1905 Revolution Essay

1905 Revolution Essay
1905 Revolution "These days we call anything a revolutionâ€¦"[1] To decide whether or not any
event is a revolution I must first set some parameters to define my personal idea of what a revolution
is. I believe a revolution to be a radical change of anything, not just political. I believe this as from
history labelling the Renaissance as a revolution, yet it lacked political change. In my opinion
hindsight is very important to whether or not something is a revolution. I think you can only decide
if something was revolutionary if you can see its consequences. I do not think revolutionary thought
is essential to whether or not an event is a revolution. To discover whether or not 1905 was a ...
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This resulted in a generalised feeling of resentment towards the Tsar even amongst his supporters.
The political unrest was present through the survival of a poor Minister of the Interior, Viacheslav
von Plehve, until 1904 when he was assassinated. This was the Tsar's chance to quell the political
unrest. He chose a new minister in Prince Sviatopolk–Mirskii. However, he had "political
innocence"[3] and promised vague reform. Basically he was weak and this weakness annoyed both
wings of the political spectrum sustaining the political unrest throughout 1905. Economical unrest is
best shown through the peasants. They were heavy under the weight of redemption payments and
oppressive taxes and their economic unrest was definitely evident preceding 1905, and throughout
1905 they vented their anger. "The ferment in the countryside grew in a menacing way"[4], is a good
quote describing their movements as the word 'menacing' seems to suggest they were very
dangerous and seems to have connotations supporting the large numbers that there were. The word
'ferment' supports the fact it peasant unrest had been building up. One major achievement I can see
from the peasant uprisings was that they were organised by themselves, demonstrating their own
political thought and this was cemented in July of the year when the
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Why the Soviet Union Signed a Pact of Non-Agression in 1939
International relations of the 18th century were above all concerned with the balance of power, since
no one state felt strong enough to attempt a military conquest of the entire European continent. 1 On
the horizon of the 19th century, the development of a rising German enterprise created a cataclysmic
downfall of British, French, and American diplomacy. Above all, while under a firm hand by Joseph
Stalin, Russia sought expansionist ideals just as much as Adolf Hitler did. The failures of British and
French negotiations, under previous attempted containment of Germany with a lackluster Treaty of
Versailles, paved the way for Russo–German negotiations that green–lit the eventual invasion of
Poland. It was the fundamental dishonesty of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
9
Since Stalinists were not credited well within the Western populous, Stalin did not abandon the idea
of dealing with Germany later due to the West keeping Russia at arms length.10 On the 2nd of May
1935, the Franco–Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance was brought to light. It did not have a lot of
substance as a treaty, and was put into place in order to consult between each states in time of crisis.
Russia hoped that it would be followed, but Pierre Laval, successor to Louis Barthou preferred
reparations to the German state would that would curb any chance of conflict through political
military action. Laval delayed french politics with Russia until the Spring of 1936. Léon Blum was
the Prime Minsiter of France, and his government, who were supported by communist deputies were
willing to turn political understanding of the German problem into real military consequences. 1936
to 1937 was an energetic time for Russian diplomacy, by attempting to show a strategic campaign
within France, that largely failed due to French resistance. Yvon Delbos, Frances foreign affairs
minister, didn't favour a Franco–Russo alliance because he thought Stalin would coerce France into
a war with Germany, only to progress Stalin's communist ideals. British support was more important
to France than Russian support, and fear of disappointing Britian was a large influence for a lack of
alliance made. In fact,

Similarities Between Kindergarten And Stalin's Funeral
This review paper focuses on the movie "The Kindergarten" (Detsky Sad) and "Stalin's Funeral"
(Pokhorony Stalina) which was both written and directed by Yevgeny Yevtushenko, popularly
known for his profession as a Russian and Soviet poet. "Kindergarten" was produced in 1983
whereas "Stalin's funeral" was produced in 1991 as Yevtushenko's last film. Apart from simply
writing and directing, Yevtushenko also created smaller roles for himself in the two movies. Despite
the fact that the two movies have different plots, they are connected as they both deal with the life
experience in Soviet Moscow; furthermore, the character "Zhenya" features in both films.
"Kindergarten" features as an autobiographical film which sort of depicts the experience of a young
Yevtushenko (Thomas n.p.). Despite Yevtushenko's talent in poetry, the film is largely conventional.
It bears lots of similarities with many Russian war movies which are characterized by melancholic
paeans to the afflicted masses. Furthermore, the film portrays an imitation to surrealist movies, boy's
adventure movies, propaganda movies, crime movies as well as war movies. Being his first attempt
at writing and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The film's entire story takes place during the funeral of the feared former head of state, Joseph
Stalin. After the death of Stalin, his body was put on display in the Palace of Unions for a couple of
days so that the citizens would come and pay their respects. The incident attracted thousands and the
streets were flooded with people waiting to get a chance to view the body. The place was eventually
crowded and a stampede ensued, resulting in many being trampled, some to their death; the scene
was gruesome. Thus it was this particular incident that Yevtushenko centered the movie on together
with some twist from carious points of view from different characters to thicken the

Theory of Montage in Pudovkin’s, Eisenstein’s and Vertov’s...
Introduction
In the presented essay I will compare the style of work of selected artists in the montage of the film.
I will try to point out some general regularities and features of Soviet cinema. At the same time I
will try to capture especially what is common in their systems and similar or conversely what differ.
For my analysis, I will draw on the feature films of the Soviet avantgarde, namely these are the
movies – The Battleship Potemkin (S. Eisenstein, 1925), Mother (V. Pudovkin, 1926) and The Man
with a movie camera (D. Vertov, 1929).
The School of montage
Most of the films that they were created in the Soviet Union, outside the school of montage, use
topics of sitcoms and to a various literary adaptations. Conversely directors ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
However his films are softer and more lyrical as Eisenstein, heroes are individualized and becomes
an important element of narrative. Right from the start Pudovkin went his innovator's way and
element of montage used to express continuity, not as Eisenstein for remittance conflict.
Pudovkin is dubbed as "singer in the movie" especially for the predominance of emotional elements
of intellectual. This doesn't mean that his revolutionary epopees are important only in terms of itself
topics. In his work wasn't overlooking the central idea that the montage is the essence of aesthetics
of film.
Different connections of contrasts (that were typical of the Eisenstein) by Pudovkin appear rarely.
Instead of these contrasts he used montage of analogies. For example, a second shot rarely used for
intensifying an impression from a first image. On the contrary, a director's effort is visible when a
main story line he tried to enrich it with new elements.
Mutually connected and unrelated images of outside the design concepts of director served to reveal
to inner state of the hero, as for example in the figure of the Mother.
Eisenstein's opinion was inclined to intellectual film, which lacked a fabulation and the main
character. Pudovkin understood a film as a relationship to the narrative.
Montage of the film Mother radiates peacefully from the story, from a particular environment, from
the heroes and it reaches metaphorical dimension. As we can see in the

