The document discusses three trends influencing agricultural trade for Nebraska, the US, and the EU:
1. The composition of world agricultural trade has shifted from bulk commodities to more consumer-oriented goods.
2. Regional trade agreements have increased regional agricultural trade, particularly with North America and Asia for the US and Asia for the EU.
3. Asia, led by China and India, now accounts for a growing share of the global economy and trade, including agricultural trade.
1) The document discusses global food security and agricultural productivity trends from 1950-2050.
2) It notes that from 1950-2000, called the "Age of Abundance", global food supply grew faster than demand, keeping prices low due to steady productivity gains.
3) Looking ahead to 2050, it estimates global food demand will need to increase 1.3% annually, and questions whether productivity can continue growing fast enough to meet this demand sustainably.
Use of Micro and Macro Frameworks in Estimating
Poverty Implications of Changes in Food Prices
Presented by Maros Ivanic at the AGRODEP Workshop on Analytical Tools for Food Prices and Price Volatility
June 6-7, 2011 • Dakar, Senegal
For more information on the workshop or to see the latest version of this presentation visit: http://www.agrodep.org/first-annual-workshop
Relationship between coup and economics in thailand翔輝 小林
The document analyzes the relationship between coups and economics in Thailand by examining three coups: in the 1970s, 1991, and 2006. It finds that:
1) The 1970s coup was influenced by economic factors like rising rice prices and consumer inflation sparking public frustration.
2) The 1991 coup was not impacted by economic performance and instead related to political dynamics within the military.
3) Coup dynamics changed between the 1970s and 1991 - the earlier one correlated with economics while the later was a political power struggle unrelated to economic indicators.
Food Security in the 21st Century: Actions for Better Governance, Market Fun...Joachim von Braun
This document discusses challenges to global food security in the 21st century. It identifies short-term challenges like poverty, population growth, and limited resources, as well as long-term challenges such as climate change and increasing competition for land and water. Productivity growth in agriculture is declining while global demand for food and biofuels is rising. Effective governance and policy reform are needed to balance food, energy, and political security to ensure food access for all.
Using Social Media to Develop and Launch Differentiated Products by Dave Eric...ProductCamp SoCal
How to use Social Media to determine how potential customers see the features of currently available products, and what features they would like a new product to have. We will discuss which media works best for what, and how to get validation for a product feature idea, without putting too much information out there. Then we will discuss how to use the same Social Media channels to launch the new products when they are ready for the market.
The document discusses ways for companies to create products that customers want to buy. It recommends using newer research methods like user testing sites, checking analytics to understand customer behavior, empowering employees, listening to social media, communicating with customers, offering beta versions of products, selling products before launch through popup stores, and repeating the customer feedback cycle. The presentation is given by Branding Personality on how to understand customer wants and needs.
Essential Tools for Product Managers and Marketers by Jesse GantProductCamp SoCal
We had fun with this last year. Let's revisit and update the tools and resources that every Product Manager and Marketer should use or at least know about. Come ready to contribute!
What will get you top dollar? What do hiring and HR managers look at? Education, skill-set, title or past companies? Let's breakdown actual titles, salaries, bonus structures, stock options, etc. from entry level positions all the way up to VP and Chief roles. Then we'll wrap up additional skills that are attractive in today's market and how to get them! As always, come ready to contribute.
1) The document discusses global food security and agricultural productivity trends from 1950-2050.
2) It notes that from 1950-2000, called the "Age of Abundance", global food supply grew faster than demand, keeping prices low due to steady productivity gains.
3) Looking ahead to 2050, it estimates global food demand will need to increase 1.3% annually, and questions whether productivity can continue growing fast enough to meet this demand sustainably.
Use of Micro and Macro Frameworks in Estimating
Poverty Implications of Changes in Food Prices
Presented by Maros Ivanic at the AGRODEP Workshop on Analytical Tools for Food Prices and Price Volatility
June 6-7, 2011 • Dakar, Senegal
For more information on the workshop or to see the latest version of this presentation visit: http://www.agrodep.org/first-annual-workshop
Relationship between coup and economics in thailand翔輝 小林
The document analyzes the relationship between coups and economics in Thailand by examining three coups: in the 1970s, 1991, and 2006. It finds that:
1) The 1970s coup was influenced by economic factors like rising rice prices and consumer inflation sparking public frustration.
2) The 1991 coup was not impacted by economic performance and instead related to political dynamics within the military.
3) Coup dynamics changed between the 1970s and 1991 - the earlier one correlated with economics while the later was a political power struggle unrelated to economic indicators.
Food Security in the 21st Century: Actions for Better Governance, Market Fun...Joachim von Braun
This document discusses challenges to global food security in the 21st century. It identifies short-term challenges like poverty, population growth, and limited resources, as well as long-term challenges such as climate change and increasing competition for land and water. Productivity growth in agriculture is declining while global demand for food and biofuels is rising. Effective governance and policy reform are needed to balance food, energy, and political security to ensure food access for all.
