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Iodine is an essential mineral needed to produce thyroid hormones. It regulates metabolism and is obtained through foods like seafood, dairy, and iodized salt. Without enough iodine, the thyroid gland can become underactive or overactive, leading to hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Iodine is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and used by the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones, with excess excreted in urine.
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Iodine1.pptx
The document discusses iodine, a trace element that is essential for thyroid function. Iodine is needed to produce the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which regulate metabolism. Good food sources of iodine include seaweed, fish, iodized salt, dairy, and eggs. An iodine deficiency can cause hypothyroidism and goiter, while too much iodine can lead to thyroiditis or hyper/hypothyroidism. The body tightly regulates iodine levels as both a deficiency and excess can impact thyroid health and development.
Health talk on iodine deficiency
This document discusses iodine deficiency and its health effects. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production and plays a vital role in physical and mental development. Iodine deficiency can cause goiter, cretinism, and other disorders collectively known as iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). Prevention methods include iodizing salt, educating people about iodine-rich foods, and nutritional supplementation. While salt iodization has made progress, a quarter of the world remains at risk for low iodine intake so prevention efforts must continue.
Iodine & Health.pptx
Iodine is an essential trace element needed to synthesize thyroid hormones. Nearly 80% of iodine in the body is stored in the thyroid gland. Iodine is absorbed from dietary sources like iodized salt and is transported to the thyroid via sodium/iodide symporters, where it is used to produce thyroid hormones that regulate growth, metabolism and brain development. Iodine deficiency can cause a spectrum of disorders and remains a public health issue in many parts of the world including India, where programs aim to ensure adequate iodine intake through universal salt iodization and health education.
Presentation (4) iodine.pptx
Iodine is an essential nutrient that is important for thyroid function and metabolism. It is needed to produce thyroid hormones, which help regulate body temperature and metabolic rate. Nearly 20-30 mg of iodine is found in the adult human body, primarily in the thyroid gland. Important dietary sources of iodine include seaweed, seafood, dairy products, and iodized salt. Iodine deficiency can lead to thyroid disorders, cognitive issues, goiter and irreversible effects on growth and development. The recommended daily intake of iodine varies from 110-150 mcg depending on age.
IODINE METABOLISM
The document summarizes iodine metabolism. It states that iodine is primarily stored in the thyroid gland where it is used to synthesize the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine. Dietary sources of iodine include seafood, eggs, dairy, and iodized salt. A deficiency of iodine can lead to goiter or cretinism in children, while excess iodine or goitrogenic substances can also interfere with thyroid hormone production.
Iodine deficiency
Iodine is an essential trace mineral that is important for thyroid function and overall health. Iodine deficiency can be caused by low dietary intake, high intake of goitrogenic foods, and environmental factors like pesticides. Iodine is crucial for brain and physical development and a lack of iodine can lead to hypothyroidism, goiter, cretinism, and other health issues. Maintaining adequate iodine levels through iodized salt, seafood, or supplements is important for preventing iodine deficiency.
Iodine Deficiency Disorder - IDD.pdf
Iodine is an essential micronutrient needed to synthesize thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency can cause iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) which impacts public health worldwide. IDD results in goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), hypothyroidism, impaired brain development in children, and increased infant mortality. Prevention focuses on iodizing salt, dietary sources like seafood, and public education. Addressing IDD requires sustained efforts to ensure populations receive adequate iodine intake, especially during pregnancy and childhood.
Iodine
Iodine is an essential trace element needed by the body in small amounts. It is a component of thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism and body temperature. Adequate iodine intake is especially important during pregnancy and breastfeeding as it is crucial for fetal development and prevents neurological issues. Pregnant and lactating women are recommended to intake 150 mcg of iodine daily to support development during the first few months of pregnancy. A deficiency in iodine can cause hypothyroidism, goiter, and cretinism.
