The document discusses the history and causes of racism and discrimination. It traces the origins of racist ideologies back to theorists like Joseph Arthur de Gobineau. Racism was used to justify the brutal treatment of indigenous peoples during European colonialization. Practices like slavery and apartheid further institutionalized discrimination. However, many individuals including Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King Jr., and Nelson Mandela fought against racism and championed equal human rights. Despite their efforts, discrimination persists in many forms worldwide today.
The document discusses the Trans-Atlantic slave trade between Africa and the Americas between 1450-1800. It provides statistics on the number of Africans kidnapped and sold into slavery during this period, with estimates ranging from 10-15 million slaves transported across the Atlantic. It also describes the triangular trade route that emerged, linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas, with slaves from Africa being exchanged for goods. The horrific "Middle Passage" involved transporting slaves across the Atlantic under terrible conditions.
Discussion points on ancient human rightstroy schmidt
Please excuse controversial comments, The author states no opinions about morals and takes to political sides. All statements are for the sake of consideration.
The document summarizes the history of slavery, including the Atlantic slave trade between Africa and the Americas from 1600-1850 which saw at least 20 million people taken from Africa. It describes the roles and treatment of slaves on plantations, including separation of families and harsh punishments. It also discusses the American Civil War, abolition of slavery, and the ongoing issue of modern human trafficking.
This document is a research paper on slavery in America produced by students in Algeria. It outlines the origins and development of slavery in America, including its beginnings in the 1600s, the triangular trade system, life as a slave, forms of resistance by slaves, the Civil War and emancipation in 1863. The conclusion is that slavery was a major part of American history and Africans were not invited to the new continent as workers but were captured and tortured to build the country's economy through their forced labor without rights or mercy.
Impact Of European Exploration And Colonization On Nativeezlee2
European colonization of the Americas significantly impacted native populations from the 15th to 19th centuries. Indigenous groups faced displacement, warfare, enslavement, and diseases brought by Europeans, against which they had no immunity. The Arawak population in Haiti was reduced from 250,000 to just 500 by 1550 due to these factors. Horses introduced by Europeans allowed some tribes to expand their territories but also aided colonizers. Epidemics of diseases like smallpox often immediately followed exploration and destroyed entire villages, with historians estimating up to 80% of some native groups died from European illnesses. The exploration by Europeans marked the beginning of drastic changes to native life in the Americas.
This document contains 9 questions about various topics in history including medicine, the American West, the Arab-Israeli conflict, and Bletchley Park. The questions cover Harvey's discovery of blood circulation, who discovered the smallpox vaccine, why buffalo were important to Native Americans, why Native Americans and American settlers could not live in peace, what life would be like in the Gaza Strip, why Hamas wants the destruction of Israel, the world's first computer called Colossus and why it was destroyed, and how the code breakers of Bletchley Park helped soldiers on D-Day.
The document discusses the history and causes of racism and discrimination. It traces the origins of racist ideologies back to theorists like Joseph Arthur de Gobineau. Racism was used to justify the brutal treatment of indigenous peoples during European colonialization. Practices like slavery and apartheid further institutionalized discrimination. However, many individuals including Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King Jr., and Nelson Mandela fought against racism and championed equal human rights. Despite their efforts, discrimination persists in many forms worldwide today.
The document discusses the Trans-Atlantic slave trade between Africa and the Americas between 1450-1800. It provides statistics on the number of Africans kidnapped and sold into slavery during this period, with estimates ranging from 10-15 million slaves transported across the Atlantic. It also describes the triangular trade route that emerged, linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas, with slaves from Africa being exchanged for goods. The horrific "Middle Passage" involved transporting slaves across the Atlantic under terrible conditions.
Discussion points on ancient human rightstroy schmidt
Please excuse controversial comments, The author states no opinions about morals and takes to political sides. All statements are for the sake of consideration.
The document summarizes the history of slavery, including the Atlantic slave trade between Africa and the Americas from 1600-1850 which saw at least 20 million people taken from Africa. It describes the roles and treatment of slaves on plantations, including separation of families and harsh punishments. It also discusses the American Civil War, abolition of slavery, and the ongoing issue of modern human trafficking.
This document is a research paper on slavery in America produced by students in Algeria. It outlines the origins and development of slavery in America, including its beginnings in the 1600s, the triangular trade system, life as a slave, forms of resistance by slaves, the Civil War and emancipation in 1863. The conclusion is that slavery was a major part of American history and Africans were not invited to the new continent as workers but were captured and tortured to build the country's economy through their forced labor without rights or mercy.
Impact Of European Exploration And Colonization On Nativeezlee2
European colonization of the Americas significantly impacted native populations from the 15th to 19th centuries. Indigenous groups faced displacement, warfare, enslavement, and diseases brought by Europeans, against which they had no immunity. The Arawak population in Haiti was reduced from 250,000 to just 500 by 1550 due to these factors. Horses introduced by Europeans allowed some tribes to expand their territories but also aided colonizers. Epidemics of diseases like smallpox often immediately followed exploration and destroyed entire villages, with historians estimating up to 80% of some native groups died from European illnesses. The exploration by Europeans marked the beginning of drastic changes to native life in the Americas.