Using Social Media to Develop and Launch Differentiated Products by Dave Eric...ProductCamp SoCal
How to use Social Media to determine how potential customers see the features of currently available products, and what features they would like a new product to have. We will discuss which media works best for what, and how to get validation for a product feature idea, without putting too much information out there. Then we will discuss how to use the same Social Media channels to launch the new products when they are ready for the market.
The document discusses ways for companies to create products that customers want to buy. It recommends using newer research methods like user testing sites, checking analytics to understand customer behavior, empowering employees, listening to social media, communicating with customers, offering beta versions of products, selling products before launch through popup stores, and repeating the customer feedback cycle. The presentation is given by Branding Personality on how to understand customer wants and needs.
Essential Tools for Product Managers and Marketers by Jesse GantProductCamp SoCal
We had fun with this last year. Let's revisit and update the tools and resources that every Product Manager and Marketer should use or at least know about. Come ready to contribute!
What will get you top dollar? What do hiring and HR managers look at? Education, skill-set, title or past companies? Let's breakdown actual titles, salaries, bonus structures, stock options, etc. from entry level positions all the way up to VP and Chief roles. Then we'll wrap up additional skills that are attractive in today's market and how to get them! As always, come ready to contribute.
This document summarizes a lecture on development strategies for inclusive growth in developing Asia. The lecture argues that adopting a development strategy aligned with a country's comparative advantages based on its resource endowments is key to sustained growth and poverty reduction. However, many developing countries pursued strategies that defied their comparative advantages by prioritizing capital-intensive industries. This made firms in priority sectors nonviable and led to distortions and poor economic and social outcomes. An alternative is a strategy that facilitates industrial development along comparative advantages, but transitioning strategies requires addressing distortions caused by prior nonviable policies.
Jerzy Plewa, Deputy Director General for International Affairs, DG Agriculture and Rural Development
14th May 2008, Royal Museum for Central Africa in Tervuren, Belgium
This document summarizes key points about food market transformation and food security in Asia, with a focus on China and India. It discusses the four "legs" of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. It also examines the rapid urbanization, economic growth, and integration occurring in Asian countries through foreign direct investment and trade. Key trends include the rising importance of non-rice foods, food processing, supermarkets, and intra-Asian trade. Data on GDP growth, poverty rates, rice yields, and more are presented to compare food security indicators in China and India. The challenges of feeding the growing populations in these "Dragon and Elephant" economies are also addressed.
Inflation is picking up globally due to rising oil and commodity prices and increased capacity utilization. As a result, central banks like the Fed have been raising interest rates since 2004. Long-term interest rates are also rising in both the US and eurozone. However, inflation remains muted compared to history, possibly due to large shifts in the global economy including the massive offshoring of industry to emerging markets and an unprecedented rise in the world's active workforce. Two other major trends - population aging in developed nations and China's productivity gains - are also reshaping the global economy and financial system in ways that could keep inflation and interest rates lower than in the past.
This document provides information on estimates of economic activity and GDP for regions and the world from 1950-2001. It discusses the data sources used, including time series on population from the US Census Bureau and estimates of GDP volume movements for 179 countries based on official national accounts. Proxies were needed for some smaller countries with less data. The estimates aim to make GDP figures comparable across countries and provide a comprehensive view of the global economy over the past 50 years.
The first SIANI expert group meeting on China’s global land-investments was held at the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) in Stockholm, on 18 October 2011. This report provides a brief summary of the content of discussion and a brief re-cap of the purpose of the expert group. It is primarily intended to “re-fresh” the memory of those that participated, and to give an indication to those that could not participate of what topics were discussed.
Here, you may also download the presentations by Marie Olsson and Kerstin Greppert.
The document contains various charts and graphs depicting economic and social trends in the United States from 1870 to 2010, including real GDP per capita, life expectancy, the elderly population, divorce and unmarried birth rates, and deaths from major diseases. It shows that real GDP per capita has increased dramatically over time from around $5,000 in 1870 to over $45,000 by 2010. Several charts illustrate improvements in life expectancy, decreases in death rates from diseases like tuberculosis and influenza, and changes in family structure such as rising divorce and unmarried birth rates.
Globalization,Rural Sector Transformation, and PovertyJoachim von Braun
This document discusses the effects of globalization on poverty and rural transformation. It provides an overview and conceptual framework for assessing the links between globalization and poverty. The key drivers of globalization are identified as markets and trade, investment and capital flows, and information and innovation. The document examines how these drivers impact poverty and rural economies through increased trade, foreign direct investment, technology adoption, and information access. The summary concludes that while globalization can reduce poverty through economic growth, the impacts are mixed and both winners and losers exist at the household level depending on ability to participate in new opportunities.
