1
PHY 4822L (Advanced Laboratory):
Analysis of a bubble chamber picture
Introduction
In this experiment you will study a reaction between “elementary particles” by analyzing their
tracks in a bubble chamber. Such particles are everywhere around us [1,2]. Apart from the standard
matter particles proton, neutron and electron, hundreds of other particles have been found [3,4],
produced in cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere or by accelerators. Hundreds of charged
particles traverse our bodies per second, and some will damage our DNA, one of the reasons for the
necessity of a sophisticated DNA repair mechanism in the cell.
2
Figure 1: Photograph of the interaction between a high-energy π--meson from the Berkeley
Bevatron accelerator and a proton in a liquid hydrogen bubble chamber, which produces two neutral
short-lived particles Λ0 and K0 which decay into charged particles a bit further.
Figure 2: illustration of the interaction, and identification of bubble trails and variables to be
measured in the photograph in Figures 3 and 4.
The data for this experiment is in the form of a bubble chamber photograph which shows bubble
tracks made by elementary particles as they traverse liquid hydrogen. In the experiment under
study, a beam of low-energy negative pions (π- beam) hits a hydrogen target in a bubble chamber.
A bubble chamber [5] is essentially a container with a liquid kept just below its boiling point (T=20
K for hydrogen). A piston allows expanding the inside volume, thus lowering the pressure inside
the bubblechamber. When the beam particles enter the detector a piston slightly decompresses the
liquid so it becomes "super-critical'' and starts boiling, and bubbles form, first at the ionization
trails left by the charged particles traversing the liquid.
The reaction shown in Figure 1 shows the production of a pair of neutral particles (that do not leave
a ionized trail in their wake), which after a short while decay into pairs of charged particles:
π - + p → Λo + Ko,
3
where the neutral particles Λo and Ko decay as follows:
Λo → p + π-, Ko → π+ + π-.
In this experiment, we assume the masses of the proton (mp = 938.3 MeV/c2) and the pions (mπ+ =
mπ- = 139.4 MeV/c2) to be known precisely, and we will determine the masses of the Λ0 and the K0,
also in these mass energy units.
Momentum measurement
In order to “reconstruct” the interaction completely, one uses the conservation laws of (relativistic)
momentum and energy, plus the knowledge of the initial pion beam parameters (mass and
momentum). In order to measure momenta of the produced charged particles, the bubble chamber is
located inside a magnet that bends the charged particles in helical paths. The 1.5 T magnetic field is
directed up out of the photograph. The momentum p of each particle is directly proportional to the
radius of curvature R, which in turn can be calculated fro.
Measurement
of
the
angle
θ
For
better
understanding
I
am
showing
you
a
different
particle
track
diagram
bellow.
Where
at
point
C
particle
𝜋! 𝑎𝑛𝑑 Σ!
are
created
and
the
Σ!
decays
into
𝜋∓ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 K!
particles
The
angle
θ
between
the
π−
and
Σ−
momentum
vectors
can
be
determined
by
drawing
tangents
to
the
π−
and
Σ−
tracks
at
the
point
of
the
Σ−
decay.
We
can
then
measure
the
angle
between
the
tangents
using
a
protractor.
Alternative
method
which
does
not
require
a
protractor
is
also
possible.
Let
AC
and
BC
be
the
tangents
to
the
π−
and
Σ−
tracks
respectively.
Drop
a
perpendicular
(AB)
and
measure
the
distances
AB
and
BC.
The
ratio
AB/BC
gives
the
tangent
of
the
angle180◦−θ.
It
should
be
noted
that
only
some
of
the
time
will
the
angle
θ
exceed
90◦
as
shown
here.
Determining
the
uncertainty
of
Measurements
In
part
B,
It
is
asked
to
estimate
the
uncertainty
of
your
measurements
of
𝜃
and
r.
Uncertainty
of
measurement
is
the
doubt
that
exists
about
the
result
of
any
measurement.
You
might
think
that
well-‐made
rulers,
clocks
and
thermometers
should
be
trustworthy,
and
give
the
right
answers.
But
for
every
measurement
-‐
even
the
most
careful
-‐
there
is
always
a
margin
of
doubt.
It
is
important
not
to
confuse
the
terms
‘error’
and
‘uncertainty’.
Error
is
the
difference
between
the
measured
value
and
the
‘true
value’
of
the
thing
being
measured.
Uncertainty
is
a
quantification
of
the
doubt
about
the
measurement
result
Since
there
is
always
a
margin
of
doubt
about
any
measurement,
we
need
to
ask
‘How
big
is
the
margin?’
and
‘How
bad
is
the
doubt?’
Thus,
two
numbers
are
really
needed
in
order
to
quantify
an
uncertainty.
One
is
the
width
of
the
margin,
or
interval.
The
other
is
a
confidence
level,
and
states
how
sure
we
are
that
the
‘true
value’
is
within
that
margin.
You
can
increase
the
amount
of
information
you
get
from
your
measurements
by
taking
a
number
of
readings
and
carrying
out
1. The document describes measuring the angle θ between momentum vectors of particles π- and Σ- produced in a particle interaction using a bubble chamber photograph. The angle can be determined by drawing tangents to the particle tracks and measuring the angle between them.
2. An alternative method to measure the angle not requiring a protractor is described using ratios of distances along the tangents.
3. Instructions are given to estimate uncertainties in measurements taken from repeated readings using calculations of average and standard deviation.
1) The document provides an overview of the contents of Part II of a slideshow on modern physics, which covers topics such as charge and current densities, electromagnetic induction, Maxwell's equations, special relativity, tensors, blackbody radiation, photons, electrons, scattering problems, and waves.
2) It aims to provide a brief yet modern review of foundational concepts in electromagnetism and set the stage for introducing special relativity, quantum mechanics, and matter waves for undergraduate students.
3) The overview highlights that succeeding chapters will develop tensor formulations of electromagnetism and special relativity from first principles before discussing applications like blackbody radiation and early quantum models.
Uncertainties in the Determination of the W Boson MassIJRES Journal
In the standard model1 of particle physics, the mass of the W boson, MW, is an intrinsic measurement to make with the highest possible precision. The value is correlated with the mass of the top quark, mt, and the mass of the Higgs boson, MH, in higher order processes of the standard model framework. Because of this, accurate measurements of MW and mttest the internal consistency of the standard model. For example, comparing the constrained measurements of MH to the actual value of the boson not only helps validate the standard model as a coherent whole, but helps further define the properties of the Higgs boson itself. Due to the interrelated nature of the standard model’s constituents, understanding MWin full detail is of critical importance, especially if we intend to further understand the electroweak portion of the model. The standard model is a primarily predictive tool employed when undertaking experiments in particle physics. An advanced understanding of the subatomic physical world cannot be achieved without completion of the standard model. The goal of this project is to determine the Parton Distribution Function (PDF) uncertainty in the MWmeasurementat the D0 experiment. Using these PDFs and the W boson to electron-neutrino decay events generated by ResBos2, we study the primary causes of these uncertainties. We do this by using the detector fast simulation, Parametric Monte Carlo Simulation (PMCS). There are four distinct PDFs that we analyze: CTEQ6.62, CT10w, CT10, and CT10[12] where only the up and down quarks are considered. This analysis also helps us understand what additional measurements could be made to improve the PDF uncertainty.
The document discusses concepts related to the quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom. It provides answers to conceptual problems involving energy levels, quantum numbers, and properties of atomic orbitals. Key points include:
- As the principal quantum number n increases, the spacing between adjacent energy levels decreases.
- For n=4, the orbital quantum number l can take on values from 0 to 3.
- In sodium, the 3s state is at a lower energy than the 3p state due to penetration of the 3s orbital closer to the nucleus. In hydrogen, the 3s and 3p states have similar energies.
- The Ritz combination principle, where 1/λ1 + 1/λ2
This document summarizes a research project that involves building a toy model of particle collisions using C++ and ROOT. The model simulates collisions by sampling probability distributions measured in real collisions. It generates particles and assigns them properties like momentum and angle. It also models physical processes like jet production and elliptic flow. The goal is to study how properties of particles like jets are affected by a quark-gluon plasma and vice versa. The model allows tuning parameters to learn about collision interactions and switch physics processes on or off.
This document discusses using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations to model the electronic and optical properties of oligomers and polymers. The study finds that the pyridine-9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl-pyridine (Py-PFO-Py) monomer accurately describes the absorption spectrum of the PFO-BPy polymer within the accuracy of TDDFT. Modeling the smallest representative oligomer is computationally cheaper and allows modeling more complex polymer-nanotube hybrid systems.
35 Charged particle detection at GRAAL - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solid...Cristian Randieri PhD
Charged particle detection at GRAAL - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids, Taylor & Francis, May June 2009, Vol. 164, N. 5-6, pp. 357-362, ISSN:1042-0150, doi: 10.1080/10420150902811698
di F. Mammoliti, V. Bellini, A. Giusa, C. Randieri, G. Russo, M. L. Sperduto, M. C. Sutera, A. D’Angelo, R. Di Salvo, A. Fantini, D. Franco, D. Moricciani, C. Schaerf, V. Vegna, P. Levi Sandri, G. Mandaglio, G. Giardina (2009)
Abstract
Experimental results on proton and charged pion detection obtained from a study of the γ+n→p+π− reaction are reported in detail. Data have been collected using the tagged and linearly polarized photon beam, impinging on a deuterium target, and the large solid angle apparatus of the GRAAL facility in Grenoble (France). The energy of the charged particles was measured using a BGO calorimeter. A comparison of the experimental data with a GEANT3-based simulation is also presented.
