This document discusses a proposal to perforate an additional interval in the B3 Upper reservoir of the RDT-1P well in Block 11-2 offshore Vietnam. The objectives are to increase gas and condensate production rates and recovery from the RD/RDT gas field. Reservoir modeling and production forecasting under two scenarios, with and without a barrier between the B3 Upper and Lower intervals, indicate the additional perforation could increase gas rates by 0.85-1.15 MMscfd and condensate rates by 29.6-35.2 bbl/d. Simple economics estimates a payback period of 1-3 months and over $7 million in net cash flow. The proposal is recommended for approval
Field Development Project : Gelama MerahHami Asma'i
A green field development project located in Sabah Basin comprises the whole upstream field development cycle from geology, reservoir studies to production facilities and economics. The objective is to come out with the best strategy to develop the field starting from our very own effort of reservoir characterization out of log and core data. Under supervision of lecturers, this project was completed as per scheduled.
Among new technical methodologies applied upon the completion this project:
1. Cubic Spline Interpolation Method in bulk volume calculation
2. Monte Carlo probabilistic method in reserve estimation
3. Reservoir Opportunity Index (ROI) method in well placement
Project was assessed by PETRONAS custodians.
Field Development Project : Gelama MerahHami Asma'i
A green field development project located in Sabah Basin comprises the whole upstream field development cycle from geology, reservoir studies to production facilities and economics. The objective is to come out with the best strategy to develop the field starting from our very own effort of reservoir characterization out of log and core data. Under supervision of lecturers, this project was completed as per scheduled.
Among new technical methodologies applied upon the completion this project:
1. Cubic Spline Interpolation Method in bulk volume calculation
2. Monte Carlo probabilistic method in reserve estimation
3. Reservoir Opportunity Index (ROI) method in well placement
Project was assessed by PETRONAS custodians.
The green benefits of cement and concrete are hidden due to the vast quantities consumed around the globe. Therefore, despite the low carbon footprint, cement and concrete are often given low marks for sustainability. The presentation attempts to set the record straight.
Sea NG - Small Market Gas Project DevelopmentLyndon Ward
Hundreds of coastal and island power markets are not connected to sources of natural gas delivery. Marine CNG enables industrial and power customers to reduce reliance on liquid fuels like HFO or Diesel and switch to cleaner burning natural gas. Marine CNG is an ideal alternative to LNG for Oil and Gas producers seeking to monetize associated gas from oil production.
Sea NG is a energy project development company connecting gas reserves with regional energy markets. Sea NG is an energy project development company connecting gas reserves with regional energy markets.
GOM decom market reveiw and update mark kaiser, lsugomdecom
Presentation on the Gulf of Mexico Offshore Decommissioning Market delivered by Dr. Mark J. Kaiser at the 2nd Annual Decommissioning and Abandonement Summit, Gulf of Mexico
For more information on the decommissioning market go to www.decomworld.com
General Design Rule:
BLSR/4 is deployed.
Traffic is routed on the shortest path between two nodes in the ring.
Wavelength assignment is done according to maximum load principle.
Power budget is carefully managed in order to maintain the SNR at the receiver.
Span failure protection is realized by 1:1 line protection.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
More Related Content
Similar to 1wz Workshop with ZN for Perf B3 Up in RDT-1P in 2022-ver1.pptx
The green benefits of cement and concrete are hidden due to the vast quantities consumed around the globe. Therefore, despite the low carbon footprint, cement and concrete are often given low marks for sustainability. The presentation attempts to set the record straight.
Sea NG - Small Market Gas Project DevelopmentLyndon Ward
Hundreds of coastal and island power markets are not connected to sources of natural gas delivery. Marine CNG enables industrial and power customers to reduce reliance on liquid fuels like HFO or Diesel and switch to cleaner burning natural gas. Marine CNG is an ideal alternative to LNG for Oil and Gas producers seeking to monetize associated gas from oil production.
Sea NG is a energy project development company connecting gas reserves with regional energy markets. Sea NG is an energy project development company connecting gas reserves with regional energy markets.