Citizen Sherlock Jr Film Analysis
During the first unit, we discussed the different techniques used during filming. These techniques
can include how the camera is position on the actors like in Citizen Kane. It can also be how much
of the actor is showing and how long the scene is without cuts like in both Sherlock Jr. and Singing
in the Rain. Another technique involves cutting scenes into short shots like in Battleship Potemkin.
These techniques are used to show off new film styles, to indirectly tell the audience something, or
to show off the amazing abilities of the actors.
In Buster Keaton's Sherlock Jr. (1924), there were many different techniques used throughout the
film. One of these techniques used is long take. Long take is when the film continues rolling without
any cuts (Geiger and Rutsky 1075). Using this means that everyone in the scene must get the entire
scene right without any mistakes. Long shots are also used ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The next scene is a very powerful scene that uses camera angles. Susan is sitting in the tent not
wanting to come out. Kane comes in and starts fighting with Susan. Kane then hits her. Off screen a
women screams but Susan just glares at Kane without saying anything. This is when the camera is
using angles to portray emotion. Kane is shot from a low angle so that the audience is looking up at
him. Shooting him from this angle shows that he has more power than Susan. She was going to do
what he said and he was intimidating to her. Susan was shot from a high angle. At that moment,
Susan was powerless to the tyranny that Kane had on her. She was unable to fight back that night.
After returning from camping, Susan packed her bags and left Kane. He was angry and started
throwing things but even throughout his anger, Susan was not shot from a high angle. This shows
that she is no longer controlled by

Francis Bacon Research Paper
In the early 1900s people didn't really accept homosexuality. Francis Bacon was kicked out of his
house because his parents didn't accept the fact that he was gay. That didn't stop him from being
successful. This essay is about a self taught painter who was on his own since 17. We're going to go
through how he grew up, what inspired him to paint and how he died. Francis Bacon was born on
October 28, 1909 in Dublin, Ireland. He grew up with four siblings. Two brother, Edward and
Harley Bacon, and two sisters, Ianthe Knott and Winifred Bacon. They were raised in Ireland and
England, with good education except for Francis. He suffered from bad asthma causing hims to have
to have home tutoring. Francis mom, Christina, didn't really appreciate his artwork. He would bring
home his drawings to give to her and she didn't show any interest in it. Most of the time they were
what they called 1920s girls, they had cloche hats and cigarette holders. At the age of 17 Francis was
kicked out because his parents didn't accept his sexuality. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
There he had a little studio where he became a self taught painter inspired by Pablo Picasso. One of
Francis Bacon's art pieces was inspired by a film called Battleship Potemkin. The screaming nurses
in this film inspired him to paint the screaming men and women. Francis Bacon used line in his
artwork to create tension for the viewers. He used color to set a certain mood for his artwork.
Francis also symbolic elements to give all of his work meaning. In 1937 Francis was in an
exhibition of young british artist, hosted by Eric Hall. After getting bad comments on his artwork, he
gathered all of the paintings and destroyed

Soviet Montage : The Greatest Master Of Montage
Soviet Montage is a movement driven by "Marxist [politics]" and an "economic philosophy"
developed in Soviet Russia at the time of revolution. Lenin himself considered film, as an art form
as the "most influential of all arts" as it not only entertained but could be used to "[mould] and
reinforce values."( Mast, G. & Kawin, B. F.) Sergei Eisenstein, himself a Marxist, is no exception to
this and not only are his films are full of political propaganda, but he is also considered "the greatest
master of montage." ."( Mast, G. & Kawin, B. F.) His film October, called Ten Days That Shook The
World in the Western world at the time and butchered due to its content, has always been considered
problematic for audiences and critics alike and the standard critique of the film soon became "The
Film as a whole is difficult and incoherent." (Sperbur) Although if analysed properly, you can see
that it has powerful political and social messages to convey and comprises of film form that
Eisenstein himself called "intellectual film."
The "Gods Sequence" also known as "General Kornilov attacks" (Sperbur) is an excellent example
of both Eisenstein's political views and his film form, which lead it to be cut from many U.S. prints
because of its anti–religious symbolism. With the title "In the name of God and Country" based on
Kornilov's banners used in his march on Petrograd, Eisenstein uses the conventions of Soviet
Montage to comment on both God and Country. Due to lack of film stock, leading

The Odessa Steps Sequence
Sergei Eisenstein was a Soviet film director, who directed Battleship Potemkin. A famous scene in
the film is the Odessa Steps sequence. The Odessa Steps sequence is an example of Eisensteinian
attractions, which is a tactic that is used to shock or jolt the audience, mainly through editing. The
scene I am describing is segment C. Segment C is the scene that consists of the cherub statues, the
collapsing iron gate, and the lion statues. Segment C consists of nine shots. The first shot is a cherub
extending its right arm above its head to reach a club. The cherub is looking straight ahead.
Additionally, the cherub is sitting with its legs wide open. The second shot in the segment is another
cherub looking to the left. The cherub is grasping ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Yes, the narrative is disrupted by the cherubs and the lion statues, but compared to the other
segments the cherubs and the lion statues do not intensify the shots of the iron gate collapsing
compared to the occurrences in segment B and segment A, where those shots together build upon
the intensity of the shots within their own segments. In segment B the shots continue to intensify the
narrative especially seeing the helpless baby in the carriage on the cusp of descending down the
steps, and then the solider slashing people with his saber, and the woman who was shot in the eye.
In my opinion, these all continue to intensify the narrative because the shots are brief but it's all
shocking and addresses the spectator especially when the woman who is shot in the eye looks at the
camera in horror. Segment B continues to shock one, whereas segment C disrupts the continuity of
the scene. Segment A is also disruptive like segment C because of the title that says and suddenly,
and the lady who is shaking her head and yelling, and then the lady with the white parasol heading
toward the camera, although this is disruptive it also intensifies the narrative because the narrative
completely switches from the people waving to the people beginning to run for their

Jud Süss Film Analysis
Twentieth century Europe was filled with diversity from Russia to Germany. People were driven to
be liberated from the abuse from their government. And they were able to do this with the help of
the second industrial revolution (Brose, 13). The revolution brought more transportation and more
opportunities for work, but it also brought the art of warfare with the colonies having access to
natural resources like oil and rubber. These resources helped manufacture the weaponry in Europe,
weapons like rifles, high–caliber shells, and TNT (Brose, 18). Furthermore, the industrial revolution
made it to where the bourgeoisie was taking advantage of the proletarians even more than before
(Brose, 25). This resulted in the clash of the classes, and also ... Show more content on
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He thought the Jews were damaging the culture of Germany, and the race of Aryans by living
around them like parasites (Boyer & Goldstein, 206). Moreover, he wanted to keep the Aryan race
pure and safe from the corruption of the Jews, for he believed they were defile creatures (Boyer &
Goldstein, 209). This was illustrated in the film Jud Süss when Süss had defiled Dorothea Strum
towards the end, he was found guilty of miscegenation and was hung to death in front of the
community. So to protect his race, he decided to build ghettos in some areas to quarantine the Jews
because he believed that they were filthy and sneaky. Harlan illustrated this in the scene when Süss
entered in Stuttgart and became the duke's advisor. For the German citizens saw him as a poor and
nasty immigrant from the ghettos (Tegel, 80). These actions, as well as the secret attacks on the Jews
in Weimar Republic stirred up the warfare again (Brose, 18 ). Many of the Jews had been driven out
by the Nazis, for they were destroying their livelihood. Over five hundred synagogues had been
burned down, over seven thousand Jewish own shops had been ruin and about ninety Jews had been
killed (Brose, 220) these actions led to the extreme Holocaust and World War

