Environmental Monitoring describes the microbiological testing under- taken in order to detect changing trends of microbial counts and micro- flora growth within cleanroom or controlled environments. The results obtained provide information about the physical construction of the room, the performance of the Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) system, personnel cleanliness, gowning practices, the equipment, and cleaning operations.
Over the past decade, environmental monitoring has become more sophisticated in moving from random sampling, using an imaginary grid over the room and testing in each grid, to the current focus on risk assessment and the use of risk assessment tools to determine the most appropriate methods for environmental monitoring.
This presentation gives current trends in the application of risk assessment to the practice of environmental monitoring.
Control on Cleanroom Environmental Monitoring (Pharmaceutical)Srinath Sasidharan
A general consideration of Environmental Monitoring in Pharmaceutical manufacturing area. Cleanroom Monitoring Tools and Utilities: Author Sreenath Sasidharan (Geltec Healthcare FZE)
Microbiological Environmental Monitoring in Pharmaceutical Facilitydelli_intralab
Merupakan jurnal tentang microbiological environment monitoring in pharma facility
Untuk informasi lebih lanjut atau diskusi mengenai environment monitoring, silahkan hubungi delli.intralab@gmail.com
Merupakan penggalan USP 36 chapter 1116 mengenai Microbiological Control And Monitoring Of Aseptic Processing Environments
Untuk mendapat softcopy atau informasi lebih lanjut silahkan hubungi delli.intralab@gmail.com
Environmental Monitoring describes the microbiological testing under- taken in order to detect changing trends of microbial counts and micro- flora growth within cleanroom or controlled environments. The results obtained provide information about the physical construction of the room, the performance of the Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) system, personnel cleanliness, gowning practices, the equipment, and cleaning operations.
Over the past decade, environmental monitoring has become more sophisticated in moving from random sampling, using an imaginary grid over the room and testing in each grid, to the current focus on risk assessment and the use of risk assessment tools to determine the most appropriate methods for environmental monitoring.
This presentation gives current trends in the application of risk assessment to the practice of environmental monitoring.
Control on Cleanroom Environmental Monitoring (Pharmaceutical)Srinath Sasidharan
A general consideration of Environmental Monitoring in Pharmaceutical manufacturing area. Cleanroom Monitoring Tools and Utilities: Author Sreenath Sasidharan (Geltec Healthcare FZE)
Microbiological Environmental Monitoring in Pharmaceutical Facilitydelli_intralab
Merupakan jurnal tentang microbiological environment monitoring in pharma facility
Untuk informasi lebih lanjut atau diskusi mengenai environment monitoring, silahkan hubungi delli.intralab@gmail.com
Merupakan penggalan USP 36 chapter 1116 mengenai Microbiological Control And Monitoring Of Aseptic Processing Environments
Untuk mendapat softcopy atau informasi lebih lanjut silahkan hubungi delli.intralab@gmail.com
The two most commonly used within microbiology are
HACCP (which originated in the food industry) and FMEA
(developed for engineering). This article explores these two
approaches, first with a description of HACCP, followed by a
description and case study of FMEA in sterility testing.
The presentation was an overview of the GMP regulations specific to cleaning validation for medicine manufacturers. New guidelines for Health Based Exposure Limits were discussed along with common GMP deficiencies observed during TGA inspections.
Considering: Environmental monitoring guidance, Background to USP <1116>, Main changes and debates Method limitations, Incident rates, Frequencies of monitoring, Locations of monitoring, Other changes, Regulatory issues and Rapid methods
this lecture describes the various procedures and maintenance steps that should be taken to insure that all lab equipment are working well in a controlled manner for the guarantee of accuracy of microbiological test results.
Welcome to our Slideshare presentation on the Qualification of Autoclave, an essential process to ensure the effective sterilization of medical instruments and equipment. In this presentation, we will explore the significance of autoclave qualification, its various stages, and the critical factors involved in maintaining sterilization safety.
Do share it your friends and any suggestions do comments below.
Thank you ; keep reading , keep Growing.
The two most commonly used within microbiology are
HACCP (which originated in the food industry) and FMEA
(developed for engineering). This article explores these two
approaches, first with a description of HACCP, followed by a
description and case study of FMEA in sterility testing.