Measurement
of
the
angle
θ
For
better
understanding
I
am
showing
you
a
different
particle
track
diagram
bellow.
Where
at
point
C
particle
𝜋! 𝑎𝑛𝑑 Σ!
are
created
and
the
Σ!
decays
into
𝜋∓ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 K!
particles
The
angle
θ
between
the
π−
and
Σ−
momentum
vectors
can
be
determined
by
drawing
tangents
to
the
π−
and
Σ−
tracks
at
the
point
of
the
Σ−
decay.
We
can
then
measure
the
angle
between
the
tangents
using
a
protractor.
Alternative
method
which
does
not
require
a
protractor
is
also
possible.
Let
AC
and
BC
be
the
tangents
to
the
π−
and
Σ−
tracks
respectively.
Drop
a
perpendicular
(AB)
and
measure
the
distances
AB
and
BC.
The
ratio
AB/BC
gives
the
tangent
of
the
angle180◦−θ.
It
should
be
noted
that
only
some
of
the
time
will
the
angle
θ
exceed
90◦
as
shown
here.
Determining
the
uncertainty
of
Measurements
In
part
B,
It
is
asked
to
estimate
the
uncertainty
of
your
measurements
of
𝜃
and
r.
Uncertainty
of
measurement
is
the
doubt
that
exists
about
the
result
of
any
measurement.
You
might
think
that
well-‐made
rulers,
clocks
and
thermometers
should
be
trustworthy,
and
give
the
right
answers.
But
for
every
measurement
-‐
even
the
most
careful
-‐
there
is
always
a
margin
of
doubt.
It
is
important
not
to
confuse
the
terms
‘error’
and
‘uncertainty’.
Error
is
the
difference
between
the
measured
value
and
the
‘true
value’
of
the
thing
being
measured.
Uncertainty
is
a
quantification
of
the
doubt
about
the
measurement
result
Since
there
is
always
a
margin
of
doubt
about
any
measurement,
we
need
to
ask
‘How
big
is
the
margin?’
and
‘How
bad
is
the
doubt?’
Thus,
two
numbers
are
really
needed
in
order
to
quantify
an
uncertainty.
One
is
the
width
of
the
margin,
or
interval.
The
other
is
a
confidence
level,
and
states
how
sure
we
are
that
the
‘true
value’
is
within
that
margin.
You
can
increase
the
amount
of
information
you
get
from
your
measurements
by
taking
a
number
of
readings
and
carrying
out
1. The document describes measuring the angle θ between momentum vectors of particles π- and Σ- produced in a particle interaction using a bubble chamber photograph. The angle can be determined by drawing tangents to the particle tracks and measuring the angle between them.
2. An alternative method to measure the angle not requiring a protractor is described using ratios of distances along the tangents.
3. Instructions are given to estimate uncertainties in measurements taken from repeated readings using calculations of average and standard deviation.
1) The document provides an overview of the contents of Part II of a slideshow on modern physics, which covers topics such as charge and current densities, electromagnetic induction, Maxwell's equations, special relativity, tensors, blackbody radiation, photons, electrons, scattering problems, and waves.
2) It aims to provide a brief yet modern review of foundational concepts in electromagnetism and set the stage for introducing special relativity, quantum mechanics, and matter waves for undergraduate students.
3) The overview highlights that succeeding chapters will develop tensor formulations of electromagnetism and special relativity from first principles before discussing applications like blackbody radiation and early quantum models.
Uncertainties in the Determination of the W Boson MassIJRES Journal
In the standard model1 of particle physics, the mass of the W boson, MW, is an intrinsic measurement to make with the highest possible precision. The value is correlated with the mass of the top quark, mt, and the mass of the Higgs boson, MH, in higher order processes of the standard model framework. Because of this, accurate measurements of MW and mttest the internal consistency of the standard model. For example, comparing the constrained measurements of MH to the actual value of the boson not only helps validate the standard model as a coherent whole, but helps further define the properties of the Higgs boson itself. Due to the interrelated nature of the standard model’s constituents, understanding MWin full detail is of critical importance, especially if we intend to further understand the electroweak portion of the model. The standard model is a primarily predictive tool employed when undertaking experiments in particle physics. An advanced understanding of the subatomic physical world cannot be achieved without completion of the standard model. The goal of this project is to determine the Parton Distribution Function (PDF) uncertainty in the MWmeasurementat the D0 experiment. Using these PDFs and the W boson to electron-neutrino decay events generated by ResBos2, we study the primary causes of these uncertainties. We do this by using the detector fast simulation, Parametric Monte Carlo Simulation (PMCS). There are four distinct PDFs that we analyze: CTEQ6.62, CT10w, CT10, and CT10[12] where only the up and down quarks are considered. This analysis also helps us understand what additional measurements could be made to improve the PDF uncertainty.
The document discusses concepts related to the quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom. It provides answers to conceptual problems involving energy levels, quantum numbers, and properties of atomic orbitals. Key points include:
- As the principal quantum number n increases, the spacing between adjacent energy levels decreases.
- For n=4, the orbital quantum number l can take on values from 0 to 3.
- In sodium, the 3s state is at a lower energy than the 3p state due to penetration of the 3s orbital closer to the nucleus. In hydrogen, the 3s and 3p states have similar energies.
- The Ritz combination principle, where 1/λ1 + 1/λ2
This document summarizes a research project that involves building a toy model of particle collisions using C++ and ROOT. The model simulates collisions by sampling probability distributions measured in real collisions. It generates particles and assigns them properties like momentum and angle. It also models physical processes like jet production and elliptic flow. The goal is to study how properties of particles like jets are affected by a quark-gluon plasma and vice versa. The model allows tuning parameters to learn about collision interactions and switch physics processes on or off.
This document discusses using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations to model the electronic and optical properties of oligomers and polymers. The study finds that the pyridine-9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl-pyridine (Py-PFO-Py) monomer accurately describes the absorption spectrum of the PFO-BPy polymer within the accuracy of TDDFT. Modeling the smallest representative oligomer is computationally cheaper and allows modeling more complex polymer-nanotube hybrid systems.
35 Charged particle detection at GRAAL - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solid...Cristian Randieri PhD
Charged particle detection at GRAAL - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids, Taylor & Francis, May June 2009, Vol. 164, N. 5-6, pp. 357-362, ISSN:1042-0150, doi: 10.1080/10420150902811698
di F. Mammoliti, V. Bellini, A. Giusa, C. Randieri, G. Russo, M. L. Sperduto, M. C. Sutera, A. D’Angelo, R. Di Salvo, A. Fantini, D. Franco, D. Moricciani, C. Schaerf, V. Vegna, P. Levi Sandri, G. Mandaglio, G. Giardina (2009)
Abstract
Experimental results on proton and charged pion detection obtained from a study of the γ+n→p+π− reaction are reported in detail. Data have been collected using the tagged and linearly polarized photon beam, impinging on a deuterium target, and the large solid angle apparatus of the GRAAL facility in Grenoble (France). The energy of the charged particles was measured using a BGO calorimeter. A comparison of the experimental data with a GEANT3-based simulation is also presented.
This study investigated Z' and Z'' bosons in the Minimal Walking Technicolor model by combining theoretical predictions with experimental data from the CMS experiment. The authors calculated cross sections for Z' and Z'' production and decay in the di-lepton channel across a parameter space of MA and g-tilde, which define the mass scale and coupling of these new particles. Regions where theoretical cross sections exceeded experimental limits were excluded, providing the first combined exclusion limits for this WTC model and improving on previous parameter space constraints. A statistical analysis of potential Z' and Z'' resonance peaks further strengthened the excluded region.
Establishing the Equation of the Wave Function and the System Model (ρ, m, an...BRNSS Publication Hub
In this section, a relation which establishes universal parameters of the matter will give us a new model that I call them the model (ρ, m, and v) but, in this model, I will put relations between the parameters of the matter and the wave function and I’m going to explain that they are linking together the wave function plays the role of the wave function of matter and energy at the same time this gives us access to a new aspect that is a relationship of the wave function with mass and density makes it easier for us to exploit other relationships for the new model.
Laser Pulsing in Linear Compton ScatteringTodd Hodges
This document summarizes a method for calculating the energy spectrum of radiation produced in linear Compton scattering, accounting for the pulsed structure of the incident laser beam. The method involves performing a Lorentz transformation of the Klein-Nishina scattering cross section to calculate the emission from individual electrons in an electron beam, and then summing over all electrons to obtain the total energy spectrum. This approach allows for accurate modeling of effects of electron beam energy spread and emittance. The method is then applied to predict the photon spectrum from a proposed compact inverse Compton scattering x-ray source at Old Dominion University.
The document discusses the Compton effect, which describes the scattering of photons by charged particles like electrons. It provides the mathematical description using conservation of energy and momentum. The Compton effect leads to a shift in the wavelength of scattered photons. Practical applications of the Compton effect include Compton scatter densitometry to measure electron density, Compton scatter imaging for 3D electron density mapping, and Compton profile analysis to characterize materials.
COLLEGE
PHYSICS LAB REPORT
STUDENTS NAME
ANALYSIS OF A BUBBLE CHAMBER PICTURE
SUPERVISED BY:
19/05/2020
1. Introduction
A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics.
