(55) white body, spotted coloring, purple eyes
(13) white body, spotted coloring, white eyes
(72) white body, solid coloring, purple eyes
Perform a three-point linkage to determine the gene order and relative distance between the
genes. How did the distance between the 2 genes affect the frequency of crossing-over events?
4. Here are four recombinant sequences that came from four Hfr matings during an interrupted
mating experiment. Determine the order and relative distance by setting A to 0/100 minutes.
Hfr1) A T1 H T2
8 26 33 53
Hfr2) E1 T1 E2 E3
4 12 24 54
Hfr3) T2 S T3 A
7 37 52 62
Hfr4) T3 C E1 E3
2 17 22 72
5. In a u-tube experiment, a researcher placed a kanamycin resistant strain of E. coli on one side
of a membrane impervious to the cells, and a wild-type strain on the other side. After a day, he
then plated a sample from both sides of the tube on plates containing kanamycin and observed
growth on both plates. He then repeated this experiment, but this time he added DNase to the
tube and observed the same results when he plated both cell types. What happened inside the
tube?
6. Pretend the following is a chromosome that underwent some changes. What were they? (the
dot is the centromere).
A B C D E F . G H I J A B C G . F E H I J
a. pericentric inversion, deletion
b. paracentric inversion, deletion
c. deletion, translocation
d. Robertsonian translocation,
pericntric inversion
7. Given:
Type of mutation Cistron A or B
1. point A
2. point A
3. point B
4. point B
5. deletion A
Results from 5 crosses:
1x2 (plaque) 2x3 (plaque) 3x4 (plaque) 4x5 (plaque)
1x3 (plaque) 2x4 (plaque) 3x5 (plaque)
1x4 (plaque) 2x5 (no plaque)
1x5 (plaque)
8. The following nucleotide sequence is found in a piece of DNA
5’-TTAACA-3’
3’-AATTGT-5’
if the cytosince undergoes a tautameric shift for one replication cycle draw two round of
replication and explain what type of mutation occurred (Transition or Transversion)?
Bonus:
Explain the relationship between mosaicism and x-inactivation using an example.
9. In a diploid fly, the three loci R E and D are linked as follows
R--------------22cm------------E----------16cm-------------D
One fly is available to you and its genotype is R.
A three point cross was performed using fruit flies. The three loci .pdf
A three point cross was performed using fruit flies. The three loci are physically linked on the
same autosome. The d allele, in the homozygous state, results in the recessive ‘double dorsal’
phenotype. Similarly, the r allele results in the recessive ‘round ears’ phenotype and the e allele
in the recessive ‘endless eye’ phenotype. In contrast, the D, R, and E alleles encode for the
dominant wild type phenotypes at each of these loci.
True breeding (homozygous) flies were crossed to produce F1 offspring. Due to poor book-
keeping, the genotypes of the parent flies were not recorded – but one parent fly had one mutant
phenotype, while the other parent had the other two mutant phenotypes.
PhenotypeNumber of F2 Flies
EarsDorsalEyes
1) Round ears Double Dorsal Endless Eyes 230
2) Wild-type Wild-type Wild-type 260
3) Round ears Wild-type Wild-type 4,390
4) Wild-type Double Dorsal Endless Eyes 4,100
5) Round ears Double Dorsal Wild-type 15
6) Wild-type Wild-type Endless Eyes 15
7) Round ears Wild-type Endless Eyes 510
8) Wild-type Double Dorsal Wild-type 480
10,000 total
a) What is the phenotype of the F1 flies?
b) What is the genotype of the F1 flies? Your answer should indicate the phase of linkage.
c) What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the original parent flies (previously not recorded)?
Your answer should indicate the phase of linkage.
d) Calculate the map distance in cM between each of the three loci and determine the gene order.
Show all work for full credit. (6 points)
Solution
a. The phenotype of the F1 flies is wild-type heterozygous at all locus.
b. The genotype of F1 flies
r D E/ R d e
c. The genotypes of parent flies: r D E and R d e
The phenotypes of parent flies: Round ears, Wild-type, Wild-type and Wild-type, Double Dorsal,
Endless Eyes
d.
Gene order is R------D------E
The distance between R and D
510+480+15+15 / 10,000 * 100 = 10.2cM
The distance between D and E
230+260+15+15 / 10,000 * 100 = 5.2cM.
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2- In Drosophila- yellow (y)- white (w) and cut (ct) are X-linked- rec.pdf
2. In Drosophila, yellow ( y ) , white ( w ) and cut (ct) are X -linked, recessive mutations. A
yellow-bodied, white-eyed female with normal wings was crossed to a male whose eyes and
body were normal but whose wings were cut. The F 1 females were wild type for all three traits,
while the F 1 males expressed the yellow body and white eye traits. The cross was carried to the
F 2 progeny, and only male offspring were tallied. On the basis of the data shown here. a genetic
man was constructed. a. Ulagram the genotypes of the F 1 parents. (2 pts) b. Construct a map of
these three genes on the X-chromosome. ( 3 pts) c. Were there any double-crossover expected? If
so, how many? (1 pt) d. What was the interference for this cross? Briefly explain. ( 1 pt ) e.
Could the F 2 female offspring be used to construct the map? Why or why not? (2 pts).
3- In Drosophila- Dichaete (D) is a mutation on chromosome III with a.docx
3. In Drosophila, Dichaete (D) is a mutation on chromosome III with a dominant effect on wing shape. It is LETHAL when homozygous. The genes ebony body (e) and pink eye ( p ) are recessive mutations on chromosome III. Flies from a Dichaete stock were made heterozygous for the ebony and pink genes, and the F 1 progeny, with a Dichaete phenotype, were backcrossed to the ebony, pink homozygotes (hint: the flies that the Dichaete were backcrossed with were + / + for the Dichaete gene - i.e. they did not contain the D mutation). (10 points) (a) Diagram the cross, showing the genotypes of both the PARENTAL generation and the F 1 generation. (b) Using the table below, write the genotypes (both chromosomes) of each of the 8 observed F 2 generation. (c) Determine both the sequence and the interlocus distance between these three genes. (d) Calculate the coefficient of coincidence. Does it represent positive or negative interference?
.
Screenshot_20231010_155412_Adobe Acrobat (9 files merged).docx
Genes inherited from parents determine the sex of a child. The sex is determined by the XY sex chromosome pair, with males having one X and one Y chromosome, and females having two X chromosomes. When an X-bearing sperm fertilizes an egg, the zygote will have 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes, resulting in a female (XX).
Genetics practice q key
- One or more of the three children will have disease 1.
- All three children will have the disease.
- At least one child out of three will be phenotypically normal.
Concepts of Genetics 10th Edition Klug Test Bank
This document contains 36 multiple choice questions about basic concepts in Mendelian genetics. The questions cover topics such as: influential scientists in early genetics; Mendel's work with pea plants; monohybrid and dihybrid crosses; phenotypic and genotypic ratios; independent assortment; Chi-square tests; and probabilities in human genetics. Sample questions are provided along with their answers to illustrate the scope and level of detail assessed.
Genetics 303 Dr. Joe Staton Fourth exam—take home Ans.docx
Genetics 303 Dr. Joe Staton
Fourth exam—take home
Answer on separate paper, show all work, and be neat in the reporting of answers. STAPLE YOUR RESULTS!
1. In a human population, the genotype frequencies at one locus are 0.75 AA, 0.22 Aa, and 0.03 aa. What is the frequency
of the A allele [f(A)] and a allele [f(a)] for the population? Are they in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
2. Calculate the number of heterozygotes in a population with p = 0.65 and q = 0.35 (at time = 0). After 4 generations of
inbreeding between siblings (F = 0.25) in a population of 1000.
3. Human albinism is an autosomal recessive trait. Suppose that you find an isolated village in the Andes where seven
people are albino. If the population size of the village was 1777 and the population is in Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium with respect to this trait, how many individuals are expected to be carriers (heterozygotes)?
4. A boatload of Swedish tourists, all of whom bear the MM blood group, is marooned on Haldane Island, where they are
met by an equally sized population of Islanders, all bearing blood group NN. In time, the castaways become
integrated into Island society. Assuming random mating, no mutation, no selection (based on blood group), and no
genetic drift, what would you expect the blood group distribution to be among 5000 progeny of the new Haldane
Island population?
5. You identify a population of mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) on an island. Their coat color is controlled by a single
gene: BB mice are black, Bb mice are gray, and bb mice are white. You take a census of the population and record
the following numbers of mice:
Black 432
Gray 576
White 192
(a) What are the frequencies of the two alleles?
(b) What are the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium frequencies for these three phenotypes?
(c) A heat wave hits the island. All mice with black fur die from heat stroke, but the other mice survive. What are the new
allele frequencies for the population?
(d) If the population suffers no further cataclysms after the heat wave, and the surviving animals mate randomly, what will
be the frequency of mice with black fur in the next generation?
(e) If the climate is altered permanently, so that mice with black fur die before reproducing, which following statement is
correct?
(1) At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, f(B) will equal 0.135.
(2) The fitness of mice with gray fur (ωBb) must be equal to 0.5.
