18 sems and atmospheric pressure
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According to the document: 1) Aeroelasticity is defined as the study of how air affects elastic structures at rest or in motion, with atmospheric pressure directly proportional to altitude and density. 2) Altimeters and speed indicators measure altitude and speed by detecting the elastic effects of atmospheric pressure on capsules or diaphragms called wafers. 3) An altimeter converts the elastic deformation of a wafer into a measurement of altitude based on atmospheric pressure, while a speed indicator relates atmospheric and dynamic air pressures detected by a Pitot tube to determine speed.
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Pressure Measuring Devices
AIAA Student Competition 2015 Research Paper
1) Tests were conducted in a wind tunnel to measure the interference drag between two axisymmetric bodies placed in tandem at varying horizontal and vertical spacing, representing stores separating from an aircraft.
2) Data showed that drag forces were strongly correlated to the spacing between the bodies and remained insensitive to changes in Reynolds number until a threshold was reached.
3) Key findings were that drag was highest when bodies were closest horizontally, and changing the vertical spacing altered the drag and moment coefficients in sinusoidal patterns, with implications for store stability during separation.
Marinello_ProjectReport.pdf
This document summarizes the Hess-Smith panel method for analyzing aerodynamic forces on airfoils. It begins with background on aerodynamics and the different types of air flow. It then describes the 2D Hess-Smith panel method, which involves discretizing an airfoil shape into panels and calculating source strengths to model the air flow. The document provides the theoretical equations for calculating velocity potential and solving for source strengths. It concludes by explaining the Python code used to implement the 2D source panel method on a NACA 0010 airfoil.
Using Computational Fluid Dynamics as a tool for improved prediction of press...
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
D1082833
This document describes a study that uses COMSOL Multiphysics software to model squeeze-film gas damping in a piezoelectric (PZT) accelerometer. The model represents the solid parts of the accelerometer and solves for the gas pressure distribution using the Reynolds equation. Simulation results show the deformation of the proof mass at different ambient pressures, with higher pressure resulting in greater damping and smaller oscillations. Analysis of the displacement over time indicates squeeze-film gas damping is an important consideration in MEMS device design.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
flow_and_pressure.pdf
This document discusses various methods for measuring pressure and volume flow rate in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. It describes fundamental pressure measurement principles and defines terms like static pressure, total pressure and velocity pressure. It then provides details on several instruments that can be used to measure pressure, including U-tube manometers, single limb manometers, dial gauges, and pressure transducers. The document also discusses methods for measuring volume flow rate, such as in-line flowmeters, pitot-static tube traverses, anemometer traverses, thermal anemometers, and Wilson flow grids. Conversion factors between common pressure and flow units are also provided.
Passive Bleed & Blow System for Optimized Airfoils
This document summarizes a project investigating a passive bleed and blow system for optimized airfoils. A team of 5 students from different California universities designed, modeled, 3D printed, and tested different airfoil designs in a wind tunnel. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of airfoils with and without bleed and blow holes were performed. Preliminary 2D simulations showed reductions in drag of around 50% for an airfoil using the system, though with around a 20% reduction in lift. Further 3D simulations and physical testing are still needed to fully understand the benefits of the passive bleed and blow system.
Pneumatic Load Cell.pptx
This document discusses pneumatic load cells. It begins by defining a load cell as a force gauge that uses a transducer to create an electrical signal proportional to the measured force. It states there are four main types of load cells: pneumatic, hydraulic, strain gauge, and capacitance. It then describes a pneumatic load cell as consisting of an elastic diaphragm attached to a platform, with a pressure regulator and gauge using pressurized air to balance and measure the weight of an object placed on it. Pneumatic load cells are often used to measure small weights in clean, safe industries, with advantages of being explosion-proof and temperature-insensitive, but disadvantages of slow response and needing clean, dry, regulated
Similar to 18 sems and atmospheric pressure (20)
Comparison of Time Domain Techniques for the Evaluation of the Response and t...
Comparison of Time Domain Techniques for the Evaluation of the Response and t...
Measurement and control of nonelectrical quantities
Measurement and control of nonelectrical quantities
A Good Effect of Airfoil Design While Keeping Angle of Attack by 6 Degree
A Good Effect of Airfoil Design While Keeping Angle of Attack by 6 Degree
Using Computational Fluid Dynamics as a tool for improved prediction of press...