The document compares economic data between the United States and China and discusses their economic interdependence. It notes that China has a large population and lower GDP per capita than the US, but has experienced much higher growth rates. Both countries are each other's largest trading partners. While China is often accused of unfair trade practices that cost US jobs, increased trade has also lifted hundreds of millions of Chinese out of poverty and the US remains China's largest export market.
New Dynamics and Trajectories of Agrarian Change in Bolivia: The Soy Complex ...UNDP Policy Centre
This document summarizes the history of agrarian change in Bolivia since the 1950s agrarian reform. It describes how the country has shifted from small-scale subsistence farming to large-scale industrial agriculture focused on soy production for export markets. This has led to the displacement of many small farmers and increased rural poverty and inequality. The expansion of the soy industry has also contributed significantly to deforestation.
The document discusses India's involvement with the World Trade Organization and provides economic and social indicators for India from 1950-2009. It summarizes India's growing imports and exports over time. The document also analyzes articles related to India granting Most Favored Nation status to Pakistan and the implications of increased trade between the two countries. Key concerns discussed include India's dominant economic position in South Asia and the vulnerability of some Pakistani industries to cheaper Indian imports. The document concludes by noting India's interest in access to trade routes through Pakistan to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
The document provides information on several topics related to economics and business in South Korea:
1) It discusses South Korea's transition from a poor agricultural economy in the 1960s to rapid industrialization and economic growth under President Park Chung-hee's five-year plans. This included developing industries like steel, shipbuilding, and electronics.
2) It outlines the challenges Korea faced in obtaining capital and technology from abroad to fund development while maintaining trade deficits. Loans from countries like Japan and revenues from the Vietnam War helped enable growth.
3) Statistics show Korea's GDP and GDP per capita increasing dramatically from the 1960s to 1990s, transforming it from a poor to middle income country and global manufacturing hub.
This document discusses challenges facing Europe related to innovation, globalization, and sustainability. It finds that Europe lags behind the US and Asia in key innovation indicators like R&D spending and patents. Financial globalization has weakened policy control for states and global trade balances constrain domestic growth rates. Growing inequality and loss of manufacturing jobs in Europe and the US are partly due to these trends. The document outlines policy options for Europe including boosting innovation through mission-oriented programs, strengthening industrial policy, taxing financial rents, and managing trade to shield against the negative effects of unrestrained globalization.
Robert Johansson
SPECIAL EVENT
Discussion on the Key Findings of FAO’s 2019 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report
Co-Organized by FAO North America and IFPRI
JUL 18, 2019 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
Evolution: Economic and Agriculture Development in sub-Saharan AfricaNovus International
This document summarizes key points about economic and agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa. It discusses how agriculture is critical to growth, poverty reduction, and food security in SSA. However, adopting agricultural policies designed for mature economies could hinder development. Instead, policies need to be tailored to each country or region's current economic and infrastructure conditions. The document then examines important policy categories for SSA, including import policy, supporting small farmers, agriculture education/R&D, best practices, and adapting to climate change. It provides context on SSA's population trends, challenges, and opportunities for growth through developing domestic and regional markets.
1) Pulses production in India has seen four distinct phases from pre-green revolution to the current post-trade spike period. Government schemes have aimed to boost production but India remains a major importer.
2) Chickpea and pigeonpea are the major pulses crops in India. Analysis found high yield instability and gaps between actual and potential yields for both crops.
3) Determinants of area allocation found pulses compete with cereals and irrigation negatively impacts pulses area. Regional specialization and geographical continuity in production were also observed.
The evolution of mauritian agriculture till 1990Anusha Babooa
The evolution of Mauritian agriculture can be divided into four periods: the Portuguese/Dutch period starting in 1507, the French period beginning in 1715 which established sugarcane as the main crop, the British period from 1810-1968 which saw sugarcane production and the sugar industry greatly increase through incentives and improved technology, and the post-independence period from 1968-1990 where sugarcane/sugar remained the dominant crop/export but declined in economic importance as the country diversified into textiles, tourism, and financial services.
Interesting slides on social & macroeconomicsBruno Gremez
Compilation of Slides from Thomas Picketty, French Economist whose work focuses on wealth and income inequality. He argues a.o. that rates of return on capital in developed countries are persistently greater than economic growth rates, which results in increasing inequalities.
Women in Ag 2012 - Living in a Checklist Worldjillbrown14
The document provides tips and suggestions for organizing one's home and decluttering using checklists and goal setting. Some of the tips include starting small by sorting items into trash, donate, and save piles; using post-it notes, plastic hangers, and ring punches to organize items; tackling clothing by drawer; and getting creative by using common household items in new organizing ways. The overall message is that setting goals and making lists can help one feel accomplished in decluttering and maintaining an organized home.