Eisenstein's Use Of Continuity Editing In The Conversation
Within The Conversation the use of continuity editing is seen through the use of shots often being
cut away from Stan to Harry even though Stan would still be speaking, this is used to signify that
Harry's private space is being invaded by Stan and his curious nature. This 'invasion of space' is
again reinforced by the many shots which have Harry facing away from Stan, which is a connotation
of Harry avoiding communication with Stan, this also signifies Harry's secluded nature . Costanzo
states "In film the objective of continuity editing is to create the illusion that the movie is not made
up of a series of short, separate shots, but that it is, instead, one on going, unsliced (seamless)
whole." This relates to The Conversation sequence as Francis Ford Coppola makes his shots
continual through the use of realistic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This contrasts the idea of continuity editing used in The Conversation, as he uses it as a
psychological stimulation rather than a narrative device, this gives Eisenstein a chance to convey his
political opinion through emotional senses to the audience. Eisenstein takes this and constructs shots
that are opposite to create a new meaning within the sequence. Gazetas also states that "when
Eisenstein applied dialectical montage to editing his films, he strove to capture a visual counterpoint
of opposing images that would mentally combine in the spectator's mind into an abstract idea" The
shot which shows the woman being indecisive of pushing the carriage with her baby in it down the
steps, and being unfortunately shot by the troops marching down "The Odessa Steps". Her fall is
edited in many overlapping cuts. Furthermore this shows one of Eisenstein's most famous editing
scenes. Montage within this scene returns to her every few seconds as she gradually falls to the

Battleship Potemkin Essay
Editing manipulates the audience's point of view of the story. Different cuts can delineate the plot
and the meaning of the images distinctively. Battleship Potemkin, directed by Sergei Eisenstein was
the example of how editing created emotions to the viewers in the theatre. The editing made the
sequence into a lesson of how the Soviet Union authority was pressuring the public with complete
dominance of violence. Battleship Potemkin is a movie produced by Eisenstein in 1925. A film
about the Soviet Union soldiers' life on the battleship and how they disobey their authoritative
generals. In addition, how they are welcomed by their families and the people, but get turned down
by the governmental army by shooting down the crowd from the stairs. Therefore, this story was
expressed by the cuts from frame to frame with sensitivity and anguish feelings. The sequence will
be analyzed is when the soldiers return from their battleship and finally meeting their family and
friends in Russia. However, the government ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The scene was a cut of discontinuity. The scene used discontinuity editing to show the woman's
facial expression to demonstrate the pain of being shot. This made the crowd trying to escape from
the gunfires. The escape was first shot in a medium shot, which creates a clear image of people
running down the stairs. Along with some long shots of the entire crowd deserting, shows how
terrifying the firearms have impacted the innocent people on the stairs. Different angles of the
images were cut alternatively to increase the tension of how communist authorities had been
constraining the people from their rights to gather around. Additionally, Eisenstein included some
close up shots to give the image of people dying and kids sitting in the middle of the dead people.
The scene then jump cuts to the soldiers in white uniforms walking down the stairs roll by roll,
pushing the

Film Analysis : The Fall Of Berlin
Movies created in Soviet Russia were prominently used as a tool for propaganda, "The Fall of
Berlin," used contrast to idealize Soviet Russia by downplaying Germany and Hitler. "The Fall of
Berlin" was released in 1950, right after World War II ended. The film is Soviet propaganda that was
thought to insure faith within the Russian population, as Stalin wanted Soviet Russia to believe in
him. The movie characterized Stalin with such gratitude and admiration, even I believed he was a
good leader. In "Battleship Potemkin," released in 1925, opposition and comparison were used to
idealize Russia as well. Any film that was not propaganda was seen to be against Soviet Russia.
Montage was used to effectively transmit a certain political ... Show more content on
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The officers are shown to be dimwitted, as they fiddle with their mustaches, while the sailors are
enraged at the meat they are being fed. This is contrast because the sailors represented the people
that were directly affected by the revolution and the sailors constructed the people as strong and
ready to fight. On the other hand, the officers made the government look responsible, since they
were blamed for social and political anarchy in 1905, during the revolution. The officers were
shown as being weak and not fazed by the problems that were being faced by the Soviet people. The
sailors fought back and a deluge of montage is used make viewers feel on edge. The dark and light
images manufacture feelings of discomfort, since the viewer is completely familiar with the turmoil
that broke loose on the steps of Odessa by the use of contrast and montage, which is another
example of socialist realism as the scene on the steps resembles the characteristics of socialist
realism.
Filmmakers want to use contrast in film because they want viewers to get a sense of "the other,"
which is a term used to describe the alternative side to a scenario or story. "The Fall of Berlin" is
Soviet propaganda and contrast helped display a certain image to create a certain feeling. This was
popular during Stalin's reign, since he needed to keep his cult of personality alive. The cult of
personality was developed through the press and showed Stalin as wise, genius and

Formalism And Realism In Film
Short Critical Essay #3 – Option 2 Classical film theories are generally divided into two main
camps. They have been categorized as Formalism and Realism. The formalist approach looks at the
structure and form of the film. It analyzes the method by which the story materializes and how it
forces the viewer to react based on the way it is presented. It incorporates character development,
photographic composition, camera movement, set design, editing, etc. to that end. The realist
approach scrutinizes how a film represents "reality." It is a mechanical reproduction of reality that
strives for objectivity and realism.The primary focus is always every day, true–to–life characters and
dilemmas, and the real life situations they are found in. Commonplace themes are the rule. To
achieve realism in cinema it was necessary to direct attention to the physical and philosophic
problems of ordinary existence. People emerge as victims of forces beyond their control in a world
at times seemingly spinning out of control. Although there are also a few similarities, formalism and
realism can be shown to offer substantially different approaches to the art of filmmaking and the
study of film. Realism is a style of filmmaking that attempts to duplicate the look of objective reality
with emphasis on authentic locations and details, long shots, lengthy takes, and a minimum of
distortion. Andre Bazin championed cinematic realism. He identifies Realism as a movement of
filmmakers "who put their