Using Computational Fluid Dynamics as a tool for improved prediction of press...
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development
Passive Bleed & Blow System for Optimized Airfoils
Passive Bleed & Blow System for Optimized Airfoils
More from Miguel Cabral Martín
DESPEJANDO DUDAS y de las RAZONES DE ESTADO
El documento discute las razones por las cuales las redes sociales como LinkedIn, Facebook y Twitter no muestran el verdadero número de seguidores que tiene la nueva tecnología SEMS (Nuevas Leyes Físicas) según los datos de LinkedIn. También proporciona ejemplos de instituciones y empresas que tienen menos seguidores de los que realmente tendrían, lo que sugiere que los seguidores se derivan de la red de contactos personales del autor. Finalmente, argumenta que España y la UE deberían reclamar sus derechos sobre la
CONSEJO JURÍDICO GENERAL de AIRBUS GROUP A3
CONSEJO JURÍDICO GENERAL DE AIRBUS GROUP A3
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpWkJwWmRXVkdRaVE/view?usp=sharing
El 29 mayo del 2015 Airbus (EADS) desde su web en Toulouse comunica: “Airbus Group establece un fondo de capital semilla y un centro de innovación en Silicon Valley” (esta web se puede leer en varios idiomas). De forma resumida: Airbus (EADS) crea Airbus Group Ventures que sería un chiringuito inversor (que puede ser de una persona con su secretaria), el cual sigue las directrices de la empresa matriz o empresa verdadera en Europa, que a su vez crea una empresa caza-talentos que sería Airbus Group A3, a la cual definen como “Centro De Tecnología e Innovación Empresarial”. Es decir, Airbus Group A3 representa a Airbus, Airbus Helicopters y Airbus Defence and Space, tal como se puede comprobar en la tercera página de este enlace, en donde según la red profesional Linkedin, la suma de los contactos y seguidores de la Nueva Tecnología (Nuevas Leyes Físicas) derivada del grupo Airbus (EADS), rondan los 700.000 profesionales, incluidos los principales ejecutivos de Airbus Group Ventures y Airbus Group A3.
(Vii) de las bastardas conductas de las taifas políticas y financieras que ...
El documento describe las experiencias del autor con grupos políticos y la policía secreta durante la dictadura franquista en España en los años 70. Fue reclutado por un grupo marxista pero se negó a unirse debido a la desconfianza hacia los comunistas. Más tarde, la policía dejó propaganda comunista en su apartamento para incriminarlo. Logró escapar llevándose las cajas a Las Palmas, donde enfrentó a agentes armados que querían detenerlo.
Starmus más allá del horizonte
STARMUS: MÁS ALLÁ DEL HORIZONTE
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpQm96R05nTmU1SlU/view?usp=sharing
(Ii) de la represión y asesinato de imagen del régimen posfranquista de las a...
(Ii) de la represión y asesinato de imagen del régimen posfranquista de las a...Miguel Cabral Martín
Este documento resume las acusaciones de represión y asesinato de imagen que Miguel Cabral Martín alega haber sufrido por parte del régimen posfranquista en España. Detalla varios incidentes, incluyendo un despliegue policial frente a su casa y una imputación posterior por parte de un juez, que considera injustificados. Argumenta que ha estado solo en su defensa sin apoyo de abogados u otras instituciones.81 einstein’s equivalence principle
81 - EINSTEIN’S EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpenpGTHpSbEpra1E/view?usp=sharing
This principle is equivalent to the Galileo Galilei’s Principle of Relativity applied in absence of gravity, therefore it would be appropriate to remember the meaning of Galileo’s principle according Wikipedia: Galilean invariance or Galilean relativity states that the laws of motion are the same in all inertial frames. Galileo Galilei first described this principle in 1632 in his “Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems” using the example of a ship travelling at constant velocity, without rocking, on a smooth sea; any observer doing experiments below the deck would not be able to tell whether the ship was moving or stationary.
Also, it is worth to mention that said Galileo’s Principle is no certain as demonstrates the exact math measure of the elastic envelope (EE), of any frame or structure by the New Technology (New Physical Laws).