This document discusses changing farm policies and goals in the US, including a shift from supply control and price supports to income support and risk management. It provides details on past and current farm bill programs, such as Direct Payments, ACRE, and crop insurance. Graphs show how programs like DCP, ACRE, and crop insurance have provided price and revenue protections for farmers at different levels from individual farms to national. The document advocates for managing farm risk through a portfolio of safety net programs.
This document summarizes a lecture on development strategies for inclusive growth in developing Asia. The lecture argues that adopting a development strategy aligned with a country's comparative advantages based on its resource endowments is key to sustained growth and poverty reduction. However, many developing countries pursued strategies that defied their comparative advantages by prioritizing capital-intensive industries. This made firms in priority sectors nonviable and led to distortions and poor economic and social outcomes. An alternative is a strategy that facilitates industrial development along comparative advantages, but transitioning strategies requires addressing distortions caused by prior nonviable policies.
Jerzy Plewa, Deputy Director General for International Affairs, DG Agriculture and Rural Development
14th May 2008, Royal Museum for Central Africa in Tervuren, Belgium
This document summarizes key points about food market transformation and food security in Asia, with a focus on China and India. It discusses the four "legs" of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. It also examines the rapid urbanization, economic growth, and integration occurring in Asian countries through foreign direct investment and trade. Key trends include the rising importance of non-rice foods, food processing, supermarkets, and intra-Asian trade. Data on GDP growth, poverty rates, rice yields, and more are presented to compare food security indicators in China and India. The challenges of feeding the growing populations in these "Dragon and Elephant" economies are also addressed.
Inflation is picking up globally due to rising oil and commodity prices and increased capacity utilization. As a result, central banks like the Fed have been raising interest rates since 2004. Long-term interest rates are also rising in both the US and eurozone. However, inflation remains muted compared to history, possibly due to large shifts in the global economy including the massive offshoring of industry to emerging markets and an unprecedented rise in the world's active workforce. Two other major trends - population aging in developed nations and China's productivity gains - are also reshaping the global economy and financial system in ways that could keep inflation and interest rates lower than in the past.
This document provides information on estimates of economic activity and GDP for regions and the world from 1950-2001. It discusses the data sources used, including time series on population from the US Census Bureau and estimates of GDP volume movements for 179 countries based on official national accounts. Proxies were needed for some smaller countries with less data. The estimates aim to make GDP figures comparable across countries and provide a comprehensive view of the global economy over the past 50 years.
The first SIANI expert group meeting on China’s global land-investments was held at the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) in Stockholm, on 18 October 2011. This report provides a brief summary of the content of discussion and a brief re-cap of the purpose of the expert group. It is primarily intended to “re-fresh” the memory of those that participated, and to give an indication to those that could not participate of what topics were discussed.
Here, you may also download the presentations by Marie Olsson and Kerstin Greppert.
The document contains various charts and graphs depicting economic and social trends in the United States from 1870 to 2010, including real GDP per capita, life expectancy, the elderly population, divorce and unmarried birth rates, and deaths from major diseases. It shows that real GDP per capita has increased dramatically over time from around $5,000 in 1870 to over $45,000 by 2010. Several charts illustrate improvements in life expectancy, decreases in death rates from diseases like tuberculosis and influenza, and changes in family structure such as rising divorce and unmarried birth rates.
Globalization,Rural Sector Transformation, and PovertyJoachim von Braun
This document discusses the effects of globalization on poverty and rural transformation. It provides an overview and conceptual framework for assessing the links between globalization and poverty. The key drivers of globalization are identified as markets and trade, investment and capital flows, and information and innovation. The document examines how these drivers impact poverty and rural economies through increased trade, foreign direct investment, technology adoption, and information access. The summary concludes that while globalization can reduce poverty through economic growth, the impacts are mixed and both winners and losers exist at the household level depending on ability to participate in new opportunities.
The document compares economic data between the United States and China and discusses their economic interdependence. It notes that China has a large population and lower GDP per capita than the US, but has experienced much higher growth rates. Both countries are each other's largest trading partners. While China is often accused of unfair trade practices that cost US jobs, increased trade has also lifted hundreds of millions of Chinese out of poverty and the US remains China's largest export market.
New Dynamics and Trajectories of Agrarian Change in Bolivia: The Soy Complex ...UNDP Policy Centre
This document summarizes the history of agrarian change in Bolivia since the 1950s agrarian reform. It describes how the country has shifted from small-scale subsistence farming to large-scale industrial agriculture focused on soy production for export markets. This has led to the displacement of many small farmers and increased rural poverty and inequality. The expansion of the soy industry has also contributed significantly to deforestation.
The document discusses India's involvement with the World Trade Organization and provides economic and social indicators for India from 1950-2009. It summarizes India's growing imports and exports over time. The document also analyzes articles related to India granting Most Favored Nation status to Pakistan and the implications of increased trade between the two countries. Key concerns discussed include India's dominant economic position in South Asia and the vulnerability of some Pakistani industries to cheaper Indian imports. The document concludes by noting India's interest in access to trade routes through Pakistan to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
The document provides information on several topics related to economics and business in South Korea:
1) It discusses South Korea's transition from a poor agricultural economy in the 1960s to rapid industrialization and economic growth under President Park Chung-hee's five-year plans. This included developing industries like steel, shipbuilding, and electronics.