Reality Of Cinem A Subjective Perspective
Tesla Teed
Professor Christina Kallas
Intro to Film
29 September 2014
Reality in Cinema: A Subjective Perspective
Ever since the inception of cinema, questions about film's ability to capture or distort true "reality"
have plagued the medium. It is a question which satisfies most academic types: it involves
existential questioning of "reality", film theory (which, in itself, just sounds intelligent), and esoteric
mostly esoteric film knowledge and jargon. Though it's a question that has been long dominated by
pretension and esotericism, it's a very valid one that is important to investigate. Reality distortion
through film is particularly salient because it affects almost all who watch movies, which is a lot of
people. During my research, I've come to a conclusion: Even though an "objective reality" in cinema
doesn't exist, there are types of representations of reality that can have seriously damaging
implications. These are representations of the world which are intended to be impetuses for the harm
of others. Films like The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari and Battleship Potemkin showcase this potential to
dictate and distort reality.
First, in order to decide whether reality distortion through film has any immediate implications, we
must establish that it is impossible to capture an "objective reality" through film. Though this is not
an essay that is exactly concerned with philosophical posturing, a bit of existentialist thought is
required when asking the question of whether or

Francis Bacon 's Portrait Of Pope Innocent X
Francis Bacon was an Irish–born English artist known for his raw, controversial and emotionally
charged works (Gale, Tate Gallery) often referred to as the "enfant terrible" of British art (Schama,
7) . Many of his works, including Study After Velazquez's Portrait of Pope Innocent X, are
palimpsest using a variety of different images to create his own original works. Study After
Velazquez's Portrait of Pope Innocent X is part of the loose series of "screaming popes" (Sylvester,
40) of which there are approximately 45 surviving works (Schmied, 17) completed during the 50's
and early 60's. The series was not only inspired by Spanish Baroque artist Diego Velazquez's Portrait
of the Pope Innocent X, a painting which Bacon had many copies of but famously avoided seeing in
person (Phaidon) The truth behind Francis Bacon 's 'screaming ' popes) but also medical textbooks,
works by the German Renaissance painter Matthias Grünewald (Schmeid, 53) and the screaming
nurse on the Odessa Steps sequence in Soviet film director Sergei Eisenstein's 1925 silent film
Броненосец Потемкин [The Battleship Potemkin] (Peppiatt, 43). In the image we see the Pope
Innocent X, a powerful authority figure in the Catholic church. He is the liaison between the Lord
and his son Jesus Christ and earth, he is essentially all powerful in his own domain, Vatican City and
Catholics around the world. He is respected and his position is something that the Cardinals strive to
become. However, Bacon depicts

Parallel Editing In 'The Untouchables'
Parallel editing is used in The Untouchables when Stone hears the shootout at the north side of the
station, where we cut away from Ness and see Stone, his partner, at the south side of the station
rushing towards the shootout. While parallel editing is a part of montage theory, The Untouchables
specifically uses the parallel editing technique to show a different section of the building, which was
unseen up until that point, rather than the Odessa steps sequence, which has cuts to several master
shots and other coverage that establish the setting. The Untouchables scene employs only continuity
editing, while the Odessa steps sequence uses both continuity and discountoues editing, although,
being a montage, the discountoues editing is what

Eisenstein And Vertov's Theory Of Conflict And...
Eisenstein and Vertov are two filmmakers/theorists that made films to illustrate and emphasize their
film theories. One of Eisenstein's theories is that film should have a dialectic approach to create
conflict. Furthermore, he states that conflict will spark active thinking in the spectator 's mind.
Another theory from Eisenstein is the methods of montage. There are five methods, but the one he
highlights the most is the intellectual montage, which helps create an idea through juxtaposition to
make the audience think about the film and social issues. In comparison, one of Vertov's theories
states that film is like a medium of movement. Furthermore, he explains the movement is required to
create montage and bring shots together in harmony. Another theory from Vertov emphasizes the
camera eye. He explains how the camera can show the truths of the world better than the human eye.
In summary, Eisenstein demonstrates his theory of conflict and intellectual montage in October
(1928) and The Battleship Potemkin (1925). Plus, both films get the audience to think about life and
society. In comparison, Vertov displays his theories of movement to create montage and the
importance of the camera eye in The Man with the Movie Camera (1929) to illustrate the rhythms of
everyday life and show the power of the camera eye. To conclude, both Eisenstein and Vertov are
able to effectively display their theories in film. Eisenstein's theory about creating conflict between
shots is explicitly

Comparing Eisenstein And Vertov And Two Filmmakers And...
Eisenstein and Vertov are two filmmakers/theorists that made films to illustrate and emphasize their
make the audience think about the film and social issues. In comparison, one of Vertov theories
In summary Eisenstein demonstrates his theory of conflict and intellectual montage in October
(1928) and The Battleship Potemkin (1925). Plus, both films get the audience to think about life and
society. In comparison Vertov displays his theories of movement to create montage and the
importance of the camera eye in The Man with the Movie Camera (1929) to illustrate cinema as a
whole and show the power of the camera eye. To conclude, both Eisenstein and Vertov are able to
effectively display their theories in film. Eisenstein theory about creating conflict between shots is
explicitly illustrated in his

The Little Shopgirls Go To The Movies By Sigfied Kracauer
"The Little Shopgirls go to the movies" is a text written by Sigfied Kracauer which criticises the plot
archetypes of films. He argues that their melodramatic and sensationalised premises are a reflection
of how society is operating. This text was first published in 1927 when Kracauer was living in
Germany working as a respected film critic. He was a member of the Frankfurt school of critical
theory, therefore his work is strongly influenced by colleagues such as Theodor Aldorno, and also
his teacher Georg Simmel (McCormick 99).
Throughout this text he justifies his argument with the analysis of numerous film case studies. He
claims that their plots all echo a "homogenous expression of one and the same society" (Kracauer,
291). Kracauer infers

Tale Of Two Cities Comparative Essay
Change is something that must come and will always come, whether it be for better or for worse.
This is especially the case in the changing of power in our world, to spark this change, people will
fight until they die. Everybody can justify their plight with speeches of justice and necessity, but
whether or not the ends justify the means is something that every person must decide for
themselves. The theme of revolution is explored in both A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
and Battleship Potemkin by Sergei Eisenstein, but their portrayals of it differ greatly. Throughout his
Novel, Dickens clearly shows that he sympathizes with the peasants, but that he has very mixed
feelings towards the way that the revolutionaries get what they want. ... Show more content on
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Both author's perspectives on revolution are displayed in the ending of their respective works and
they could not be more different. A Tale of Two Cities ends with the hero of the story: Carton about
to be executed at the guillotine. The story does not end with a huge celebration, but it ends
melancholic and ambivalent. It is then stated, "Crush humanity out of shape once more, under
similar hammers, and it will twist itself into the same tortured forms" (Dickens 659). He is saying
that regardless of the intent of the revolutionaries, since what they did was through similar means of
the aristocrats, everything will still end up the same way. He continues by saying, "Sow the same
seed of rapacious license and oppression over again, and it will surely yield the same fruit according
to its kind" (Dickens 659). Since the revolutionaries used violence to get what they wanted, they are
no better than the aristocrats themselves and once they get into power, they will become the same as
the aristocrats. They will continue the same cycle, but they will now be the ones in power. The
ending of A Tale of Two Cities emphasizes that the revolutionaries' violent means were
contradictory to their original