The presentation was an overview of the GMP regulations specific to cleaning validation for medicine manufacturers. New guidelines for Health Based Exposure Limits were discussed along with common GMP deficiencies observed during TGA inspections.
Considering: Environmental monitoring guidance, Background to USP <1116>, Main changes and debates Method limitations, Incident rates, Frequencies of monitoring, Locations of monitoring, Other changes, Regulatory issues and Rapid methods
this lecture describes the various procedures and maintenance steps that should be taken to insure that all lab equipment are working well in a controlled manner for the guarantee of accuracy of microbiological test results.
Welcome to our Slideshare presentation on the Qualification of Autoclave, an essential process to ensure the effective sterilization of medical instruments and equipment. In this presentation, we will explore the significance of autoclave qualification, its various stages, and the critical factors involved in maintaining sterilization safety.
Do share it your friends and any suggestions do comments below.
Thank you ; keep reading , keep Growing.
A Brief Overview on Active Air Sampling Procedure for Environment Monitoringijtsrd
In this paper, we are going to discuss the ‘Active Air Sampling procedure for EM'. EM stands for Environment Monitoring. Environment monitoring is performed in the pharmaceutical manufacturing plants to monitor the contamination of viable and non viable particle count. Viable particle count can be observed through the ‘Settle Plate method, Active Air Sampling, Surface Monitoring contact plate and swab test , and Personnel Monitoring method'. Non viable particles are dust particles and other non living particles. Active Air sampling is performed by microbiologist in the production and manufacturing area using the equipment known as ‘Air Sampler'. A media plate of SCDA Soybean Casein Digest Agar prepared under sterile condition by the microbiologist. The media plate is then allowed to adjust under the ‘Air Sampler hood' and then it is used for sampling purpose. Air sampler captures 1000L air as per validated time in a 1cubic meter of volume and therefore air sampling is thus performed in the middle of the surrounding area. The sampled plate is then incubated, and after then the required incubation is provided, and the plate is thus analyzed to determine whether our manufacturing area meets the level of expected counts or it crosses the required limit and, on this basis, the reporting is thus generated on regular basis. Juhi Rastogi | Faiz Hashmi ""A Brief Overview on Active Air Sampling Procedure for Environment Monitoring"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd22987.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmacy-practice/22987/a-brief-overview-on-active-air-sampling-procedure-for-environment-monitoring/juhi-rastogi
This session from the Institute of Validation Technology's Contamination and Control Week discusses regulatory expectations and industry drivers for aseptic cleaning and environmental monitoring, regulatory expectations for cleanrooms, and current FDA and EU expectations during inspection of sterile and aseptic operations.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Health Education on prevention of hypertensionRadhika kulvi
Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
Explore our infographic on 'Essential Metrics for Palliative Care Management' which highlights key performance indicators crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of palliative care services.
This visual guide breaks down important metrics across four categories: Patient-Centered Metrics, Care Efficiency Metrics, Quality of Life Metrics, and Staff Metrics. Each section is designed to help healthcare professionals monitor and improve care delivery for patients facing serious illnesses. Understand how to implement these metrics in your palliative care practices for better outcomes and higher satisfaction levels.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
2. USP Regulations
• <51> Antimicrobial effectiveness testing
• <61> Microbiological examination of nonsterile products:
microbial enumeration tests
• <62> Microbiological examination of nonsterile products:
tests for specified microorganisms
• <71> Sterility tests
• <1113> Microbial characterization identification and strain typing
• <1116> Microbiological control and monitoring of aseptic
processing environments
• <1117> Microbiological Best Laboratory Practices
• <1227> Validation of microbial recovery from
pharmacopeial articles
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3. Purpose of EM
• Critical process within the pharmaceutical industries.
• Determines the microbial and particulate content of
cleanroom air and surfaces.
• Highlights conditions contributing to excessive microbial &
particulate levels due to ineffective cleaning, or
personnel/equipment issues (Trending).
• Alerts to conditions exceeding classifications.
• Proactive tool for Quality Assurance.
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4. Who Does It?