2) It outlines the challenges Korea faced in obtaining capital and technology from abroad to fund development while maintaining trade deficits. Loans from countries like Japan and revenues from the Vietnam War helped enable growth.
3) Statistics show Korea's GDP and GDP per capita increasing dramatically from the 1960s to 1990s, transforming it from a poor to middle income country and global manufacturing hub.
This document discusses challenges facing Europe related to innovation, globalization, and sustainability. It finds that Europe lags behind the US and Asia in key innovation indicators like R&D spending and patents. Financial globalization has weakened policy control for states and global trade balances constrain domestic growth rates. Growing inequality and loss of manufacturing jobs in Europe and the US are partly due to these trends. The document outlines policy options for Europe including boosting innovation through mission-oriented programs, strengthening industrial policy, taxing financial rents, and managing trade to shield against the negative effects of unrestrained globalization.
Robert Johansson
SPECIAL EVENT
Discussion on the Key Findings of FAO’s 2019 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report
Co-Organized by FAO North America and IFPRI
JUL 18, 2019 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
Evolution: Economic and Agriculture Development in sub-Saharan AfricaNovus International
This document summarizes key points about economic and agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa. It discusses how agriculture is critical to growth, poverty reduction, and food security in SSA. However, adopting agricultural policies designed for mature economies could hinder development. Instead, policies need to be tailored to each country or region's current economic and infrastructure conditions. The document then examines important policy categories for SSA, including import policy, supporting small farmers, agriculture education/R&D, best practices, and adapting to climate change. It provides context on SSA's population trends, challenges, and opportunities for growth through developing domestic and regional markets.
1) Pulses production in India has seen four distinct phases from pre-green revolution to the current post-trade spike period. Government schemes have aimed to boost production but India remains a major importer.
2) Chickpea and pigeonpea are the major pulses crops in India. Analysis found high yield instability and gaps between actual and potential yields for both crops.
3) Determinants of area allocation found pulses compete with cereals and irrigation negatively impacts pulses area. Regional specialization and geographical continuity in production were also observed.
The evolution of mauritian agriculture till 1990Anusha Babooa
The evolution of Mauritian agriculture can be divided into four periods: the Portuguese/Dutch period starting in 1507, the French period beginning in 1715 which established sugarcane as the main crop, the British period from 1810-1968 which saw sugarcane production and the sugar industry greatly increase through incentives and improved technology, and the post-independence period from 1968-1990 where sugarcane/sugar remained the dominant crop/export but declined in economic importance as the country diversified into textiles, tourism, and financial services.
Interesting slides on social & macroeconomicsBruno Gremez
Compilation of Slides from Thomas Picketty, French Economist whose work focuses on wealth and income inequality. He argues a.o. that rates of return on capital in developed countries are persistently greater than economic growth rates, which results in increasing inequalities.
Women in Ag 2012 - Living in a Checklist Worldjillbrown14
The document provides tips and suggestions for organizing one's home and decluttering using checklists and goal setting. Some of the tips include starting small by sorting items into trash, donate, and save piles; using post-it notes, plastic hangers, and ring punches to organize items; tackling clothing by drawer; and getting creative by using common household items in new organizing ways. The overall message is that setting goals and making lists can help one feel accomplished in decluttering and maintaining an organized home.
This document discusses changing farm policies and goals in the US, including a shift from supply control and price supports to income support and risk management. It provides details on past and current farm bill programs, such as Direct Payments, ACRE, and crop insurance. Graphs show how programs like DCP, ACRE, and crop insurance have provided price and revenue protections for farmers at different levels from individual farms to national. The document advocates for managing farm risk through a portfolio of safety net programs.
- Producer decisions around input use and technology depend on prices, price variability, and policies. Policy changes include greater water trading, limited allocations, and subsidies for precision irrigation.
- Higher energy prices could increase or decrease total water use depending on impacts to biofuel production, pumping costs, and conveyance costs. Water trading allows farmers to adopt conservation technologies by selling unused water.
- Estimates show a 100% water price increase could reduce applied water by 38-54% by changing crops or irrigation methods. Current research examines risk, production decisions, and groundwater trading program design.
This document discusses the impacts of US biofuel development on agriculture and food security. It notes that federal policies like subsidies and renewable fuel standards have driven biofuel growth. While biofuels reduce dependence on foreign oil, the rapid expansion of the ethanol industry has increased corn prices and decreased exports. In the long run, as population grows and yield gains slow, meeting increasing global demand for food and fuel will be challenging without rising food prices and threats to global food security.