GOM decom market reveiw and update mark kaiser, lsugomdecom
Presentation on the Gulf of Mexico Offshore Decommissioning Market delivered by Dr. Mark J. Kaiser at the 2nd Annual Decommissioning and Abandonement Summit, Gulf of Mexico
For more information on the decommissioning market go to www.decomworld.com
General Design Rule:
BLSR/4 is deployed.
Traffic is routed on the shortest path between two nodes in the ring.
Wavelength assignment is done according to maximum load principle.
Power budget is carefully managed in order to maintain the SNR at the receiver.
Span failure protection is realized by 1:1 line protection.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniquesambekarshweta25
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniques
Authors:
-Devkinandan Jagtap
-Shweta Ambekar
-Harshit Singh
-Nakul Sharma (Assistant Professor)
Institution:
VIIT Pune, India
Abstract:
This paper proposes a system to differentiate between human-generated and AI-generated texts using stylometric analysis. The system analyzes text files and classifies writing styles by employing various clustering algorithms, such as k-means, k-means++, hierarchical, and DBSCAN. The effectiveness of these algorithms is measured using silhouette scores. The system successfully identifies distinct writing styles within documents, demonstrating its potential for plagiarism detection.
Introduction:
Stylometry, the study of linguistic and structural features in texts, is used for tasks like plagiarism detection, genre separation, and author verification. This paper leverages stylometric analysis to identify different writing styles and improve plagiarism detection methods.
Methodology:
The system includes data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, dimensional reduction, machine learning models for clustering, and performance comparison using silhouette scores. Feature extraction focuses on lexical features, vocabulary richness, and readability scores. The study uses a small dataset of texts from various authors and employs algorithms like k-means, k-means++, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN for clustering.
Results:
Experiments show that the system effectively identifies writing styles, with silhouette scores indicating reasonable to strong clustering when k=2. As the number of clusters increases, the silhouette scores decrease, indicating a drop in accuracy. K-means and k-means++ perform similarly, while hierarchical clustering is less optimized.
Conclusion and Future Work:
The system works well for distinguishing writing styles with two clusters but becomes less accurate as the number of clusters increases. Future research could focus on adding more parameters and optimizing the methodology to improve accuracy with higher cluster values. This system can enhance existing plagiarism detection tools, especially in academic settings.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
2. Block Overview
2
Block 11-2
• Location: 320km from Vung Tau
• Basin: Nam Con Son
• Operator: KNOC
• KC (75%), PVEP (25%)
• First Gas : 25th Dec., 2006
3. Production Enhancement
3
Objectives • To increase gas flow rate and recovery of RD/RDT gas field
• To make decision for additional perforation interval
• To evaluate post perforation job
Terms • January ~ September 2022
Budget • In-house
Work Scope • Petrophysical review
• GWC review
• Review previous PLT and perforation effects
• RDT water production history matching
• Forecasting the perforation effects
• Depth matching of B-3 Upper zone
• Post job evaluation for additional RDT perforation
2022 Work Program
Budget (K USD)
Firm Contingent
Production Enhancement - -
• RDT additional perforation - -
12. 2 Scenarios of Production Forecast
12
#1 : Barrier Case (Forecast)
#2 : No Barrier Case (Forecast)
Perforated
Seal
U
U
L
C
- Effective Porosity : < <
- Permeability : < <
C L
U
C L
Seal No Seal
?