81 principio de equivalencia de einstein
81 - PRINCIPIO DE EQUIVALENCIA DE EINSTEIN
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpZndWM1NYTGZmWU0/view?usp=sharing
Este principio es el equivalente al Principio de la Relatividad de Galileo Galilei aplicado en ausencia de la gravedad, es decir, en el espacio; por lo que es conveniente recordar en que consiste dicho principio de Galileo según versión del propio Galileo: “Encerraos con un amigo en la cabina principal bajo la cubierta de un barco grande, y llevad con vosotros moscas, mariposas, y otros pequeños animales voladores, colgad una botella que se vacíe gota a gota en un amplio recipiente colocado por debajo de la misma, haced que el barco vaya con la velocidad que queráis, siempre que el movimiento sea uniforme y no haya fluctuaciones en un sentido u otro. Las gotas caerán en el recipiente inferior sin desviarse a la popa, aunque el barco haya avanzado mientras las gotas están en el aire, las mariposas y las moscas seguirán su vuelo por igual hacia cada lado, y no sucederá que se concentren en la popa, como si se cansaran de seguir el curso del barco.” Este postulado también se puede entender con este otro ejemplo: Si un pasajero en un camarote sin ventanas de un barco navegando en aguas tranquilas a velocidad constante se duerme durante ocho horas, al despertarse nunca podrá saber si el barco sigue navegando o está atracado.
80 de la no veraz teoría de la onda fotón o partícula
80 - DE LA NO VERAZ TEORÍA DE LA ONDA FOTÓN y/o PARTÍCULA
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpVnZMRks4S2huTG8/view?usp=sharing
Esta afirmación se basa inicialmente en el Experimento de Michelson-Morley, y finalmente en el experimento más preciso de todos llevado a cabo por el Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO), formado este último por dos observatorios, el de Livingston (Louisiana) y Hanford (Washington), y llevado a cabo por toda la comunidad Internacional a través de más de 80 instituciones científicas con más de 1.000 reputados científicos.
Ii estimaciones de vidas salvadas por la nueva tecnología en el tráfico por...
II - ESTIMACIONES DE VIDAS SALVADAS POR LA NUEVA TECNOLOGÍA EN EL TRÁFICO POR CARRETERA (Nuevas Leyes Físicas)
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpUENfMzBKVUJKYjA/view?usp=sharing
Este escrito se basa en dos correos electrónicos y en la constancia escrita de la existencia de los mismos en el Registro General del Cabildo de Gran Canaria (no sea que se les borre del ordenador) los cuales demuestran la soberbia feroz del neo-comunismo canario que se ha hecho con el control del Cabildo, pretendiendo imponer el republicanismo más despótico conocido en la joven historia de Canarias, gracias a la ignorancia democrática a la que nos han sometido y someten las dos Españas; lo que demuestra una vez más que el poder de los déspotas emana de la ignorancia de los pueblos, y a más ignorancia más tiranos se vuelven.
La sangrienta guerra de las cabras del cacique mata-cabras
LA SANGRIENTA GUERRA DE LAS CABRAS DEL CAUDILLO MATACABRAS
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpcVJGeGVWUVJuWk0/view?usp=sharing
En la Isla de Gran Canaria, actualmente se está produciendo un enfrentamiento civil por el exterminio selectivo de las asilvestradas cabras, llevado a cabo por el vil Caudillo Antonio Morales Méndez el Tirano y su horda de mata-cabras. La primera razón fue la de proteger la reforestación, y ahora resulta que es por proteger al endemismo botánico que los primitivos guanches y sus cabras no lograron cargarse en más de 2.000 años. En vista del alzamiento popular, el nuevo Caudillo de la Gran Canaria se busca a más de cuarenta científicos, la mayoría perteneciente a su clan ideológico, para decirnos lo que todos ya sabemos, que la cabra y sus cabrones son capaces de tragarse lo que les echen. Mientras esta campaña de intoxicación se lleva cabo en los medios, en el nuevo reino del criminal tirano de la “isla mayor” de la Gran Canaria, existen miles de familias sin recursos económicos con todos sus miembros pasando hambre. Y en estas circunstancias, al tirano mestizo no se le ocurre otra cosa que reforestar, y de paso y para colmo, organizar costosos safaris con tiradores de élite traídos de la nación que dice colonizó a su tribu guanche que habitaba la zona de “Roque Aguayro”, cuyos indígenas y hasta las cabras también eran bolcheviques allá por el Siglo XV, según dicho iluminado cacique independentista. Según las crónicas, el por entonces cacique independentista, el muy populista perroflauta demagogo, utilizó a unos indígenas ya desaparecidos por los relajos amorosos de las indígenas con los conquistadores, para de esa forma iniciar su visionaria gran misión de salvar y liberar a su ambicionado reino insular al grito de: “no me he ido, estoy llegando”. Célebre proclama que soltó nada más salir elegido Caudillo Libertador de la Gran Canaria, según sus huestes del clan de los matacabras.