The document discusses using 3D projection technology to study muscle anatomy. It provides background on the history of 3D projection, from the 1950s golden era to the modern 3D theater renaissance. CT scans were used to scan beef and pork carcasses in increments, and 3D modeling software was used to isolate individual muscles as 3D objects with texture maps based on photographs. This allowed for interactive 3D visualizations and animations of muscle structures to enhance anatomical education.
This document discusses new cuts of beef that add value through a scientific approach. It is divided into three parts. Part 1 defines the problem of certain beef cuts like chuck and round being undervalued. Part 2 discusses gathering detailed information on muscles through profiling over 5,600 muscles across various quality and yield grades. Part 3 applies the results to create new cuts from the chuck and round like flat iron steaks, petite tenders and ranch steaks that increased the value of live cattle by $50-70 per head, totaling $1.3-1.7 billion annually for the beef industry. The new cuts also increased or maintained consumer demand and changed how beef is cut in the United States.
Beef cattle are essential in the current discussion around food and fuel for three key reasons:
1) Cattle are able to utilize byproducts from ethanol production such as distillers grains, which allows the fuel and food industries to complement each other.
2) Using distillers grains in cattle feed reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to gasoline and improves the sustainability of the overall food and fuel system.
3) Cattle provide an important outlet for the large volumes of distillers grains produced from ethanol plants, helping the fuel industry maintain economic viability.
1) Nebraska's beef industry is a major economic driver, employing 1 in 3 Nebraskans and accounting for 48% of the state's $15 billion agricultural industry.
2) The University of Nebraska-Lincoln has extensive beef research and extension programs across multiple research stations focused on developing sustainable beef systems.
3) UNL research aims to develop systems that allow cattle to harvest forages through grazing and require minimal harvested feeds, while still producing high quality, lean beef products efficiently.
The Nebraska Gateway for Nutrigenomics aims to:
1) Conduct research on the interactions between nutrition and genes to prevent disease.
2) Develop a workforce in nutrigenomics through a pre-doctoral training program.
3) Promote healthy lifestyles by devising prevention strategies for diseases like cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
The UNL Gut Function Initiative studies the complex ecosystem of the vertebrate gut. It aims to understand how host tissues, microbiota, diet, and other factors influence gut health and disease. Key areas of focus include identifying microbes that promote gut health, studying host-microbe interactions, and using quantitative genetics to find host genes that control gut microbiota composition. Findings could translate to developing prebiotics, anti-microbials, and markers for selective breeding to improve animal agriculture and human health. A current project examines if genetic predisposition affects E. coli colonization in cattle.
This document discusses future innovations in biotechnology that could improve crop yields and discusses regulatory hurdles that slow their development. It outlines technologies like modifying cell walls for biofuels, introducing traits like nitrogen fixation, and developing biosensors in plants. However, the current regulatory system in the US takes 10+ years and $20M to approve each technology. This excludes public researchers and limits realizing benefits. The document calls for new strategies to sustainably increase production through approaches like adapting crops to harsh environments, engineering nutrition, and exploiting natural sensing mechanisms.
Input traits developed through biotechnology primarily benefit farmers through improved crop production and reduced costs, while output traits aim to benefit processors and consumers by improving the quality of food and feed products. Most commercially grown biotech crops contain input traits like insect or herbicide resistance. Very few output traits providing consumer benefits, like enhanced nutrition, have been approved. Developing output traits for crops in developing countries could help address malnutrition if combined with input traits for improved production, processing, and distribution. Golden rice is an example of a biotech crop developed to address vitamin A deficiency through enhanced nutrition.
The Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research (NCESR) was established in 2006 through a collaboration between the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Nebraska Public Power District. Its mission is to conduct energy research that produces new technologies to provide enhanced and sustainable energy sources. NCESR provides seed grants for UNL faculty to pursue innovative energy research. To date, it has funded over 50 research projects covering areas like hydrogen production from wind and nuclear sources, passive solar building cooling, wind turbine maintenance optimization, and solar cell manufacturing methods.
The USDA-Agricultural Research Service has research units in Lincoln, Nebraska that collaborate closely with the University of Nebraska. The Grain, Forage and Bioenergy Research Unit focuses on improved management practices and plant materials for forages and bioenergy crops like switchgrass. Some of their major objectives include developing sustainable production systems for switchgrass and other perennial grasses for biomass energy. They receive external funding from sources like the DOE and NIFA to support research projects on switchgrass breeding, management practices, and insect resistance.
This document discusses the potential for bioenergy systems and sustainable agricultural landscapes to work together. It notes that agriculture plays a key role in several of humanity's top problems over the next 50 years, including energy, water, food, environment and poverty. The document then provides examples from Brazil's sugarcane ethanol industry to illustrate how bioenergy production can integrate with food systems at the landscape level to increase farmers' incomes while improving environmental impacts. It argues that future research should focus on complementarity across bioenergy sources and expertise to make progress towards a low carbon economy.