(3) The fitness of mice with black fur (ωBB) is 0.
(4) The B allele will disappear from the population in one generation.
(5) The B allele will disappear from the population in two generations.
6. Which of the following are requirements for evolution by natural selection? Explain your answer.
I Environmental change
II Differential survival and reproduction
III Heritability of phenotypic variation
IV Variation in phenotype
V Sexual reproduction
A) II, III, V B) II, III, IV C) I, II, IV.
Problems2. This is a map for a diploid plantR--------35-------.pdf
Problems:
2. This is a map for a diploid plant:
R--------35--------E--------17---------F
One parental plant is R e f/r E F. It is mated with a homozygous recessive plant: r e f/r e f. Give
the proportion of the offspring assuming there is both no interference, and complete interference.
3. In a newly discovered insect, the three genes R, A, and P located on the same chromosome
(R= red body, A= spotted coloring, P=purple eyes, r=white body, a=solid coloring, p=white
eyes). A heterozygous parent(R A P/r a p) is mated with a homozygous recessive parent (r a p/ r
a p).
The following offspring are shown below:
(210) dominant for all traits
(16) red body, solid coloring, purple eyes
(70) red body, spotted coloring, white eyes
(50) red body, solid coloring, white eyes
(200) recessive for all traits
(55) white body, spotted coloring, purple eyes
(13) white body, spotted coloring, white eyes
(72) white body, solid coloring, purple eyes
Perform a three-point linkage to determine the gene order and relative distance between the
genes. How did the distance between the 2 genes affect the frequency of crossing-over events?
4. Here are four recombinant sequences that came from four Hfr matings during an interrupted
mating experiment. Determine the order and relative distance by setting A to 0/100 minutes.
Hfr1) A T1 H T2
8 26 33 53
Hfr2) E1 T1 E2 E3
4 12 24 54
Hfr3) T2 S T3 A
7 37 52 62
Hfr4) T3 C E1 E3
2 17 22 72
5. In a u-tube experiment, a researcher placed a kanamycin resistant strain of E. coli on one side
of a membrane impervious to the cells, and a wild-type strain on the other side. After a day, he
then plated a sample from both sides of the tube on plates containing kanamycin and observed
growth on both plates. He then repeated this experiment, but this time he added DNase to the
tube and observed the same results when he plated both cell types. What happened inside the
tube?
6. Pretend the following is a chromosome that underwent some changes. What were they? (the
dot is the centromere).
A B C D E F . G H I J A B C G . F E H I J
a. pericentric inversion, deletion
b. paracentric inversion, deletion
c. deletion, translocation
d. Robertsonian translocation,
pericntric inversion
7. Given:
Type of mutation Cistron A or B
1. point A
2. point A
3. point B
4. point B
5. deletion A
Results from 5 crosses:
1x2 (plaque) 2x3 (plaque) 3x4 (plaque) 4x5 (plaque)
1x3 (plaque) 2x4 (plaque) 3x5 (plaque)
1x4 (plaque) 2x5 (no plaque)
1x5 (plaque)
8. The following nucleotide sequence is found in a piece of DNA
5’-TTAACA-3’
3’-AATTGT-5’
if the cytosince undergoes a tautameric shift for one replication cycle draw two round of
replication and explain what type of mutation occurred (Transition or Transversion)?
Bonus:
Explain the relationship between mosaicism and x-inactivation using an example.
9. In a diploid fly, the three loci R E and D are linked as follows
R--------------22cm------------E----------16cm-------------D
One fly is available to you and its genotype is R.
A three point cross was performed using fruit flies. The three loci .pdf
A three point cross was performed using fruit flies. The three loci are physically linked on the
same autosome. The d allele, in the homozygous state, results in the recessive ‘double dorsal’
phenotype. Similarly, the r allele results in the recessive ‘round ears’ phenotype and the e allele
in the recessive ‘endless eye’ phenotype. In contrast, the D, R, and E alleles encode for the
dominant wild type phenotypes at each of these loci.
True breeding (homozygous) flies were crossed to produce F1 offspring. Due to poor book-
keeping, the genotypes of the parent flies were not recorded – but one parent fly had one mutant
phenotype, while the other parent had the other two mutant phenotypes.
PhenotypeNumber of F2 Flies
EarsDorsalEyes
1) Round ears Double Dorsal Endless Eyes 230
2) Wild-type Wild-type Wild-type 260
3) Round ears Wild-type Wild-type 4,390
4) Wild-type Double Dorsal Endless Eyes 4,100
5) Round ears Double Dorsal Wild-type 15
6) Wild-type Wild-type Endless Eyes 15
7) Round ears Wild-type Endless Eyes 510
8) Wild-type Double Dorsal Wild-type 480
10,000 total
a) What is the phenotype of the F1 flies?
b) What is the genotype of the F1 flies? Your answer should indicate the phase of linkage.
c) What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the original parent flies (previously not recorded)?
Your answer should indicate the phase of linkage.
d) Calculate the map distance in cM between each of the three loci and determine the gene order.
Show all work for full credit. (6 points)
Solution
a. The phenotype of the F1 flies is wild-type heterozygous at all locus.
b. The genotype of F1 flies
r D E/ R d e
c. The genotypes of parent flies: r D E and R d e
The phenotypes of parent flies: Round ears, Wild-type, Wild-type and Wild-type, Double Dorsal,
Endless Eyes
d.
Gene order is R------D------E
The distance between R and D
510+480+15+15 / 10,000 * 100 = 10.2cM
The distance between D and E
230+260+15+15 / 10,000 * 100 = 5.2cM.
1. Meiosis And Dihybrid Cross
The document discusses meiosis, genetic crosses, and inheritance patterns. It begins by outlining meiosis and its role in genetic variation. It then discusses dihybrid crosses and Mendel's results, which showed independent assortment and ratios of 9:3:3:1. The document further explains linkage, recombination frequency, and genetic maps. It concludes by covering sex-linked inheritance and examples like color blindness and hemophilia.
Homozygous Alleles
The document discusses a simulation of a population of bunnies in England, where some bunnies have a recessive allele that causes them to lack fur. Over generations, as the harsh winters cause the hairless bunnies to die off at higher rates, the frequency of the recessive allele decreases. The results demonstrate natural selection, as the recessive allele becomes less common as it confers a lower chance of survival in that environment.
29 What is the phenotypic distribution for barredeye wild.pdf
2.9) What is the phenotypic distribution for barredeye, wild-type, and intermediate-eye in the F2
generation? Remember to also include information about the sex of the individuals. Identify the
homozygous, heterozygous, and hemizygous indivduals. Which phenotypes are observed in the
F2 that were not in the parental? 3) Dihybrid cross: The dark-bodied and rudimentary winged
genes are on two different autosomal chromosomes. We will use this cross to determine the ratios
of phenotypes in the F2 generation when there are two genes involved. 3.1) Use the following
symbols to write out the cross: Male: 8 Female: ? Dark body color: DB Wild-type body color: wt
Rudimentary wings: Rw Wild-type wings: wtRiw 3.2) What would the cross look like if we mated a
Dark-Bodied/Rudimentary winged (double mutant) male with a female that is wild type for both
traits? Place the sex of the individual (symbol) on the first set of lines and their respective
genotypes in the second set. Sex: Genotypes x 3.3) What are the gametes produced by either sex
in the parental generation? Place the symbol for sex on the first set of lines and write down the
gametes produced by that sex in the following set of lines, respectively. Sex:3.3) What are the
gametes produced by either sex in the parental generation? Place the symbol for sex on the first
set of lines and write down the gametes produced by that sex in the following set of lines,
respectively. Sex: Gametes produced: 3.4) Using the gametes that you produced from the
previous question, fill in the Punnet square and show the resulting offspring from the cross. Place
female gametes to the left of the Punnet square and male gametes above. 3.5) What phenotype
should the F1 offspring have? 3.6) What would the F1 cross look like if we mated a male F1 and a
female F1? Place the sex of the individual on the first set of lines and their respective genotypes in
the second set. Sex: Genotypes x 3.7) What are the gametes produced by either sex in the F1
generation? Place the symbol for sex on2.4) Using the gametes that you produced from the
previous question, fill in the Punnet square and show the resulting offspring from the cross. Place
female gametes to the left of the Punnet square and male gametes above. 2.5) What is the
phenotypic distribution for barredeye, wild-type, and intermediate-eye? Remember to also include
information about the sex of the individuals. Identify the homozygous, heterozygous, and
hemizygous indivduals. Why aren't there any wild-type females? 2.6) What would the F1 cross
look like if we mated a male F1 and a female F1? Place the sex (use the symbol) of the individual
on the first set of lines and their respective genotypes in the second set (the genotypes should
also refect the sex). Sex: Genotypes x 2.7) What are the gametes produced by either sex in the F1
generation? Place the genotypes (these genotypes should display the sex and the trait we are
studying) on the first set of lines and write down the gamet.