This document contains 9 questions about various topics in history including medicine, the American West, the Arab-Israeli conflict, and Bletchley Park. The questions cover Harvey's discovery of blood circulation, who discovered the smallpox vaccine, why buffalo were important to Native Americans, why Native Americans and American settlers could not live in peace, what life would be like in the Gaza Strip, why Hamas wants the destruction of Israel, the world's first computer called Colossus and why it was destroyed, and how the code breakers of Bletchley Park helped soldiers on D-Day.
- Notable rulers who established large empires included Alexander the Great of Macedonia, Constantine the Great of the Holy Roman Empire, Julius Caesar of Rome, and Napoleon Bonaparte of France.
- To build a strong empire, civilizations needed to utilize warfare to conquer others and engage in trade to dominate economically and control global riches.
- Old forms of slavery existed before recorded history and slaves faced poor treatment, while new world slavery arose from the Atlantic slave trade and was used for plantation farming.
This document provides a study guide for a unit on the history of Latin America and the Caribbean. It includes important people, locations, events, and concepts students should know, such as conquistadors like Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, indigenous leaders like Atahualpa and Montezuma, liberators like Simon Bolivar and Toussiant L'Ouverture, and the Columbian Exchange between Europe and the Americas. Key events covered include the conquests of the Aztec and Inca Empires, and independence movements in Latin American countries. It also outlines the primary languages, religions, and forms of government found in the region today.
The document summarizes tensions over slavery in the United States prior to the Civil War. It describes how Africans were captured and sold into the transatlantic slave trade, with millions dying during the journey or in captivity. The southern economy became dependent on slave labor to cultivate cash crops like cotton and tobacco. Slavery divided the nation along sectional lines, pitting the industrialized North against the agricultural South. Southern states defended the institution of slavery, leading to conflicts over states' rights and the expansion of slavery into new western territories. Enslaved people resisted through acts of sabotage, running away, and occasional rebellions, despite facing severe punishment if caught. The tensions over slavery and states' rights would
Class 2 of "Race and Ethnicity" Powerpoint PresentationTanya Golash Boza
This is a slide show presentation based on Chapters one and two of "Race and Racisms: A Critical Approach" as well as the film: "Race: The Power of an Illusion, Episode 2."
This document discusses how the Black Lives Matter movement has been hijacked by wealthy interests like George Soros and the Clinton Global Initiative to undermine the struggles of African Americans and indigenous peoples in the Americas. It argues that BLM inappropriately focuses on recent African immigrants rather than addressing the centuries of oppression faced by African Americans, who have deep ancestral ties to indigenous tribes. Soros and others are accused of promoting a fragmented racial identity for African Americans in order to detract from their claims to land and self-governance based on indigenous rights.
Slavery has existed in various forms for thousands of years. It began in Africa before European colonization and spread globally as the Portuguese, Spanish, English, French and others engaged in the transatlantic slave trade between the 15th and 19th centuries. Millions of people were taken from Africa and enslaved in the Americas. Slavery was gradually abolished in the late 18th and 19th centuries, starting with declarations in Vermont in 1777 and Britain banning the slave trade in 1807, but it continued in other forms into the early 20th century in some places. Slavery stripped people of rights and freedoms and legally classified them as property without kinship or protections.
1) Slavery has existed in various forms throughout history, including the involuntary servitude of Africans beginning in 1619 in America, child sex trafficking in places like Haiti today, and widespread use of slaves in ancient Rome and Greece.
2) Modern slavery persists around the world, with over 20 million people currently being held as slaves, especially vulnerable groups like women and children.
3) While some slave systems treated slaves relatively well, most involved hard physical labor without possibility of freedom, and slaves were often subject to cruel conditions and abuse.
This document is a study guide covering various topics about African culture, history, and geography. It provides definitions and short explanations for terms like:
- The main religion of Arabs is Islam, while the Bantu practice Islam and Christianity along with traditional beliefs. The Ashanti belief centers around animism and the power of the golden stool.
- Europeans first took interest in Africa to search for natural resources for the Industrial Revolution. The Swahili follow a strict form of Islam. Artificial boundaries set by Europeans split tribes and caused conflicts between rival groups.
- The Berlin Conference of 1884 was a meeting where European countries divided Africa into colonies. The Pan-African movement aims to unite native Africans and their
6.1 - History and Government of The United StatesDan Ewert
The document summarizes the history of the United States, beginning with the migration of nomadic tribes across the Bering Strait land bridge into North America over 12,000 years ago. It then discusses European exploration and colonization by Spain, France, and England starting in the 16th century. The British colonies rebelled and formed the United States, while Canada remained loyal to Britain. Westward expansion continued in the 19th century, aided by the Louisiana Purchase. Sectionalism over the issue of slavery led to the Civil War from 1861-1865, resulting in over 1 million casualties and the abolition of slavery. After the war, urbanization increased as people migrated to cities.
African Americans by Airton Fortes & Felisberto OiveiraAirton Fortes
Despite facing brutal conditions and racial oppression, African Americans developed strong cultural identities and communities. They combined elements of their African heritage with new influences to persist in the face of slavery and discrimination. African American history has profoundly shaped American identity through their cultural and economic contributions, as well as their struggles for equal rights and justice.
This document summarizes 10 common lies about black history. It debunks the ideas that whites were the first humans, blacks were only cotton pickers, Lincoln freed the slaves, blacks ate each other in Africa, blacks were cursed by God, the US government has helped blacks succeed, Jews built the pyramids, blacks sold other blacks into slavery, there was no slavery in the North, and Columbus discovered America. It provides evidence from sources like genetic studies, newspaper ads, and historians to support its arguments against these 10 lies.