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Iodine1.pptx
The document discusses iodine, a trace element that is essential for thyroid function. Iodine is needed to produce the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which regulate metabolism. Good food sources of iodine include seaweed, fish, iodized salt, dairy, and eggs. An iodine deficiency can cause hypothyroidism and goiter, while too much iodine can lead to thyroiditis or hyper/hypothyroidism. The body tightly regulates iodine levels as both a deficiency and excess can impact thyroid health and development.
Health talk on iodine deficiency
This document discusses iodine deficiency and its health effects. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production and plays a vital role in physical and mental development. Iodine deficiency can cause goiter, cretinism, and other disorders collectively known as iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). Prevention methods include iodizing salt, educating people about iodine-rich foods, and nutritional supplementation. While salt iodization has made progress, a quarter of the world remains at risk for low iodine intake so prevention efforts must continue.
Iodine & Health.pptx
Iodine is an essential trace element needed to synthesize thyroid hormones. Nearly 80% of iodine in the body is stored in the thyroid gland. Iodine is absorbed from dietary sources like iodized salt and is transported to the thyroid via sodium/iodide symporters, where it is used to produce thyroid hormones that regulate growth, metabolism and brain development. Iodine deficiency can cause a spectrum of disorders and remains a public health issue in many parts of the world including India, where programs aim to ensure adequate iodine intake through universal salt iodization and health education.
Presentation (4) iodine.pptx
Iodine is an essential nutrient that is important for thyroid function and metabolism. It is needed to produce thyroid hormones, which help regulate body temperature and metabolic rate. Nearly 20-30 mg of iodine is found in the adult human body, primarily in the thyroid gland. Important dietary sources of iodine include seaweed, seafood, dairy products, and iodized salt. Iodine deficiency can lead to thyroid disorders, cognitive issues, goiter and irreversible effects on growth and development. The recommended daily intake of iodine varies from 110-150 mcg depending on age.
IODINE METABOLISM
The document summarizes iodine metabolism. It states that iodine is primarily stored in the thyroid gland where it is used to synthesize the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine. Dietary sources of iodine include seafood, eggs, dairy, and iodized salt. A deficiency of iodine can lead to goiter or cretinism in children, while excess iodine or goitrogenic substances can also interfere with thyroid hormone production.
Iodine deficiency
Iodine is an essential trace mineral that is important for thyroid function and overall health. Iodine deficiency can be caused by low dietary intake, high intake of goitrogenic foods, and environmental factors like pesticides. Iodine is crucial for brain and physical development and a lack of iodine can lead to hypothyroidism, goiter, cretinism, and other health issues. Maintaining adequate iodine levels through iodized salt, seafood, or supplements is important for preventing iodine deficiency.
Iodine Deficiency Disorder - IDD.pdf
Iodine is an essential micronutrient needed to synthesize thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency can cause iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) which impacts public health worldwide. IDD results in goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), hypothyroidism, impaired brain development in children, and increased infant mortality. Prevention focuses on iodizing salt, dietary sources like seafood, and public education. Addressing IDD requires sustained efforts to ensure populations receive adequate iodine intake, especially during pregnancy and childhood.
Iodine
Iodine is an essential trace element needed by the body in small amounts. It is a component of thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism and body temperature. Adequate iodine intake is especially important during pregnancy and breastfeeding as it is crucial for fetal development and prevents neurological issues. Pregnant and lactating women are recommended to intake 150 mcg of iodine daily to support development during the first few months of pregnancy. A deficiency in iodine can cause hypothyroidism, goiter, and cretinism.
Iodine ...
Iodine is an essential element needed to make thyroid hormones. It is found naturally in seafood, seaweed, and iodized salt. While iodine deficiency can cause goiter, too much iodine intake from supplements can also be harmful. Iodine is used as an antiseptic and to treat iodine deficiency. Sources of iodine include seaweed, cod, yogurt, and iodized salt. The recommended daily intake is 150 mcg for adults.