Please- answers all my question is for genetic class 3- Describe the.docx
Please, answers all my question is for genetic class
3. Describe the pattern of inheritance shown in the pedigree below, giving evidence to support your answer. Give the genotypes for individuals II-2, II-4 and II-2. Include a legend for the symbols used. (10 marks) Describe the pattern of inheritance shown in the pedigree below, giving evidence to support your answer. Give the genotypes for individuals II-4, II-7 and III-7. Include a legend for the symbols used. ( 10 marks) 5. A type of hemophilia is due to an X-linked recessive allele. An affected man whose phenotype has been successfully managed now has children with a woman who is a carrier. Providing a legend for your, answer the following questions: a. What are the genotypes of the mother and father? (1 mark) b. What are the probabilities that i. a child will be affected with hemophilia. ii. a child is a carrier. iii. their daughter is a carrier. iv. their male fetus will be affected. (4 marks) 6. Genes for two different recessive disorders are linked on the X chromosome; they are 26 map units apart. A woman is a carrier for both disorder A and disorder B , with the alleles for these genes in cis. Her husband has normal alleles for both of these genes. The woman is pregnant with their first son. What is the probability (in percent) this son is affected with both disorders? Explain, showing the proportions and types of the woman's gametes and identifying them as parental or recombinant. (5 marks) 7. In certain human matings of albino and black-haired parents, the offspring are always blackhaired. When these black-haired offspring of the different families mate with each other (non-consanguineously) and their children are pooled to get significant data, these are the children's phenotypic proportions: 9 black-haired children 3 brown-haired children 4 albino children a. How many genes are involved in this trait? b. How many alleles of each gene are there? c. What type of gene interaction is occurring for this trait? Describe it. d. What are the genotypes of the initial albino and black-haired parents? Provide a legend. e. What are the genotypes of their offspring (all black-haired)? f. What are the genotypes and the specific proportions of the albino children in the third generation? g. What are the genotypes of the brown-haired children? 8. Which type of chromosomal aneuploidy typically has less severe effects on an individual: sex chromosome aneuploidy or autosomal aneuploidy? Explain why. (4 marks) 9. An organism has six chromosomes in its somatic cells. Determine the number of gametes with different chromosome compositions that this organism can potentially create. Explain your answer, including the genetic basis for your calculation. Ignore the allelic variation created by crossing over. ( 4 marks) 10. Compare the inheritance and transmission of Xlinked genes with that of mitochondrial genes. (4 marks) 11. A woman has a normal number of fingers and toes. She has many relatives with ex.
1- A new phenotype of leaf morphology is found in the wild-curly leaf.pdf
1. A new phenotype of leaf morphology is found in the wild-curly leaf ( CL ) . Two true-
breeding lines following results from crossing and allowing self-fertilization for several
generations. What would be the expected phenotypic ratios of the F 1 , F 2 , and F 3 generations
from a cross of the parental CL pollen onto an F1 pistil above from the cross on the right (a curly
leaf F1 from above). The lines to cross are in bold above. ( 6 points) 2. 2. White ( X w ) is an X -
linked recessive gene; cinnabar ( c n ) and sepia (se) are independent autosomal recessive traits
in Drosophila. Females who are homozygous and males who are hemizygous for white have
white eyes, regardless of what other alleles are present. In addition, individuals who are
homozygous for both cinnabar and sepia are also white. The following crosses were made; then
the F1's were allowed to mate among themselves to produce F 2 s. The following vials of F2
progeny were obtained. Match the cross with the correct vial. ( 8 points).
Genetic linkage
The document discusses genetic linkage and mapping in Drosophila melanogaster. It describes how Thomas Morgan showed that two genes, white eye (w) and miniature wing (m), are linked on the X chromosome through test crosses. Recombination between linked genes occurs through crossing over during meiosis. Genetic mapping uses recombination frequencies between genes to determine their relative positions and distances on chromosomes in map units (centimorgans). A three-point test cross can detect double crossovers and more accurately determine map distances between closely linked genes.
4 Dr D next hands you a different tray of vials of flies .pdf
4. Dr. D next hands you a different tray of vials of flies. He has better records for these flies. He
had mated a fly with no bristles to a fly with no antennae. The F1 offspring of this cross all
appeared wild type - they had both bristles and antennae. He mated one of male F1s with a
female fly that did not have bristles or antennae. The vlais of flies he has given you contain their F
2 offspring. You count those, and observe the following phenotypes: 117 With both bristles and
antennae 832 With bristles but not antennae 795 With antennae but not bristles 123 With neither
bristles nor antennae Based on the ratios of these offspring phenotypes, a. Are the genes linked or
not? If they are, what is the recombination frequency? What is the map distance between these
genes? b. What is the arrangement of the alleles on the male parent's chromosomes?.
GENETICS
1) The document discusses genetic inheritance patterns in families and how chance affects these patterns.
2) While plant and animal experiments show clear Mendelian ratios, family sizes in humans are usually too small to see these ratios.
3) The combination of genetic and random chance factors mean that sibling outcomes can vary significantly from expected ratios, even for simple single-gene traits.
Adams et al 1977 number of sex alleles
This document discusses estimating the number of sex alleles and queen matings in a population of Apis mellifera (honey bees) based on the frequency of diploid males observed. The number of sex alleles is estimated to be 18.9 based on data from a population of 90 hives in Brazil, which is larger than previous estimates of 10-12 alleles. The best estimate of the number of matings per queen is 17.3, obtained using a maximum likelihood approach assuming a prior distribution on the number of matings. The distribution of diploid males depends on both the number of sex alleles and the number of drones that mate with each queen.
tgat is everything b Draw a Punnett square to illustrate a.pdf
tgat is everything
b. Draw a Punnett square to illustrate a crons between a birch hetenomygous for bark colour and
trunk searring and a birch homory 6 ous recevise for both characteristios Give the rerulting
genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring of this cross. c. After prealatigg the results of the
cross in part b. the actual cross between these white birch was carried out and resulted in the
following numbers of offspring: 92 white bark, scarred trunk 96 grey bark, unscarred trunk 5 white
bark, unscarred trunk 7 grey bark, scarred trunk Calculate the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of
these offispring- How do these results compare to your predicted ratios above? You began this
question with the assumption that the genes responsible for bark colour and trunk scarring were
locared on separate chromosomes. Do the observed results support this assumption? Explain
what these results mean and why you can make that conclusion. 8. A local farmer, plagued by
roving herbivores, has decided to befriend a new herd of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus
vinginiamus). Having taken a number of genetics courses during his Agriculture degree, the farmer
decides to observe the heritability of a couple of phenotypic traits. In these deer, a white patch on
the chest (R) is dominant to not having a patch ( r, and white spots along their side (T) are
dominant to no spots(t). After a particularly hot summer, the farmer notices a new male deer in the
area that looks to have been trapped by a forest fire- it's fur is badly singed, and none of the
typical colouration is visible.Based on this, what are the genorypes of the gametes from an
organism with the genotype QqRr ? Trae or False: These gametes will all be equally likely. 4.
What are the two uses for a test cross? 3. a. 5. Give an example of a phenotypic frequency: 6.
Give an cxample of a genotypic ratio: 7. In White birch (Bernila papyrifena, a species of tree),
white bark (B) is dominant to grey bark (b), and the presence of black trunk scars (E) is dominant
to an unscarred trunk (e). a. Assuming that these genes are located on separate chromosomes,
draw a Punnett square to illustrate a cross between a birch homozygous for white bark and a
scarred trunk and a birch with grey bark and unscarred trunk. What are the resulting genotype and
phenotype of the F1 ?Give the realting genotypic and phenotypie ratios of the offipring of this
crows. c. After prraictivg the results of the cross in part b, the actual cross between theie. white
birch was carried out and reulied in the following number of otfopring 92 white bark, scurred trunk
96 grcy bark, unscarred trunk 5 white bark, unscarred trunk 7 grey bark, scarrod trunk Calculate
the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of theie offspring. How do these remults compare to your
predicted ratios above? You began this question with the assamption that the genes responsible
for bark colour and trunk scarring were located on separate chromosomes. Do the observed
resalis sup.
Answer the following questions1. Given the following matings, w
Answer the following questions:
1. Given the following matings, what are the predicted genotypes and genotypic ratios of the offspring?
a) Aa X aa
b) Aa X Aa
c) AA X Aa
2. Wet ear wax (W) is dominant over dry ear wax (w)
a) A 3:1 phenotypic ratio of F1 progeny indicates that the parents are of what genotype?
b) A 1:1 phenotypic ratio of F1 progeny indicates that the parents are of what genotype?
3. A woman is heterozygous for two genes. How many different types of gametes can she produce, and in what proportions?
4. The following diagram shows a hypothetical diploid cell:
The recessing allele for albinism is represented by a, and d represents the recessive allele for deafness. The normal alleles are represented by A and D, respectively.
a) According to the principle of segregation, what is segregating in these cells?
b) According to Mendel’s principle of independent assortment, what is independently assorting in these cells?
c) How many chromatids are in this cell?
d) Write a genotype of the individual from which this cell was taken.
e) What is the phenotype of this individual?
f) What stage of cell division (mitosis or meiosis) is represented by this cell?
g) After meiosis is complete, how many chromatids and chromosomes will be present in one of the four progeny cells?