The document discusses the history of slavery in several different cultures and time periods. It describes how slavery began and was used in the United States from the 1600s to 1800s, using slaves primarily from Africa. It also summarizes slavery practices in Aztec Mexico, Ancient Greece, amongst Arabs, and in the French West Indies, noting key differences and justifications for slavery in each culture and time period.
This summary provides an overview of 3 key points from the document:
1. The document discusses the rise and fall of various empires throughout history. It notes how empires grew large through conquering weaker peoples and maintaining control over diverse populations and religions through the use of slaves.
2. European empires like Spain, France, and Britain were able to conquer lands in other continents due to advantages in weapons, immunity to diseases, and navigational techniques that allowed them to transport people and goods over long distances.
3. The author Jared Diamond argues that societies located in Eurasia had geographical and environmental advantages that allowed them to develop agriculture, domesticate animals, and achieve large populations earlier than other parts of
A rather large presentation about Eugenics, focusing largely on the Nazis but touching on the origins, birth, United States, general principles and even more.
The document discusses several historical processes of global change including the African slave trade, the spread of Christianity, Eurasian hegemony due to geographic advantages according to Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs, and Steel, the Columbian Exchange between the Old and New Worlds which included trade and intermarriage, and the trading of goods like potatoes, sugar and coffee throughout history. It also describes David Keys' theory that the 6th century eruption of Krakatoa blocked out the sun, lowered temperatures and led to diseases, causing people to turn to Islam for refuge.
The document discusses the collapse of the Great Empires in the Americas during the arrival of Spanish conquistadors in the 15th and 16th centuries. It provides details on Hernando Cortes' conquest of the Aztec Empire between 1519-1521 and Francisco Pizarro's defeat of the Inca Empire between 1532-1535. It also examines the key factors in the Spanish victories, including diseases that killed many native peoples, the conquistadors' use of horses, guns, and alliances with rival tribes.
The document discusses several myths about immigration to the United States and the realities for South Asian immigrants. The myths are that immigrants found political/religious freedom (but South Asians faced prejudice), the Statue of Liberty welcomed the poorest (but rules tightened against immigrants with little money), and the Melting Pot myth of assimilation (but South Asians tried to retain their culture). The realities were discrimination faced by South Asian immigrants due to their religions, rules against poor immigrants, and prejudice against those retaining their culture.
The document summarizes the effects of the Atlantic slave trade on Africa and the Americas. In Africa, the slave trade disrupted demographic patterns and family structures by targeting men. It undermined the economy by introducing European goods used to trade for slaves. It also increased wars and tensions as slaves became a commodity. In the Americas, the slave trade led to demographic changes and the integration of African culture. It also boosted the economy but left a legacy of racial and economic inequality. The Atlantic slave trade differed from other historical slavery in its immense scale, hereditary nature without chance of freedom, targeting of Africans, and rationalization by Europeans.
European colonization of Africa was driven by three main factors in the 19th century:
1) The Industrial Revolution increased demand for raw materials in Europe which led powers to pursue imperialism and acquire colonies in Africa rich with resources.
2) Mercantilism, an economic theory popular from the 16th-18th century, encouraged European nations to dominate Africa for raw materials and use it as a marketplace to gain economic and political control.
3) Pseudosciences like Social Darwinism and theories like "The White Man's Burden" were used to justify European domination by portraying Africans as inferior races that needed to be civilized.
The document discusses the history and forms of racism against various racial groups throughout history. It describes how Europeans colonized Africa and the Americas in the 1400s believing they were civilizing savages. This led to the systematic oppression and denial of rights of people based on their race, including Native Americans who were forced off their lands onto reservations, and African Americans who were enslaved. More recently, racism has increased against Latino, Arab, and other immigrants. The document advocates that society needs to work together regardless of race to function, and that the solution to racism is for everyone to accept each other's humanity and get along.
Human rights are inherent to all humans regardless of attributes and are indivisible. Key documents establishing human rights principles include the Cyrus Cylinder, the Bill of Rights, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. There are three types of human rights - civil, political, and cultural/educational rights. Several UN conventions protect groups including women, children, disabled people, and migrant workers. The UN Human Rights Council replaced the Commission on Human Rights to promote and protect human rights globally. Famous human rights advocates include Abraham Lincoln, Mahatma Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, and Malala Yousafzai.
Human rights are inherent to all humans regardless of attributes and are indivisible. Key documents in human rights history include the Cyrus Cylinder establishing early charter of rights, the Bill of Rights of 1689, the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen of 1789, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. Major conventions have addressed discrimination, racial discrimination, disabilities, children's rights, torture, and migrant workers. The UN Human Rights Council replaced the Commission on Human Rights in 2006 with 47 member states elected for maximum 6-year terms. Famous human rights defenders include Abraham Lincoln who abolished slavery, Mahatma Gandhi who advocated non-violence and equality, and Nelson Mandela who fought apartheid and
- Notable rulers who established large empires included Alexander the Great of Macedonia, Constantine the Great of the Holy Roman Empire, Julius Caesar of Rome, and Napoleon Bonaparte of France.