Micro minerals
This document discusses human nutrition as it relates to iodine, fluoride, and magnesium. It provides information on the functions, sources, recommended daily amounts, and effects of deficiencies and toxicities for each mineral. Iodine is needed to make thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. Sources include seafood, bread, and iodized salt. A deficiency can cause goiter or cretinism. Fluoride strengthens teeth and bones. It is found in drinking water and too much can cause dental or skeletal fluorosis. Magnesium is involved in many enzyme systems and is found in vegetables, grains, and dairy. Deficiencies or toxicities of any of these minerals can impact health.
IDD.pptx
Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is a common global health issue caused by insufficient iodine intake. Iodine is an essential mineral that is crucial for the production of thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism and growth, particularly in children.
When the body does not get enough iodine, the thyroid gland enlarges to try to compensate, resulting in a condition known as goiter. Goiter can cause difficulties with breathing and swallowing, as well as discomfort in the neck area.
In children, iodine deficiency can lead to a range of developmental issues, including stunted growth, mental impairment, and decreased IQ. Pregnant women who are iodine deficient are at risk of having children with congenital disabilities, such as cretinism, which can result in severe mental and physical impairment.
IDD is prevalent in areas where the soil lacks iodine and is often compounded by poor dietary practices. The most effective method for preventing IDD is to increase dietary intake of iodine through foods such as iodized salt, seafood, and dairy products. In some cases, supplements may be necessary, particularly for pregnant women and those living in areas with severe iodine deficiency.
In conclusion, IDD is a preventable health issue that can have severe consequences for physical and mental development. It is crucial to promote awareness of this disorder and take steps to ensure that individuals have access to adequate sources of dietary iodine.
Thyrobalance
The document discusses the function of the thyroid gland and the importance of iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis. It notes that the thyroid gland regulates metabolism and energy balance in the body. A lack of iodine can lead to thyroid disorders and developmental issues. The Thyrobalance complex provides iodine and other nutrients like tyrosine to support thyroid function and hormone production. It may help prevent hypothyroidism and goiter caused by iodine deficiency.
Iodine
Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production and is obtained through foods like seaweed and seafood or iodized salt. Iodine deficiency can cause goiter and irreversible intellectual and growth impairments while excess iodine can inhibit the thyroid. Various indicators are used to assess iodine status including urinary iodine and thyroid size. Iodine interacts with medications for hyperthyroidism and high blood pressure and deficiencies in selenium or vitamins A, E, zinc and iron can exacerbate effects of iodine deficiency.
Thyro tone
ThyroTone is a supplement designed to support a healthy thyroid gland and metabolism. It contains nutrients like L-tyrosine, iodine, selenium, and ashwagandha that are involved in thyroid hormone production and metabolism. Taking ThyroTone can help maintain thyroid and metabolic health for those with underactive thyroid symptoms like fatigue and weight gain. The supplement aims to provide thyroid supporting nutrients that may be lacking in a typical Western diet.
Iodine
Iodine is a mineral needed to produce thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. It is found in fish, dairy, and seafood. During pregnancy, adequate iodine is important for the baby's brain development. The document outlines iodine recommendations, sources, risks of too little or too much, and notes some populations may need supplements to meet higher pregnancy needs.
Microbiology of idly
This document discusses the microbiology of idly, a popular South Indian breakfast food. It begins by introducing idly and its variations. The key microorganisms involved in idly fermentation are lactic acid bacteria like Leuconostoc mesenteroidies and yeasts like Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These microbes lower the pH and increase volume during fermentation. Biochemical changes increase nutrients like proteins, amino acids, and vitamins. Finally, the document discusses methods to improve the shelf life of idly batter and cooked idly.
Iodine Deficiency Disorder
this ppt is about iodine deficiency disorder and diseases associated with it. it also deals with the foods to be avoided during the issue.