A convenient way to study the properties of the fundamental subatomic particles is through observation of their bubble trails, or tracks, in a bubble chamber. Using measurements made directly on a bubble chamber photograph, we can often identify the particles from their tracks and calculate their masses and other properties. In a typical experiment, a beam of a particular type of particle is sent from an accelerator into a bubble chamber, which is a large liquid-filled vessel. To simplify the analysis of the data, the liquid used is often hydrogen, the simplest element. The use of liquid hydrogen, while it simplifies the analysis, complicates the experiment itself, since hydrogen, a gas at room temperature, liquefies only when cooled to -246◦C. For charged particles to leave tracks in passing through the chamber, the liquid must be in a “super-heated” state, in which the slightest disturbance causes boiling to occur. In practice, this is accomplished by expanding the vapor above the liquid with a piston a few thousandths of a second before the particles enter the chamber.
2. Methods
2.1 Materials needed:
1. student worksheet per student
2. Ruler
3. Scissors
4. Glue stick
5. Pocket calculator
2.2 Procedures
2.2.1 Calculation of the X Particle’s Mass.
Make measurements on each of the photographs. In particular, for each of the circled events measure these four quantities:
· `Σ - The length of the Σ track,
· θ - the angle between the Σ− and π− track,
· s - the sagitta of the π− track,
· `π - The chord length of the π− track.
Your values for the event should be close to those given in the sample input. Run the program using each set of measurements, and tabulate the computed X0 mass from each event. Compute an average of the calculated masses and find the average deviation, expressing your result as Mx ±∆Mx.
Compare your final result with some known neutral particles listed below and identify the X0 particle based on this comparison.
Particlemass (in MeV/c2)
π0 135
K0 498
n 940
Λ0 1116
Σ0 1192
Ξ0 1315
2.2.2 Determination of the Angle θ.
The angle θ between the π− and Σ− momentum vectors can be determined by drawing tangents to the π− and Σ− tracks at the point of the Σ− decay.
We can then measure the angle between the tangents using a protractor. We can show.
COLLEGE
PHYSICS LAB REPORT
STUDENTS NAME
ANALYSIS OF A BUBBLE CHAMBER PICTURE
SUPERVISED BY:
19/05/2020
1. Introduction
A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics.
A convenient way to study the properties of the fundamental subatomic particles is through observation of their bubble trails, or tracks, in a bubble chamber. Using measurements made directly on a bubble chamber photograph, we can often identify the particles from their tracks and calculate their masses and other properties. In a typical experiment, a beam of a particular type of particle is sent from an accelerator into a bubble chamber, which is a large liquid-filled vessel. To simplify the analysis of the data, the liquid used is often hydrogen, the simplest element. The use of liquid hydrogen, while it simplifies the analysis, complicates the experiment itself, since hydrogen, a gas at room temperature, liquefies only when cooled to -246◦C. For charged particles to leave tracks in passing through the chamber, the liquid must be in a “super-heated” state, in which the slightest disturbance causes boiling to occur. In practice, this is accomplished by expanding the vapor above the liquid with a piston a few thousandths of a second before the particles enter the chamber.
2. Methods
2.1 Materials needed:
1. student worksheet per student
2. Ruler
3. Scissors
4. Glue stick
5. Pocket calculator
2.2 Procedures
2.2.1 Calculation of the X Particle’s Mass.
Make measurements on each of the photographs. In particular, for each of the circled events measure these four quantities:
· `Σ - The length of the Σ track,
· θ - the angle between the Σ− and π− track,
· s - the sagitta of the π− track,
· `π - The chord length of the π− track.
Your values for the event should be close to those given in the sample input. Run the program using each set of measurements, and tabulate the computed X0 mass from each event. Compute an average of the calculated masses and find the average deviation, expressing your result as Mx ±∆Mx.
Compare your final result with some known neutral particles listed below and identify the X0 particle based on this comparison.
Particlemass (in MeV/c2)
π0 135
K0 498
n 940
Λ0 1116
Σ0 1192
Ξ0 1315
2.2.2 Determination of the Angle θ.
The angle θ between the π− and Σ− momentum vectors can be determined by drawing tangents to the π− and Σ− tracks at the point of the Σ− decay.
We can then measure the angle between the tangents using a protractor. We can show.
COLLEGE
PHYSICS LAB REPORT
STUDENTS NAME
ANALYSIS OF A BUBBLE CHAMBER PICTURE
SUPERVISED BY:
19/05/2020
1. Introduction
A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics.
A convenient way to study the properties of the fundamental subatomic particles is through observation of their bubble trails, or tracks, in a bubble chamber. Using measurements made directly on a bubble chamber photograph, we can often identify the particles from their tracks and calculate their masses and other properties. In a typical experiment, a beam of a particular type of particle is sent from an accelerator into a bubble chamber, which is a large liquid-filled vessel. To simplify the analysis of the data, the liquid used is often hydrogen, the simplest element. The use of liquid hydrogen, while it simplifies the analysis, complicates the experiment itself, since hydrogen, a gas at room temperature, liquefies only when cooled to -246◦C. For charged particles to leave tracks in passing through the chamber, the liquid must be in a “super-heated” state, in which the slightest disturbance causes boiling to occur. In practice, this is accomplished by expanding the vapor above the liquid with a piston a few thousandths of a second before the particles enter the chamber.
2. Methods
2.1 Materials needed:
1. student worksheet per student
2. Ruler
3. Scissors
4. Glue stick
5. Pocket calculator
2.2 Procedures
2.2.1 Calculation of the X Particle’s Mass.
Make measurements on each of the photographs. In particular, for each of the circled events measure these four quantities:
· `Σ - The length of the Σ track,
· θ - the angle between the Σ− and π− track,
· s - the sagitta of the π− track,
· `π - The chord length of the π− track.
Your values for the event should be close to those given in the sample input. Run the program using each set of measurements, and tabulate the computed X0 mass from each event. Compute an average of the calculated masses and find the average deviation, expressing your result as Mx ±∆Mx.
Compare your final result with some known neutral particles listed below and identify the X0 particle based on this comparison.
Particlemass (in MeV/c2)
π0 135
K0 498
n 940
Λ0 1116
Σ0 1192
Ξ0 1315
2.2.2 Determination of the Angle θ.
The angle θ between the π− and Σ− momentum vectors can be determined by drawing tangents to the π− and Σ− tracks at the point of the Σ− decay.
We can then measure the angle between the tangents using a protractor. We can show.
This document provides solutions to 15 problems related to magnetic materials and magnetism. It begins by deriving expressions for how the angular frequency and radius of a classical electron orbit change with the application of a magnetic field using the Lorentz force. It then calculates magnetic moments and susceptibilities for various systems. Other problems cover topics like Lenz's law, diamagnetism, paramagnetism, Bohr orbits, susceptibility measurements, and predicting magnetic behaviors in different materials. Detailed step-by-step workings are shown for each problem.
The document summarizes an experiment to measure the average lifespan of muons using a muon detector. The detector measured the time between a muon entering and decaying using a scintillation light and timing circuit. The average lifespan was calculated from the decay rate determined by the software. However, the calculated average lifespan was only 10% of the accepted value, indicating an error occurred during the experiment or calculations.
Polarization bremsstrahlung on atoms, plasmas, nanostructures and solidsSpringer
This document discusses the quantum electrodynamics approach to describing bremsstrahlung, or braking radiation, of a fast charged particle colliding with an atom. It derives expressions for the amplitude of bremsstrahlung on a one-electron atom within the first Born approximation. The amplitude has static and polarization terms. The static term corresponds to radiation from the incident particle in the nuclear field, reproducing previous results. The polarization term accounts for radiation from the atomic electron and contains resonant denominators corresponding to intermediate atomic states. The full treatment allows various limits to be taken, such as removing the nucleus or atomic electron, reproducing known results from quantum electrodynamics.
This document provides an overview of quantum theory and atomic structure. It discusses key topics such as the wave-particle duality of light and matter, Planck's quantization of energy, atomic spectra, Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, quantum numbers, atomic orbitals, and the Schrödinger equation. Figures and sample problems illustrate these concepts and how to determine quantum numbers and name atomic sublevels.
Classical mechanics analysis of the atomic wave and particulate formstheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
11 - 3
Experiment 11
Simple Harmonic Motion
Questions
How are swinging pendulums and masses on springs related? Why are these types of
problems so important in Physics? What is a spring’s force constant and how can you measure
it? What is linear regression? How do you use graphs to ascertain physical meaning from
equations? Again, how do you compare two numbers, which have errors?
Note: This week all students must write a very brief lab report during the lab period. It is
due at the end of the period. The explanation of the equations used, the introduction and the
conclusion are not necessary this week. The discussion section can be as little as three sentences
commenting on whether the two measurements of the spring constant are equivalent given the
propagated errors. This mini-lab report will be graded out of 50 points
Concept
When an object (of mass m) is suspended from the end of a spring, the spring will stretch
a distance x and the mass will come to equilibrium when the tension F in the spring balances the
weight of the body, when F = - kx = mg. This is known as Hooke's Law. k is the force constant
of the spring, and its units are Newtons / meter. This is the basis for Part 1.