- To build a strong empire, civilizations needed to utilize warfare to conquer others and engage in trade to dominate economically and control global riches.
- Old forms of slavery existed before recorded history and slaves faced poor treatment, while new world slavery arose from the Atlantic slave trade and was used for plantation farming.
This document provides a study guide for a unit on the history of Latin America and the Caribbean. It includes important people, locations, events, and concepts students should know, such as conquistadors like Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, indigenous leaders like Atahualpa and Montezuma, liberators like Simon Bolivar and Toussiant L'Ouverture, and the Columbian Exchange between Europe and the Americas. Key events covered include the conquests of the Aztec and Inca Empires, and independence movements in Latin American countries. It also outlines the primary languages, religions, and forms of government found in the region today.
The document summarizes tensions over slavery in the United States prior to the Civil War. It describes how Africans were captured and sold into the transatlantic slave trade, with millions dying during the journey or in captivity. The southern economy became dependent on slave labor to cultivate cash crops like cotton and tobacco. Slavery divided the nation along sectional lines, pitting the industrialized North against the agricultural South. Southern states defended the institution of slavery, leading to conflicts over states' rights and the expansion of slavery into new western territories. Enslaved people resisted through acts of sabotage, running away, and occasional rebellions, despite facing severe punishment if caught. The tensions over slavery and states' rights would
Class 2 of "Race and Ethnicity" Powerpoint PresentationTanya Golash Boza
This is a slide show presentation based on Chapters one and two of "Race and Racisms: A Critical Approach" as well as the film: "Race: The Power of an Illusion, Episode 2."
This document discusses how the Black Lives Matter movement has been hijacked by wealthy interests like George Soros and the Clinton Global Initiative to undermine the struggles of African Americans and indigenous peoples in the Americas. It argues that BLM inappropriately focuses on recent African immigrants rather than addressing the centuries of oppression faced by African Americans, who have deep ancestral ties to indigenous tribes. Soros and others are accused of promoting a fragmented racial identity for African Americans in order to detract from their claims to land and self-governance based on indigenous rights.
Slavery has existed in various forms for thousands of years. It began in Africa before European colonization and spread globally as the Portuguese, Spanish, English, French and others engaged in the transatlantic slave trade between the 15th and 19th centuries. Millions of people were taken from Africa and enslaved in the Americas. Slavery was gradually abolished in the late 18th and 19th centuries, starting with declarations in Vermont in 1777 and Britain banning the slave trade in 1807, but it continued in other forms into the early 20th century in some places. Slavery stripped people of rights and freedoms and legally classified them as property without kinship or protections.
1) Slavery has existed in various forms throughout history, including the involuntary servitude of Africans beginning in 1619 in America, child sex trafficking in places like Haiti today, and widespread use of slaves in ancient Rome and Greece.
2) Modern slavery persists around the world, with over 20 million people currently being held as slaves, especially vulnerable groups like women and children.
3) While some slave systems treated slaves relatively well, most involved hard physical labor without possibility of freedom, and slaves were often subject to cruel conditions and abuse.
This document is a study guide covering various topics about African culture, history, and geography. It provides definitions and short explanations for terms like:
- The main religion of Arabs is Islam, while the Bantu practice Islam and Christianity along with traditional beliefs. The Ashanti belief centers around animism and the power of the golden stool.
- Europeans first took interest in Africa to search for natural resources for the Industrial Revolution. The Swahili follow a strict form of Islam. Artificial boundaries set by Europeans split tribes and caused conflicts between rival groups.
- The Berlin Conference of 1884 was a meeting where European countries divided Africa into colonies. The Pan-African movement aims to unite native Africans and their
6.1 - History and Government of The United StatesDan Ewert
The document summarizes the history of the United States, beginning with the migration of nomadic tribes across the Bering Strait land bridge into North America over 12,000 years ago. It then discusses European exploration and colonization by Spain, France, and England starting in the 16th century. The British colonies rebelled and formed the United States, while Canada remained loyal to Britain. Westward expansion continued in the 19th century, aided by the Louisiana Purchase. Sectionalism over the issue of slavery led to the Civil War from 1861-1865, resulting in over 1 million casualties and the abolition of slavery. After the war, urbanization increased as people migrated to cities.
African Americans by Airton Fortes & Felisberto OiveiraAirton Fortes
Despite facing brutal conditions and racial oppression, African Americans developed strong cultural identities and communities. They combined elements of their African heritage with new influences to persist in the face of slavery and discrimination. African American history has profoundly shaped American identity through their cultural and economic contributions, as well as their struggles for equal rights and justice.
This document summarizes 10 common lies about black history. It debunks the ideas that whites were the first humans, blacks were only cotton pickers, Lincoln freed the slaves, blacks ate each other in Africa, blacks were cursed by God, the US government has helped blacks succeed, Jews built the pyramids, blacks sold other blacks into slavery, there was no slavery in the North, and Columbus discovered America. It provides evidence from sources like genetic studies, newspaper ads, and historians to support its arguments against these 10 lies.
The document discusses the history of slavery in several different cultures and time periods. It describes how slavery began and was used in the United States from the 1600s to 1800s, using slaves primarily from Africa. It also summarizes slavery practices in Aztec Mexico, Ancient Greece, amongst Arabs, and in the French West Indies, noting key differences and justifications for slavery in each culture and time period.