Iodine for mother and fetus
Although the term "iodine-deficiency disorders" (!DD) is of
relatively recent provenance, having been introduced by Dr Basil Hetzel just two years ago, it is a term that very appropriately covers the tragic spectrum of mental and physical disability resulting from an inadequate dietary intake and supply of iodine to the developing brain of the foetus, infant and young child. At the benign end of the spectrum is the widely prevalent and largely cosmetic condition of goitre, while at the opposite end is the relatively uncommon syndrome of cretinism. Between these poles is a range of impaired mental and physical functions of varying severity.
Iodine deficiency it’s control and food fortification
Learning Objectives:
By the end of the session students will be able
To define iodine deficiency
To define goitrogens
To identify sources of iodine
To list Epidemiological assessment of iodine deficiency
To Name International Iodine Control Strategies
To name Iodine Control Program of Pakistan
Iodine Deficiency Disorder by sajib reza
Iodine deficiency disorder, anatomy of hypothalamus, clinical description of goitre, critinism, treatment of IDD
Five foods to avoid from a hypothyroid diet
Hypothyroid diet of a patient should not contain some foods which can harm their thyroid. Hence we should avoid these type of foods.
Poor Thyroid Function
This document provides an overview of iodine and its importance for thyroid health. Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones and is necessary for proper metabolism and development. However, iodine levels are declining due to reduced intake from foods and use in food processing. Additionally, exposure to competing halides like bromine, fluoride, and perchlorate can interfere with iodine absorption and thyroid function. Maintaining sufficient iodine intake through diet and supplements, while limiting toxic halide exposure, is important for optimal health.
Iodine, zinc and selenium
This document discusses the trace element iodine. It notes that iodine is essential for normal thyroid function and the production of thyroid hormones. It was discovered in 1811 by a French chemist. Approximately 15-20 mg of iodine is found in the human body, with 70-80% concentrated in the thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency can cause mental and physical disabilities collectively called iodine deficiency disorders. The document outlines dietary sources of iodine and its metabolism and role in the body.
Mineral metabolism (iodine & zinc) -Biochemistry
1) The document discusses mineral metabolism, focusing on iodine and zinc. Iodine is important for thyroid hormone production and zinc serves as a cofactor for many enzymes.
2) Iodine is obtained from foods like seafood, fish, and iodized salt. The thyroid gland concentrates iodine and uses it to produce the hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Iodine deficiency can cause goiter and hypothyroidism.
3) Zinc is found in foods like legumes, potatoes, and cabbage. It is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes and is important for processes like wound healing. Zinc deficiency can impair growth and immune function.
latest about iodine
Iodine is an essential mineral needed for normal thyroid function and metabolism. It is found in iodized salt, seafood, dairy, and foods grown in iodine-rich soil. Lack of iodine can cause goiter or hypothyroidism. Two studies in the early 1900s showed that supplementing with iodine reduced goiter rates. While iodized salt provides some iodine, it may not meet daily needs, and iodine levels in the US have dropped 50% in recent decades. Bromine in some foods can interfere with iodine uptake as well. Urine tests can check iodine status.
chapter seven.pptx
This document discusses minerals and their importance for human health. It focuses on iron and iodine. Minerals are inorganic elements that are essential structural components and are involved in vital processes. Iron is important for transporting oxygen in hemoglobin and iodine is essential for thyroid hormones. The document outlines sources of iron and iodine, their functions, deficiency symptoms, and strategies for prevention like supplementation and diet. Universal salt iodization is presented as an effective method for long-term iodine deficiency prevention and control.
Vitamins
Vitamins are organic compounds that are required by the body in small amounts to perform cellular functions like growth and reproduction. They are categorized as either water soluble or fat soluble. Vitamin A is a fat soluble vitamin that is essential for vision, growth, reproduction, and maintenance of epithelial tissues. It exists in preformed and provitamin A forms found in both animal and plant products. Vitamin A plays important roles in visual cycle, growth, differentiation of cells, reproduction, acne/psoriasis, and prevention of chronic diseases. Deficiency can cause night blindness while toxicity from excess intake can harm a developing fetus.
