- The document discusses the design and implementation of a Social Accountability (SA) tool for rural water supply schemes in Nepal. - The purpose of the SA tool is to improve functionality, accountability, and sustainability of water schemes by increasing participation and ownership among users. - The tool was developed in collaboration with partners and tested in two districts through community scorecards, social audits, and public hearings. Facilitators were trained to implement the tool. - If found successful in improving functionality, the partners intend to replicate the SA tool in other districts through FEDWASUN and SEIU to help ensure water schemes meet their 15-20 year design period.

1. Social Accountability (SA) in FRWS
(Design & Implementation)
- Shanker Pathak
PL, FRWS, WASH
SNV Nepal

2. Contents:
• Background
• Purpose of SA Tool
• Design & Implementation of SA Tool
• Expected Results
• Scale up in Future
• Queries & Discussion
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3. Background
• National water supply coverage 83.59 (NMIP,
2014)
• Functionality (NMIP, 2014)
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Status 2010 (%) 2012 (%)
Well Functioning 17.9 25.4
Repair (Minor/Major) 50.7 45.3
Others (Rehab/Recon) 30.1 28.4
Non-functioning 1.6 0.9

4. Background (contd…)
Reasons given for poor functionality:
• Inadequate participation of users during project planning.
• No proportionate representation of users in users
committee and meaningful participation.
• Less ownership of users to water supply scheme.
• Inactive users committee, no provision of operation and
Maintenance (O&M) fund and Village Maintenance Worker
(VMW).
• No proportionate distribution of tap post.
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5. Background (contd…)
• Less monitoring and supervision during construction.
• Lower quality materials used
• No exploration of alternative source.
• Not protection of source i.e. plantation, bare ware, cattle
control etc.
• Lack of transparency.
• No public auditing.
• No contribution from the local community.
• …………………..
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6. Purpose of SA Tool
• Make users aware to:
- Improve poor functionality (existing schemes)
- Control poor functionality (new schemes)
• Improve accountability of service provider and
service receiver
• Improve sustainability of schemes: particularly
those falling on ‘minor & major repair’
category
• Build capacity of users: able to interact and
discuss with service providers
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7. Design & Implementation of SA Tool
• Concept of SA shared among South Asia
Partnership (SAP) Nepal, FEDWASUN, SNV
Nepal.
• TOR developed and shared among SAP Nepal,
FEDWASUN, SNV Nepal, SEIU.
• SAP Nepal contracted as Local Capacity Builder
(LCB)/NGO for design and implementation of the
assignment.
• Designed SA Tool manual (DRAFT) including (i)
Community Score Card, (ii) Social Auditing &
(iii) Public Hearing; and shared among partners.
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8. Design & Implementation (Contd…)
• Identified Local SA Facilitators (2 from each Ilaka
of 11 Ilakas = 22, 50 % female) as per set
criteria and support from FEDWASUN Dailekh
• Conducted district level TOT on SA Tool (theory
and practice) for 22 Facilitators
• Ilaka level orientation on SA theory and practice
for Executive committee & active members of
WUSCs
• Piloted SA Tool at least in 1 scheme at Ilaka level
(selecting active, medium and passive scheme
constructed by various agencies)
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9. Design & Implementation (Contd…)
• Public hearing at district level (Dailekh): sharing
the findings of Ilaka level SA piloting
• Social audit and Public hearing in Jumla (District
level sensitization & testing of SA process for
WASH stakeholders & other FRWS partners)
• Based on Jumla & Dailekh experiences &
comments from FEDWASUN, SEIU, SNV Nepal -
Prepare a guideline framework proposing the
final design of SA Tool
• Pilot updated SA Tool at VDC level (in three
types of WUSCs)
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10. Design & Implementation (Contd…)
• Share the results at Ilaka & district level (Public
Hearing)
• Evaluation of effectiveness; & finalization of SA
Tool
• National level learning & sharing
• Finalization of Training Manual on SA Tool for
FRWS
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11. Expected Results
• Service provider/service receiver become more
responsible/accountable
• Schemes need Minor/Major repair become well-
functional
• Sustainability of existing schemes get improved
• Design period of new schemes (15-20 years)
get ensured
• Users/WUSCs feel their right as well as duty
towards FRWS
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12. Before SA Training & Piloting
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13. 13
After SA Training & Piloting

14. Scale Up in Future
• If found successful (i.e., poor-functioning
schemes become well-functioning by self-
support of users/WUSCs), replicate the tool in
other districts of Nepal
• Through FEDWASUN – Owner of the Tool
• Through SEIU - Owner of the Tool
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15. THANK YOU!!
Contact details -
For Further information:
Program Leader (PL)
Functionality of Rural Water Supply (FRWS)
WASH Sector, SNV Nepal
Tel: 977-1-5523444 Ext. 162
Cell: 977- 9841252232 (Namaste)/9814300105 (Ncell)
Skype: pathak50
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Queries and Discussion !