This summary provides an overview of 3 key points from the document:
1. The document discusses the rise and fall of various empires throughout history. It notes how empires grew large through conquering weaker peoples and maintaining control over diverse populations and religions through the use of slaves.
2. European empires like Spain, France, and Britain were able to conquer lands in other continents due to advantages in weapons, immunity to diseases, and navigational techniques that allowed them to transport people and goods over long distances.
3. The author Jared Diamond argues that societies located in Eurasia had geographical and environmental advantages that allowed them to develop agriculture, domesticate animals, and achieve large populations earlier than other parts of
A rather large presentation about Eugenics, focusing largely on the Nazis but touching on the origins, birth, United States, general principles and even more.
The document discusses several historical processes of global change including the African slave trade, the spread of Christianity, Eurasian hegemony due to geographic advantages according to Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs, and Steel, the Columbian Exchange between the Old and New Worlds which included trade and intermarriage, and the trading of goods like potatoes, sugar and coffee throughout history. It also describes David Keys' theory that the 6th century eruption of Krakatoa blocked out the sun, lowered temperatures and led to diseases, causing people to turn to Islam for refuge.
The document discusses the collapse of the Great Empires in the Americas during the arrival of Spanish conquistadors in the 15th and 16th centuries. It provides details on Hernando Cortes' conquest of the Aztec Empire between 1519-1521 and Francisco Pizarro's defeat of the Inca Empire between 1532-1535. It also examines the key factors in the Spanish victories, including diseases that killed many native peoples, the conquistadors' use of horses, guns, and alliances with rival tribes.
The document discusses several myths about immigration to the United States and the realities for South Asian immigrants. The myths are that immigrants found political/religious freedom (but South Asians faced prejudice), the Statue of Liberty welcomed the poorest (but rules tightened against immigrants with little money), and the Melting Pot myth of assimilation (but South Asians tried to retain their culture). The realities were discrimination faced by South Asian immigrants due to their religions, rules against poor immigrants, and prejudice against those retaining their culture.
The document summarizes the effects of the Atlantic slave trade on Africa and the Americas. In Africa, the slave trade disrupted demographic patterns and family structures by targeting men. It undermined the economy by introducing European goods used to trade for slaves. It also increased wars and tensions as slaves became a commodity. In the Americas, the slave trade led to demographic changes and the integration of African culture. It also boosted the economy but left a legacy of racial and economic inequality. The Atlantic slave trade differed from other historical slavery in its immense scale, hereditary nature without chance of freedom, targeting of Africans, and rationalization by Europeans.
European colonization of Africa was driven by three main factors in the 19th century:
1) The Industrial Revolution increased demand for raw materials in Europe which led powers to pursue imperialism and acquire colonies in Africa rich with resources.
2) Mercantilism, an economic theory popular from the 16th-18th century, encouraged European nations to dominate Africa for raw materials and use it as a marketplace to gain economic and political control.
3) Pseudosciences like Social Darwinism and theories like "The White Man's Burden" were used to justify European domination by portraying Africans as inferior races that needed to be civilized.
The document discusses the history and forms of racism against various racial groups throughout history. It describes how Europeans colonized Africa and the Americas in the 1400s believing they were civilizing savages. This led to the systematic oppression and denial of rights of people based on their race, including Native Americans who were forced off their lands onto reservations, and African Americans who were enslaved. More recently, racism has increased against Latino, Arab, and other immigrants. The document advocates that society needs to work together regardless of race to function, and that the solution to racism is for everyone to accept each other's humanity and get along.
Human rights are inherent to all humans regardless of attributes and are indivisible. Key documents establishing human rights principles include the Cyrus Cylinder, the Bill of Rights, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. There are three types of human rights - civil, political, and cultural/educational rights. Several UN conventions protect groups including women, children, disabled people, and migrant workers. The UN Human Rights Council replaced the Commission on Human Rights to promote and protect human rights globally. Famous human rights advocates include Abraham Lincoln, Mahatma Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, and Malala Yousafzai.
Human rights are inherent to all humans regardless of attributes and are indivisible. Key documents in human rights history include the Cyrus Cylinder establishing early charter of rights, the Bill of Rights of 1689, the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen of 1789, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. Major conventions have addressed discrimination, racial discrimination, disabilities, children's rights, torture, and migrant workers. The UN Human Rights Council replaced the Commission on Human Rights in 2006 with 47 member states elected for maximum 6-year terms. Famous human rights defenders include Abraham Lincoln who abolished slavery, Mahatma Gandhi who advocated non-violence and equality, and Nelson Mandela who fought apartheid and
This document discusses the history and importance of freedom. It outlines key events in the development of freedom such as ancient Greek democracy, the Boston Tea Party, the Declaration of Independence, and the US Constitution. It also discusses freedom's manifestations like autonomy, emancipation, and free press. The document emphasizes that freedom must be promoted, protected, and extended to all people regardless of attributes.
WST . Chapter # 3.rtfdTXT.rtfThe Gendering of Human Rights.docxodiliagilby
WST . Chapter # 3.rtfd/TXT.rtf
The Gendering of Human Rights
Chapter Goals
To understand the heroic actions of women in Latin America fighting for human rights in a period of time (1960-1980) when men and women were kidnapped, murdered, tortured, and disappeared in the hands of death squads and military dictatorships.