Trace elements minerals
This document discusses trace elements and microminerals that are essential for human nutrition. It defines trace elements as minerals needed in small amounts like iron, iodine, fluorine, zinc and copper. It outlines the functions, dietary requirements and sources of these key microminerals. It further describes deficiencies that can arise from inadequate intake of minerals like iron-deficiency anemia and iodine deficiency disorders. The document concludes with highlighting national programs in place for prevention and control of micromineral deficiencies in populations.
3- health and human behavior.pptx
This document discusses health and human behavior. It defines key terms like behavior, lifestyle, customs, traditions and culture. It outlines factors that affect human behavior like knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, values and norms. Enabling and reinforcing factors are also discussed. The role of human behavior in disease prevention and health promotion is explored through primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Behavior changes can promote health and prevent disease at all three prevention levels.
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Iodine ...
Iodine is an essential element needed to make thyroid hormones. It is found naturally in seafood, seaweed, and iodized salt. While iodine deficiency can cause goiter, too much iodine intake from supplements can also be harmful. Iodine is used as an antiseptic and to treat iodine deficiency. Sources of iodine include seaweed, cod, yogurt, and iodized salt. The recommended daily intake is 150 mcg for adults.
Micro minerals
This document discusses human nutrition as it relates to iodine, fluoride, and magnesium. It provides information on the functions, sources, recommended daily amounts, and effects of deficiencies and toxicities for each mineral. Iodine is needed to make thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. Sources include seafood, bread, and iodized salt. A deficiency can cause goiter or cretinism. Fluoride strengthens teeth and bones. It is found in drinking water and too much can cause dental or skeletal fluorosis. Magnesium is involved in many enzyme systems and is found in vegetables, grains, and dairy. Deficiencies or toxicities of any of these minerals can impact health.
IDD.pptx
Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is a common global health issue caused by insufficient iodine intake. Iodine is an essential mineral that is crucial for the production of thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism and growth, particularly in children.
When the body does not get enough iodine, the thyroid gland enlarges to try to compensate, resulting in a condition known as goiter. Goiter can cause difficulties with breathing and swallowing, as well as discomfort in the neck area.
In children, iodine deficiency can lead to a range of developmental issues, including stunted growth, mental impairment, and decreased IQ. Pregnant women who are iodine deficient are at risk of having children with congenital disabilities, such as cretinism, which can result in severe mental and physical impairment.
IDD is prevalent in areas where the soil lacks iodine and is often compounded by poor dietary practices. The most effective method for preventing IDD is to increase dietary intake of iodine through foods such as iodized salt, seafood, and dairy products. In some cases, supplements may be necessary, particularly for pregnant women and those living in areas with severe iodine deficiency.
In conclusion, IDD is a preventable health issue that can have severe consequences for physical and mental development. It is crucial to promote awareness of this disorder and take steps to ensure that individuals have access to adequate sources of dietary iodine.
Thyrobalance
The document discusses the function of the thyroid gland and the importance of iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis. It notes that the thyroid gland regulates metabolism and energy balance in the body. A lack of iodine can lead to thyroid disorders and developmental issues. The Thyrobalance complex provides iodine and other nutrients like tyrosine to support thyroid function and hormone production. It may help prevent hypothyroidism and goiter caused by iodine deficiency.
Iodine
Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production and is obtained through foods like seaweed and seafood or iodized salt. Iodine deficiency can cause goiter and irreversible intellectual and growth impairments while excess iodine can inhibit the thyroid. Various indicators are used to assess iodine status including urinary iodine and thyroid size. Iodine interacts with medications for hyperthyroidism and high blood pressure and deficiencies in selenium or vitamins A, E, zinc and iron can exacerbate effects of iodine deficiency.