In Part 2 the object hanging from the spring is allowed to oscillate after being displaced
down from its equilibrium position a distance -x. In this situation, Newton's Second Law gives
for the acceleration of the mass:
Fnet = m a or
The force of gravity can be omitted from this analysis because it only serves to move the
equilibrium position and doesn’t affect the oscillations. Acceleration is the second time-
derivative of x, so this last equation is a differential equation.
To solve: we make an educated guess:
Here A and w are constants yet to be determined. At t = 0 this solution gives x(t=0) = A,
which indicates that A is the initial distance the spring stretches before it oscillates. If friction is
negligible, the mass will continue to oscillate with amplitude A. Now, does this guess actually
solve the (differential) equation? A second time-derivative gives:
Comparing this equation to the original differential equation, the correct solution was
chosen if w2 = k / m. To understand w, consider the first derivative of the solution:
−kx = ma
a = −
k
m
⎛
⎝
⎜⎜⎜⎜
⎞
⎠
⎟⎟⎟⎟
x
d 2x
dt 2
= −
k
m
x x(t) = A cos(ωt)
d 2x(t)
dt 2
= −Aω2 cos(ωt) = −ω2x(t)
James Gering
Florida Institute of Technology
11 - 4
Integrating gives
We assume the object completes one oscillation in a certain period of time, T. This helps
set the limits of integration. Initially, we pull the object a distance A from equilibrium and
release it. So at t = 0 and x = A. (one.
DFT vibrationally averaged isotopic dipole moments of propane, propyne and wa...Antônio Arapiraca
Post Born–Oppenheimer isotopic effects and zero-point vibrational averages were previously inbodied in calculations of the dipole moments of isotopic species of some apolar molecules within the HF-SCF approximation (Arapiraca, 2011) [27]. Many other molecules, however, demand the inclusion of electronic correlation for this goal. Here, DFT calculations are reported for the isotopic effects on dipole moments of molecules with increasing permanent dipole moments, namely propane ( 0.1 debye), propyne (0.7 debye) and water (1.9 debye). The results account well for the experimental values and isotopic trends of the dipole moments of these molecules. 2014 Elsevier
Excitons, lifetime and Drude tail within the current~current response framew...Claudio Attaccalite
We compare the optical absorption of extended systems calculated starting from the density-density and current-current linear response formalisms within the equilibrium many-body perturbation theory(MBPT). We show how, using the latter, one can incur in errors due to quasiparticle lifetimes, electron-hole interaction or the presence of a Drude tail. We present a solution for each one of these problems.
This document is an internship report submitted by Yiteng Dang to the École Normale Supérieure on applying mean-field theory to study charge density waves in rare-earth nickelates. Chapter 1 provides theoretical background, discussing concepts like density of states calculations, the nearly free electron model, mean-field theory applied to ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism, and Green's functions. Chapter 2 focuses on nickelates, introducing a low-energy two-orbital Hamiltonian and applying mean-field theory to obtain results like a phase diagram at half-filling and quarter-filling. Numerical methods are used throughout to solve problems in condensed matter theory.
Poster of my master\'s research presented at the Physics@FOM conference at Veldhoven on 20 januari 2010. There\'s one error in the equations, can you find it?
A revised upper_limit_to_energy_extraction_from_a_kerr_black_holeSérgio Sacani
Uma nova simulação computacional feita pela NASA mostra que as partículas da matéria escura colidindo na extrema gravidade de um buraco negro pode produzir uma luz de raios-gamma forte e potencialmente observável. Detectando essa emissão forneceria aos astrônomos com uma nova ferramenta para entender tanto os buracos negros como a natureza da matéria escura, uma elusiva substância responsável pela maior parte da massa do universo que nem reflete, absorve ou emite luz.
Calculando o tensor de condutividade em materiais topológicosVtonetto
This document describes a new efficient numerical method to calculate the longitudinal and transverse conductivity tensors in solids using the Kubo-Bastin formula. The method expands Green's functions in terms of Chebyshev polynomials, allowing both diagonal and off-diagonal conductivities to be computed for large systems in a single step at any temperature or chemical potential. The method is applied to calculate the conductivity tensor for the quantum Hall effect in disordered graphene and a Chern insulator in Haldane's model on a honeycomb lattice.
This document discusses Bose-Einstein condensation controlled by a combination of trapping potentials, including a harmonic oscillator potential (HOP) along the x-axis and an optical lattice potential (OLP) along the y-axis. It analyzes how parameters in the HOP and OLP, such as the anisotropy parameter and q parameter, affect properties of the trapping potential, initial and final wave functions, and chemical potential. The study uses the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and Crank-Nicolson numerical method to solve for the wave function under different trapping conditions. Results show relationships between the chemical potential and the HOP anisotropy/OLP q parameter, as well as the distribution of
. According to your textbook, Contrary to a popular misconception.docxmadlynplamondon
According to a cross-cultural study of 186 societies, attitudes toward homosexuality vary significantly across cultures. Only 31% of societies studied stigmatized homosexual behavior, while 38% viewed it as a normal developmental phase for youth and 18% accepted committed same-sex relationships as an alternative form of marriage. The historical stigmatization of homosexuality in America is a product of enculturation rather than universal moral values.
-How did artwork produced in America from 1945 to 1960 compare to ar.docxmadlynplamondon
Post-World War II American art differed from European art by embracing abstract expressionism through artists like Jackson Pollock and his drip paintings, while European art focused more on figurative styles. Pollock's painting Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist) used dripped and splattered oil paint on canvas in 1950, as did Willem de Kooning's Woman I in 1952, showing the abstract expressionist movement in America. European art of the time included Alberto Giacometti's figurative sculpture Woman of Venice II from 1956.
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COLLEGE
PHYSICS LAB REPORT
STUDENTS NAME
ANALYSIS OF A BUBBLE CHAMBER PICTURE
SUPERVISED BY:
19/05/2020
1. Introduction
A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics.
A convenient way to study the properties of the fundamental subatomic particles is through observation of their bubble trails, or tracks, in a bubble chamber. Using measurements made directly on a bubble chamber photograph, we can often identify the particles from their tracks and calculate their masses and other properties. In a typical experiment, a beam of a particular type of particle is sent from an accelerator into a bubble chamber, which is a large liquid-filled vessel. To simplify the analysis of the data, the liquid used is often hydrogen, the simplest element. The use of liquid hydrogen, while it simplifies the analysis, complicates the experiment itself, since hydrogen, a gas at room temperature, liquefies only when cooled to -246◦C. For charged particles to leave tracks in passing through the chamber, the liquid must be in a “super-heated” state, in which the slightest disturbance causes boiling to occur. In practice, this is accomplished by expanding the vapor above the liquid with a piston a few thousandths of a second before the particles enter the chamber.
2. Methods
2.1 Materials needed:
1. student worksheet per student
2. Ruler
3. Scissors
4. Glue stick
5. Pocket calculator
2.2 Procedures
2.2.1 Calculation of the X Particle’s Mass.
Make measurements on each of the photographs. In particular, for each of the circled events measure these four quantities:
· `Σ - The length of the Σ track,
· θ - the angle between the Σ− and π− track,
· s - the sagitta of the π− track,
· `π - The chord length of the π− track.
Your values for the event should be close to those given in the sample input. Run the program using each set of measurements, and tabulate the computed X0 mass from each event. Compute an average of the calculated masses and find the average deviation, expressing your result as Mx ±∆Mx.
Compare your final result with some known neutral particles listed below and identify the X0 particle based on this comparison.
Particlemass (in MeV/c2)
π0 135
K0 498
n 940
Λ0 1116
Σ0 1192
Ξ0 1315
2.2.2 Determination of the Angle θ.
The angle θ between the π− and Σ− momentum vectors can be determined by drawing tangents to the π− and Σ− tracks at the point of the Σ− decay.
We can then measure the angle between the tangents using a protractor. We can show.
COLLEGE
PHYSICS LAB REPORT
STUDENTS NAME
ANALYSIS OF A BUBBLE CHAMBER PICTURE
SUPERVISED BY:
19/05/2020
1. Introduction
A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics.
A convenient way to study the properties of the fundamental subatomic particles is through observation of their bubble trails, or tracks, in a bubble chamber. Using measurements made directly on a bubble chamber photograph, we can often identify the particles from their tracks and calculate their masses and other properties. In a typical experiment, a beam of a particular type of particle is sent from an accelerator into a bubble chamber, which is a large liquid-filled vessel. To simplify the analysis of the data, the liquid used is often hydrogen, the simplest element. The use of liquid hydrogen, while it simplifies the analysis, complicates the experiment itself, since hydrogen, a gas at room temperature, liquefies only when cooled to -246◦C. For charged particles to leave tracks in passing through the chamber, the liquid must be in a “super-heated” state, in which the slightest disturbance causes boiling to occur. In practice, this is accomplished by expanding the vapor above the liquid with a piston a few thousandths of a second before the particles enter the chamber.
2. Methods
2.1 Materials needed:
1. student worksheet per student
2. Ruler
3. Scissors
4. Glue stick
5. Pocket calculator
2.2 Procedures
2.2.1 Calculation of the X Particle’s Mass.
Make measurements on each of the photographs. In particular, for each of the circled events measure these four quantities:
· `Σ - The length of the Σ track,
· θ - the angle between the Σ− and π− track,
· s - the sagitta of the π− track,
· `π - The chord length of the π− track.