5. Draw the following simple pedigree. A man and a woman have three children: a daughter, then two sons. The daughter marries and has monozygotic twin girls (identical twins). The youngest son in generation II is affected with albinism. (Use proper pedigree symbols; draw, scan and add picture to document; do not submit picture independently).
6. A man with blood type A and a women with blood type B have three children. A daughter with AB and two sons, one with type B and one with type O blood. What are the genotypes of the parents?
...
Biparental mating design
Best of presentation prepared for better understanding of biparental mating design under the guidance of Dr. S.K. Singh.
1- The invasive spotted lanternfly has made it to Vermont- It feeds on.docx
1. The invasive spotted lanternfly has made it to Vermont. It feeds on apples and maple trees and deposits honeydew that attracts other pests and encourages mold growth. The Vermont Agency of Agriculture is therefore very concerned. As a scientist working for the US Department of Agriculture, you're working to better understand the genetic bases of traits in this emerging crop pest species. You've identified three important recessive traits, cold tolerance ( t ), super sweet honeydew ( h ) , and rapid development (d) that could affect their ability to colonize Vermont. Limited cold tolerance ( T ) , regular honeydew ( H ) , and normal development ( D ) are dominant. You know these traits are linked to some degree based on your observations of inheritance patterns. You want to map these traits to the chromosome and determine the genetic distance between the loci. You cross purebreeding spotted lanternflies with cold tolerance, super sweet honeydew, and rapid development with purebreeding spotted lanternflies with limited cold tolerance, regular honeydew, and normal development. You then testcross the resulting F1 progeny and observe the following 1000 F2 progeny. A) Determine the gene order and fill in the progeny genotypes in the table above using the gene annotations noted above. (4 pts) Draw a genetic map indicating the gene order and genetic distance between all 3 gene pairs in units of map distance (or cM ); show your work for full credit. Note: You can calculate distance of outer loci by summing. ( 9 pts) B) Determine if the observed frequency of double crossovers is consistent with the expected frequency by calculating the interference value (I). Interpret the results as the % fewer double recombinants than expected. (4 pts)
.
Ch 12 gene linkage groups and practice problems
1. The document discusses genetics concepts like linkage groups, chromosome mapping, parental and recombinant types. It provides examples of genetic crosses in pea plants and fruit flies to demonstrate these concepts.
2. Recombinant types result from crossovers during meiosis, where alleles switch positions on homologous chromosomes. The frequency of recombinants allows calculation of distance between genes.
3. A sample genetics problem is presented, asking the reader to analyze a dihybrid cross in pea plants and determine the chromosome arrangement and distance between genes.
2014-sex-linkage.ppt
This document discusses sex linkage, sex determination, and sex chromosomes. It begins by defining sex linkage as the phenotypic expression of an allele related to an individual's chromosomal sex. Sex determination is defined as the biological system that determines the development of sexual characteristics in an organism. It then discusses several key topics:
- Eukaryotic chromosomes, including that most species are diploid and have homologous chromosome pairs.
- Sex chromosomes, which are the X and Y chromosomes. Females typically have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y chromosome.
- Evidence that supported the chromosome theory of inheritance, including Morgan's experiments with white-eyed Drosophila that demonstrated X-linked inheritance.
FORMATIVE TEST NON MENDELIAN Q1 W4 W5.pptx
1. The document discusses different patterns of non-Mendelian inheritance including incomplete dominance, codominance, sex-linked traits, and sex-influenced traits.
2. Key points are made about incomplete dominance resulting in an intermediate phenotype, codominance where both alleles are expressed simultaneously, and sex-linked traits being transmitted through and influenced by the X and Y chromosomes.
3. Examples are provided of traits exhibiting these patterns like coat color in cattle showing codominance and color blindness as an X-linked trait in humans.
please answer the questions after the a-b-c-and d part You are to dis.pdf
please answer the questions after the a,b,c,and d part
You are to discover the chromosomal location (autosomal or X linked) and mode of inheritance
for two new fly mutations swiss cheese (sc) and dachshund (da) The homozygous swiss cheese
(scsc) phenotype has holes in it's brain The homozygous dachshund (dada) has short legs
PARENTS Cross Male double homozygous mutants sc da with Female wild wild SC DA are to
be crossed BUT FIRST you don't know if either gene is on the X chromosome Parental diploid
genotypes could be: male scscdada female SCSCDADA if Both genes autosomal or Male
XscYdada female XSCXSCDADA if sc on the X chromosome and da autosomal or Male
scscXdaY female SCSCXDAXDA if da on the X chromosome and sc autosomal What are the
expected phenotypes and phenotype ratios for each of the above three F1 x F1 Punnett squares
assuming: (REMEMBER FOR X-LINKED CROSSES THE PHENOTYPE RATIO MIGHT BE
DIFFERENT FOR THE 8 MALES FROM THE RESULTANT 8 FEMALES) Predictions Use
this area to create PHENOTYPE PREDICTIONS that reflect the above Punnett squares for the
F2 generation if the inheritance of the mutant trait is: (Label clearly the phenotype).
REMEMBER: Example for Mendelian dominant recessive there are 4 possibles. DO ALL
FOUR a) both WILD alleles are DOMINANT b) both MUTANT alleles are DOMINANT c)
ONE MUTANT allele is DOMINANT and WILD allele for other gene are DOMINANT d)
Reverse of c For autosomal Punnett - dominant or recessive, For two sex linked Punnett -
dominant or recessive, incomplete dominant (for both sex linked and autosomal) (take a guess on
what phenotype might look like), lethal dominant as embryo (sex linked and autosomal) IS THIS
EVEN POSSIBLE lethal recessive as embryo. ( sex linked and autosomal) IS THIS EVEN
POSSIBLE.
3 You are working on a forensics research project examining.pdf
3. You are working on a forensics research project examining ancient remains recovered from a
burial site in Norway, dating to 1000AD. You believe the skeletons may belong to the infamous
King Kristoff and Queen Anna. Historical records state that this royal couple produced two
children, Sven and Olenna, who then married each other in an attempt to strengthen the royal
bloodline. They had a single son named Hanns, who went on to have one son named Wolf with
his wife Talisa (otherwise unrelated to the family). Wolf never married or had children, but he spent
his life with a male companion named Leif. The burial site contains 8 relatively well-preserved
adult skeletons. You are able to extract enough DNA to successfully PCR seven microsatellite
(STR) loci plus the amelogenin locus and want to determine whether the relationships of these
skeletons match the legend of King Kristoff & Queen Anna. The table below includes data for the
first six skeletons that have been analyzed. Answer the following questions and include a
completed copy of Table 1 in your answers file. For the purpose of this assignment assume that
parental alleles are transmitted faithfully without any new mutations. Table 1. Genotyping and
Identification of skeletons at the ancient burial site.Table 1. Genotyping and Identification of
skeletons at the ancient burial site. A. Draw the pedigree of this family, according to the historical
records described above. Number the generations but identify all individuals by name rather than
number. B. The genotyping results for the last two skeletons have just arrived. Use the capillary
electrophoresis images shown below (Figures 13 ) to extract the genotypes and add them to the
table. C. Use the DNA profiles and pedigree structure to determine who is who. Identify each
skeleton by name in the table and provide a brief written rationale explaining how you arrived at
this conclusion. D. In addition to the adults, the burial site also contains a fetus that appears to
have been born at approximately 20 weeks gestation and did not survive. Due to the small amount
of DNA available in the fetus, only 3 microsatellite loci could be genotyped. The fetus's DNA profile
is provided below. Are you able to determine whether the parents were Kristoff and Anna; Sven
and Olenna; or Hanns and Talisa? Explain. E. Hanns famously lost his hand in the battle of
Clontarf. DNA from hand bones recovered at another burial site match Hanns's DNA profile, but
you want to determine how common this DNA profile might have been in ancient times. Estimated
allele frequencies for this population based on all recovered ancient DNA samples are provided
below in Table 2. According to this information, what is the expected frequency of Hanns's DNA
profile in this population? Is this result convincing that the hand belongs to Hanns? Please show
your work and provide your answer in the following format: l inFigure 1. Genotyping standards,
showing the possible alleles observed .
BI 211 Graded problem set 9 The drosophila alleles for black.pdf
BI 211 Graded problem set 9 The drosophila alleles for black body (instead of the normal tan
color, which is the wild type) and curved Wings (instead of the wild-type straight wings) are both
recessive and on chromosome 2. Gene "C" designates color, with alleles C representing the
dominant tan allele and c representing the recessive black allele, while gene " W " designates the
wing shape gene with W being the dominant straight allele and w the recessive curved allele. You
want to discover how close together these two genes are on chromosome 2. You place one male
from a pure breeding stock and one female from a pure breeding stock (these are the 'parental'
flies) into vial 1. The offspring of this cross (cross 1) hatch in vial 1 . These F1 offspring are
heterozygous for both genes. 1. What is (are) the genotype(s) of the offspring of cross 1 (the F1
flies)? b. To perform the mapping experiment, you select a single male with the genotype coww
and place it into a vial you label 'vial 2' along with a female F1; this is cross 2 . You get 500
offspring in vial 2 (these are the F2 fies). Among these F2 flies, 65 have tan bodies and curved
wings, 70 have black bodies and straight wings, 190 have black bodies and curved wings, and 175
have tan bodies and straight wings. What are the genotypes of offspring with parental phenotypes
(hint there are twol). Show your work. c. What are the genotypes of the recombinant offspring
(hint: there are also twol). d. Two true breeding parents (parents of cross 1) gave rise to the F 1
flies in vial 1. What is the genotype of each parent? parent 1: parent 2: e. What is the percent of
recombinants for these two genes? Show your work..