No Seal
5% 7%
2%
Water
Conning
Initial
GWC
13. Producing Zone of RDT Wells
13
Well RDT-2P RDT-1P
Well Test Date November, 2021
Gas MMscfd 1.77 3.87
Producing
Zones
(PLT)
PLT
Date
Mar 2017 May 2018
Contribution
Gas
(MMscf/d)
Contribution
Gas
(MMscf/d)
A0 84% 1.49
A1 13% 0.23
A1.5 2% 0.04
A2
A3 1% 0.02 17% 0.66
B2 13% 0.50
B3 44% (2015 PLT) 3.53 (2015 PLT) 33% 1.28
C1 1% 0.04
C2 36% 1.39
RDT-1P
RDT-2P
144% 100%
A0
A0.5
A1
A1-5
A2
A3
B1
B3
C1 upper
C1 lower
C2
D1a
A 3
B 2
B 3
C 1
C 2U
C 2L
D 1b
D 3
D 4
D 5U
D 5L
Dec 2015
Mar 2017
Mar 2016
Mar 2015
Dec 2015
Mar 2015
Jun 2012
Jun 2012
Jun 2012
Jun 2012
Mar 2016
Dec 2018
Mar 2015
Mar 2016
Mar 2015
Jul 2009
May 2011
14. Production History Of RDT Wells
14
4
130
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
BBL/D
MMSCF/D
RDT-1P Production
Gas Condensate
2
12 0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
BBL/D
MMSCF/D
RDT-2P Production
Gas Condensate
C1+D1+D3+D4+D5 C1+C2+D1+D3+D4+D5 C1+C2UP A3+B3+C1+C2UP A3+B2+B3+C1+C2UP
B1+B3+C1+C2+D1 B1+B3 A1.5+A3+B1+B3 A0+A1+A1.5+A2+A3 A0+A1+A1.5+A2+A3+B1+B3
15. B3 Production History (RDT-2P)
15
PLT (12 Mar 2013)
52%
PLT(04 Mar 2015)
96%
PLT(01 Dec 2015)
※ (Total Production of RDT-2P) × (Contribution Ratio of B3 by PLT) = B3 Production
B3
Perforation
Push down HEX Plug
to below B3 (Dec, 2018)
A0
A0.5
A1
A1-5
A2
A3
B1
B3
C1 upper
C1 lower
C2
D1a
E1
F1
0.56 MMSCF/D
3.69 BBL/D
30.5% (=44%/144%)
PLT (07 Mar 2017)
44%
(B3/RDT-2P Ratio)
HEX Plug Set
@ above B1
(due to 1,425 bblw/d)
16. B3 Production History (RDT-1P)
16
PLT(01 Dec 2015) PLT(23 Mar 2016)
PLT(04 Mar 2017)
PLT(24 May 2018)
1.27 MMSCF/D
42 BBL/D
40% 39% 34% 32%
(B3/RDT-1P Ratio)
※ (Total Production of RDT-1P) × (Contribution Ratio of B3 by PLT) = B3 Production
B3
Perforation
A 3
B 2
B 3
C 1
C 2U
C 2L
D 1b
D 3
D 4
D 5U
D 5L
17. #1 : Barrier Case
#2 : No Barrier Case
2 Scenarios of Production Forecast
17
Perforated
Artificial barrier
B3
Simulation grid
B3
Simulation grid
Proposed perf.
B3 Up.
18. B3 Upper interval Selection
18
GWC@2869mTVDss
Proposed B3 Up
Proposed Perf. Interval
3921.03-3925.30 mMD
Dec 2015
Simulation Grid Fine Grid
19. B3 Production Recovery Review
19
RDT-1P Perforation
Zone
2021 Model
GIIP, Bcf
Top Perf.
mTVDSS/
mMD
Bottom perf.
mTVDSS/
mMD
Perf. Length,
mMD
RFDP Cumulative B3
production by
Simulation
(Bcf)
Cumulative B3
production by PLT
allocation
(Bcf)
Recovery
(%)
GWC,
mTVDss
B-3 41.46
(B3 Upper)
2837.29/
3921.03
(B3 Upper)
2839.81/
3925.30
4.27
2869 20.06 26.68 48.38 (Sim.)/ 64.35 (PLT)
(B3 Lower)
2848.02/
3939.80
(B3 Lower)
2852.56/
3947.80
8.0
23. Remaining Potential (B-3 Upper)
23
#1 : Barrier Case
B3
Artificial barrier
Simulation grid
Proposed perf.
B3 Up.