79 rocket drones - elon musk
El documento expresa gratitud a Elon Musk por demostrar una nueva tecnología de drones cohete. Describe cómo Musk y su equipo utilizaron un poderoso drone con nueve cohetes para impulsar y estabilizar una estructura cilíndrica, llamada drone cohete. El drone cohete aterrizó con éxito usando cuatro aletas retráctiles para controlar la inclinación. El autor sugiere convertir las aletas en drones auxiliares para mejorar la precisión y seguridad de futuros viajes espaciales trip
78 ley electoral canaria de la triple paridad
78 - LEY ELECTORAL CANARIA DE LA TRIPLE PARIDAD
(Sancho Panza se espantaría y Rucio se reiría)
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpZWVIU3BQMkpLR0E/view?usp=sharing
Esta ley canaria demuestra a las claras el cinismo de esa ínfima minoría de las criminales mafias político-financieras que moralmente han hundido, y siguen hundiendo cada día más a la sociedad canaria, arrastrando de paso al resto de la sociedad española. Hay un célebre mandatario histórico que ahora no recuerdo, quien creo dijo una frase que decía: “Nunca tan pocos jorobaron tanto a tantos”.
Para que se entienda mejor la realidad canaria, recuerdo y expongo de forma resumida los siguientes datos significativos, harto conocidos en esta nueva Barataria atlántica:
1. La administración de las provincias españolas se realiza a través de las Diputaciones Provinciales, mientras que en Canarias son los Cabildos quienes realizan este función. En la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias solo hay dos provincias: Tenerife (4 islas) y Las Palmas (3 islas), por lo que solo debería haber dos Cabildos; sin embargo, existen 7 Cabildos puesto que cada isla tiene su propio Cabildo, lo que desde el punto de vista administrativo equivale a tener 7 Provincias. Es de suponer que este disparate fue debido al aislamiento entre islas, dado lo precario de las comunicaciones y/o transporte de la época, puesto que los Cabildos se crearon entre los años 1912 (Ley de Cabidos) y 1913 cuando entran en funcionamiento, lo que hizo que dicho disparate administrativo, en todo el mundo, sea exclusivo de Canarias.
2. 70 años después, en 1982, se crea el Estatuto de Autonomía de Canarias, y como a perro flaco todo son pulgas, nuestros animales próceres políticos - y que me perdone Rucio - se inventan dicha “Ley de la Triple Paridad”, la cual también se conoce como la parida, hasta tal punto que es la 2ª ley electoral más injusta del todo el planeta. Y como botón de muestra, valgan solo estos dos ejemplos harto conocidos por denunciados en los medios:
a) Esta ley otorga al 17% de los canarios que viven en las llamadas “islas menores” el 50% de los diputados (Parlamento de Canarias), mientras que a las dos “islas mayores” con el 83% de la población, también se le otorga el 50% de los diputados restantes.
b) Esta ley hace que en la Isla de la Gomera, el Cacique de turno con solo 5.000 votos haya conseguido 3 diputados, mientras que Ciudadanos con 50.000 votos no “rascó bola” (0 diputados).