Comparing Ballad Of A Solider Directed By Dziga Vertov
When comparing Ballad of a Solider directed by Grigoriy Chukhray with earlier works such as
Battleship Potemkin by director Sergei M. Eisenstein and Man with a Movie Camera directed by
Dziga Vertov, one should feel obligated to mention similarities in the story, theme, style and,
technique, as well as their differences. Their execution of ideas as well as their artistic imprint
forever changes how we view modern day cinema.
Battleship Potemkin follows a crew of a naval ship, which has been mistreated for the last time. The
crew mutinies against their superiors, sparking a revolution, which set in motion, unwanted
consequences. The effects of the crews' rebellion cost innocent people their lives, Tsarist soldiers
come and slaughter the civilians, as they celebrate Potekims victory. Opposing ships set out to stop
the Potekim, however those same ship 's side with the revolt set on by the crew of Potekim. The
follow up film, Man with a Movie Camera is partially a documentary and part artistic narrative; the
film follows a busy metropolis in the 1920s Soviet Union. Throughout the film Vertov showcases
conventional daily life in Russia, while a demanding city plays in the background. Vertov shows the
audience what goes into making a film.
The last film in the discussion is Ballad of a Soldier, follows a young man named Alyosha
Skvortsov on his journey back home to say goodbye to his mother. Skvortsov is on leave, in part due
to his heroic display of taking two tanks out in the

Battleship Potomkin Essay
Revolutionary Politics in Sergei Eisenstein's Battleship Potemkin
In 1925 Soviet filmmaker Sergei M. Eisenstein's revolutionary propaganda film Bronenosets
Potyomkin was released, commonly known in the West as Battleship Potemkin. The film is based
upon historical events, namely the mutiny on the signature naval ship that was part of the Russian
revolution in 1905. However, Eisenstein did take liberties with history, since no massacre ever took
place on the 'Steps of Odessa'. The film was voted to be the greatest film of all time at the World's
Fair in 1958 in Brussels, Belgium: "Even at the height of the Cold War, spectators would still be
captured by its recreation of a spontaneous mutiny on one of the czar's naval vessels" (Dickstein 91).
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, it is in this sequence that the viewer is confronted with powerful images, Eisenstein cuts
between the panicked faces of the helpless citizens and then to the nameless soldiers marching of the
steps with their weapons: "The collision of independent shots – shots even opposite to one another:
the "dramatic" principle" (Eisenstein 49). This juxtaposition constitutes as a contradictory argument
for the citizens against the dictatorship of the tsarist rule in the Soviet Union. Originally, filmmaker
Eisenstein directed Battleship Potemkin as a revolutionary propaganda film, however he also
wanted to test his theories about Soviet Montage. In Battleship Potemkin and Beyond it is Dickstein
who says; "Eisenstein [...] believed that film, as a revolutionary medium, could forward political
revolution [...], for its techniques could incite popular feeling and bring it to a high pitch" (91).
Nonetheless, Eisenstein's technique, quite similar to Kuleshov's theory known as the 'Kuleshov
effect', brought the power of montage to a higher level, consequently making it a efficacious tool for
propaganda. Due to its immanent drama filmmakers will naturally be enticed by politics, but
possibly also because the stakes

Early Cinema Versus Modern Bodies Of Work
When looking at early cinema compared to modern bodies of work, one thing that has changed
dramatically was the way films were edited. From the 1900s through the 1960s, films such as
L'Arroseur arrosé, Battleship Potemkin, The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari and Citizen Kane, all had their
own way of telling a visual narrative. I'm going to give examples of how editing evolved and what
techniques were developed. When looking at the Lumiére bros, one of their earlier works
'L'Arroseur arrosé', the editing was very simple. What we see on screen is a wide angle two shot of a
man working in a garden, using a hose. Now here 's the key component, by choosing a wide angle
shot, we 're able to see a second man walk into frame stepping on the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In his experiment, Kuleshov placed actor Ivan Mosjoukine with shots of three different subjects: a
hot plate of soup, a girl in a coffin, and a pretty woman lying in a couch. The footage of the actor
was the same expressionless gaze. The audience thought his performance was amazing, even though
in each shot he looked hungry, then sad, then lustful. As mentioned in Sikov, Film Studies: An
Introduction, Eisenstein used montage to convey and explore revolutionary ways for the audience to
watch films. Eisenstein believed that montage must consist of colliding shots. Editing the shots
rapidly, to exhibit conflict, making a sequence that more intense. His film, Battleship Potemkin, is a
great example of the soviet montage. There's one sequence in particular, The Odessa Step that helps
express this. It starts out with a wide angle shot of the crowd, followed by multiply medium shots of
the citizens waving to the sailors. shows their facial expression, as they have wave to the ship. Then
suddenly, we get a closeup shot of a woman in distress, quickly followed by a extreme closeup shot
of the same woman, looking even more frantic. As we see the citizens of Odessa run in terror, one
thing that stands out, is the woman with the white umbrella. As the citizens run franticly down the
steps, the woman runs directly into the camera, by doing so, she creates her own cut in the clip. Next
he swiftly cuts to a extreme long shot showing a soldiers following the

Character Analysis Of Battleship Potemkin
Battleship Potemkin
The Battleship Potemkin is a film that shows the images of anguish and suffering, even though the
movie has no sound, one can understand the emotion and anguish behind the story. This film
showed how the sailors are being mistreated by the higher–ranking officers on the ship. The officers
take their anger out on the sailors in an abusive way and try to make them eat rotten food with
maggots in it. All the sailors start getting sick of the way they are being treated and decide to take a
stand, by refusing to eat the rotten food. This would induce an emotional response from the viewers,
because of the human suffering shown in the film, it can bring out feelings of anger from the
audience, as they have empathy for the sailors. The officers want to punish the sailors, by having the
ones who would not eat the soup to come forward, then they covered them with a tarp and ordered
the sailors who were not being insubordinate to shoot them. This part of the film conveyed a sense
of anxiety in the viewers as they knew this was wrong and unjust. The other sailors realized that it
was wrong to shoot their brothers and refused to shoot them, this caused a big fight among the
sailors and the officers. The sailors outnumbered the officers and threw them overboard and took
over the ship. During this scene, the viewer goes from anger and anxiety, to feelings of relief and
elation, although, it is short lived because the film goes returns to death, loss, and suffering.