The document discusses the potential for algae to address future food, energy, and water needs. It notes that algae have extremely high productivity, can photosynthesize and sequester carbon dioxide, do not compete with food crops for land, can grow in wastewater and help treat it, and their use represents an opportunity to create value-added products. However, algae biofuels are not yet economically viable and major technological breakthroughs are still required. The document also outlines research at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln investigating algal genes and pathways involved in lipid production, as well as new genome editing techniques like TALEN that could help optimize algae strains.
This document discusses global challenges around food, energy, and natural resource security. It provides an overview of agriculture and natural resources in Nebraska, highlighting the state's role in food, fuel, and water security. The University of Nebraska is working to address these challenges through research, education, and technology development related to sustainable agriculture and water management. Key areas of focus include increasing crop yields and water use efficiency, drought mitigation, groundwater management, and plant breeding.
This document summarizes a project to test sustainable energy options for rural Nebraska. The objectives are to document the long-term performance of small wind turbines and solar cells, as well as test an ethanol-fueled engine. Data collected includes energy production at different wind speeds and solar intensities, maintenance costs, power quality, and more. The goals are to provide information and learning opportunities about sustainable energy technologies for Nebraska audiences. Testing occurs at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln's Sustainable Energy Testing Facility.
This document discusses food policy and international markets. It notes changes in the agri-food system including a move from commodities to differentiated products due to changes in consumer preferences, technological progress, global competition, and decreased government support for agriculture. Examples of new products include genetically modified, organic, sustainable, natural, rBST-free, and cage-free products. Certification and labeling are critical for product differentiation, consumer decisions, and capturing price premiums. Labeling policy is also important for research and development and market access. Labeling of genetically modified products is highly controversial with different policies between regions. Food policy research at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln examines various related issues.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
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Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
19 wes peterson
1. International Trade: What Happens in
China Doesn’t Stay in China
Transatlantic Conference on Food and Fuels
October 16-18, 2011
E. Wesley F. Peterson
Department of Agricultural Economics
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
2. Agricultural trade is important for
producers and consumers in Nebraska,
the US and the EU
Exports account for about 30 percent of the value of
agricultural production in Nebraska.
Between 20 and 25 percent of agricultural production in the US
and EU is exported.
Food and Agricultural imports in 2009 were valued at $101
billion in the US and $141 billion in the EU (6.3 and 8.4 percent
of total merchandise imports respectively).
3. Three important trends are influencing
the agricultural trade of Nebraska, the
United States and the European Union
1. Changing Composition of World Agricultural Trade
2. Neighborhood effects
3. Asia Rising
4. First trend: Changing Composition of World Agricultural
Trade.
Historically, US agricultural exports have been dominated by bulk
commodities (68 percent of agricultural exports in 1967 compared
with 14 percent for consumer-oriented goods). Today, bulk
commodities and consumer-oriented goods have similar shares
(41 and 39 percent respectively).
Shares of Bulk, Consumer-oriented and Intermediate Products
in US Agricultural Exports
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Bulk Commodities Consumer-oriented Goods Intermediate Goods
5. The composition of world agricultural
trade has also changed:
In 1961, consumer-oriented goods defined as meat, dairy,
fruits, vegetables and beverages made up 25 percent of world
agricultural exports compared with 56 percent in 2008.
Note that EU food and agricultural exports have always been
focused on consumer-oriented products. Consumer-oriented
goods made up about 53 percent of EU agricultural exports in
1961 compared with 51 percent in 2008.
6. Nebraska Agricultural Exports. Percentages made up of
bulk commodities, consumer-oriented goods and
intermediate goods
Bulk 30.2 28.6 34.7 30.1
Consumer 30.2 34.6 39.5 47.9
Intermediate 39.6 36.8 25.8 22.0
Value of Agricultural
Exports ($ million) 843.5 1,349.0 2,335.4 2,744.5
Source: USDA Foreign Agriculture Service and Author’s calculations
7. Second trend: Neighborhood effects
As multilateral trade liberalization has stalled, countries have
turned to regional and bilateral trade agreements. Along with
earlier regional agreements such as the EU and NAFTA, these
trade pacts have led to increased regional food and agricultural
trade.
Percentage of US Agricultural Exports to Selected Regions, 1907-2010
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1967 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Developing Countries East Asia North America
Latin America EU-27 Former USSR
8. EU agricultural exports divided by EU agricultural
imports (degree of food self-sufficiency)
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
y = -0.0002x2 + 0.0241x + 0.3781 Series1
R² = 0.9837 Poly. (Series1)
0.4
0.2
0
9. Percentage of Nebraska Food and
Agricultural Exports Destined for
Selected Regions
Developing countries 66.5 73.4 70.1 69.7
East Asia 32.5 28.6 28.3 34.2
North America 50.7 56.2 54.3 49.1
Latin America 38.7 46.8 44.0 41.5
EU-27 4.1 3.3 3.2 4.4
Former USSR 1.1 2.5 3.1 1.7
10. Third trend: Asia Rising – How significant are China
and India in the world economy?