To contextualize Latin American women’s actions within the Cold War and the United States policy to stop the spread of communism in Latin America after the triumph of the Cuban Revolution.
To analyze how women’s action impacted Latin America democratization
To see how women’s actions impacted women’s lives and expanded the notion of feminism
To understand why more women than men joined the struggle in what is called “The Gendering of Human Rights.”
Introduction
See a picture of an indigenous woman from Andean Peru, holding a tiny photograph of a man in her hands, then she talks in Qechua with tears in her eyes but with a firm voice. She is a symbol for the tragedy of the “desaparecidos” (disappeared) in Latin America and the monumental women’s human rights movement confronting dictatorships and the danger of civil wars during the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s.
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Definition of “Desaparecidos”
What is a “Desaparecido”
“Desaparecido” (disappeared) is an euphemism for death and implies the forced disappearance of an individual on ideological grounds by a government, military, or/and paramilitar forces. But it is also a heartbreaking uncertainty about the whereabouts of a loved one. Entire communities in Latin America lived that uncertainty and were never allowed to find closure. Ruben Blades, a Panamanian singer and songwriter popularized his song “Los Desaparecidos” as a homage to the hundred of thousands disappeared in Latin America. He says: “where does the disappeared go? Search in the waters and the wilderness. When does the disappeared come back? Every time the memory brings him/her back. And how does one talk to the disappeared? With emotions killing you inside.” (My translation from Spanish).
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These were years of terror during which thousands of women and men were assassinated and thrown into mass graves, rivers, and oceans thus disappearing without trace. Dictators were strong, repressive, and immoral regimes supported by the United States in the context of the Cold War and aimed at crushing the political effervescent around the world and particularly in Latin America after the triumph of the Cuban Revolution.
Open Box Here
Cold War in Latin America
Operation Condor
After the Cuban Revolution, Latin America became an important theater of the Cold War and in the context of the United States back “Operation Condor” in South America. Operation Condor was cond ...
The document is an autobiographical essay by a white woman exploring what it means to be white in America. She discusses some of the historical successes and cultural contributions of white Americans. However, she also acknowledges that whites have oppressed other races through events like slavery, colonialism and restricting rights of minorities and women. The essay reflects on white privilege today and the need for whites to recognize their role in oppression while also celebrating their own cultural heritage and working towards equality and understanding between all races.
1) Equality means everyone being treated the same way with equal rights and opportunities in life, regardless of attributes like gender, religion, or race.
2) Throughout history, groups like the Suffragettes and leaders in the American Civil Rights Movement have campaigned against inequality and discrimination to gain equal rights.
3) While laws have changed to promote equality, some people still experience inequality today for various reasons. Current movements like Black Lives Matter continue working to ensure equality for all.
The document discusses several key aspects of US culture, including its relative youth compared to European cultures, the waves of immigration that have shaped it, and the tension between its ideals of equality and freedom and the injustices of its history including slavery and treatment of native and immigrant groups. It also examines political differences with Europe and the role of fear and media in American society.
Encomium to American freedom and by implication to freedom throughout the world. Created after attending July Fourth Celebration in my birth city of Boston.
The document discusses how Darwin's theory of evolution and survival of the fittest was interpreted and applied by others in harmful ways. It describes how the Nazis used concepts of eugenics and social Darwinism to justify their racist ideology and policies, including mass murder, sterilization, and abortion targeting Jewish and disabled people. Over 100,000 disabled people were executed by the Nazis during their regime of horror in Germany.
South Africa implemented a system of apartheid from 1948 to 1994 that legally enforced racial segregation and discrimination. The apartheid government classified all citizens as either white, black, or colored, and deprived non-white citizens of basic rights and freedoms through strict laws restricting where they could live, work, and travel. While apartheid generated wealth for white South Africans, it had devastating social and economic consequences for black South Africans, including high infant mortality rates, poor education, and violent crackdowns on protests against the system. The end of apartheid in 1993 established a non-racial democratic system, but its legacy continues through issues like unemployment, poverty, disease, and lingering racial tensions. Some work to improve conditions includes efforts by leaders
Similar to 1st LTTA, Fight against Racism and Discrimination (10)
Crete is the largest island in Greece located in the Mediterranean Sea. It has a long history of occupation and influence from various civilizations like the Minoans, Mycenaeans, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Venetians, and Ottomans. Crete has a unique culture and the Cretan people take pride in their island and culture which has been shaped by its diverse history. The landscape and climate also contribute to Crete's rich biodiversity with over 2000 native plant species, some endemic, and wildlife like the endangered Cretan goat and bearded vulture. The traditional Cretan diet of vegetables, fruits, grains and olive oil is considered one of the healthiest Mediterranean diets
The document summarizes wild and cultivated plants found in several European countries, including Turkey, Croatia, Romania, Italy, Latvia, and Greece. Turkey has a phenomenally rich diversity of plant life due to its varied topography and climate. Croatia's flora is the third richest in Europe due to its location between climatic zones. Romania preserves much of its natural environment through traditional farming. Italy has preserved appeal for visitors despite changes throughout history. Latvia has over 1600 species of flowering plants and ferns, typically found in forests, meadows and bogs. The document concludes with an overview of vegetables commonly grown in Greek kitchen gardens in spring and autumn.
