This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts. It defines what objects are in programming as groupings of related data and functionality. Classes are introduced as blueprints that define objects, including their attributes and methods. Examples of classes like Vehicle and Star are provided to demonstrate how classes define objects. The key aspects of a class - name, attributes, constructor, and methods - are reviewed. Finally, example class diagrams are shown to visually represent classes and their relationships.

1. From last time…
•
We discussed Iteration 1 expectations!
•
Functions:!
! - DRY: Don’t Repeat Yourself!
! - How to “read” a function definition!
! - Type & number of arguments must match!
! - Arguments are passed by copy into functions!
•
Reviewed Quiz 2: Variables, Conditionals, Loops

2. “All programming languages !
are exactly the same.”
Prof. Angelos Barmpoutis!
University of Florida

3. Programming Languages
vs. Natural Languages
Variables, Operations,
Logical Operators
Sounds, Words
Functions
Sentences
Conditional Statements
Paragraphs
Objects
Chapters, Entire Books

4. Objects I
CAP

5. Object-Oriented
Programming
•
OOP is a programming paradigm!
•
It a mental model for thinking about code!
•
It informs the organization & structure of code!
•
Object-oriented code is organized into “objects”
that interact with each other

6. c++
c#
smalltalk
ruby
php
java
objective-c
python
perl

7. What do we know so far…
Data!
variables – store data: int, boolean, float, etc.!
operations – manipulate data: + - / *!
logical operators – compare data: > < >= <= ==!
Functionality!
functions – simple behavior: size(), fill()
loops – repeated behavior: for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)!
conditionals – flow control: if (conditional) {} else {}

8. Objects
•
It makes sense to organize related
data and functionality into one thing!
•
We call this thing an ‘object’!
•
Any thing in the world could be viewed as an
object—as a grouping of data and functionality

9. Object-Oriented Thinking
•
An Animal!
•
A Human!
•
A Vehicle!
•
A Celestial Body… and Gravity!
•
An Email… An Inbox… and An Email Application!
•
In programming, objects are defined by classes

10. Class Anatomy
Name
Class!
Blueprint!
Cookie Cutter!
Mould
Data
What is the class called?
What are its attributes?!
What state is currently it in?
Constructor
When I create a new one,!
what do I need to do?
Functionality
What actions can it take?!
What does it do?

11. Class Anatomy
Name
Class!
Blueprint!
Cookie Cutter!
Mould
Data
Constructor
Functionality
Vehicle
String type; // e.g.,“Car”
float price; // e.g., 7825
Vehicle(type, price)
moveForward();
moveBackward();
honk();
Notice that a class is a generic blueprint–a container.!
It has placeholders for data, and defines functionality.

12. Classes make Objects
Class! Object! Object! Object!
Vehicle!
Vehicle!
Vehicle!
Vehicle!
!
!
!
!
!
String type!
float price
“Car”!
2374.72
“Car”!
4255.95
“Airplane”!
400000
These are instances of the Vehicle Class

13. Demo!
A Star Class

14. Remember…
A class must have 4 things:!
1. a name!
2. attributes (variables)!
3. a constructor (run once, when we use new)!
4. methods (functions)!
Learn and memorize how to make code into classes!

15. “All programming languages !
are exactly the same.”
Prof. Angelos Barmpoutis!
University of Florida

16. Unified Modeling Language
UML defines a consistent method for diagramming
a class. This is what a “Class Diagram” looks like:
Name!
!
Variables!
!
!
Methods

17. Class Diagram Example
Email
Inbox
MailManager
to
from
subject
body
name
emails
inboxes
displayEmail
orderEmailsByAlpha
orderEmailsByDate
displayInbox
createEmail
sendEmail
checkEmail

18. For next time…
•
Read Shiffman, p. 130–137 (Objects II)!
•
Keep working on Iteration 1