Share of the World Economy Accounted For by Various Countries and Regions (%).
1993 2009
China 1.8 8.2
India 1.0 2.4
Brazil 1.9 2.6
Russia 1.4 2.2
BRIC 6.1 15.4
Japan 18.2 8.2
Korea 1.4 1.6
East Asia (China, Japan, Korea) 21.4 18.0
Emerging Asia (China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia) 3.9 11.6
EU-27 30.0 28.8
US 27.1 24.1
High-income (EU-27, US, Japan, Korea) 76.7 62.7
Source: World Bank
11. EU and US Trade with Asia and China, 2009
(billion dollars and percentages of totals).
Total Asia (%) China (%)
US merchandise exports 1,057 286 (27.1%) 70 (6.6%)
US merchandise imports 1,602 620 (38.7%) 310 (19.4%)
US agricultural exports 120 51 (42.5%) 18 (15.0%)
US agricultural imports 101 25 (24.8%) 6 (5.9%)
EU merchandise exports* 1,528 383 (25.1%) 113 (7.4%)
EU merchandise imports* 1,673 621 (37.1%) 299 (17.0%)
EU agricultural exports* 110 26 (23.6%) 5 (4.5%)
EU agricultural imports* 141 32 (22.7%) 7 (5.0%)
*Extra-EU trade (excludes intra-trade among EU members)
Source: WTO
12. Asia’s weight in the world is substantial and
growing. This is particularly true for trade.
Note, however: If the Chinese economy grows at an annual rate
of 8 percent for the foreseeable future (unlikely) while the US
economy grows at an annual rate of 1.5 percent (not
unimaginable), it would take about 17 years for Chinese GDP to
equal US GDP.
And when China’s economy is as large as that of the US, China
will still have about four times as many people so per capita
income would only be about one-fourth of per capita income in
the US. Currently per capita income in the US is eleven times
that of China.
13.
14. US Agricultural Exports (bulk commodities, consumer
oriented goods and intermediate goods)
Con- Inter- Total* Bulk Cons. Intermed.
Year Bulk* sumer* mediate* share** share** share**
1967 4.34 0.89 1.16 6.39 67.9 13.9 18.2
1970 4.60 0.99 1.64 7.19 64.0 13.8 22.2
1975 16.49 2.21 3.14 21.84 75.5 10.1 14.4
1980 28.79 4.88 7.57 41.22 69.8 11.8 18.4
1985 17.87 4.76 6.41 29.04 61.5 16.4 22.1
1990 20.24 10.58 8.67 39.49 51.3 26.8 21.9
1995 26.01 19.06 11.14 56.21 46.3 33.9 19.8
2000 18.59 21.70 10.97 51.26 36.3 42.3 21.4
2005 23.22 27.21 12.75 63.18 36.8 43.1 20.1
2010 47.19 45.43 23.19 115.81 40.8 39.2 20.0
Source: FAS
*Billions of current dollars
** Share in total agricultural exports of bulk, consumer and intermediate
agricultural goods. Exports of forest and fish products have been excluded)
15. Percentage of US Agricultural Exports to
Selected Regions, 1967-2010.
Developing East North Latin Former
Year countries Asia America America EU-27 USSR
1967 39.6 18.9 9.9 9.4 36.9 0.3
1970 36.6 22.9 13.6 9.7 34.9 0.3
1975 46.8 21.4 8.7 10.5 34.2 5.2
1980 50.9 28.3 10.5 14.8 31.6 2.5
1985 51.7 29.5 10.5 14.5 24.0 6.5
1990 49.4 35.4 17.1 12.9 18.9 5.7
1995 53.4 38.5 16.6 14.2 15.6 2.4
2000 53.1 32.8 27.4 20.7 12.7 1.6
2005 58.7 29.4 31.7 23.6 11.1 2.1
2010 66.7 35.1 27.2 21.5 7.7 1.4
Source: USDA Foreign Agriculture Service
and author’s calculations.
16. Percentage of Extra-EU Agricultural
Exports to Selected Regions, 1998-2009.
Year Non-EU Middle
Europe CIS Asia Africa East US China
1998 -- -- 19.1 13.5 8.8 14.4 1.4
2000 -- -- 22.8 12.0 9.5 16.0 2.6
2003 19.2 9.2 21.7 12.7 8.2 19.4 2.2
2005 19.3 10.4 22.9 11.9 8.2 18.7 3.4
2007 17.5 13.0 22.7 13.2 8.3 16.9 4.1
2009 18.3 12.1 23.6 15.0 9.0 13.6 4.90
Source: WTO and author’s calculations
17. The table below traces the development of the EEC as it was
enlarged and took on further responsibilities culminating in the
EU with 27 members today.