The document describes a C++ program that defines functions to perform various operations on 2D matrices including addition, subtraction, multiplication, checking equivalence, and displaying the upper/lower triangular portions. The main function gets the size of two matrices from the user, inputs the elements, displays a menu of options to perform the different operations, and calls the appropriate functions based on the user's selection.

1. /* Wap in c++ to perform basic operations on 2-D matrices using UDF */
#include<iostream.h>
#include<process.h>
#include<conio.h>
inta[80][80],b[80][80]; // 2-D matrices
inti=0, j=0;
intm, n, p,q; // Matrix 1 : m= no. of Rows, n=no. of Columns
// Matrix 2 : p= no. of Rows, q=no. of Columns
intmc, oc, sum=0;
// FunctionDeclarations
voidadd(inta[80][80],intb[80][80]);
voidsubtract(inta[80][80],intb[80][80]);
voidmultiply(inta[80][80],intb[80][80]);
voidmultiply1(intb[80][80],inta[80][80]);
voidequivalency( inta[80][80],intb[80][80]);
voidupper_tri(inta[80][80]);
voidlower_tri(inta[80][80]);
voiddiagonal_1_a(inta[80][80]);
voidrow_sum_a(inta[80][80]);
voidcolumn_sum_a(inta[80][80]);
voidmain() //mainbody
{clrscr();
int ch,op;char choice;
l: cout<<"nnDescribe the Sizeof matrix 1: ";
cout<<"nnntEnterthe numberof rows:";
cin>>m;
cout<<"nntEnterthe numberof columns:";
cin>>n;
cout<<"nnEnterthe elementsof matrix 1: nn";
for(i=0;i<m; i++)
for(j=0;j<n; j++)
cin>>a[i][j];
cout<<"nnnnDescribe the sizeof matrix 2 : ";
cout<<"nnntEnterthe numberof rows:";
cin>>p;
cout<<"nntEnterthe numberof columns:";
cin>>q;
cout<<"nnEnterthe elementsof matrix 2: nn";
for(i=0;i<p; i++)
for(j=0;j<q; j++)
cin>>b[i][j];
for(i=0;i<80; i++)
cout<<"-";
cout<<"nnMatrix 1 is : nn";
for(i=0;i<m; i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n; j++)
{

2. cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<"nn";
}
cout<<"nnMatrix 2 is : nn";
for(i=0;i<p; i++)
{
for(j=0;j<q; j++)
{
cout<<b[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<"nn";
}
do{
cout<<"nnChoose fromthe followingmenu:";
cout<<"nn1.Add two2-D arrays ";
cout<<"nn2.Subtract two2-D arrays ";
cout<<"nn3.Multiplytwo2-D arrays " ;
cout<<"nn4.Checkequivalencyof two2-D matrices.";
cout<<"nn5.Upper triangularmatrix ";
cout<<"nn6.LowerTriangularmatrix ";
cout<<"nn7.Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements";
cout<<"nn8.Displayandfindrowwise sumof 2-D array ";
cout<<"nn9.Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array ";
cout<<"nn10. Exit";
cout<<"nnnnEnteryourchoice :";
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{
case 1 : if(m==p)
if(n==q)
add(a,b);
else
{
cout<<"nnNumberof columnsof matricesare notsame. nEnterthe matricesagain.";
goto l;
}
else
{
cout<<"nnNumberof rowsof matricesare not same. nEnterthe matricesagain.";
goto l;
}
break;
case 2 : if(m==p)
if(n==q)
{
kk:
cout<<"nnt1.SubtractMatrix 2 fromMatrix 1 ";
cout<<"nnt1.SubtractMatrix 1 fromMatrix 2 ";
cout<<"nntEnteryourchoice :";cin>>mc;
switch(mc)
{
case 1 : subtract(a,b);break;
case 2 : subtract(b,a);break;
default:cout<<"nnPleaseenterdesiredkeyword.";gotokk;
}
}