Your values for the event should be close to those given in the sample input. Run the program using each set of measurements, and tabulate the computed X0 mass from each event. Compute an average of the calculated masses and find the average deviation, expressing your result as Mx ±∆Mx.
Compare your final result with some known neutral particles listed below and identify the X0 particle based on this comparison.
Particlemass (in MeV/c2)
π0 135
K0 498
n 940
Λ0 1116
Σ0 1192
Ξ0 1315
2.2.2 Determination of the Angle θ.
The angle θ between the π− and Σ− momentum vectors can be determined by drawing tangents to the π− and Σ− tracks at the point of the Σ− decay.
We can then measure the angle between the tangents using a protractor. We can show.
COLLEGE
PHYSICS LAB REPORT
STUDENTS NAME
ANALYSIS OF A BUBBLE CHAMBER PICTURE
SUPERVISED BY:
19/05/2020
1. Introduction
A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics.
A convenient way to study the properties of the fundamental subatomic particles is through observation of their bubble trails, or tracks, in a bubble chamber. Using measurements made directly on a bubble chamber photograph, we can often identify the particles from their tracks and calculate their masses and other properties. In a typical experiment, a beam of a particular type of particle is sent from an accelerator into a bubble chamber, which is a large liquid-filled vessel. To simplify the analysis of the data, the liquid used is often hydrogen, the simplest element. The use of liquid hydrogen, while it simplifies the analysis, complicates the experiment itself, since hydrogen, a gas at room temperature, liquefies only when cooled to -246◦C. For charged particles to leave tracks in passing through the chamber, the liquid must be in a “super-heated” state, in which the slightest disturbance causes boiling to occur. In practice, this is accomplished by expanding the vapor above the liquid with a piston a few thousandths of a second before the particles enter the chamber.
2. Methods
2.1 Materials needed:
1. student worksheet per student
2. Ruler
3. Scissors
4. Glue stick
5. Pocket calculator
2.2 Procedures
2.2.1 Calculation of the X Particle’s Mass.
Make measurements on each of the photographs. In particular, for each of the circled events measure these four quantities:
· `Σ - The length of the Σ track,
· θ - the angle between the Σ− and π− track,
· s - the sagitta of the π− track,
· `π - The chord length of the π− track.
Your values for the event should be close to those given in the sample input. Run the program using each set of measurements, and tabulate the computed X0 mass from each event. Compute an average of the calculated masses and find the average deviation, expressing your result as Mx ±∆Mx.
Compare your final result with some known neutral particles listed below and identify the X0 particle based on this comparison.
Particlemass (in MeV/c2)
π0 135
K0 498
n 940
Λ0 1116
Σ0 1192
Ξ0 1315
2.2.2 Determination of the Angle θ.
The angle θ between the π− and Σ− momentum vectors can be determined by drawing tangents to the π− and Σ− tracks at the point of the Σ− decay.
We can then measure the angle between the tangents using a protractor. We can show.
This document provides solutions to 15 problems related to magnetic materials and magnetism. It begins by deriving expressions for how the angular frequency and radius of a classical electron orbit change with the application of a magnetic field using the Lorentz force. It then calculates magnetic moments and susceptibilities for various systems. Other problems cover topics like Lenz's law, diamagnetism, paramagnetism, Bohr orbits, susceptibility measurements, and predicting magnetic behaviors in different materials. Detailed step-by-step workings are shown for each problem.
The document summarizes an experiment to measure the average lifespan of muons using a muon detector. The detector measured the time between a muon entering and decaying using a scintillation light and timing circuit. The average lifespan was calculated from the decay rate determined by the software. However, the calculated average lifespan was only 10% of the accepted value, indicating an error occurred during the experiment or calculations.
Polarization bremsstrahlung on atoms, plasmas, nanostructures and solidsSpringer
This document discusses the quantum electrodynamics approach to describing bremsstrahlung, or braking radiation, of a fast charged particle colliding with an atom. It derives expressions for the amplitude of bremsstrahlung on a one-electron atom within the first Born approximation. The amplitude has static and polarization terms. The static term corresponds to radiation from the incident particle in the nuclear field, reproducing previous results. The polarization term accounts for radiation from the atomic electron and contains resonant denominators corresponding to intermediate atomic states. The full treatment allows various limits to be taken, such as removing the nucleus or atomic electron, reproducing known results from quantum electrodynamics.
This document provides an overview of quantum theory and atomic structure. It discusses key topics such as the wave-particle duality of light and matter, Planck's quantization of energy, atomic spectra, Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, quantum numbers, atomic orbitals, and the Schrödinger equation. Figures and sample problems illustrate these concepts and how to determine quantum numbers and name atomic sublevels.
Classical mechanics analysis of the atomic wave and particulate formstheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
11 - 3
Experiment 11
Simple Harmonic Motion
Questions
How are swinging pendulums and masses on springs related? Why are these types of
problems so important in Physics? What is a spring’s force constant and how can you measure
it? What is linear regression? How do you use graphs to ascertain physical meaning from
equations? Again, how do you compare two numbers, which have errors?
Note: This week all students must write a very brief lab report during the lab period. It is
due at the end of the period. The explanation of the equations used, the introduction and the
conclusion are not necessary this week. The discussion section can be as little as three sentences
commenting on whether the two measurements of the spring constant are equivalent given the
propagated errors. This mini-lab report will be graded out of 50 points
Concept
When an object (of mass m) is suspended from the end of a spring, the spring will stretch
a distance x and the mass will come to equilibrium when the tension F in the spring balances the
weight of the body, when F = - kx = mg. This is known as Hooke's Law. k is the force constant
of the spring, and its units are Newtons / meter. This is the basis for Part 1.
In Part 2 the object hanging from the spring is allowed to oscillate after being displaced
down from its equilibrium position a distance -x. In this situation, Newton's Second Law gives
for the acceleration of the mass:
Fnet = m a or
The force of gravity can be omitted from this analysis because it only serves to move the
equilibrium position and doesn’t affect the oscillations. Acceleration is the second time-
derivative of x, so this last equation is a differential equation.
To solve: we make an educated guess:
Here A and w are constants yet to be determined. At t = 0 this solution gives x(t=0) = A,
which indicates that A is the initial distance the spring stretches before it oscillates. If friction is
negligible, the mass will continue to oscillate with amplitude A. Now, does this guess actually
solve the (differential) equation? A second time-derivative gives:
Comparing this equation to the original differential equation, the correct solution was
chosen if w2 = k / m. To understand w, consider the first derivative of the solution:
−kx = ma
a = −
k
m
⎛
⎝
⎜⎜⎜⎜
⎞
⎠
⎟⎟⎟⎟
x
d 2x
dt 2
= −
k
m
x x(t) = A cos(ωt)
d 2x(t)
dt 2
= −Aω2 cos(ωt) = −ω2x(t)
James Gering
Florida Institute of Technology
11 - 4
Integrating gives
We assume the object completes one oscillation in a certain period of time, T. This helps
set the limits of integration. Initially, we pull the object a distance A from equilibrium and
release it. So at t = 0 and x = A. (one.
DFT vibrationally averaged isotopic dipole moments of propane, propyne and wa...Antônio Arapiraca
Post Born–Oppenheimer isotopic effects and zero-point vibrational averages were previously inbodied in calculations of the dipole moments of isotopic species of some apolar molecules within the HF-SCF approximation (Arapiraca, 2011) [27]. Many other molecules, however, demand the inclusion of electronic correlation for this goal. Here, DFT calculations are reported for the isotopic effects on dipole moments of molecules with increasing permanent dipole moments, namely propane ( 0.1 debye), propyne (0.7 debye) and water (1.9 debye). The results account well for the experimental values and isotopic trends of the dipole moments of these molecules. 2014 Elsevier
Excitons, lifetime and Drude tail within the current~current response framew...Claudio Attaccalite
We compare the optical absorption of extended systems calculated starting from the density-density and current-current linear response formalisms within the equilibrium many-body perturbation theory(MBPT). We show how, using the latter, one can incur in errors due to quasiparticle lifetimes, electron-hole interaction or the presence of a Drude tail. We present a solution for each one of these problems.
This document is an internship report submitted by Yiteng Dang to the École Normale Supérieure on applying mean-field theory to study charge density waves in rare-earth nickelates. Chapter 1 provides theoretical background, discussing concepts like density of states calculations, the nearly free electron model, mean-field theory applied to ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism, and Green's functions. Chapter 2 focuses on nickelates, introducing a low-energy two-orbital Hamiltonian and applying mean-field theory to obtain results like a phase diagram at half-filling and quarter-filling. Numerical methods are used throughout to solve problems in condensed matter theory.
Poster of my master\'s research presented at the Physics@FOM conference at Veldhoven on 20 januari 2010. There\'s one error in the equations, can you find it?
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Uma nova simulação computacional feita pela NASA mostra que as partículas da matéria escura colidindo na extrema gravidade de um buraco negro pode produzir uma luz de raios-gamma forte e potencialmente observável. Detectando essa emissão forneceria aos astrônomos com uma nova ferramenta para entender tanto os buracos negros como a natureza da matéria escura, uma elusiva substância responsável pela maior parte da massa do universo que nem reflete, absorve ou emite luz.