How do i solve 58 and 59 5 Epistatic cross In this cr.pdf
How do i solve 5.8 and 5.9?
5) Epistatic cross: In this cross there are two genes (dihybrid cross) that are interacting where the
presence of one will mask the other, this is known as an epistatic interaction. The genes involved
in this cross are notched and apterous (wingless). The notched gene is sex-linked ( c
chromosome) while apterous (wingless) is on an autosome. Both genes display dominance so
heterozygotes will appear to have the wild phenotype. When apterous (wingless) is expressed (in
a double recessive individual), we can not determine whether an individual has notched-wings or
wild-type wings (Because it has no wings!). 5.1) Use the following symbols to write out the cross:
Male: o, Use XnnY where " n " is either nw or nww: Female: + , Use XnnXn where " n " is either
nw, or nwc+ On another chromosome: Apterous: wl Wild-type Apterous: wl + A genotype would
include information about the sex and gene associated with the x-chromosome and a secondary
gene that determines wings. Example: XYn/wl++wl+ 5.2) What would the cross look like if we
mated a notched/wingless male with a wild-type female for the same two traits? Place the sex
(symbol) of the individual on the first set of lines and their respective genotypes using the
suggested notations from the previous question in the second set (the genotypes should also
refect the sex). Sex: Genotypes x 5.3) What are the gametes produced by either sex in the
parental generation? Place the symbol for sex on the first set of lines and write down the gametes
produced by that sex in the following set of lines, respectively. Sex: Gametes produced: 5.4) Using
the gametes that you produced from the previous question, fill in the Punpet square and show the
resulting offspring from the cross. Place female gametes to the left of the Punpet square and male
gametes above.5.5) What is the phenotypic distribution for notched wing and wild-type wing for
males and females? Do you observe any wingless flies? Why not? Remember to also include
information about the sex of the individuals with the respective phenotype. 5.6) What would the F1
cross look like if we mated a male F1 and a female F1? Place the sex (use the symbol) of the
individual on the first set of lines and their respective genotypes in the second set (the genotypes
should also refect the sex). Sex: Genotypes x 5.7) What are the gametes produced by either sex
in the F1 generation? Place the genotypes (these genotypes should display the sex and the trait
we are studying) on the first set of lines and write down the gametes produced by that sex in the
following set of lines, respectively. Sex: Gametes produced: 5.8) Using the gametes that you
produced from the previous question, fill in the Punnet square and show the resulting offspring
from the cross. Place female gametes to the left of the Punnet square and male gametes above.
5.9) How many different phenotypes would you expect to observe in the F2 generation? List them.
What is the proportion of.
2011- until the fourth quarter of 2017- You will find that the Twittet.docx
2011, until the fourth quarter of 2017. You will find that the Twittet, Inc. case is great for driling studentis in (D) applying the toois of analysis covened in Chapters 3 . and 4. ( 2 identifying and evaluating a company's strategy, and (3) identifying strategic istuesiproblems that merit top management attention, and then (4) proposing action fecommendations to resolve these issuesiprobiems. Before beginning this exercise, you will need to read the Fivitfer lnc. case. After heading it answer the foliowing questions While focusing on the company's strotegy, competitive conditions, driving forces \& KSFs, as well as andyuing the findncial exhibits presented. What are the strategic issues/problems that merit leadership attentian? Identify the diving forces in the sociai media industry. What appears to be the impocr of these driving forces on the industry? Seiect "Yes" for those statements below that are accurate and choose "no"for those that are not. a. Changing societal attitudes and lifestyles is a driving force that has been fueled by the social media addiction around the worid b. Many celebrities have opted not to use social media due to negative publicity. c.Chanpes in how social media Is used has spatked new and innovative ways to communicate, from social networking. oniline microblogging, to using it as an exchange mediam. d. The diffusion of technological know-how has increased the number of social media users, the cost of Intemet has decreased, and the cost of communication devices is also less, making this a surong force. e. Socal media as a communicasion platform has a negative infiuence on certain age groups, which has led to fewer rubseribers. 1. The impect of the driving forces has led to an increased industry demand. 9 This induzty is begining to experience a decline in subscribers as other forms of communication are becoming availabie. h. The increased demand for ads and coneumer information, and increastd fee income (e 2 . online markets) wir wey increase pet tevenue for the sooinl medla industry.
.
20-13 Programming Project #05A Given the IntNode class- define the Fin.docx
20.13 Programming Project #05A
Given the IntNode class, define the FindMax() function to return the largest value in the list or -99 if the list is empty. Assume all values in the list are non-negative.
Ex: If the list contains:
FindMax(headNode) returns 191.
Ex: If the list contains:
FindMax(headNode) returns -99.
**Please make sure returns -99 and not -1**
Given code:
main.cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class IntNode {
public:
// Constructor
IntNode(int dataInit);
// Get node value
int GetNodeData();
// Get pointer to next node
IntNode* GetNext();
/* Insert node after this node.
Before: this -- next
After: this -- node -- next
*/
void InsertAfter(IntNode* newNode);
private:
int dataVal;
IntNode* nextNodePtr;
};
// Constructor
IntNode::IntNode(int dataInit) {
this->dataVal = dataInit;
nextNodePtr = nullptr;
}
// Get node value
int IntNode::GetNodeData() {
return this->dataVal;
}
// Get pointer to next node
IntNode* IntNode::GetNext() {
return this->nextNodePtr;
}
/* Insert node after this node.
Before: this -- next
After: this -- node -- next
*/
void IntNode::InsertAfter(IntNode* newNode) {
IntNode* tempNext = this->nextNodePtr;
this->nextNodePtr = newNode;
newNode->nextNodePtr = tempNext;
}
// Return largest value in the list
int FindMax(IntNode* headNode) {
/* Type your code here. */
}
int main() {
IntNode* headNode = new IntNode(-1);
IntNode* currNode;
IntNode* lastNode;
int max;
// Initiaize head node
lastNode = headNode;
// Add nodes to the list
for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
currNode = new IntNode(i);
lastNode->InsertAfter(currNode);
lastNode = currNode;
}
max = FindMax(headNode);
cout << "Max is " << max;
return 0;
}
.
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The document discusses meiosis, genetic crosses, and inheritance patterns. It begins by outlining meiosis and its role in genetic variation. It then discusses dihybrid crosses and Mendel's results, which showed independent assortment and ratios of 9:3:3:1. The document further explains linkage, recombination frequency, and genetic maps. It concludes by covering sex-linked inheritance and examples like color blindness and hemophilia.
Homozygous Alleles
The document discusses a simulation of a population of bunnies in England, where some bunnies have a recessive allele that causes them to lack fur. Over generations, as the harsh winters cause the hairless bunnies to die off at higher rates, the frequency of the recessive allele decreases. The results demonstrate natural selection, as the recessive allele becomes less common as it confers a lower chance of survival in that environment.
29 What is the phenotypic distribution for barredeye wild.pdf
2.9) What is the phenotypic distribution for barredeye, wild-type, and intermediate-eye in the F2
generation? Remember to also include information about the sex of the individuals. Identify the
homozygous, heterozygous, and hemizygous indivduals. Which phenotypes are observed in the
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genes are on two different autosomal chromosomes. We will use this cross to determine the ratios
of phenotypes in the F2 generation when there are two genes involved. 3.1) Use the following
symbols to write out the cross: Male: 8 Female: ? Dark body color: DB Wild-type body color: wt
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traits? Place the sex of the individual (symbol) on the first set of lines and their respective
genotypes in the second set. Sex: Genotypes x 3.3) What are the gametes produced by either sex
in the parental generation? Place the symbol for sex on the first set of lines and write down the
gametes produced by that sex in the following set of lines, respectively. Sex:3.3) What are the
gametes produced by either sex in the parental generation? Place the symbol for sex on the first
set of lines and write down the gametes produced by that sex in the following set of lines,
respectively. Sex: Gametes produced: 3.4) Using the gametes that you produced from the
previous question, fill in the Punnet square and show the resulting offspring from the cross. Place
female gametes to the left of the Punnet square and male gametes above. 3.5) What phenotype
should the F1 offspring have? 3.6) What would the F1 cross look like if we mated a male F1 and a
female F1? Place the sex of the individual on the first set of lines and their respective genotypes in
the second set. Sex: Genotypes x 3.7) What are the gametes produced by either sex in the F1
generation? Place the symbol for sex on2.4) Using the gametes that you produced from the
previous question, fill in the Punnet square and show the resulting offspring from the cross. Place
female gametes to the left of the Punnet square and male gametes above. 2.5) What is the
phenotypic distribution for barredeye, wild-type, and intermediate-eye? Remember to also include
information about the sex of the individuals. Identify the homozygous, heterozygous, and
hemizygous indivduals. Why aren't there any wild-type females? 2.6) What would the F1 cross
look like if we mated a male F1 and a female F1? Place the sex (use the symbol) of the individual
on the first set of lines and their respective genotypes in the second set (the genotypes should
also refect the sex). Sex: Genotypes x 2.7) What are the gametes produced by either sex in the F1
generation? Place the genotypes (these genotypes should display the sex and the trait we are
studying) on the first set of lines and write down the gamet.