77 siglo xviii - cuna de la democracia contemporánea
77 - SIGLO XVIII: CUNA DE LA DEMOCRACIA CONTEMPORÁNEA
SIGLO XIX: CUNA DE LOS FASCISMOS CONTEMPORÁNEOS
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpdHQtQU1GOWxfc0E/view?usp=sharing
Siglo XVIII
Empezando por lo evidente e intentando ser lo más breve posible: el Siglo XVIII, también conocido como Siglo de las Luces, de la Razón, de la Ilustración, del Despotismo Ilustrado, supuso el fin del feudalismo y correspondiente vasallaje de los pueblos en Occidente. Esto se logra gracias al mayor esplendor de las ciencias, lo cual da pie a la aparición de la industrialización, pasándose del trabajo artesanal o manual al trabajo realizado por las máquinas. Esto lleva a que las avariciosas monarquías absolutistas y sus aliadas noblezas europeas se hagan con el poder económico a través del Despotismo Ilustrado - “todo para el pueblo pero sin el pueblo” – alcanzando éstas su mayor fuerza y protagonismo en toda la historia. Pero entonces, los acomodados nuevos burgueses que habían alcanzado el poder económico gracias a la industrialización, también deciden alcanzar el poder político el cual estaba monopolizado por la nobleza. Para lograrlo se desarrolla la doctrina política del liberalismo contraria a todo absolutismo político, económico y religioso, basada en dos principios fundamentales:
1. La igualdad ante la ley de los individuos y sus derechos.
2. La libertad, fundamentada en la libertad intelectual, de pensamiento y/o culto. Libertades éstas que también se resumen en la plena libertad de conciencia del individuo.
(Vi) de la bastarda demonización de un pueblo durante x miles de años
(VI) - DE LA BASTARDA DEMONIZACIÓN DE UN PUEBLO DURANTE “X MILES DE AÑOS”
Una vez conocida la exacta elasticidad de las estructuras, el siguiente avance que nos queda sería la del conocimiento y control de la anti-gravedad de dichas estructuras. Sobre la antigravedad hay quienes dicen que nunca la descubriremos, otros dicen que tardaremos unos cuantos miles de años y otros que es el mayor secreto mejor guardado. Descartando la última opción del “mayor secreto” por absurda, nos quedaría la segunda opción que denominaría unos “X miles de años”.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpeUlMLWtuZFlEQk0/view?usp=sharing
Madame roselyn bachelor
Madame Roselyn Bachelor
You lacks of any moral authority to accuse Mr. Nadal of nothing. To make an accusation of this caliber, You and yours followers, the first thing you must do is to provide any evidence.
(Iv) de las bastardas conductas de las taifas políticas y financieras que s...
(IV) - DE LAS BASTARDAS CONDUCTAS DE LAS TAIFAS POLÍTICAS Y FINANCIERAS QUE SOMETEN AL PUEBLO CANARIO (Nacionales y Nacionalistas)
Este escrito tiene como objeto el demostrar a partir de la perfecta sincronización entre las corruptas e insularistas castas políticas y financieras canarias, como esta situación se da exactamente igual en el resto de las variadas corruptas castas político-financieras tanto ibéricas como europeas.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpWkVFcVdfZ25HRVE/view?usp=sharing
Imputado fondo n
La palabra "imputado" se define como una persona contra la cual se dirige un proceso penal. Se usa como adjetivo o sustantivo para referirse a alguien acusado de un delito mientras se investiga el caso.
76 de las existentes distintas velocidades de la luz
76 - DE LAS EXISTENTES DISTINTAS VELOCIDADES DE LA LUZ
Este escrito se basa en las dos teorías sobre el desplazamiento de una partícula luz:
1. Teoría del desplazamiento ondulatorio de la partícula de luz una vez se libera del átomo que lo contiene.
2. Teoría del desplazamiento lineal de trayectoria circular del electrón alrededor del núcleo (neutrones+protones), asumiendo que dicho núcleo atómico también se desplaza de forma lineal cualquiera que sea su trayectoria.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpOTFWaGFaTE9GVWs/view?usp=sharing
75 de la incorrecta interpretación del experimento de young
El documento discute la interpretación incorrecta de la dualidad onda-corpúsculo de la luz en el experimento de Young. Argumenta que si se consideran las proporciones cósmicas a escala cuántica, el espacio libre entre partículas es tan grande que no hay razón para que las partículas de luz no se puedan mover libremente sin interferencia. También señala que las interferencias observadas podrían explicarse por colisiones de partículas de luz al pasar por las rendijas, en lugar de su naturaleza ond
74 nuevas leyes físicas y advanced ligo by the numbers
74 - NUEVAS LEYES FÍSICAS Y “ADVANCED LIGO: BY THE NUMBERS” – ONDAS GRAVITACIONALES
Cualquiera que sea el número de espejos configurados de forma precisa y el diseño de la estructura del Laboratorio LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory), la única forma de haberse podido configurar de forma matemáticamente precisa (By the numbers) el sistema estructural LIGO, solo ha sido posible gracias a la Nueva Tecnología (SEMS) derivada de las dos Nuevas Leyes Físicas.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-yVvzgMrlRpZ2RsOWZIYldFMUU/view?usp=sharing
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(Vii) de las bastardas conductas de las taifas políticas y financieras que ...