Calculando o tensor de condutividade em materiais topológicosVtonetto
This document describes a new efficient numerical method to calculate the longitudinal and transverse conductivity tensors in solids using the Kubo-Bastin formula. The method expands Green's functions in terms of Chebyshev polynomials, allowing both diagonal and off-diagonal conductivities to be computed for large systems in a single step at any temperature or chemical potential. The method is applied to calculate the conductivity tensor for the quantum Hall effect in disordered graphene and a Chern insulator in Haldane's model on a honeycomb lattice.
This document discusses Bose-Einstein condensation controlled by a combination of trapping potentials, including a harmonic oscillator potential (HOP) along the x-axis and an optical lattice potential (OLP) along the y-axis. It analyzes how parameters in the HOP and OLP, such as the anisotropy parameter and q parameter, affect properties of the trapping potential, initial and final wave functions, and chemical potential. The study uses the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and Crank-Nicolson numerical method to solve for the wave function under different trapping conditions. Results show relationships between the chemical potential and the HOP anisotropy/OLP q parameter, as well as the distribution of
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After an individual is arrested, I will obtain fingerprints and photographs of the subject and complete a number of forms that are used to start a criminal file on the subject. I will use the Buccal Collection DNA test kit provided by the FBI on my subject. Once completed properly and submitted to the FBI, the kit will be sent to the Federal DNA Database Unit (FDDU). The FDDU will take the DNA test kit and upload it into NDIS creating a DNA profile for my subject. The subject’s DNA profile will be searched against unknown forensic profiles from crime scenes across the country. If my subject’s DNA matches with another crime from another state he can be charged for that crimes as well. In my opinion this is the most important service the FBI has. This allows all agencies to communicate and share information based off of DNA evidence. The flaw is that they need the criminal to be apprehended and processed in order for the DNA to be in the system.
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make a decision between these alternatives and defend your decision.)
.
-Learning objectives for presentation-Brief background o.docxmadlynplamondon
Madeleine Leininger developed the transcultural nursing theory to address the need for culturally competent care (Leininger, 2002). Her theory focuses on how culture impacts health, wellness, and nursing care. It emphasizes understanding a patient's cultural values, beliefs and practices to provide sensitive and respectful care.
-You will need to play a phone game Angry Birds (any version) to mak.docxmadlynplamondon
-You will need to play a phone game Angry Birds (any version) to make observation.
-Make an observation on how you must launch the birds in order to knock over the items.
-Pay attention to how the path of the birds (the projectiles) changes as you change the launch angle and how far back you pull the birds at launch.
-You will also need to complete the calculations in assignment.
Assignment file below...
.
. EDU 571 Week 5 Discussion 1 -
"Data Collection" Please respond to the following:
· Using your planned evaluation project, assume that the client paying for the evaluation has requested that you primarily use audio/visual interview and observation techniques. The client envisions using clips in the evaluation report and in marketing campaigns. Discuss the appropriateness, advantages, and disadvantages of using digital capabilities to capture sound, video, and photographs of the interviewees, focus groups, and observations. Provide reasons for opposing or supporting the request (partially or completely).
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·
EDU 571 Week 5 Discussion 2 -
"Benefits of Meta-Evaluation" Please respond to the following:
· Your client told you that a meta-evaluation should not be included in the plan or budget. Explain two (2) reasons for including a meta-evaluation in the evaluation plan. Recommend two (2) ways to reduce the costs.
Total Reviews(0)
EDU 571 Week 3 Target of Program Evaluation Plan, Part 1 -
Target of Program Evaluation Plan, Part 1
Assignment 1 is the first part of a five-part project to plan the various elements of a program evaluation for education. Select a program target from your school district, workplace, (e.g., business training program) or your university (where you are a student). For you to gain the most from the assignment, you should select a program that you are interested in, would like to see evaluated, and are able to obtain information about. (Possible programs include: student assessment, teacher assessment, pay for student achievement, new teacher or employee training, online classrooms, anti-bullying, gender equity for girls in math and science, school to work, retention of at-risk students, and schools of choice (charter schools), etc.). As you develop the entire plan, gather information, and receive feedback from your professor (or others), you should revise and refine each part of the project. Think of your professor as your project evaluator and supervisor who will help guide you so that you produce an outstanding, well-developed evaluation plan for the stakeholders.
Write a 1000 words paper in which you:
1. Describe three (3) elements of a worthy object for program evaluation - its type, the department administrating it, and target population.
2. Describe the program's history, primary purpose(s), and / or expected outcomes.
3. Explain three (3) reasons for selecting the program (e.g., program's value or lack of it, issues surrounding it, age, relevance, cost, impact on students, etc.).
4. Discuss three (3) advantages of evaluating the program at this time.
5. Discuss two (2) major constraints in conducting an evaluation on this program and a method of addressing them.
6. Use at least three (3) peer-reviewed academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and many Websites do not qualify as academic resources. Peer-reviewed academic resources refer to articles and scholarly journals that are reviewe.
. What were the causes of World War II Explain how and why the Unit.docxmadlynplamondon
. What were the causes of World War II? Explain how and why the United States got involved in the war. Discuss the U.S. home front. How did women and minorities respond to the war? Explain the war in North Africa and Europe. Discuss the Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944. What was Adolf Hitler’s “final solution,” and what were the consequences of the Holocaust? How did the Allies end the war in Europe? Discuss the war in the Pacific. What proved to be an effective U.S. strategy in the Pacific? Analyze Harry Truman’s controversial decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan. What were the consequences of World War II?
.
. Complete the prewriting for the progress reportPrewriting p.docxmadlynplamondon
. Complete the prewriting for the progress report:
Prewriting prepares you to write and helps you organize your ideas.
You may print the lesson and jot notes for yourself on the paper, or you may write notes on your own.
You do not have to submit prewriting for any points, but don't skip this important step!
2. Complete a draft of the progress report:
Remember to use the memo format style in typing this progress report.
This report should be two or more pages when you are completed.
The draft will be much shorter than your final report.
Follow a logical structure: introduction, what is finished, what is underway, what is left to do, and a conclusion.
Use specifics such as dates, proper names, numbers, costs, etc.
Include one or more visuals may such as pictures, graphs, charts, tables, etc.
.
-in Filomena by Roberta Fernandez the author refers to the Mexican r.docxmadlynplamondon
-in Filomena by Roberta Fernandez the author refers to the Mexican rituals for the day of the dead how is this celebration portrayed in the story?
-in "La doctora Barr" how does Mary Helen Ponce describe the traditional way Mexican-American women prepared for a childbirth in their community?
-how does Nilda feel about Sophies's presence in her home?
-how is bilingualism used in the story "Filomena"? Support your opinions with examples from the story
-describe the incident with the vanilla ice cream . Why was it so upsetting for Nilda?
.
-Write about a violent religious event in history.(Ex. Muslim ex.docxmadlynplamondon
-Write about a violent religious event in history.
(Ex. Muslim extremist acts in history, or the Christian crusades, etc.)
-Write about belief/reasoning/justification those certain people believe their actions have and affects of...
-(Identity)They're view of the world and themselves. Is it rationale or is it a problem. Why?
5-pages minimum
4-scholarly sources min. 2 of 4 book sources Need Dec. 2nd by 9pm.
.
-This project is an opportunity to demonstrate the ability to analyz.docxmadlynplamondon
-This project is an opportunity to demonstrate the ability to analyze and write about music with clarity and purpose. Assume the role of a reviewer/critic who is applying for a job writing a music column for a progressive weblog catering to readers who on average have at least a bachelor's degree and are concerned with issues of justice and equality
-The CD reviewed is one that will allow reflection about how music can provide people the opportunity to imagine the lives and experiences of others different from oneself. Questions to guide reflection while listening should include:
1. Who are the peoples performing the music or who is the music about?
2.What type of life is presented through the music's lyrics and musical sound?
3.What themes or issues are presented by the music?
4. How do the various musical selections relate to each other?
5.What can be learned about people by listening to this CD?
6.Why should other people listen to this music?
-A list of CDs is available for this assignment. CDs may be downloaded for a fee from a preferred site.
-The review will need to include:
1.CD title, artist, genre, release date, etc
2.Background information about the artist or artists for those who may not be familiar.
-The review should be between 800 and 1000 words.
-Conventions of good writing (e.g., correct grammar, spelling, appropriate use of quotations, unctuation) should be observed throughout this project. Moreover, it is important to consider the audience and write in a style that is appropriate. Quotations or information from a primary or secondary source should be cited correctly using APA, Turabian, or MLA.
.
-7 Three men are trapped in a cave with no hope of rescue and no foo.docxmadlynplamondon
Judge A belongs to the legal positivist school of thought. He bases his decision solely on statutory law and case precedents interpreting the law, without considering other factors.
Judge B belongs to the natural law school of thought. He believes the laws of nature apply in extraordinary situations where people are cut off from civilization, rather than man-made laws.
Judge C belongs to the sociological jurisprudence school of thought. She bases her decision on a scientific survey of the community's beliefs, rather than just statutory law or precedent.
-1. Are the three main elements of compensation systems—internal.docxmadlynplamondon
-1.
Are the three main elements of compensation systems—internal consistency, market competitiveness, and recognizing employee contributions—equally important, or do you believe that they differ in importance? If different, which do you believe is most important? Least important? Give your rationale.
use 1 online reference and
Martocchio, J. (2017). Strategic Compensation: A human resource management approach (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
.
- What are the key differences between national health service (.docxmadlynplamondon
- What are the key differences between national health service (NHS) and national health insurance (NHI) systems?