Please- answers all my question is for genetic class 3- Describe the.docx
Please, answers all my question is for genetic class
3. Describe the pattern of inheritance shown in the pedigree below, giving evidence to support your answer. Give the genotypes for individuals II-2, II-4 and II-2. Include a legend for the symbols used. (10 marks) Describe the pattern of inheritance shown in the pedigree below, giving evidence to support your answer. Give the genotypes for individuals II-4, II-7 and III-7. Include a legend for the symbols used. ( 10 marks) 5. A type of hemophilia is due to an X-linked recessive allele. An affected man whose phenotype has been successfully managed now has children with a woman who is a carrier. Providing a legend for your, answer the following questions: a. What are the genotypes of the mother and father? (1 mark) b. What are the probabilities that i. a child will be affected with hemophilia. ii. a child is a carrier. iii. their daughter is a carrier. iv. their male fetus will be affected. (4 marks) 6. Genes for two different recessive disorders are linked on the X chromosome; they are 26 map units apart. A woman is a carrier for both disorder A and disorder B , with the alleles for these genes in cis. Her husband has normal alleles for both of these genes. The woman is pregnant with their first son. What is the probability (in percent) this son is affected with both disorders? Explain, showing the proportions and types of the woman's gametes and identifying them as parental or recombinant. (5 marks) 7. In certain human matings of albino and black-haired parents, the offspring are always blackhaired. When these black-haired offspring of the different families mate with each other (non-consanguineously) and their children are pooled to get significant data, these are the children's phenotypic proportions: 9 black-haired children 3 brown-haired children 4 albino children a. How many genes are involved in this trait? b. How many alleles of each gene are there? c. What type of gene interaction is occurring for this trait? Describe it. d. What are the genotypes of the initial albino and black-haired parents? Provide a legend. e. What are the genotypes of their offspring (all black-haired)? f. What are the genotypes and the specific proportions of the albino children in the third generation? g. What are the genotypes of the brown-haired children? 8. Which type of chromosomal aneuploidy typically has less severe effects on an individual: sex chromosome aneuploidy or autosomal aneuploidy? Explain why. (4 marks) 9. An organism has six chromosomes in its somatic cells. Determine the number of gametes with different chromosome compositions that this organism can potentially create. Explain your answer, including the genetic basis for your calculation. Ignore the allelic variation created by crossing over. ( 4 marks) 10. Compare the inheritance and transmission of Xlinked genes with that of mitochondrial genes. (4 marks) 11. A woman has a normal number of fingers and toes. She has many relatives with ex.
1- A new phenotype of leaf morphology is found in the wild-curly leaf.pdf
1. A new phenotype of leaf morphology is found in the wild-curly leaf ( CL ) . Two true-
breeding lines following results from crossing and allowing self-fertilization for several
generations. What would be the expected phenotypic ratios of the F 1 , F 2 , and F 3 generations
from a cross of the parental CL pollen onto an F1 pistil above from the cross on the right (a curly
leaf F1 from above). The lines to cross are in bold above. ( 6 points) 2. 2. White ( X w ) is an X -
linked recessive gene; cinnabar ( c n ) and sepia (se) are independent autosomal recessive traits
in Drosophila. Females who are homozygous and males who are hemizygous for white have
white eyes, regardless of what other alleles are present. In addition, individuals who are
homozygous for both cinnabar and sepia are also white. The following crosses were made; then
the F1's were allowed to mate among themselves to produce F 2 s. The following vials of F2
progeny were obtained. Match the cross with the correct vial. ( 8 points).
Genetic linkage
The document discusses genetic linkage and mapping in Drosophila melanogaster. It describes how Thomas Morgan showed that two genes, white eye (w) and miniature wing (m), are linked on the X chromosome through test crosses. Recombination between linked genes occurs through crossing over during meiosis. Genetic mapping uses recombination frequencies between genes to determine their relative positions and distances on chromosomes in map units (centimorgans). A three-point test cross can detect double crossovers and more accurately determine map distances between closely linked genes.
4 Dr D next hands you a different tray of vials of flies .pdf
4. Dr. D next hands you a different tray of vials of flies. He has better records for these flies. He
had mated a fly with no bristles to a fly with no antennae. The F1 offspring of this cross all
appeared wild type - they had both bristles and antennae. He mated one of male F1s with a
female fly that did not have bristles or antennae. The vlais of flies he has given you contain their F
2 offspring. You count those, and observe the following phenotypes: 117 With both bristles and
antennae 832 With bristles but not antennae 795 With antennae but not bristles 123 With neither
bristles nor antennae Based on the ratios of these offspring phenotypes, a. Are the genes linked or
not? If they are, what is the recombination frequency? What is the map distance between these
genes? b. What is the arrangement of the alleles on the male parent's chromosomes?.
GENETICS
1) The document discusses genetic inheritance patterns in families and how chance affects these patterns.
2) While plant and animal experiments show clear Mendelian ratios, family sizes in humans are usually too small to see these ratios.
3) The combination of genetic and random chance factors mean that sibling outcomes can vary significantly from expected ratios, even for simple single-gene traits.
Adams et al 1977 number of sex alleles
This document discusses estimating the number of sex alleles and queen matings in a population of Apis mellifera (honey bees) based on the frequency of diploid males observed. The number of sex alleles is estimated to be 18.9 based on data from a population of 90 hives in Brazil, which is larger than previous estimates of 10-12 alleles. The best estimate of the number of matings per queen is 17.3, obtained using a maximum likelihood approach assuming a prior distribution on the number of matings. The distribution of diploid males depends on both the number of sex alleles and the number of drones that mate with each queen.
tgat is everything b Draw a Punnett square to illustrate a.pdf
tgat is everything
b. Draw a Punnett square to illustrate a crons between a birch hetenomygous for bark colour and
trunk searring and a birch homory 6 ous recevise for both characteristios Give the rerulting
genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring of this cross. c. After prealatigg the results of the
cross in part b. the actual cross between these white birch was carried out and resulted in the
following numbers of offspring: 92 white bark, scarred trunk 96 grey bark, unscarred trunk 5 white
bark, unscarred trunk 7 grey bark, scarred trunk Calculate the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of
these offispring- How do these results compare to your predicted ratios above? You began this
question with the assumption that the genes responsible for bark colour and trunk scarring were
locared on separate chromosomes. Do the observed results support this assumption? Explain
what these results mean and why you can make that conclusion. 8. A local farmer, plagued by
roving herbivores, has decided to befriend a new herd of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus
vinginiamus). Having taken a number of genetics courses during his Agriculture degree, the farmer
decides to observe the heritability of a couple of phenotypic traits. In these deer, a white patch on
the chest (R) is dominant to not having a patch ( r, and white spots along their side (T) are
dominant to no spots(t). After a particularly hot summer, the farmer notices a new male deer in the
area that looks to have been trapped by a forest fire- it's fur is badly singed, and none of the
typical colouration is visible.Based on this, what are the genorypes of the gametes from an
organism with the genotype QqRr ? Trae or False: These gametes will all be equally likely. 4.
What are the two uses for a test cross? 3. a. 5. Give an example of a phenotypic frequency: 6.
Give an cxample of a genotypic ratio: 7. In White birch (Bernila papyrifena, a species of tree),
white bark (B) is dominant to grey bark (b), and the presence of black trunk scars (E) is dominant
to an unscarred trunk (e). a. Assuming that these genes are located on separate chromosomes,
draw a Punnett square to illustrate a cross between a birch homozygous for white bark and a
scarred trunk and a birch with grey bark and unscarred trunk. What are the resulting genotype and
phenotype of the F1 ?Give the realting genotypic and phenotypie ratios of the offipring of this
crows. c. After prraictivg the results of the cross in part b, the actual cross between theie. white
birch was carried out and reulied in the following number of otfopring 92 white bark, scurred trunk
96 grcy bark, unscarred trunk 5 white bark, unscarred trunk 7 grey bark, scarrod trunk Calculate
the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of theie offspring. How do these remults compare to your
predicted ratios above? You began this question with the assamption that the genes responsible
for bark colour and trunk scarring were located on separate chromosomes. Do the observed
resalis sup.
Answer the following questions1. Given the following matings, w
Answer the following questions:
1. Given the following matings, what are the predicted genotypes and genotypic ratios of the offspring?
a) Aa X aa
b) Aa X Aa
c) AA X Aa
2. Wet ear wax (W) is dominant over dry ear wax (w)
a) A 3:1 phenotypic ratio of F1 progeny indicates that the parents are of what genotype?
b) A 1:1 phenotypic ratio of F1 progeny indicates that the parents are of what genotype?
