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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
DIABETES CARE TASKS AT SCHOOL:
What Key Personnel Need to Know
DIABETES BASICS
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
2
Goal: Optimal Student Health
and Learning
All school staff members
should have basic
knowledge of diabetes
and know who to contact
for help.
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Learning Objectives
Participants will be able to understand:
• What is diabetes?
• Why care at school is required
• Basic components of diabetes care at school
• Short and long term consequences of diabetes
3
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
What is Diabetes?
In diabetes:
Body does not make or properly use insulin
Insulin is needed to:
Move glucose from blood into cells for energy
If insulin isn’t working, high blood glucose results:
Energy levels are low
Dehydration
Complications
4
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Type 1 Diabetes
• Autoimmune disorder
• Insulin-producing cells destroyed
• Daily insulin replacement necessary
• Age of onset: usually childhood, young adulthood
• Most common type of diabetes in children and adolescents
5
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
6
SYMPTOMS:
increased urination
tiredness
weight loss
Type 1 Diabetes
CAUSE:
uncertain, both genetic and
environmental factors
increased thirst
hunger
dry skin
blurred vision
ONSET: relatively quick
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Type 2 Diabetes
Insulin resistance – first step
Age at onset:
• Most common in adults
• Increasingly common in youth
− overweight
− inactivity
− genes
− ethnicity
7
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
8
Type 2 Diabetes
• some children show no
symptoms at diagnosis
• others are symptomatic
with very high blood
glucose levels
SYMPTOMS:
ONSET: variable timeframe
for children
tired, thirsty, hunger,
increased urination
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
9
Diabetes is Managed,
But it Does Not Go Away.
GOAL:
Maintain target
blood glucose
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
10
Diabetes Management
Constant Juggling - 24/7
Insulin/
medication
with:
Physical
activity
BG
BG
BG
and
Food
intake
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Diabetes Management
Routine Care:
• Many students will be able to handle all or almost all
routine diabetes care by themselves
• Some students will need school staff to perform or
assist with routine diabetes care
Emergency Care:
• ALL students with diabetes will need help in the event
of an emergency situation
11
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Care in the Schools:
School Nurses and Others
A School nurse is most appropriate to:
• Coordinate diabetes care
• Supervise diabetes care
• Provide direct care (when available)
• Communicate about health concerns to parent/guardian and health care team
However, a school nurse is not always available.
Non-medical school staff can be trained to assist
students:
• For both routine and emergency care
• Including insulin and glucagon administration
12
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Diabetes Medical Management Plan (DMMP)
• Basis for all school-based diabetes care plans
• Developed by student’s personal health care team and
parent/guardian
• Signed by a member of student’s personal health care team
• Individualized
• Implemented collaboratively by the school diabetes team:
- School nurse
- Student
- Parent/guardian
- Other school personnel
13
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Where to Get More Information
American Diabetes Association
1-800- DIABETES
www.diabetes.org
National Diabetes Education Program/NIH
www.ndep.nih.gov
14

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1-diabetes-basics.ppt

  • 1. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org DIABETES CARE TASKS AT SCHOOL: What Key Personnel Need to Know DIABETES BASICS
  • 2. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 2 Goal: Optimal Student Health and Learning All school staff members should have basic knowledge of diabetes and know who to contact for help.
  • 3. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Learning Objectives Participants will be able to understand: • What is diabetes? • Why care at school is required • Basic components of diabetes care at school • Short and long term consequences of diabetes 3
  • 4. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org What is Diabetes? In diabetes: Body does not make or properly use insulin Insulin is needed to: Move glucose from blood into cells for energy If insulin isn’t working, high blood glucose results: Energy levels are low Dehydration Complications 4
  • 5. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Type 1 Diabetes • Autoimmune disorder • Insulin-producing cells destroyed • Daily insulin replacement necessary • Age of onset: usually childhood, young adulthood • Most common type of diabetes in children and adolescents 5
  • 6. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 6 SYMPTOMS: increased urination tiredness weight loss Type 1 Diabetes CAUSE: uncertain, both genetic and environmental factors increased thirst hunger dry skin blurred vision ONSET: relatively quick
  • 7. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Type 2 Diabetes Insulin resistance – first step Age at onset: • Most common in adults • Increasingly common in youth − overweight − inactivity − genes − ethnicity 7
  • 8. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 8 Type 2 Diabetes • some children show no symptoms at diagnosis • others are symptomatic with very high blood glucose levels SYMPTOMS: ONSET: variable timeframe for children tired, thirsty, hunger, increased urination
  • 9. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 9 Diabetes is Managed, But it Does Not Go Away. GOAL: Maintain target blood glucose
  • 10. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 10 Diabetes Management Constant Juggling - 24/7 Insulin/ medication with: Physical activity BG BG BG and Food intake
  • 11. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Diabetes Management Routine Care: • Many students will be able to handle all or almost all routine diabetes care by themselves • Some students will need school staff to perform or assist with routine diabetes care Emergency Care: • ALL students with diabetes will need help in the event of an emergency situation 11
  • 12. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Care in the Schools: School Nurses and Others A School nurse is most appropriate to: • Coordinate diabetes care • Supervise diabetes care • Provide direct care (when available) • Communicate about health concerns to parent/guardian and health care team However, a school nurse is not always available. Non-medical school staff can be trained to assist students: • For both routine and emergency care • Including insulin and glucagon administration 12
  • 13. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Diabetes Medical Management Plan (DMMP) • Basis for all school-based diabetes care plans • Developed by student’s personal health care team and parent/guardian • Signed by a member of student’s personal health care team • Individualized • Implemented collaboratively by the school diabetes team: - School nurse - Student - Parent/guardian - Other school personnel 13
  • 14. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Where to Get More Information American Diabetes Association 1-800- DIABETES www.diabetes.org National Diabetes Education Program/NIH www.ndep.nih.gov 14