(Vii) de las bastardas conductas de las taifas políticas y financieras que ...
(Ii) de la represión y asesinato de imagen del régimen posfranquista de las a...
(Ii) de la represión y asesinato de imagen del régimen posfranquista de las a...
80 de la no veraz teoría de la onda fotón o partícula
80 de la no veraz teoría de la onda fotón o partícula
Ii estimaciones de vidas salvadas por la nueva tecnología en el tráfico por...
Ii estimaciones de vidas salvadas por la nueva tecnología en el tráfico por...
La sangrienta guerra de las cabras del cacique mata-cabras
La sangrienta guerra de las cabras del cacique mata-cabras
77 siglo xviii - cuna de la democracia contemporánea
77 siglo xviii - cuna de la democracia contemporánea
(Vi) de la bastarda demonización de un pueblo durante x miles de años
(Vi) de la bastarda demonización de un pueblo durante x miles de años
(Iv) de las bastardas conductas de las taifas políticas y financieras que s...
(Iv) de las bastardas conductas de las taifas políticas y financieras que s...
76 de las existentes distintas velocidades de la luz
76 de las existentes distintas velocidades de la luz
75 de la incorrecta interpretación del experimento de young
75 de la incorrecta interpretación del experimento de young
74 nuevas leyes físicas y advanced ligo by the numbers
74 nuevas leyes físicas y advanced ligo by the numbers
18 sems and atmospheric pressure
- 1. SEMS and ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE According to the two new physical laws, Aeroelasticity can be defined as "the study of the action of air over the bodies (or structures) and the elastic effect that produces upon them, be at rest or in motion." Said elastic effect depends on the force of air, which is directly proportional to the atmospheric pressure; where said pressure as well as its density varies with the altitude. Two fundamental measures in air navigation are the speed and altitude. Both displacements are obtained directly from the measurement of the atmospheric pressure (Pa) by barometers or aneroid instruments, which base their measures in the elastic effect of the atmospheric pressure on the capsules or aneroid valves, also known as wafers or diaphragms according the following figures. ALTIMETER SPEED INDICATOR Images: Federal Aviation Administration
- 2. SIMPLIFIED DRAWINGS ABOUT THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF ANEROID METERS IN AIRCRAFTS: ALTIMETERS AND SPEED INDICATORS. ALTIMETER -Pa +Pa Connection for Static Atmospheric Pressure +Pa Wafer -Pa Atmospheric pressure on runway or sea level Atmospheric pressure in flight Fig. 1 Fig. 2 SPEED INDICATOR In the case of the altimeter, the altitude of the aircraft is obtained by the direct measure of the atmospheric pressure by conversion of the wafer’s elastic deformation; while in the case of the speed measurement, this is obtained by the relationship between the atmospheric pressure and the aerodynamic pressure or dynamic pressure of the air through the Pitot tube. Static connection In the same way that for every load and given speed there is a unique flight elastic envelope (EE), also there will be a unique flight elastic envelope for the altitude, according to said given load and speed. By interrelation of measures or taking the wafer’s elasticity of each indicator as reference measure, we could make the whole aircraft in an indicator of the speed and altitude with an accuracy as exact as safe, according with an integrated system made by SEMS sensors and WAFER sensors, as the distribution example in Fig. 4. In this way we get a safety redundancy directly proportional to the number of sensors or indicators used. Airflow Wafer Pitot Tube Fig. 3
- 3. ELASTICITY’S INTEGRATED SENSORS SYSTEMS Fig. 4 = WHOLE AIRPLANE ELASTICITY SENSORS Elasticity’s Integrated Sensors Systems (SEMS sensors and WAFER sensors) NETWORK Miguel Cabral Martín