Who Is Catherine The Great
Biography of Catherine the Great
One of the most interesting, hard–working and powerful people to grace the pages of history during
the eighteenth century was Catherine II, Empress of Russia. Historians have not always been so kind
to her memory, and all too often one reads accounts of her private life, ignoring her many
achievements. The stories of her love affairs have been overly misinterpreted and can be traced to a
handful of French writers in the years immediately after Catherine's death, when Republican France
was fighting for its life against a coalition that included Russia.
Catherine was born Sophia Augusta Frederika of Anhalt–Zerbst on April 21, 1729 in Stettin, then
Germany, now Poland. Her father, Prince Christian ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was at this time that Catherine, who had never felt more isolated, wrote: "I should have loved my
new husband, if only he had been willing or able to be in the least lovable. But in the first days of
my marriage, I made some cruel reflections about him. I said to myself: If you love this man, you
will be the most wretched creature on Earth. Watch your step, so far as affection for this gentleman
is concerned, think of yourself, Madame." The young couple settled down, but the marriage was a
miserable failure.
Catherine was disappointed with her marriage, but decided to stick it out and concentrate on
building herself a powerful group of allies. Catherine occupied herself with reading everything she
could lay her hands on. She discovered satisfaction in the works of Plato and Voltaire. Her interest in
the intellect caused an even greater distance between Peter and herself. The years passed and there
was still no heir in sight.
This of course irritated the Empress who wanted to secure a powerful dynasty, and could not do so
without the presence of a male heir. She thought it must be Catherine's fault because she was not
attracted to her husband. However, it was Peter that was not able to produce a male son, so Elizabeth
permitted an affair between Catherine and a Russian military officer named Serge Saltykov.
Catherine finally gave birth to a son, whom the Empress named Paul, on September 20, 1754. Peter
accepted it as his

The Potemkin Province Summary
Summary of The Potemkin Province In the article "The Potemkin Province," Daniel Frances points
out that British Columbia is a "Potemkin Province." It is shown to the world as a beautiful place
with unlimited resources to conceal the history of plunder and environmental humiliation. The
saying "Potemkin village" is used to describe a situation that hides an pleasant reality. Before
tourism began, visitors and colonists appreciated British Columbia only for its wealth in natural
resources. Dating back to the 1780's, British Columbia was mainly a resource for frontier. Otter skin
was the first material that quickly became limited due to fur trading by the local First Nations.
Newcomers had to look for other materials therefore whaling operations

How Did The Odessa Steps Sequence Influence The Theory Of...
Kal Bur
How did The Odessa Steps sequence influence the theory of montage in film?
The Battleship Potemkin, is a soviet film directed by Sergei Eisenstein in 1925. Sergei Eisenstein
was a brief student at The Kuleshov Workshop, which was a class run by Soviet filmmaker, Lev
Kuleshov at the
Moscow Film School. The school was established in 1919, and is the world's first film school.
The Kuleshov Workshop explored the effects of juxtaposition in film, and how sequential shots
convey a specific meaning. Kuleshov and his students analyzed many films for research, and one of
them in particular was the most influential film in Russia during 1916, Intolerance directed by D. W.
Griffith.
A whole year later in 1920, the Kuleshov effect was found, and its theory was to identify how the
order of images can change an audience's perception. 'Kuleshov discovered that depending on how
shots are assembled the audience will attach a specific meaning or emotion to it' (The Kuleshov
Experiment http://www.elementsofcinema.com/editing/kuleshov–effect, 2016). Alfred Hitchcock's
1960 film Psycho is an example of this trope, as the audience's comprehension of the shower scene
is predominantly psychological, and is determined by the ordering of images and sound, not the
actual content.
After the success of Sergei Eisenstein's first full length feature film, Strike in 1920, he was
commissioned by the Soviet government to make a film commemorating the historical uprising of
the revolution in 1905,

Fall Of Czar Nicholas II: Mutiny On The Russian Battleship...
fall of Czar Nicholas II. The next major event that occurred in 1905 was the mutiny on the Russian
battleship Potemkin. The sailors on the ship were already leading a life of servitude, backbreaking
work and little if much food to eat. On June 27, 1905 the enlisted men not willing to be abused
anymore and after being served maggot invested rancid meat mutinied against the officers of the
ship. After taking control of the ship the men would pilot the ship for eleven days as they sailed
from port to port in an attempt to find safe harbor. This mutiny soon spread out to other army and
navy units and by October 1905 more and more Russian workers were taking up the flag of
revolution and going on strike against the repressive rule of Czar Nicholas

Catherine The Great Essay
CATHERINE THE SECOND EMPRESS OF RUSSIA
ABSTRACT
Recognized worldwide as a noteworthy historical figure, Catherine the Great was one of the most
prominent rulers of Russia and a figure deserving of admiration. During her rule from 1762 to 1796
the Russian Empress Catherine II made such progress in political power that it is hard to find similar
examples in world history. Catherine II was Empress of Russia for more than 30 years and one of
the country's most influential rulers .
Keywords : Catherine II, Russia, Ruling, Empress
INTRODUCTION
Catherine the Great, known throughout the world as a worthy historical figure, was known as the
Empress of all the Russians. This remarkable woman was neither Russian nor originally named
Catherine .
Catherine consolidated power from the serfs and feudal lords by continuing the political reforms
started by Peter the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to display 250 paintings he bought from Europe in 1764, She built the Hermitage Museum
in St. Petersburg. This museum has become one of the oldest and largest museums of the world with
the contributions of the later tsars.
The second Catherine did not have any marriage during the her empress. However, many men have
had her love. Many of the lovers have brought the state to important positions. Gregory Potemkin
was one of the heroes of war against the Ottoman Empire.She rewarded her lovers with great
servants and numerous servants. Her son, Pavel Petrovich, was treated very badly and it is reported
that he had almost imprisoned a life of imprisonment.
CONCLUSION
Catherine died of a stroke in November 1796 at the age of sixty–seven.The second Catherine lasted
34 years long. In the year of his death in 1796, the throne remained for his son, who hated her.
Catherine's love affects the Russian treasure

Catherine The Great: One Of The Greatest Rulers In...
Catherine the Great In the midst of the Enlightenment of the 1700s emerged one of the greatest
rulers in European history: Catherine the Great. Before her reign, Russia was a sluggish country and
deemed behind in modernization compared to Western Europe. However, during Catherine's lifetime
from 1729 to 1796, this empress of Russia integrated new ideas that expanded her country in both
scope and size ("Catherine the Great"). As a strong supporter of the arts and education, Catherine
innovated Russia with Enlightenment teachings that allowed immense social progress and elevated
the standing of her country among European powers. Catherine the Great's personal qualities,
developed at a young age, enabled her major achievements to modernize Russia and forever position
it as a leading Western European nation.
Catherine's independence grew from a broken childhood. Born on May 2, 1729 in ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
She held the clear view that Russia needed more economic influence to be a stronger country. The
empress successfully increased Russia's expansive territory by acquiring part of the Black Sea,
allowing Russian ships to provide more trade. Furthermore, the Treaty of Jassy between Russia and
Turkey gave the former significant territory in the Black Sea and the Crimean Peninsula ("Catherine
the Great"). Catherine also believed that the Russian legal code was antiquated, and lacked fairness
and moral behavior by the government officials, creating instability within her empire. Her
document, Nakaz, a rewrite of Russia's legal laws, described an ideal government with
Enlightenment thinking. It was widely distributed across her country and caused commotion
because the ideas were way beyond the government at the time ("Catherine the Great"). The sole
purpose of Nakaz was to establish a modern government with more justice, which announced to
other European countries that Russia was rising to