3. else
{
cout<<"nnNumberof columnsof matricesare notsame. nEnterthe matricesagain.";
goto l;
}
else
{
cout<<"nnNumberof rowsof matricesare not same. nEnterthe matricesagain.";
goto l;
}
break;
case 3 : cout<<"nnt(i). Multiplymatrix 1withmatrix 2 ";
cout<<"nnt(ii).Multiplymatrix 2withmatrix 1 ";
cout<<"nntEnteryourchoice : "; cin>>op;
switch(op)
{
case 1 : if(n==p)
multiply(a,b);
else
{
cout<<"nnMultiplicaionnotpossible,asno.of columnsof firstmatrix != no.of rowsof
secondmatrix. nEnterthe matricesagain.";
gotol;
}
break;
case 2 : if(m==q)
multiply1(b,a);
else
{
cout<<"nnMultiplicaion notpossible,asno.of columnsof firstmatrix != no. of rows of
secondmatrix. nEnterthe matricesagain.";
goto l;
}
break;
}
break;
case 4: if(m==p)
if(n==q)
equivalency(a,b);
else
cout<<"nnMatricesare not equivalent.";
else
cout<<"nnMatricesare notequivalent.";
break;
case 5:
cout<<"nnt(i).DisplayUppertriangularof matrix 1";
cout<<"nnt(ii).DisplayUppertriangularof matrix 2";
cout<<"nntPlease enteryourchoice :"; cin>>mc;
switch(mc)
{
case 1 : if(m==n)
upper_tri(a);
else

4. cout<<"nnUpperTriangle cannotbe displayed.Matrix shouldbe square.";
break;
case 2 : if(p==q)
upper_tri(b);
else
cout<<"nnUpperTriangle cannotbe displayed.Matrix shouldbe square.";
break;
}
break;
case 6: cout<<"nnt(i).DisplayLowertriangularmatrix 1";
cout<<"nnt(ii).DisplayLowertriangularmatrix 2 ";
cout<<"nntEnteryourchoice : "; cin>>mc;
switch(mc)
{
case 1 : if(m==n)
lower_tri(a);
else
cout<<"nnLowerTriangle cannotbe displayed.Matrix shouldbe square.";
break;
case 2 : if(p==q)
lower_tri(b);
else
cout<<"nnLowerTriangle cannotbe displayed.Matrix shouldbe square.";
break;
}
break;
case 7:
cout<<"nnt(i).Diagonalsof matrix 1";
cout<<"nnt(ii).Diagonalsof matrix 2";
cout<<"nntEnteryourchoice : "; cin>>oc;
switch(oc)
{
case 1 : cout<<"nntt1.Findsumof diagonal (top-lefttobottom-right) ";
cout<<"nntt2.Findsumof diagonal (bottom-lefttotop-right) ";
cout<<"nnttEnteryourchoice :"; cin>>mc;
diagonal_1_a(a);
break;
case 2 : cout<<"nntt1.Findsumof diagonal (top-lefttobottom-right) ";
cout<<"nntt2.Findsumof diagonal (bottom-lefttotop-right) ";
cout<<"nnttEnteryourchoice :"; cin>>mc;
diagonal_1_a(b);
break;
}
break;
case 8:
cout<<"nnt1.Displayandfindrow wise sumof a matrix 1 : ";
cout<<"nnt2.Displayandfindrow wise sumof a matrix 2 : ";
cout<<"nntEnteryourchoice :"; cin>>oc;
switch(oc)
{
case 1 : row_sum_a(a); break;
case 2 : row_sum_a(b);break;
}

5. break;
case 9: cout<<"nnt1.Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof a matrix 1 : ";
cout<<"nnt2.Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof a matrix 2 : ";
cout<<"nntEnteryourchoice :"; cin>>oc;
switch(oc)
{
case 1 : column_sum_a(a);break;
case 2 : column_sum_a(b);break;
}
break;
case 10 : exit(10);
}
cout<<"nnnWanttochoose again=> "; cin>>choice;
}while(choice=='y'||choice=='Y');
getch();
}
//----------------------------------------------------------- FunctionDefinitions ---------------------------------------------------------
voidadd(inta[80][80],intb[80][80])
{
intc[80][80];
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<n; j++)
c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
cout<<"nnnResultantmatrix byadditionis: nn";
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n; j++)
{
cout<<c[i][j]<<"";
}
cout<<"n";
}
}
voidsubtract(inta[80][80],intb[80][80])
{intl,u;
if (mc==1)
{
l=m;
u=n;
}
else
l=p;
u=q;
intc[80][80];
for(i=0;i<l;i++)
for(j=0;j<u; j++)