Thyro tone
ThyroTone is a supplement designed to support a healthy thyroid gland and metabolism. It contains nutrients like L-tyrosine, iodine, selenium, and ashwagandha that are involved in thyroid hormone production and metabolism. Taking ThyroTone can help maintain thyroid and metabolic health for those with underactive thyroid symptoms like fatigue and weight gain. The supplement aims to provide thyroid supporting nutrients that may be lacking in a typical Western diet.
Iodine
Iodine is a mineral needed to produce thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. It is found in fish, dairy, and seafood. During pregnancy, adequate iodine is important for the baby's brain development. The document outlines iodine recommendations, sources, risks of too little or too much, and notes some populations may need supplements to meet higher pregnancy needs.
Microbiology of idly
This document discusses the microbiology of idly, a popular South Indian breakfast food. It begins by introducing idly and its variations. The key microorganisms involved in idly fermentation are lactic acid bacteria like Leuconostoc mesenteroidies and yeasts like Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These microbes lower the pH and increase volume during fermentation. Biochemical changes increase nutrients like proteins, amino acids, and vitamins. Finally, the document discusses methods to improve the shelf life of idly batter and cooked idly.
Iodine Deficiency Disorder
this ppt is about iodine deficiency disorder and diseases associated with it. it also deals with the foods to be avoided during the issue.
Iodine for mother and fetus
Although the term "iodine-deficiency disorders" (!DD) is of
relatively recent provenance, having been introduced by Dr Basil Hetzel just two years ago, it is a term that very appropriately covers the tragic spectrum of mental and physical disability resulting from an inadequate dietary intake and supply of iodine to the developing brain of the foetus, infant and young child. At the benign end of the spectrum is the widely prevalent and largely cosmetic condition of goitre, while at the opposite end is the relatively uncommon syndrome of cretinism. Between these poles is a range of impaired mental and physical functions of varying severity.
Iodine deficiency it’s control and food fortification
Learning Objectives:
By the end of the session students will be able
To define iodine deficiency
To define goitrogens
To identify sources of iodine
To list Epidemiological assessment of iodine deficiency
To Name International Iodine Control Strategies
To name Iodine Control Program of Pakistan
Iodine Deficiency Disorder by sajib reza
Iodine deficiency disorder, anatomy of hypothalamus, clinical description of goitre, critinism, treatment of IDD
Five foods to avoid from a hypothyroid diet
Hypothyroid diet of a patient should not contain some foods which can harm their thyroid. Hence we should avoid these type of foods.
Poor Thyroid Function
This document provides an overview of iodine and its importance for thyroid health. Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones and is necessary for proper metabolism and development. However, iodine levels are declining due to reduced intake from foods and use in food processing. Additionally, exposure to competing halides like bromine, fluoride, and perchlorate can interfere with iodine absorption and thyroid function. Maintaining sufficient iodine intake through diet and supplements, while limiting toxic halide exposure, is important for optimal health.
Iodine, zinc and selenium
This document discusses the trace element iodine. It notes that iodine is essential for normal thyroid function and the production of thyroid hormones. It was discovered in 1811 by a French chemist. Approximately 15-20 mg of iodine is found in the human body, with 70-80% concentrated in the thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency can cause mental and physical disabilities collectively called iodine deficiency disorders. The document outlines dietary sources of iodine and its metabolism and role in the body.
Mineral metabolism (iodine & zinc) -Biochemistry
1) The document discusses mineral metabolism, focusing on iodine and zinc. Iodine is important for thyroid hormone production and zinc serves as a cofactor for many enzymes.
2) Iodine is obtained from foods like seafood, fish, and iodized salt. The thyroid gland concentrates iodine and uses it to produce the hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Iodine deficiency can cause goiter and hypothyroidism.