Analysis Of Eisenstein And Vertov Are Two Filmmakers /...
Eisenstein and Vertov are two filmmakers/theorist that made films to illustrate and emphasize their
make the audience think about the film and social issues. In comparison, one of Vertov theories
In summary Eisenstein demonstrates his theory of conflict and intellectual montage in his films
October (1928) and The Battleship Potemkin (1925). Plus, both films get the audience to think about
life and society. In comparison Vertov displays his theories of movement to create montage and the
importance of the camera eye in his film The Man with the Movie Camera (1929) to illustrate
cinema as a whole and show the power of the camera eye. To conclude, both Eisenstein and Vertov
are able to effectively display their theories in film. Eisenstein theory about creating conflict
between shots is explicitly

The First Transition Era ( Thomas Edison 's Motion Picture...
From the early invention of Thomas Edison's motion picture camera, to the blending of sound with
pictures and to now day's big budget movies; Films have been evolving throughout the 20th century.
The main reason for the alteration was due to the rapid advancement in technology. One of the key
factors that shapes how we perceive a movie, is its sound. Just by changing the tempo and the
volume of score, a filmmaker can make viewers have better interpretation of the movie. Through the
course of time, music has been important in movies, even in silent films. Then, in the late 1920's, the
arrival of synchronized sound changed how movies were made forever. After the memorable
transition era (1930–1950), arose the Post–Studio–Era (1950–1980) were ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Due to not having the technology to sync video with dialogue sound together, the music played a
significant role in expressing the sailors; in the other words the sound of the film carried the story of
the movie. The score of the film caught the audience attention by its loud and aggressive sound. (in
the title scene, we hear loud marching sound). and the angry emotions of the sailors was portrayed.)
There was a lot of use of percussion instruments which created stress and tension to the silent
movie. Battleship Potemkin had a massacre scene which was called Odessa steps, where innocent
mothers and children were getting killed by the Russian soldiers; that scene had bold percussion
sound which came from the bass drums. Throughout the movie, the sound followed the actions of
the characters effectively. In battleship Potemkin Emotions of the characters like anger and
displeasure were expressed by the orchestral music. For example, in these scene (in the morning
scene, we see the displeasure that the sailors were feeling.) There was a change of sound when a
character alters their emotion or feeling. Even though, the sound of Battleship Potemkin didn't have
a dialogue, the movie still managed to create an ominous feeling by using loud live music and
effects. Silent film is a milestone in the evolution of film music.
After the silent movie era, the first words on screen was heard by using

The Enigma Of Russian Identity Essay
Russian identity is an enigma. From the scattered city–states of Kievan Rus to the downfall of the
Romanov dynasty, the history of Russia has been defined by various narratives. These narratives
come from multiple ethnic groups, religious groups, writers, and leaders, which can be illustrated as
the puzzle pieces that construct the enigma of Russian identity. Throughout the history of Russia
there too has been a push to centralize Russian identity through the principle of Russification.
Furthermore it was the push for these multiple narratives to assimilate into one narrative that was the
product of the Tsar. While Russification has taken various forms throughout history it has never
been successful in unifying a centralized Russian identity because the narrative of the Tsar has never
been static. Looking at the various forms of unification the autocrats take during the Enlightenment
Era, Napoleonic Era, and the Conservative Era, one can see the changing narratives of the autocrats
and their different definitions of a uniform Russian identity. The rule of the enlightened despot
Catherine II was defined by her call for a unified Russia around rationality, education, and the
romanticization of western values. As an enlightened despot, Catherine II desired to transform the
empire using the theories of the European Enlightenment Era. Theories authored by philosophes like
John Locke, Montesquieu and Voltaire, contested previous perceptions of an individual's role within

The Causes Of The Russian Revolution Of 1905
The Russian Revolution had happened for two years from 1904 to 1906. Before all of the revolution
of 1905 in Russia happened, problems since the years before 1905 triggered a long run of anger and
rage of the Russian citizens. The industrial workers were the biggest group that had received great
hardships and the biggest contributors to the Russian Revolution. They could not handle the very
low payment and long working hours, 14 hours in average, and soon ended up revolting and rising
riots and marches all around the Russian land. The conditions in Russia were horrible as well as
catastrophic that they were losing to Japan in the Russo–Japanese war. Russia was in control of one
superior power, which the Russians back then called the Tsar. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Petersburg. However, troops and police open fired, killed and wounded hundreds of the crowd. This
event, which happened in St. Petersburg, was known as the Bloody Sunday. The Bloody Sunday,
well–known event during the Russian Revolution of 1905, was the biggest cause and step that had
lead to the 1905 Revolution. All over the country, strikes rose with complains that people of Russia
do not have enough civil rights or liberties. Peasants attacked their landlords' homes and took over
their properties from flocks to lands. Large group of lawyers, doctors, students, engineers and other
middle–class citizens demanded constitutional assembly over autocracy and establishment of Union
of Unions. As the strikes were spreading all over Russia, one of the well–known strikes was the
Potemkin Munity. In June 1905, sailors of the Potemkin battleship were complaining about their
meat to be served rotten. Captains of the battleships were frightened that this action might lead to
bigger strikes and ordered the crews who had complaints to be killed. However, soldiers who were
ordered by the captains on the battleship refused the command and threw their captains overboard of
their ship and sailed all the way to Romania. In October 1905, large strikes rose in an action to block
the whole railway system of

Truthiness
Charles Seife capitalized on a pop culture motif when titling his 2010 book on ways numbers have
been expressed or manipulated to mislead voters and consumers. Truthiness, the 2006 Miriam–
Webster word of the year, has been on the books since the 1800s, but comedian Stephen Colbert
gave the word new meaning and a popularity it has never seen before when he defined it as "truthy
not facty". Colbert further explains truthiness as 'truth that wouldn't stand to be held back by facts'.
Proofiness, while building off of that theme, implies something even more sinister because it refers
to deliberate and purposefully misleading an audience through the use of deceptive numbers and
statistics. Unfortunately, Seife doesn't limit his inventive word formation to the title. He produces
more words and phrases that he has made up for the purpose of application to a particular numerical
fallacy that the he has observed. Examples include 'causistry', 'randumbness', 'disestimation', and '
Potemkin Numbers'. While Saife provides ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unfortunately, he never provided any evidence to support this claim that the reader could experience
the influence that numbers have for themselves as they read through the first chapter. This inclusion
would have made Seife's point clear, while also proving an impactful experience for the reader.
Unfortunately, Seife doesn't limit his inventive word formation to the title. He produces more words
and phrases that he has made up for the purpose of application to a particular numerical fallacy that
the he has observed. Examples include 'causistry', 'randumbness', 'disestimation', and ' Potemkin
Numbers'. While Saife provides a loose definition and multiple examples of each, this use of vague
terms and imprecise language makes it difficult for the reader to grasp the concept and usage of each
type of misleading