6. c[i][j]=a[i][j]-b[i][j];
cout<<"nnnResultantmatrix by Subtraction is:nn";
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n; j++)
{
cout<<c[i][j]<<"";
}
cout<<"n";
}
}
voidmultiply(inta[80][80],intb[80][80])
{
intc[80][80];
j=0;
intk=0;
cout<<”nnResultantof Matrix Multiplication:“;
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{ cout<<"n";
for(j=0; j<q;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<n; k++)
{ c[i][j]=c[i][j]+(a[i][k]*b[k][j]);
}
cout<<c[i][j]<<"";
}
}
}
voidmultiply1(intb[80][80],inta[80][80])
{
intc[80][80];
j=0;
intk=0;
intsum=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(k=0; k<n; k++)
{
for(j=0;j<n; j++)
{
sum=sum+b[i][j]*a[j][k];
}
c[i][k]=sum;
sum=0;
}
}
cout<<”nnResultantof Matrix Multiplication:“;
cout<<"nnnn";
for(i=0;i<p;i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n;j++)

7. cout<<c[i][j]<<"";
cout<<"n";
}
}
voidequivalency( inta[80][80],intb[80][80])
{intcount=0;
for(i=0;i<m; i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n; j++)
{
if(a[i][j]==b[i][j])
++count;
}
}
if(count==(m*n))
cout<<"nnThe matricesare equivalent.";
else
cout<<"nnThe matricesare not equivalent.";
}
voidupper_tri(inta[80][80])
{ints;
if(mc==1)
s=m;
else
s=p;
cout<<”nnUppertriangle of matrix is: “;
for(i=0;i<s; i++)
{
for(intl=0; l<=(i+1)*2; l++)
cout<<" ";
for(j=i;j<s;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<"";
}
cout<<"n";
}
}
voidlower_tri(inta[80][80])
{intz;
if(mc==1)
z=m;
else
z=p;
cout<<”nnLowertriangle of matrix is: “;
for(i=0;i<z; i++)
{
for(j=0;j<=i; j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<"";
}

8. cout<<"n";
}
}
voiddiagonal_1_a(inta[80][80])
{intui;
if(oc==1)
ui=m;
else
ui=p;
if(mc==2)
{
sum=0;
cout<<"nnDiagonal Elementsare : nn";
for(i=0;i<ui;i++)
{
cout<<a[i][ui-(i+1)]<<"n";
sum+=a[i][ui-(i+1)];
}
cout<<"nnSumof diagonal elementsis:"<<sum;
}
else if(mc==1)
{ sum=0;
cout<<"nnDiagonal Elementsare : nn";
for(i=0;i<ui;i++)
{
cout<<a[i][i]<<"n";
sum+=a[i][i];
}
cout<<"nnSumof diagonal elementsis:"<<sum;
}
}
voidrow_sum_a(inta[80][80])
{intv,u;
if(oc==1)
{
v=m;
u=m;
}
else
{
v=p;
u=q;
}
for(i=0;i<v; i++)
{ sum=0;
for(j=0; j<u;j++)
{
sum=sum+a[i][j];
}
cout<<"nnSumof Row "<<i+1<<" = "<<sum;
}

9. }
voidcolumn_sum_a(inta[80][80])
{intv,u;
if(oc==1)
{
v=m;
u=m;
}
else
{
v=p;
u=q;
}
for(j=0; j<v;j++)
{ sum=0;
for(i=0;i<u; i++)
{
sum=sum+a[i][j];
}
cout<<"nnSumof Column"<<j+1<<" = "<<sum;
}
}

10. Output:
Describe the Size of matrix 1 :
Enter the numberof rows: 3
Enter the numberof columns: 3
Enter the elementsof matrix 1 :
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Describe the size of matrix 2 :
Enter the numberof rows: 3
Enter the numberof columns: 3
Enter the elementsof matrix 2 :
3
2
1
1
2
3
2
0
1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Matrix 1 is :
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

