The Gunpowder Plot was a failed attempt in 1605 by English Catholics led by Robert Catesby to blow up the English Parliament and kill King James I, in protest of the persecution of Catholics. Guy Fawkes was discovered in the cellar of Parliament with barrels of gunpowder the night before the planned attack. Fawkes and the other conspirators were arrested, tortured, tried for treason, and executed. November 5th became a national holiday in Britain commemorating the plot's discovery.

1. THE GUNPOWDER PLOT
The gunpowder Plot was a failedattempt toblow up England’s King James I and
the Parliament on November 5, 1605.
The plot was organized by Robert Catesby in an effort to end the persecution of
Roman Catholics by the English governmentCatesby and others hoped to replace the
country’s Protestant government with Catholic leadership. Around midnight on
November 4, 1605, oneof the conspirators, Guy Fawkes,was discovered in the cellar
of the Parliament building with barrels of gunpowder. Fawkes and others men
involvedin the plotweretried and executed fortreason EveryNovember5, theBritish
celebrate Guy Fawkes Day by burning Fawkes in effigy.
GUNPOWDER PLOT DISCOVERED
At about midnight on the night of November 4-5 Thomas Knyvet, a justice of the
peace, foundGuy Fawkeslurkingina cellar underthe Parliamentbuilding and ordered
the premises searched Thirty-six barrels of gunpowder were found, and Fawkes was
taken into custody. After being tortured. Fawkes revealed he was a participant in an
English Catholic leadership. Guy Fawkes had converted to Catholicism and his
religious zeal led him to fight in the army of Catholic Spain in the Protestant
Netherlands.
GUNPOWDER PLOT: AFTERMATH
Fawkes and the others surviving chief conspirators were sentenced to be hanged,
drawn and quartered in London. Moments before the start of his execution, on
January 31, 1606, Fawkes jumped from a ladder while climbing to the gallows
breaking his neck and dying. Following the failed Gunpowder Plot, new laws were
instituted in England that eliminated the right of Catholics to vote, among other
repressive restrictions.
GUY FAWKES NIGHT
In 1606, Parliament established November 5 as a day of public thanksgiving Guy
Fawkes Night (also referred to as Guy Fawkes Day and Bonfire Night) now is
celebrated annually across Great Britain on November 5 in remembrance of the
Gunpowder Plot. Villagers set off fireworks and burn effigies of Fawkes.