B-3 Gas Production Rate • No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
B-3 Condensate Production Rate
• No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
Av. 29.60 bbld increased
Production Forecasting
Av. 0.85 mmscfd increased
YEAR 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Total
Gas
(bcf/yr)
0.19 0.43 0.31 0.23 0.17 0.14 0.11 1.57
Condy
(mbbl/yr)
6.84 15.31 10.60 7.92 5.51 4.36 3.34 53.88
24. Remaining Potential (B-3 Upper)
24
#2 : No Barrier Case
Simulation grid
B3
Proposed perf.
B3 Up.
B-3 Gas Production Rate • No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
B-3 Condensate Production Rate
• No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
Av. 5.23 bbld increased
Production Forecasting
Av. 0.16 mmscfd increased
YEAR 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Total
Gas
(bcf/yr)
0.07 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.31
Condy
(mbbl/yr)
2.36 2.38 1.34 1.08 1.01 0.93 0.72 9.80
25. Simple Economics (Barrier Case)
25
• Cost
- During PLT work
- 79,689 $US (2017)
- No additional OPEX
• Pay back : 1 Month
• NCF : 7.64 $MM
B-3 Gas Production Rate • No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
B-3 Condensate Production Rate
• No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
Av. 29.60 bbld increased
Production Forecasting
Av. 0.85 mmscfd increased
26. Simple Economics (No Barrier Case)
26
B-3 Gas Production Rate • No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
B-3 Condensate Production Rate
• No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
Av. 5.23 bbld increased
Av. 0.16 mmscfd increased
• Cost
- During PLT work
- 79,689 $US (2017)
- No additional OPEX
• Pay back : 3 Months
• NCF : 1.34 $MM
30. Remaining Potential (B-3 Upper)
30
#2 : No Barrier Case
Simulation grid
RFDP 2012
B3
Proposed perf.
B3 Up.
B-3 Gas Production Rate • No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
B-3 Condensate Production Rate
• No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
Av. 35.17 bbld increased
Production Forecasting
Av. 1.15 mmscfd increased
YEAR 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Total
Gas
(bcf/yr)
0.18 0.44 0.41 0.39 0.36 0.34 0.29 2.42
Condy
(mbbl/yr)
5.71 13.81 12.71 11.78 10.85 9.93 8.64 73.43
31. 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 TOTAL
Gas (bcf/yr) 0.18 0.44 0.41 0.39 0.36 0.34 0.29 2.42
Cond (mbbl/yr) 5.71 13.81 12.71 11.78 10.85 9.93 8.64 73.43
Netback Gas
(80% applied, $/mcf)
2.25 2.30 2.34 2.39 2.44 2.48 2.53
Cond ($/bbl) 102.88 89.71 82.64 53.10 54.16 55.25 56.35
CAPEX ($MM) 0.16 - - - - - -
OPEX ($MM) - - - - - - -
Gas ($MM) 0.40 1.02 0.97 0.93 0.88 0.83 0.75 5.78
Cond ($MM) 0.59 1.24 1.05 0.63 0.59 0.55 0.49 5.13
Gas ($MM) 0.16 - - - - - - 0.16
Cond ($MM) - - - - - - - -
NCF $MM 0.83 2.25 2.02 1.55 1.47 1.38 1.23 10.75
Cash-Out
Year
Production
Unit Price
COST
Cash-In
Simple Economics (No Barrier Case)
31
• Cost
- During PLT work
- 79,689 $US (2017)
- No additional OPEX
• Pay back : 1 Months
• NCF : 10.75 $MM
B-3 Gas Production Rate • No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
B-3 Condensate Production Rate
• No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
Av. 35.17 bbld increased
Av. 1.15 mmscfd increased
32. Remaining Potential (B-3 Upper)
32
#1 : Barrier Case
B3
Artificial barrier
Simulation grid
RFDP 2012
Proposed perf.
B3 Up.
Production Forecasting
B-3 Gas Production Rate
• No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
B-3 Condensate Production Rate
• No B-3 Upper perf
• With B-3 Upper perf
Very minor effect
Very minor effect