3. A woman is heterozygous for two genes. How many different types of gametes can she produce, and in what proportions?
4. The following diagram shows a hypothetical diploid cell:
The recessing allele for albinism is represented by a, and d represents the recessive allele for deafness. The normal alleles are represented by A and D, respectively.
a) According to the principle of segregation, what is segregating in these cells?
b) According to Mendel’s principle of independent assortment, what is independently assorting in these cells?
c) How many chromatids are in this cell?
d) Write a genotype of the individual from which this cell was taken.
e) What is the phenotype of this individual?
f) What stage of cell division (mitosis or meiosis) is represented by this cell?
g) After meiosis is complete, how many chromatids and chromosomes will be present in one of the four progeny cells?
5. Draw the following simple pedigree. A man and a woman have three children: a daughter, then two sons. The daughter marries and has monozygotic twin girls (identical twins). The youngest son in generation II is affected with albinism. (Use proper pedigree symbols; draw, scan and add picture to document; do not submit picture independently).
6. A man with blood type A and a women with blood type B have three children. A daughter with AB and two sons, one with type B and one with type O blood. What are the genotypes of the parents?
...
Biparental mating design
Best of presentation prepared for better understanding of biparental mating design under the guidance of Dr. S.K. Singh.
1- The invasive spotted lanternfly has made it to Vermont- It feeds on.docx
1. The invasive spotted lanternfly has made it to Vermont. It feeds on apples and maple trees and deposits honeydew that attracts other pests and encourages mold growth. The Vermont Agency of Agriculture is therefore very concerned. As a scientist working for the US Department of Agriculture, you're working to better understand the genetic bases of traits in this emerging crop pest species. You've identified three important recessive traits, cold tolerance ( t ), super sweet honeydew ( h ) , and rapid development (d) that could affect their ability to colonize Vermont. Limited cold tolerance ( T ) , regular honeydew ( H ) , and normal development ( D ) are dominant. You know these traits are linked to some degree based on your observations of inheritance patterns. You want to map these traits to the chromosome and determine the genetic distance between the loci. You cross purebreeding spotted lanternflies with cold tolerance, super sweet honeydew, and rapid development with purebreeding spotted lanternflies with limited cold tolerance, regular honeydew, and normal development. You then testcross the resulting F1 progeny and observe the following 1000 F2 progeny. A) Determine the gene order and fill in the progeny genotypes in the table above using the gene annotations noted above. (4 pts) Draw a genetic map indicating the gene order and genetic distance between all 3 gene pairs in units of map distance (or cM ); show your work for full credit. Note: You can calculate distance of outer loci by summing. ( 9 pts) B) Determine if the observed frequency of double crossovers is consistent with the expected frequency by calculating the interference value (I). Interpret the results as the % fewer double recombinants than expected. (4 pts)
.
Ch 12 gene linkage groups and practice problems
1. The document discusses genetics concepts like linkage groups, chromosome mapping, parental and recombinant types. It provides examples of genetic crosses in pea plants and fruit flies to demonstrate these concepts.
2. Recombinant types result from crossovers during meiosis, where alleles switch positions on homologous chromosomes. The frequency of recombinants allows calculation of distance between genes.
3. A sample genetics problem is presented, asking the reader to analyze a dihybrid cross in pea plants and determine the chromosome arrangement and distance between genes.
2014-sex-linkage.ppt
This document discusses sex linkage, sex determination, and sex chromosomes. It begins by defining sex linkage as the phenotypic expression of an allele related to an individual's chromosomal sex. Sex determination is defined as the biological system that determines the development of sexual characteristics in an organism. It then discusses several key topics:
- Eukaryotic chromosomes, including that most species are diploid and have homologous chromosome pairs.
- Sex chromosomes, which are the X and Y chromosomes. Females typically have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y chromosome.
- Evidence that supported the chromosome theory of inheritance, including Morgan's experiments with white-eyed Drosophila that demonstrated X-linked inheritance.
FORMATIVE TEST NON MENDELIAN Q1 W4 W5.pptx
1. The document discusses different patterns of non-Mendelian inheritance including incomplete dominance, codominance, sex-linked traits, and sex-influenced traits.
2. Key points are made about incomplete dominance resulting in an intermediate phenotype, codominance where both alleles are expressed simultaneously, and sex-linked traits being transmitted through and influenced by the X and Y chromosomes.
3. Examples are provided of traits exhibiting these patterns like coat color in cattle showing codominance and color blindness as an X-linked trait in humans.
please answer the questions after the a-b-c-and d part You are to dis.pdf
please answer the questions after the a,b,c,and d part
You are to discover the chromosomal location (autosomal or X linked) and mode of inheritance
for two new fly mutations swiss cheese (sc) and dachshund (da) The homozygous swiss cheese
(scsc) phenotype has holes in it's brain The homozygous dachshund (dada) has short legs
PARENTS Cross Male double homozygous mutants sc da with Female wild wild SC DA are to
be crossed BUT FIRST you don't know if either gene is on the X chromosome Parental diploid
genotypes could be: male scscdada female SCSCDADA if Both genes autosomal or Male
XscYdada female XSCXSCDADA if sc on the X chromosome and da autosomal or Male
scscXdaY female SCSCXDAXDA if da on the X chromosome and sc autosomal What are the
expected phenotypes and phenotype ratios for each of the above three F1 x F1 Punnett squares
assuming: (REMEMBER FOR X-LINKED CROSSES THE PHENOTYPE RATIO MIGHT BE
DIFFERENT FOR THE 8 MALES FROM THE RESULTANT 8 FEMALES) Predictions Use
this area to create PHENOTYPE PREDICTIONS that reflect the above Punnett squares for the
F2 generation if the inheritance of the mutant trait is: (Label clearly the phenotype).
REMEMBER: Example for Mendelian dominant recessive there are 4 possibles. DO ALL
FOUR a) both WILD alleles are DOMINANT b) both MUTANT alleles are DOMINANT c)
ONE MUTANT allele is DOMINANT and WILD allele for other gene are DOMINANT d)
Reverse of c For autosomal Punnett - dominant or recessive, For two sex linked Punnett -
dominant or recessive, incomplete dominant (for both sex linked and autosomal) (take a guess on
what phenotype might look like), lethal dominant as embryo (sex linked and autosomal) IS THIS
EVEN POSSIBLE lethal recessive as embryo. ( sex linked and autosomal) IS THIS EVEN
POSSIBLE.
3 You are working on a forensics research project examining.pdf
3. You are working on a forensics research project examining ancient remains recovered from a
burial site in Norway, dating to 1000AD. You believe the skeletons may belong to the infamous
King Kristoff and Queen Anna. Historical records state that this royal couple produced two
children, Sven and Olenna, who then married each other in an attempt to strengthen the royal
bloodline. They had a single son named Hanns, who went on to have one son named Wolf with
his wife Talisa (otherwise unrelated to the family). Wolf never married or had children, but he spent
his life with a male companion named Leif. The burial site contains 8 relatively well-preserved
adult skeletons. You are able to extract enough DNA to successfully PCR seven microsatellite
(STR) loci plus the amelogenin locus and want to determine whether the relationships of these
skeletons match the legend of King Kristoff & Queen Anna. The table below includes data for the
first six skeletons that have been analyzed. Answer the following questions and include a
completed copy of Table 1 in your answers file. For the purpose of this assignment assume that
parental alleles are transmitted faithfully without any new mutations. Table 1. Genotyping and
Identification of skeletons at the ancient burial site.Table 1. Genotyping and Identification of
skeletons at the ancient burial site. A. Draw the pedigree of this family, according to the historical
records described above. Number the generations but identify all individuals by name rather than
number. B. The genotyping results for the last two skeletons have just arrived. Use the capillary
electrophoresis images shown below (Figures 13 ) to extract the genotypes and add them to the
table. C. Use the DNA profiles and pedigree structure to determine who is who. Identify each
skeleton by name in the table and provide a brief written rationale explaining how you arrived at
this conclusion. D. In addition to the adults, the burial site also contains a fetus that appears to
have been born at approximately 20 weeks gestation and did not survive. Due to the small amount
of DNA available in the fetus, only 3 microsatellite loci could be genotyped. The fetus's DNA profile
is provided below. Are you able to determine whether the parents were Kristoff and Anna; Sven
and Olenna; or Hanns and Talisa? Explain. E. Hanns famously lost his hand in the battle of
Clontarf. DNA from hand bones recovered at another burial site match Hanns's DNA profile, but
you want to determine how common this DNA profile might have been in ancient times. Estimated
allele frequencies for this population based on all recovered ancient DNA samples are provided
below in Table 2. According to this information, what is the expected frequency of Hanns's DNA
profile in this population? Is this result convincing that the hand belongs to Hanns? Please show
your work and provide your answer in the following format: l inFigure 1. Genotyping standards,
showing the possible alleles observed .