- How do NHI and NHS systems compare with the health care system in the United States?
- How do most countries with similar levels per capita income differ from and resemble the United States with respect to provider payments, coordination of care, workforce and information technology, and health system performance?
Cite at least 2 peer reviewed journal/article. Write in APA format
.
--Describe and analyze the ways in which Alfons Heck’s participation.docxmadlynplamondon
Alfons Heck participated in the Hitler Youth and Nazi culture as a child, which helped shape his sense of purpose and identity. In his memoir "A Child of Hitler", written many decades later, Heck reflects on his experiences and how the acts of writing and reflection allowed him to craft a new identity in the present. Students are asked to analyze how Heck's participation in the Hitler Youth influenced his identity, and how writing his memoir also impacted his identity later in life, in a 2-4 page paper with citations.
------ Watch an online speechpresentation of 20 minutes or lo.docxmadlynplamondon
------
Watch an online speech/presentation of 20 minutes or longer.
( please cite the presentation you would use)
Write a speech analysis essay of
2-3 pages
I: List the speaker, date, location, & topic, and describe the audience. Describe each of these elements and analyze the effect that each of these elements had on the speaker and/or speech.
II: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of each part of the speaker's introduction (attention getter, revelation of topic, statement of credibility, statement of central idea, preview of main points).
III: Summarize each of the speaker's main points. What pattern of organization did the speaker utilize? Was this effective? Why or why not?
IV: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the evidence/supporting material that the speaker used.
V: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the speaker's language.
VI: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the speaker's delivery.
VII: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of each part of the speaker's conclusion.
.
) Florida National UniversityNursing DepartmentBSN.docxmadlynplamondon
)
Florida National University
Nursing Department
BSN Program
NUR 4636-Community Health Nursing
Prof. Eddie Cruz, RN MSN
Please choose one infectious disease or communicable disease and present a 1,000 words essay including the follow;
Name of the disease including agents that cause Infectious/Communicable Disease, the mode of contamination or how it is spread.
The modes of prevention applying the three levels of prevention with at least one example of each one.
Prevalence and control of the condition according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) including morbidity and mortality.
Implications of the disease in the community and the role of the community health nurse in the control and prevention of the disease.
The essay must be presented in a Word Document, APA format, Arial 12 font attached to the forum in the tab of the Discussion Question title “Infections/Communicable disease essay” and in the assignment tab under the exercise title “SafeAssign infectious/communicable disease”. A minimum of 3 references no older than 5 years must be used. If you use any reference from any website make sure they are reliable sites such as CDC, NIH, Institute of Medicine, etc.
There is a rubric attached to the assignment for your guidance.
Below please see the definitions of infectious disease and communicable disease. They are similar but differ in some characteristics.
Infectious diseases
are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Many organisms live in and on our bodies. They're normally harmless or even helpful. But under certain conditions, some organisms may cause
disease
. Some
infectious diseases
can be passed from person to person.
Communicable
, or infectious
diseases
, are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Some are transmitted through bites from insects while others are caused by ingesting contaminated food or water.
.
- Please answer question 2 at the end of the case.- cita.docxmadlynplamondon
- Please answer
question 2
at the end of the case.
- citations and references in
IEEE
style
( at least two)
- your answer should be in regards to the case
+
regarding the question itself.
Do it twice ( two different copies)
.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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1PHY 4822L (Advanced Laboratory) Analysis of a bu.docx
1. 1
PHY 4822L (Advanced Laboratory):
Analysis of a bubble chamber picture
Introduction
In this experiment you will study a reaction between
“elementary particles” by analyzing their
tracks in a bubble chamber. Such particles are everywhere
around us [1,2]. Apart from the standard
matter particles proton, neutron and electron, hundreds of other
particles have been found [3,4],
produced in cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere or by
accelerators. Hundreds of charged
particles traverse our bodies per second, and some will damage
our DNA, one of the reasons for the
necessity of a sophisticated DNA repair mechanism in the cell.
2
Figure 1: Photograph of the interaction between a high-energy
π--meson from the Berkeley
Bevatron accelerator and a proton in a liquid hydrogen bubble
chamber, which produces two neutral
2. short-lived particles Λ0 and K0 which decay into charged
particles a bit further.
Figure 2: illustration of the interaction, and identification of
bubble trails and variables to be
measured in the photograph in Figures 3 and 4.
The data for this experiment is in the form of a bubble chamber
photograph which shows bubble
tracks made by elementary particles as they traverse liquid
hydrogen. In the experiment under
study, a beam of low-energy negative pions (π- beam) hits a
hydrogen target in a bubble chamber.
A bubble chamber [5] is essentially a container with a liquid
kept just below its boiling point (T=20
K for hydrogen). A piston allows expanding the inside volume,
thus lowering the pressure inside
the bubblechamber. When the beam particles enter the
detector a piston slightly decompresses the
liquid so it becomes "super-critical'' and starts boiling, and
bubbles form, first at the ionization
trails left by the charged particles traversing the liquid.
The reaction shown in Figure 1 shows the production of a pair
of neutral particles (that do not leave
a ionized trail in their wake), which after a short while decay
into pairs of charged particles:
π - + p → Λo + Ko,
3. 3
where the neutral particles Λo and Ko decay as follows:
Λo → p + π-, Ko → π+ + π-.
In this experiment, we assume the masses of the proton (mp =
938.3 MeV/c2) and the pions (mπ+ =
mπ- = 139.4 MeV/c2) to be known precisely, and we will
determine the masses of the Λ0 and the K0,
also in these mass energy units.
Momentum measurement
In order to “reconstruct” the interaction completely, one uses
the conservation laws of (relativistic)
momentum and energy, plus the knowledge of the initial pion
beam parameters (mass and
momentum). In order to measure momenta of the produced
charged particles, the bubble chamber is
located inside a magnet that bends the charged particles in
helical paths. The 1.5 T magnetic field is
directed up out of the photograph. The momentum p of each
particle is directly proportional to the
radius of curvature R, which in turn can be calculated from a
measurement of the “chord length” L
and sagitta s as:
r = [L2/(8s)] + [s/2] ,
Note that the above is strictly true only if all momenta are
perfectly in the plane of the photograph;
4. in actual experiments stereo photographs of the interaction are
taken so that a reconstruction in all
three dimensions can be done. The interaction in this
photograph was specially selected for its
planarity.
In the reproduced photograph the actual radius of curvature R of
the track in the bubble chamber is
multiplied by the magnification factor g, r = gR. For the
reproduction in Figure 3, g = height of
photograph (in mm) divided by 173 mm.
The momentum p of the particles is proportional to their radius
of curvature R in the chamber. To
derive this relationship for relativistic particles we begin with
Newton's law in the form:
F = dp/dt = e v×B (Lorentz force).
Here the momentum (p) is the relativistic momentum m v γ,
where the relativistic γ-factor is defined
in the usual way
γ = [√(1- v 2/c2)]-1.
Thus, because the speed v is constant:
F = dp/dt = d(mvγ)/dt = mγ dv/dt = mγ (v2/R)(-r) = e v B (-r) ,
where r is the unit vector in the radial direction. Division by v
on both sides of the last equality
finally yields:
mγv /R = p /R = e B ,
5. identical to the non-relativistic result! In “particle physics
units” we find:
p c (in eV) = c R B , (1)
4
thus p (in MeV/c) = 2.998•108 R B •10-6 = 300 R (in m) B
(in T)
Measurement of angles
Draw straight lines from the point of primary interaction to the
points where the Λ0 and the K0
decay. Extend the lines beyond the decay vertices. Draw
tangents to the four decay product tracks at
the two vertices. (Take care drawing these tangents, as doing it
carelessly is a source of large
errors.) Use a protractor to measure the angles of the decay
product tracks relative to the parent
directions (use Fig. 3 or 4 for measurements and Fig. 2 for
definitions).
Note: You can achieve much better precision if you use graphics
software to make the
measurements, rather than ruler and protractor on paper.
Examples of suitable programs are
GIMP or GoogleSketchUp, both of which can be obtained for
free.
Analysis
6. The laws of relativistic kinematics relevant to this calculation
are written below. We use the
subscripts zero, plus, and minus to refer to the charges of the
decaying particles and the decay
products.
p+sinθ+ = p-sinθ-
(2)
p0 = p+cosθ+ + p-cosθ-
(3)
E0 = E+ + E-,
where E+ = √(p+2c2 + m+2c4) , and E- = √(p-2c2 + m-
2c4)
m0c2 = √(E02 - p02c2)
Note that there is a redundancy here. That is, if p+, p-, θ+, and
θ- are all known, equation (2) is not
needed to find m0. In our two-dimensional case we have two
equations (2 and 3), and only one
unknown quantity m0, and the system is over-determined. This
is fortunate, because sometimes (as
here) one of the four measured quantities will have a large
experimental error. When this is the case,
it is usually advantageous to use only three of the variables and
to use equation (2) to calculate the
fourth. Alternatively, one may use the over-determination to
"fit'' m0, which allows to determine it
7. more precisely.
A. K0 decay
1. Measure three of the quantities r+, r-, θ+, and θ-. Omit the
one which you believe would
introduce the largest experimental error if used to determine
mK. Estimate the uncertainty of
your measurements.
2. Use the magnification factor g to calculate the actual radii R
and equation (1) to calculate the
momenta (in MeV/c) of one or both pions.