The Public Company of Solid Garbage Handling (P.C.S.G.H) was established in 2005 in Chania, Greece to manage solid waste from Chania town and surrounding villages. Garbage is collected separately in green, yellow, and blue bins and bulky objects before being weighed. Staff then separate recyclables from food waste and other garbage. Food waste is composted along with tree branches to produce natural fertilizer within 6 weeks. Recyclable materials and some garbage are processed and sold while remaining non-recyclable waste is buried safely in a sanitary landfill where methane gas is captured.
This document summarizes the results of a research study conducted with 49 students in Romania on fighting against racism and discrimination. The study involved surveys of 26 Greek students and 23 immigrant students on topics related to the behavior of a far-right political party in Greece called Golden Dawn (G.D.), including their views on immigrants in Greece and the influence of G.D. on society. Students were asked questions about G.D.'s relationship to Nazism, whether they consider G.D.'s speech racist, and whether they are worried about G.D.'s influence on modern Greek society.
This document summarizes a 4th LTTA (long term training activity) held in Romania from March 30th to April 4th 2018 on fighting discrimination and racism. It defines various types of discriminatory speech like hate speech, homophobia, sexism, ageism, anti-semitism, and Islamophobia. For each type, it provides reasons they exist and how social media enables their spread. It also outlines when hate speech can become a criminal act, such as inciting violence. Links to additional resources on these topics are included.
Suzanne Lagerweij - Influence Without Power - Why Empathy is Your Best Friend...Suzanne Lagerweij
This is a workshop about communication and collaboration. We will experience how we can analyze the reasons for resistance to change (exercise 1) and practice how to improve our conversation style and be more in control and effective in the way we communicate (exercise 2).
This session will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
Abstract:
Let’s talk about powerful conversations! We all know how to lead a constructive conversation, right? Then why is it so difficult to have those conversations with people at work, especially those in powerful positions that show resistance to change?
Learning to control and direct conversations takes understanding and practice.
We can combine our innate empathy with our analytical skills to gain a deeper understanding of complex situations at work. Join this session to learn how to prepare for difficult conversations and how to improve our agile conversations in order to be more influential without power. We will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
In the session you will experience how preparing and reflecting on your conversation can help you be more influential at work. You will learn how to communicate more effectively with the people needed to achieve positive change. You will leave with a self-revised version of a difficult conversation and a practical model to use when you get back to work.
Come learn more on how to become a real influencer!
This presentation by Katharine Kemp, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Law & Justice at UNSW Sydney, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Carrer goals.pptx and their importance in real lifeartemacademy2
Career goals serve as a roadmap for individuals, guiding them toward achieving long-term professional aspirations and personal fulfillment. Establishing clear career goals enables professionals to focus their efforts on developing specific skills, gaining relevant experience, and making strategic decisions that align with their desired career trajectory. By setting both short-term and long-term objectives, individuals can systematically track their progress, make necessary adjustments, and stay motivated. Short-term goals often include acquiring new qualifications, mastering particular competencies, or securing a specific role, while long-term goals might encompass reaching executive positions, becoming industry experts, or launching entrepreneurial ventures.
Moreover, having well-defined career goals fosters a sense of purpose and direction, enhancing job satisfaction and overall productivity. It encourages continuous learning and adaptation, as professionals remain attuned to industry trends and evolving job market demands. Career goals also facilitate better time management and resource allocation, as individuals prioritize tasks and opportunities that advance their professional growth. In addition, articulating career goals can aid in networking and mentorship, as it allows individuals to communicate their aspirations clearly to potential mentors, colleagues, and employers, thereby opening doors to valuable guidance and support. Ultimately, career goals are integral to personal and professional development, driving individuals toward sustained success and fulfillment in their chosen fields.
This presentation by Tim Capel, Director of the UK Information Commissioner’s Office Legal Service, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Why Psychological Safety Matters for Software Teams - ACE 2024 - Ben Linders.pdfBen Linders
Psychological safety in teams is important; team members must feel safe and able to communicate and collaborate effectively to deliver value. It’s also necessary to build long-lasting teams since things will happen and relationships will be strained.
But, how safe is a team? How can we determine if there are any factors that make the team unsafe or have an impact on the team’s culture?
In this mini-workshop, we’ll play games for psychological safety and team culture utilizing a deck of coaching cards, The Psychological Safety Cards. We will learn how to use gamification to gain a better understanding of what’s going on in teams. Individuals share what they have learned from working in teams, what has impacted the team’s safety and culture, and what has led to positive change.
Different game formats will be played in groups in parallel. Examples are an ice-breaker to get people talking about psychological safety, a constellation where people take positions about aspects of psychological safety in their team or organization, and collaborative card games where people work together to create an environment that fosters psychological safety.
The importance of sustainable and efficient computational practices in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning has become increasingly critical. This webinar focuses on the intersection of sustainability and AI, highlighting the significance of energy-efficient deep learning, innovative randomization techniques in neural networks, the potential of reservoir computing, and the cutting-edge realm of neuromorphic computing. This webinar aims to connect theoretical knowledge with practical applications and provide insights into how these innovative approaches can lead to more robust, efficient, and environmentally conscious AI systems.
Webinar Speaker: Prof. Claudio Gallicchio, Assistant Professor, University of Pisa
Claudio Gallicchio is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Pisa, Italy. His research involves merging concepts from Deep Learning, Dynamical Systems, and Randomized Neural Systems, and he has co-authored over 100 scientific publications on the subject. He is the founder of the IEEE CIS Task Force on Reservoir Computing, and the co-founder and chair of the IEEE Task Force on Randomization-based Neural Networks and Learning Systems. He is an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (TNNLS).