BI 211 Graded problem set 9 The drosophila alleles for black.pdf
BI 211 Graded problem set 9 The drosophila alleles for black body (instead of the normal tan
color, which is the wild type) and curved Wings (instead of the wild-type straight wings) are both
recessive and on chromosome 2. Gene "C" designates color, with alleles C representing the
dominant tan allele and c representing the recessive black allele, while gene " W " designates the
wing shape gene with W being the dominant straight allele and w the recessive curved allele. You
want to discover how close together these two genes are on chromosome 2. You place one male
from a pure breeding stock and one female from a pure breeding stock (these are the 'parental'
flies) into vial 1. The offspring of this cross (cross 1) hatch in vial 1 . These F1 offspring are
heterozygous for both genes. 1. What is (are) the genotype(s) of the offspring of cross 1 (the F1
flies)? b. To perform the mapping experiment, you select a single male with the genotype coww
and place it into a vial you label 'vial 2' along with a female F1; this is cross 2 . You get 500
offspring in vial 2 (these are the F2 fies). Among these F2 flies, 65 have tan bodies and curved
wings, 70 have black bodies and straight wings, 190 have black bodies and curved wings, and 175
have tan bodies and straight wings. What are the genotypes of offspring with parental phenotypes
(hint there are twol). Show your work. c. What are the genotypes of the recombinant offspring
(hint: there are also twol). d. Two true breeding parents (parents of cross 1) gave rise to the F 1
flies in vial 1. What is the genotype of each parent? parent 1: parent 2: e. What is the percent of
recombinants for these two genes? Show your work..
How do i solve 58 and 59 5 Epistatic cross In this cr.pdf
How do i solve 5.8 and 5.9?
5) Epistatic cross: In this cross there are two genes (dihybrid cross) that are interacting where the
presence of one will mask the other, this is known as an epistatic interaction. The genes involved
in this cross are notched and apterous (wingless). The notched gene is sex-linked ( c
chromosome) while apterous (wingless) is on an autosome. Both genes display dominance so
heterozygotes will appear to have the wild phenotype. When apterous (wingless) is expressed (in
a double recessive individual), we can not determine whether an individual has notched-wings or
wild-type wings (Because it has no wings!). 5.1) Use the following symbols to write out the cross:
Male: o, Use XnnY where " n " is either nw or nww: Female: + , Use XnnXn where " n " is either
nw, or nwc+ On another chromosome: Apterous: wl Wild-type Apterous: wl + A genotype would
include information about the sex and gene associated with the x-chromosome and a secondary
gene that determines wings. Example: XYn/wl++wl+ 5.2) What would the cross look like if we
mated a notched/wingless male with a wild-type female for the same two traits? Place the sex
(symbol) of the individual on the first set of lines and their respective genotypes using the
suggested notations from the previous question in the second set (the genotypes should also
refect the sex). Sex: Genotypes x 5.3) What are the gametes produced by either sex in the
parental generation? Place the symbol for sex on the first set of lines and write down the gametes
produced by that sex in the following set of lines, respectively. Sex: Gametes produced: 5.4) Using
the gametes that you produced from the previous question, fill in the Punpet square and show the
resulting offspring from the cross. Place female gametes to the left of the Punpet square and male
gametes above.5.5) What is the phenotypic distribution for notched wing and wild-type wing for
males and females? Do you observe any wingless flies? Why not? Remember to also include
information about the sex of the individuals with the respective phenotype. 5.6) What would the F1
cross look like if we mated a male F1 and a female F1? Place the sex (use the symbol) of the
individual on the first set of lines and their respective genotypes in the second set (the genotypes
should also refect the sex). Sex: Genotypes x 5.7) What are the gametes produced by either sex
in the F1 generation? Place the genotypes (these genotypes should display the sex and the trait
we are studying) on the first set of lines and write down the gametes produced by that sex in the
following set of lines, respectively. Sex: Gametes produced: 5.8) Using the gametes that you
produced from the previous question, fill in the Punnet square and show the resulting offspring
from the cross. Place female gametes to the left of the Punnet square and male gametes above.
5.9) How many different phenotypes would you expect to observe in the F2 generation? List them.
What is the proportion of.
Similar to 2- In Drosophila- a cross was made between females - all expressing th.docx (20)
29 What is the phenotypic distribution for barredeye wild.pdf
29 What is the phenotypic distribution for barredeye wild.pdf
Please- answers all my question is for genetic class 3- Describe the.docx
Please- answers all my question is for genetic class 3- Describe the.docx
1- A new phenotype of leaf morphology is found in the wild-curly leaf.pdf
1- A new phenotype of leaf morphology is found in the wild-curly leaf.pdf
4 Dr D next hands you a different tray of vials of flies .pdf
4 Dr D next hands you a different tray of vials of flies .pdf
tgat is everything b Draw a Punnett square to illustrate a.pdf
tgat is everything b Draw a Punnett square to illustrate a.pdf
Answer the following questions1. Given the following matings, w
Answer the following questions1. Given the following matings, w
1- The invasive spotted lanternfly has made it to Vermont- It feeds on.docx
1- The invasive spotted lanternfly has made it to Vermont- It feeds on.docx
please answer the questions after the a-b-c-and d part You are to dis.pdf
please answer the questions after the a-b-c-and d part You are to dis.pdf
3 You are working on a forensics research project examining.pdf
3 You are working on a forensics research project examining.pdf
BI 211 Graded problem set 9 The drosophila alleles for black.pdf
BI 211 Graded problem set 9 The drosophila alleles for black.pdf
How do i solve 58 and 59 5 Epistatic cross In this cr.pdf
How do i solve 58 and 59 5 Epistatic cross In this cr.pdf
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2011- until the fourth quarter of 2017- You will find that the Twittet.docx
2011, until the fourth quarter of 2017. You will find that the Twittet, Inc. case is great for driling studentis in (D) applying the toois of analysis covened in Chapters 3 . and 4. ( 2 identifying and evaluating a company's strategy, and (3) identifying strategic istuesiproblems that merit top management attention, and then (4) proposing action fecommendations to resolve these issuesiprobiems. Before beginning this exercise, you will need to read the Fivitfer lnc. case. After heading it answer the foliowing questions While focusing on the company's strotegy, competitive conditions, driving forces \& KSFs, as well as andyuing the findncial exhibits presented. What are the strategic issues/problems that merit leadership attentian? Identify the diving forces in the sociai media industry. What appears to be the impocr of these driving forces on the industry? Seiect "Yes" for those statements below that are accurate and choose "no"for those that are not. a. Changing societal attitudes and lifestyles is a driving force that has been fueled by the social media addiction around the worid b. Many celebrities have opted not to use social media due to negative publicity. c.Chanpes in how social media Is used has spatked new and innovative ways to communicate, from social networking. oniline microblogging, to using it as an exchange mediam. d. The diffusion of technological know-how has increased the number of social media users, the cost of Intemet has decreased, and the cost of communication devices is also less, making this a surong force. e. Socal media as a communicasion platform has a negative infiuence on certain age groups, which has led to fewer rubseribers. 1. The impect of the driving forces has led to an increased industry demand. 9 This induzty is begining to experience a decline in subscribers as other forms of communication are becoming availabie. h. The increased demand for ads and coneumer information, and increastd fee income (e 2 . online markets) wir wey increase pet tevenue for the sooinl medla industry.
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20-13 Programming Project #05A Given the IntNode class- define the Fin.docx
20.13 Programming Project #05A
Given the IntNode class, define the FindMax() function to return the largest value in the list or -99 if the list is empty. Assume all values in the list are non-negative.
Ex: If the list contains:
FindMax(headNode) returns 191.
Ex: If the list contains:
FindMax(headNode) returns -99.
**Please make sure returns -99 and not -1**
Given code:
main.cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class IntNode {
public:
// Constructor
IntNode(int dataInit);
// Get node value
int GetNodeData();
// Get pointer to next node
IntNode* GetNext();
/* Insert node after this node.
Before: this -- next
After: this -- node -- next
*/
void InsertAfter(IntNode* newNode);
private:
int dataVal;
IntNode* nextNodePtr;
};
// Constructor
IntNode::IntNode(int dataInit) {
this->dataVal = dataInit;
nextNodePtr = nullptr;
}
// Get node value
int IntNode::GetNodeData() {
return this->dataVal;
}
// Get pointer to next node
IntNode* IntNode::GetNext() {
return this->nextNodePtr;
}
/* Insert node after this node.
Before: this -- next
After: this -- node -- next
*/
void IntNode::InsertAfter(IntNode* newNode) {
IntNode* tempNext = this->nextNodePtr;
this->nextNodePtr = newNode;
newNode->nextNodePtr = tempNext;
}
// Return largest value in the list
int FindMax(IntNode* headNode) {
/* Type your code here. */
}
int main() {
IntNode* headNode = new IntNode(-1);
IntNode* currNode;
IntNode* lastNode;
int max;
// Initiaize head node
lastNode = headNode;
// Add nodes to the list
for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
currNode = new IntNode(i);
lastNode->InsertAfter(currNode);
lastNode = currNode;
}
max = FindMax(headNode);
cout << "Max is " << max;
return 0;
}
.
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d) It attempts to empower, and improve problem-solving or quality of work.
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