3. Use the equations above to determine the rest mass (in
MeV/c2) of the Ko.
4. Estimate the error in your result from the errors in the
measured quantities.
5.
5
Β. Λo decay:
1. The proton track is too straight to be well measured in
curvature. Note that θ+ is small and
difficult to measure, and the value of mΛ is quite sensitive to
this measurement. Measure θ+, r-
and θ-. Estimate the uncertainty on your measurements.
2. Calculate mΛ and its error the same way as for the Ko.
3. Estimate the error in your result from the errors in the
8. measured quantities.
4. Finally, compare your values with the accepted mass values
(the world average) [3], and
discuss.
C. Lifetimes:
Measure the distance traveled by both neutral particles and
calculate their speed from their
momenta, and hence determine the lifetimes, both in the
laboratory, and in their own rest-frames.
Compare the latter with the accepted values [3]. Estimate the
probability of finding a lifetime value
equal or larger than the one you found.
References:
[1] G.D. Coughlan and J.E. Dodd: “The ideas of particle
physics”, Cambridge Univ. Press,
Cambridge 1991
[2] “The Particle Adventure”, http://particleadventure.org/
[3] Review of Particle Physics, by the Particle Data Group,
Physics Letters B 592, 1-1109
(2004) (latest edition available on WWW: http://pdg.lbl.gov )
[4] Kenneth Krane: Modern Physics, 2nd ed.; John Wiley &
Sons, New York 1996
[5] see, e.g. K. Kleinknecht: “Detectors for Particle Radiation”,
Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge 1986;
9. R. Fernow: “Introduction to Experimental Particle Physics”,
Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge 1986;
W. Leo: Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics
Experiments :
A How-To Approach; Springer Verlag, New York
1994 (2nd ed.)
Note: Experiment adapted from PHY 251 lab at SUNY at Stony
Brook (Michael Rijssenbeek)
6
Figure 3 : Photograph of the interaction between a high-energy
π--meson from the Berkeley
Bevatron accelerator and a proton in a liquid hydrogen bubble
chamber. The interaction produces
two neutral particles Λ0 and K0, which are short-lived and
decay into charged particles a bit further.
The photo covers an area (H•W) of 173 mm • 138 mm of the
bubble chamber. In this enlargement,
the magnification factor g = (height (in mm) of the photograph
)/173 mm.
10. 7
Fig. 4: Negative of picture shown in Fig. 3
HIGHER COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT: BUSINESS STUDIES
Final Examination:
Assignment Based Assessment
Semester: II A. Y.: 2019 / 2020
Diploma I and II Year
Start Date: 16-5-2020 Time: 9:00AM
Due Date: 18-5-2020 Time: 9:00AM
Student Name
Student ID
Specialization
Section
11. Level Diploma I –Year
Course Name Principles of Microeconomics
Course Code BAEC1203
For official Use Only
Question No. Max. Marks
Obtained
Marks
Question No.
Max.
Marks
Obtained
Marks
1 5 1 5
2 5 2 5
3 5 3 5
4 5 4 5
5 5 5 5
6 5 6 5
7 5 7 5
8 5 8 5
9 5 9 5
10 5 10 5
Grand Total
Marks 50 50
12. First Marker: Second Marker:
Date: Date:
Guidelines for Students to Submit the Assignment:
1) The final assessment for semester 2, 2019-20 will be done
through comprehensive
assignment for a maximum of 50 marks. The schedule of the
final assessment is
available in the college website.
https://www.hct.edu.om/about/the-
college/announcements/final-assessment-timetable-041620
2) All the students are expected to have only one assignment at
one time. In case, if the
students have more than one assignment on the same day, please
report to the exam
committee through the following mail id. [email protected] as
soon as possible.
3) All students are given 48 hours to complete and submit each
assignment from the day,
date and time the assignment is uploaded. Students are advised
not to wait till the last
moment of the deadline to submit the assignment.
4) The students can check the assignment anytime and any
13. number of times from the
opening of the assignment. The answer to the assignment need
to be uploaded in e-
learning within 48 hours.
5) The answer to the assignment can be uploaded only one time.
No requests for
resubmission of the assignment will be entertained.
6) In case students face any difficulties while uploading the
assignment in e-learning,
they can contact ETC helpdesk.
For Academic related support :
Business Courses
For Technical Writing 1
For Technical Writing 2
For Technical Communication
[email protected][email protected][email protected][email prote
cted][email protected]
For issues related to e-mail
accounts and Microsoft Teams
[email protected]
Any issues related to E-Learning
Moodle
[email protected]
14. Any other IT Troubleshooting [email protected]
7) Student may contact their respective lecturer through email
(within the 48-hour period
given) if they have any doubts and clarifications on the
assignments.
8) Student should be aware that this assignment is an
independent assessment. Students
are not allowed to get help from any other person during the
assessment period.
9) Students assignment will be checked for plagiarism through
Turnitin software. This
assignment will be assessed as per the College Assessment
Policy. Student will be
investigated in case of plagiarism as per the College policy and
procedures.
10) In case the students face any technical issues regarding the
submission of assignment,
the answer to the assignment can be mailed to the concerned
lecturer within the 48-
hour period.
11) Any assignment submitted after the 48-hour period will not
be considered for
evaluation.
15. 12) The assignment should be submitted only the file in MS
Word document. No other
format is acceptable at all (e.g. pictures, JPEG, PDF, etc.)
13) The students need to answer the assignment in the
prescribed number of words as
mentioned in the assignment.
14) The students need to follow the following format while
preparing the assignment :
Font Style: Times New Roman
Font Size: 12 point for body and 14 point for Headings
Line Spacing: 1.5
Margin: 2.54cm (One inch) on all the sides
Page Number: At the bottom right hand corner of each page
Colour: All words should be in black colour
15) Students who will fail to submit their assignment as per the
deadline given are
required to make an online appeal along with the valid excuses
as the guidelines
which will be announced through the college website or e-
learning portal.
16. Main Instructions:
16) At the time of answer papers submission in the E-Learning,
Students have to follow
the two things importantly:
i) When you are submitting the answer paper through e-
learning, Students have
to delete all instructions points from the answer sheet (1-16)
(Guidelines
for Students to Submit the Assignment):
ii) When you are submitting the answer sheet, delete questions
from the answer
sheet. Mention question numbers with the answers.
These are the above two instructions, students have to be
followed strictly. Then
only it will show less plagiarism percentage, if students are not
followed, it shown
more plagiarism, due to that you marks may be low.
All the Best
17. CASE STUDIES
(Suggested time: 48 hours)
Answer all the questions given below the case studies. For
every question
given, it should be answered with minimum fifty hundred (50)
words and
maximum hundred (100) words per question.
Part-I
Food delivery is the present trend nowadays especially that
most people are required to stay
home. In the case of Patsy restaurant, the company has
effectively operated in Oman for
many years catering to non-Omani and Omani foods. With the
required take-out and home
delivery only, the restaurant has to reduce the workforce. Some
of the Cooks were separated
and one of them is Zara’s father. The family has stayed in
Oman living comfortably. Her
family enjoys their wealth by spending on different luxury
products. Now that the father
loses his job, the family started to live on their remaining
limited resources.
18. Q1 What concept/s can best describe the situation and how can
the family survive their
present condition. (5 Marks)
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26. there is a lockdown, the supply
of some of the materials needed may not be available in the
market. Further, some homes are
also extra careful in ordering food and would rather cook their
own in their kitchen. The new
business will also have to prove that they are practicing safety
measures to assure customers
that their food is safe. They found out that the present virus
situation has led to shortage of
protective items like masks and gloves.
Q4 Explain five factors that can specifically affect the increase
and decrease in the
demand for the homemade food delivery. (5 Marks)
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31. _____________________________________________________
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Part-IV
When the business was launched, initially they offered eight (8)
types of meat dishes,
vegetable dishes and seafood. There are also desserts and
sandwiches. Knowing that they
have competition with another homemade food delivery
company, the business lowered its
price from 5 RO to 3 RO per dish. Likewise, the number of
dishes was increased to ten (10).
Q6 What kind of elasticity is being shown here? Calculate the
elasticity. (5 Marks)
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34. In order to minimize costs, the business uses a vacant room in
one of the partners’ house to
store the products. The business is also being run by members
of the family like their wives
and Zara and the other children. They deliver the products to
the different shops using their
own van. They deliver the products to the different shops using
their own van. Power and
Wi-Fi per month cost the business 400 RO. Raw materials
which are the ingredients for the
food costs 250 RO per week. Petrol is about 60 RO per month.
Repairs and maintenance of
the van costs 30 per month. Salaries in the form of allowances
to the two Helpers cost 35 RO
each per month. Profit for the first month was 3000 RO and
during the second month it
increased to 5,000 RO.
Q7 Solve for the firm’s: 1) fixed cost; 2) average fixed cost; 3)
average variable cost; 4)
average total cost and 5) marginal revenue for the first and
second month. (5 Marks)
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40. the business will try to keep operating. There may be seasons
that the business may just break
even and they are expecting this.
Q9 What kind of market structure is being described here and
what other
characteristics does this market structure show. (5
Marks)
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62. 1
2
(�!! + �!!)
Where
�!! ��� �!!
are
initial
and
final
momentums
of
Σ
particle.
And
can
be
found
using
the
measured
track
length
�!.
The
length
of
time
that
the
Σ−lives(the
time