11. Matrix 2 is :
3 2 1
1 2 3
2 0 1
Choose fromthe followingmenu:
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix
6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements
8. Displayandfindrow wise sumof 2-D array
9. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array
10. Exit
Enter yourchoice : 1
Resultantmatrix byadditionis:
4 4 4
5 7 9
9 8 10
Want to choose again=> y
Choose fromthe followingmenu :
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix

12. 6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements
8. Displayandfindrow wise sumof 2-D array
9. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array
10. Exit
Enter yourchoice : 2
1. Subtract Matrix 2 fromMatrix 1
2. Subtract Matrix 1 fromMatrix 2
Enter yourchoice : 1
Resultantmatrix bySubtractionis:
-2 0 2
3 3 3
5 8 8
Want to choose again=> Y
Choose fromthe followingmenu:
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix
6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements
8. Displayandfindrow wise sumof 2-D array
9. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array
10. Exit

13. Enter yourchoice : 3
(i). Multiplymatrix 1withmatrix 2
(ii).Multiplymatrix2withmatrix 1
Enter yourchoice : 1
Resultantof matix Multiplication:
11 6 10
29 18 25
47 30 40
Want to choose again=>y
Choose fromthe followingmenu:
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix
6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements
8. Displayandfindrow wise sumof 2-D array
9. Displayandfindcolumnwise sum of 2-D array
10. Exit
Enter yourchoice : 4
The matricesare not equivalent.
Want to choose again=>Y

14. Choose fromthe followingmenu:
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two 2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix
6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements
8. Displayandfindrow wise sumof 2-D array
9. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array
10. Exit
Enter yourchoice : 5
(i).DisplayUppertriangularof matrix 1
(ii).DisplayUppertriangularof matrix 2
Please enteryourchoice : 1
Upper triangle of matrix is:
1 2 3
5 6
9
Want to choose again=> Y
Choose fromthe followingmenu:
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix
6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements

15. 8. Displayandfind row wise sumof 2-D array
9. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array
10. Exit
Enter yourchoice : 6
(i).DisplayLowertriangularmatrix 1
(ii).DisplayLowertriangularmatrix 2
Enter yourchoice : 2
LowerTriangle of matrix is:
3
1 2
2 0 1
Want to choose again=> Y
Choose fromthe followingmenu:
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix
6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements
8. Displayandfindrow wise sumof 2-D array
9. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array
10. Exit
Enter yourchoice : 7
(i).Diagonalsof matrix 1
(ii).Diagonalsof matrix 2
Enter yourchoice : 1

16. 1. Findsumof diagonal (top-lefttobottom-right)
2. Findsumof diagonal (bottom-lefttotop-right)
Enter yourchoice : 1
Diagonal Elementsare :
1
5
9
Sumof diagonal elementsis:15
Want to choose again=> y
Choose fromthe followingmenu:
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix
6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements
8. Displayandfindrow wise sumof 2-D array
9. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array
10. Exit
Enter yourchoice : 8
1. Displayandfindrowwise sumof a matrix 1 :
2. Displayandfindrowwise sumof a matrix 2 :
Enteryour choice : 1
Sumof Row 1 = 6
Sumof Row 2 = 15
Sumof Row 3 = 24

17. Want to choose again=> Y
Choose fromthe followingmenu:
1. Add two2-D arrays
2. Subtract two 2-D arrays
3. Multiplytwo2-D arrays
4. Checkequivalencyof two2-Dmatrices.
5. Upper triangularmatrix
6. Lower Triangularmatrix
7. Displayandfindsumof diagonal elements
8. Displayandfindrow wise sumof 2-D array
9. Display andfindcolumnwise sumof 2-D array
10. Exit
Enter yourchoice : 9
1. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof a matrix 1 :
2. Displayandfindcolumnwise sumof a matrix 2 :
Enteryour choice : 2
Sumof Column1 = 6
Sumof Column2 = 4
Sumof Column3 = 5
Want to choose again=> N