3) Zinc is found in foods like legumes, potatoes, and cabbage. It is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes and is important for processes like wound healing. Zinc deficiency can impair growth and immune function.
latest about iodine
Iodine is an essential mineral needed for normal thyroid function and metabolism. It is found in iodized salt, seafood, dairy, and foods grown in iodine-rich soil. Lack of iodine can cause goiter or hypothyroidism. Two studies in the early 1900s showed that supplementing with iodine reduced goiter rates. While iodized salt provides some iodine, it may not meet daily needs, and iodine levels in the US have dropped 50% in recent decades. Bromine in some foods can interfere with iodine uptake as well. Urine tests can check iodine status.
chapter seven.pptx
This document discusses minerals and their importance for human health. It focuses on iron and iodine. Minerals are inorganic elements that are essential structural components and are involved in vital processes. Iron is important for transporting oxygen in hemoglobin and iodine is essential for thyroid hormones. The document outlines sources of iron and iodine, their functions, deficiency symptoms, and strategies for prevention like supplementation and diet. Universal salt iodization is presented as an effective method for long-term iodine deficiency prevention and control.
Vitamins
Vitamins are organic compounds that are required by the body in small amounts to perform cellular functions like growth and reproduction. They are categorized as either water soluble or fat soluble. Vitamin A is a fat soluble vitamin that is essential for vision, growth, reproduction, and maintenance of epithelial tissues. It exists in preformed and provitamin A forms found in both animal and plant products. Vitamin A plays important roles in visual cycle, growth, differentiation of cells, reproduction, acne/psoriasis, and prevention of chronic diseases. Deficiency can cause night blindness while toxicity from excess intake can harm a developing fetus.
Trace elements minerals
This document discusses trace elements and microminerals that are essential for human nutrition. It defines trace elements as minerals needed in small amounts like iron, iodine, fluorine, zinc and copper. It outlines the functions, dietary requirements and sources of these key microminerals. It further describes deficiencies that can arise from inadequate intake of minerals like iron-deficiency anemia and iodine deficiency disorders. The document concludes with highlighting national programs in place for prevention and control of micromineral deficiencies in populations.
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providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
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- 1. Iodine
- 2. Introduction Iodine is an essential trace mineral not made by the body so must be obtained by food or supplements. It is found naturally in some foods and is added to supplements and some salt seasonings. Iodine is needed to make the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which assist with the creation of proteins and enzyme activity, as well as regulating normal metabolism. Without enough iodine, these thyroid hormones do not work properly and can lead to an under- active or overactive thyroid gland, causing the medical conditions of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism with various negative side effects in the body.
- 3. Function
- 4. Source Potatoes • Yogurt • Eggs • Milk • Seafood • Cheese • Fortified • Fruits • Beans
- 5. What foods provide iodine ?
- 9. Absorption Iodine from the diet is absorbed throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Dietary iodine is converted into the iodide ion before it is absorbed. The iodide ion is bio-available and absorbed totally from food and water. This is not true for iodine within thyroid hormones ingested for therapeutic purposes. Iodine enters the circulation as plasma inorganic iodide, which is cleared from circulation by the thyroid and kidney. The iodide is used by the thyroid gland for synthesis of thyroid hormones, and the kidney excretes iodine with urine. The excretion of iodine in the urine is a good measure of iodine intake .
- 10. Iodine chemical form atomicatomic weight number acid-base properties symbolof higher-valence oxides53 [Kr]4d105s25p5 iodine electroncrystal structure configuration physical state name at 20 oc (6B OF) Halogens Solid Orthorhombic Strongly acidic Brit Phase at STP solid Melting point (b) 386.85 K (113.7 O C, 236.66 O F) Boiling point (12) 457.4 K (184.3 o c, 363.7 OF) Density (near r.t.) 4.933 g/cm 3 Triple point 386.65 K, 12.1 kPa Critical point 819 K, 11.7 MPa Heat of fusion (12) 15.52 kJ/mol Heat of vaporisation (12) 41.57 kJ/mol