Analysis Of The Movie ' Battleship Potemkin '
Battleship Potemkin was a 1920's Russian Propaganda film that was used to inspire change, and an
uprising against the Tsarist government. During that time period in Russia there was an Revolution
for change and to the eventual rise of the Soviet Union. During this time they were several different
propaganda movies that some what inspired the Russian nation. Battleship Potemkin was one of
those and it was one of the more famous ones. After watching this film myself I will break down the
films propaganda ways. Near the beginning of the movie it showed how sailors daily lives were like
under the Tsarist control. For the sailors, life on Battleship Potemkin was very hard. They had the
ship captians treating the crew badly and hitting one sailor. Then it showed the sailor break down
and cry as the others watched feeling bad for him. At the same time a sailor named Vakulinchuk
talked of uprising and going arms. That all the sailors should have honor and repsect, as the other
sailors watched they smiled and nodded their heads in agreement. After that scene it showed the
sailors gathering around the meat carcasses ready to cook and eat. But the sailors noticed that the
meat was covered in maggots and rotten. Lead by Vakulinchuk they started a boycott instead of an
uprising. The ship leaders were watching this unfold and had their doctor monitor the carcasses and
said it was ok to eat. The Caption had a grin on his face and smiled during that scene. After
watching those scenes it

Essay on Tsar After 1905
Tsar After 1905
It would be true to say that the Tsar remained unscathed after 1905, as he remained on the throne
until 1917. However, it would also be true to say that the Tsar was permanently damaged by the
1905 revolution.
Before 1905, there was much unrest and discontent. Famines in 1897, 1898 and 1901, made the
already struggling countryside even worse, and the usually loyal peasantry held uprisings in two
provinces in 1902. The Russo–Japanese war caused further unrest following a series of defeats,
including that of Port Arthur. This caused revolutionary outbreaks to spread rapidly throughout
Russia and gave way for various Liberal groups to press for their demands for a ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nicolas II was forced to make concessions. He would never fully recover from this event as
Revolutionaries saw this as an example where violence achieved aims. On 3rd March1905, the Tsar
offered a consultative assembly to try and bring an end to the violence.
The rest of 1905 continued in a similar way. Defeats in Japan caused further outrage in Russia,
which caused the Tsar to make further concessions. For example; the Battle of Tsushima on the 27th
May, (where the Russian Baltic fleet were destroyed), lead to a disorder of widespread strikes in
June and August, which lead to the Tsar promising an Imperial Duma on the 19th August.
The formation of the Union of Unions on the 8th March was significant, as the middle classes and
peasants formed new opposition to the Tsar. This affected the Tsar long–term as never before had
these groups opposed him. Nicholas II was forced to introduce new measures to regain the support
of these people.
Further defeats at Mukden and Tsushima meant that the Tsar was in danger of loosing more support.
His repeated pledges of March were ridiculed as no plans were put into action and further protests
continued.
During the summer, the Tsar's position worsened as his own troops turned against him. Several ships
went on strike due to poor conditions and in June,

The Emergence Of The Film Industry
The emergence of the film industry was a momentous occasion for mass entertainment, and world
culture in general. For the first time in human history, visual experience could be shared and – most
importantly – sold to the general public. Cinema changed society as much as society influenced
cinema. Paramount amidst this radical change in entertainment was the American film industry:
Hollywood. The factors that contributed to Hollywood's socio–economic and cultural influence
around the globe deeply relate to the socioeconomic and political situation of the world during the
early 20th century. In this essay, I will attempt to identify some of the issues that affected and were
affected by the rise of the film industry in the United States.
In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hollywood was quick to capitalize on the popular appeal of particular actors, by publicizing their
stars as a certain type. This phenomenon gave rise to the typecasting of popular actors into the same
role. In this case, film only followed the previous example of traditional theater, where the star
power of famous actors would carry a production. The familiarity of audiences with actors
contributed to the popularity of Hollywood films both home and overseas.
First and foremost, Hollywood operated like the big businesses created at the beginning of the 20th
century. Just as Henry Ford revolutionized the car industry by mass producing the Model T, the
studio system perfected the formula for massive hits. After a brief period of experimentation,
Hollywood figured out the elements that constituted an audience favorite; they then proceeded to
extract as much value as possible before audiences got exhausted of the repetitiveness. It must be
noted that Hollywood did not offer a plethora of identical pictures, but a model which could be
modified by directors, actors, and – especially during this period – producers. What the
standardization of narrative did produce, however, was a set of pre–formed expectations that
audiences carried to the movie theater. Any deviation from those norms triggered a certain
disappointment among the movie–going public – or at least that was the

Catherine The Great Russia With An Iron Fist
Meyer 1 Hayley Meyer Mrs. Corley History 7 9 May 2017 Catherine the Great Catherine the Great
ruled Russia with an iron fist, she knew the secrets of how to gain the love of her people and how to
please the nobles of her land. Catherine was able to get away treason and murder and still keep her
crown. She learned the delicate art of deception at a very young age. Catherine II, or Catherine the
Great as she is more often called, was born on May 2, 1729 in Stettin, Prussia, she became the
Russian empress in 1762. Catherine obtained the throne by conspiring a plan to overthrow her
husband King Peter III. Under her reign, she organized ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Elizabeth persisted in having Catherine go on numerous bloodletting treatments, while Johanna was
against the procedure. As Catherine recovered, the relationship between her and Grand Duke Peter
grew. The couple soon became engaged and Catherine even converted to the Russian Orthodox
faith. With her new religion, she also received a new name, Yekaterina or Catherine. On August 21,
1745, Catherine II was married to Grand Duke Peter, and became a grand duchess of the Russian
royal family. To the public eye she and Peter proved to be a happy couple, but Peter was childish
and unsophisticated. Her husband would rather play with toy soldiers and mistresses, than spend
time with his wife. With so much time on her hands, Catherine took up many pastimes such as
reading. Since Catherine and Peter had a distance relationship, they didn't have children until nine
years after they were married. Although, on September 20, 1754 she gave birth to her first birth son,
Paul. The legitimacy of the child was called into question by a few scholar who believe the father of
the child is Sergi Saltykov, a Russian noble and member of the court. Others protested that Paul
resembled Peter, leading them to believe he was the father. During Paul's childhood, Catherine got
to spend very little time with him as Elizabeth took over raising him. When Empress Elizabeth died
on December 25,1761, Catherine's husband took the throne,

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