This presentation by Yong Lim, Professor of Economic Law at Seoul National University School of Law, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the 77th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Thibault Schrepel, Associate Professor of Law at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam University, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
XP 2024 presentation: A New Look to Leadershipsamililja
Presentation slides from XP2024 conference, Bolzano IT. The slides describe a new view to leadership and combines it with anthro-complexity (aka cynefin).
This presentation by Nathaniel Lane, Associate Professor in Economics at Oxford University, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Juraj Čorba, Chair of OECD Working Party on Artificial Intelligence Governance (AIGO), was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
2. An attempt to approach racism
1stLTTA,FIGHTAGAINSTRACISMAND
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3. Based on the fact that human beings have
common origin
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4. • We wondered why there is discrimination and
racism
• We traced back the phenomena of racism in
different eras and countries
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5. Joseph Arthur, Comte de Gobineau (14 July 1816 –
13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who
developed the theory of the Aryan master race and
helped to legitimize racism by a scientific racist
theory
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7. The history of racism begins with the
discoveries
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8. The Portuguese navigators were the first to make
long trips, sailing around the coast of Africa and
arriving in Asia.
Their example was followed by the Spanish crown.
The Spanish colonization began in 1509.
In 1522 the Ernar Cortes subjugated the Aztecs.
In 1532 Francisco Pizarro conquered the Incas
Empire.
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9. The colonists behaved brutally towards the
indigenous, because they were convinced for their
racial superiority.
The Spaniards used slave labor of the indigenous for
mining precious metals.
The Portuguese colonists enslaved many thousands
of indigenous people in order to use them in the
sugar cane plantations in Brazil.
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11. Slave trade
In the colonies of the New World the slave trade
reached unprecedented levels.
The British and Portuguese were the main carriers
of slaves.
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13. AFRICA - apartheid (racial segregation,
tribalism)
The separation by race was a policy of the White.
It was launched in Africa since the time of
colonization.
Apartheid as official policy was introduced in the
general elections of 1948.
A new law then divided people into racial groups,
blacks, whites, while regions were separated
accordingly.
Apartheid was abolished in 1991.
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15. USA- Klan (Ku Klux Klan, KKK)
The Ku Klux Klan was a terrorist organization that was
active in the United States of America and supported the
ideology of white supremacy over other tribes as well as
the indigenous, anti-Semitism, racism and homophobia.
The establishment of the first Ku Klux Klan dates back to
December 24, 1865 in Pulaski, Tennessee, shortly after
the American Civil War.
It used terrorism, violence and intimidation to oppress
African Americans and other racial groups.
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17. But what is racism?
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18. Racism is a doctrine which was developed in relation
to specific characteristics (ethnic, religious, cultural,
etc.) in order to elevate a group (social, racial,
religious) to a better and superior position.
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20. Which is the main cause of racism?
The historical facts are being presented partially or
being ignored by the political leadership, social and
scientific institutions, and this feeds racism. The
reason for this is the different interests (national,
political, social, economic) of each nation.
It is no coincidence that in Washington there is a
museum of the Jewish victims of the Holocaust
even though America has not experienced
crematoria but at the same time there is not a
museum for the blacks.
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22. Personalities who have struggled against
racism
Looking back we realized that the safeguarding of human
rights even if they are violated was achieved thanks to the
struggles of some people such as Mahatma Gandhi,
Eleanor Roosevelt, Mother Teresa, the less famous Rosa
Parks who refused to give her seat to a white in the bus , as
she should according to the law. This act was the cause of a
movement of civil disobedience against apartheid, Nelson
Mandela, Martin Luther King, Muhammad Ali and many
others known and unknown, without the assistance of whom
human rights would not have been enacted.
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24. Sixty-nine years after the signing of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights the numbers are shocking
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25. • Nearly 36 million people live in slavery in 167 countries
worldwide.
• 100 million people worldwide are homeless.
• 8 people, all men, possess what the poorest half of the world
population possesses.
• In many countries of the world people are subjected to torture,
prisoners are being executed after unfair trials, political
persecution still exists.
• Phenomena such as human trafficking, inhumane working
conditions, violation of personal data violate human rights.
• A big percentage of the citizens in twelve European countries
share populist, nationalist and xenophobic views.
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27. Twenty-eight years after the adoption of the
Convention on the Rights of the Child by the UN
General Assembly
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28. • 167 million children will live in poverty by 2030.
• 58 million children are still out of school.
• Approximately 8.4 million children are victims of
prostitution and slavery.
• 10.000 children are used in conflicts around the
world.
• At least half of the 65 million children with
disabilities worldwide of school age are away from
classroom.
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30. Exploring the myths of various nations about the origin of the
world
We found that all people at some point in their history
• Wondered about the origins of the world
• All of them gave similar answers:
A union precedes, a death usually follows, a superior
creature interferes, balance dominates and finally human
mankind prospers
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32. Finally we explored the traditional and the modern
diet of different nations around the world.
We firstly realized that all the people share the
common need for food but we also realized that the
diet of a nation depends on climatic and historical
conditions and it is connected with customs and
traditions.
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