Alopecia, also known as baldness, refers to hair loss in areas of skin that normally have hair. There are two forms: scarring and non-scarring. Symptoms depend on the type of hair loss, and can include patches of hair loss, thinning hair, or hair falling out. Dental infections have been linked to alopecia, with bald patches sometimes appearing in areas corresponding to tooth infections. Alopecia is classified as a multifactorial genetic trait influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. Genome mapping has linked alopecia to several chromosomes, including linkage to chromosome 18 in one study.

1. ALOPECIA
Pasamba, Angillete Domirene P.
DMD 2D

2. A. Definition
ALOPECIA
Also known as “Baldness.”
Refers to hair loss in areas of skin
that normally have hair.
There are two forms of alopecia: scarring
and non-scarring.
• Scarring
• Non-scarring

3. Hair Loss

4. B. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
ALOPECIA SYMPTOMS DEPEND ON THE TYPE OF HAIR LOSS. SOME OF
THE MORE COMMON SYMPTOMS INCLUDE:
Male-pattern baldness: Female-pattern baldness:
•Hair recedes •Hair thins over the entire head
•Hair falls out at the top of the head •Hair comes out when brushing
Fungal infections:
•Affects men and women
•Patches of hair loss
Alopecia areata:
•Black dots in the patches
•Rapid hair loss
•Itching
•Round or oval patches of hair loss •Scaling
•Sometimes tiny hairs are visible in •Inflammation (such as redness)
the patches Stress-related:
•Fingernails and toenails with pits •Gradual shedding
•Hairs come out with gentle pulling

6. C. DENTAL CORRELATION OF THE DISEASE
IN DENTAL TREATMENT
There is a close relationship between
dental disease and hair loss, according to
researchers from the Department of Stomatology
at the University of Granada, (UGR) Spain.
Professors José Antonio Gil Montoya and
Antonio Cutando Soriano.
They explained, 'We have found that bald patches
caused by tooth infection are not always in the same place. They
normally appear on a line projected from the dental infection and can
thus can be located on the face at the level of the maxillary teeth,
above a line through the lip-angle to the scalp, beard, or even to the
eyebrow. Nevertheless, they can also be located far from infection
outbreak.'

7. PRECAUTIONS
• Patients with alopecia are advised to visit their dentists in
order to receive a careful examination of their oral health.
• If you want to minimize your hair loss,
the two nutrients that you have to
make sure you have plenty of every
day. These nutrients are Vitamin A
and Vitamin B.

8. D. CLASSIFICATION OF THE DISEASE
MULTIFACTORIAL
Martinez-Mir et al. (2007) suggested that alopecia fits the paradigm of a complex or
multifactorial genetic trait based on several lines of evidence: its prevalence in the
population of approximately 2%; concordance in twins of 55% (Jackow et al., 1998);
a Gaussian distribution of severity; a 10-fold increased risk for first-degree relatives
of affected individuals; and the aggregation of affected individuals in families with no
clear mendelian pattern of inheritance.
Mapping
Linkage to Chromosome 18
In an effort to define a genetic basis of alopecia, Martinez-Mir et al. (2007) performed a genomewide
search for linkage to 20 families with 102 affected and 118 unaffected individuals from the United
States and Israel. The analysis revealed evidence of at least 4 susceptibility loci on chromosome 6, 10,
16, and 18 using several different statistical approaches. Fine-mapping analysis with additional families
yielded a maximum multipoint lod score of 3.93 on chromosome 18 at marker D18S967 (AA1), a 2-
point affected sib pair (ASP) lod score of 3.11 on chromosome 16 (AA2; 610753), several ASP lod
scores greater than 2.00 on chromosome 6q, and a haplotype-based relative risk lod of 2.00 on
chromosome 6p, in the major histocompatibility complex locus.