• Quality Control
– Demonstrate product safety
– Environmental Monitoring
– Testing
• Quality Assurance
– Oversight responsibilities – ensure compliance with GMPs
– Review and Approve all Records, Reports, written
procedures, specifications
– Audit methods, results, systems and processes
2017/3/4 4
5. To be monitored
• Non-viable airborne particulates
• Viable airborn particulates
• Viable surface bound particulates on cleanroom surfaces
and personnel
• Contamination Sources
– People ~75%
– Ventilation ~15%
– Room Structure ~5%
– Equipment ~5%
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6. USP 39 <1116>
• Studies indicate that gowned humans slough particulate and
microbial contamination at a rather consistent rate.
• Where equipment is the primary source of particulate matter,
the resulting particulates are essentially all nonviable.
• It is not possible to clearly distinguish between background
total particulate contamination generated largely by
mechanical operations and the total particulates contributed by
personnel. both a total particulate component and a
microbiological component.
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12. Sampling Frequency
• The frequency of sampling depends on the manufacturing
process conducted within an environment.
• Classified environments in which closed manufacturing
operations are conducted, including fermentation, sterile API
processing, and chemical processes, require fewer
monitoring sites and less frequent monitoring because the
risk of microbial contamination from the surrounding
environment is comparatively low.
2017/3/4 12
13. Sampling Frequency (cont.)
• It is not possible to recommend microbial control levels for
each type of manufacturing environment. depending on
the production activities
• Monitoring should reflect the microbiological control
requirements of manufacturing or processing activities.
• Formal risk assessment techniques can result in a
scientifically valid contamination control program.
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15. Sampling Time
• Sampling should take place with the facility in the
operational condition (personnel present and normal
operations being carried out).
• Microbial sampling should occur when materials are in the
area, processing activities are ongoing, and a full
complement of personnel is working within the aseptic
processing environment.
• The operational condition for sterile hoods and transfer
devices can be considered to be when an operator is
working in any part of the clean air device.
• Sampling in the static condition should be performed at an
agreed frequency to monitor baseline contamination levels.
2017/3/4 15
16. Sampling Sites
• Microbial monitoring of manufacturing clean rooms, RABS,
and isolators should include compressed gases, surfaces,
room or enclosure air, and any other materials and
equipment that might produce a risk of contamination.
• The location and movement of personnel within the clean
room correlate with contamination risk to the environment
and to the processes conducted within that environment.
• The location and movement of personnel within the clean
room correlate with contamination risk to the environment
and to the processes conducted within that environment.
2017/3/4 16
17. Methods of EMM
• Air
- Air sampler(active method): testing of the number of
organisms per volume of air sampled.
-Settling plate(passive method): settling plates can be
used as qualitative, or semi-qualitat
• Surface
-Contact plate: product contact surface, floors, walls,
and equipment should be tested on a
regular basis.
-Swabbing
2017/3/4 17
18. Air Sampler
(Viable airborne particulates)
Active Air Monitoring
ISO 14644, Fed Std-209E, USP <1116>
• Used to sample a defined volume of air, embedding viable
particulates onto sterile media strips.
• The media strips are incubated to promote the growth of
viable particulates
• The microorganisms are counted and results are reported as
the number of CFU per volume of air sampled.
2017/3/4 18
19. Settling Plates
(Viable airborne particulates)
Passive Air Monitoring
ISO 14644, Fed Std-209E, USP <1116>
• Settling plates filled with media are used to sample the
microbial fallout over time.
• The plates are incubated to promote growth
• Microorganisms are counted and results are reported as the
number of CFU per time sampled.
• The average size of microbial particle will deposit, by gravity,
onto surfaces at a rate of approximately 1 cm/s.
2017/3/4 19
20. Sampling Sites for Settling Plates
• Areas where there is little air movement (i.e. "dead spaces")
or where airflows converge or are excessively turbulent.
These conditions are most likely to occur:
– adjacent to doors
– in pass through hatches
– at low level return air grilles
– between HEPA's in clean rooms
– in corners of rooms
• Areas within the clean room where there is personnel
activity or where specific operations are carried out.
2017/3/4 20
21. RODAC Plates
(Viable, Surface-Bound Particles)
Surface Monitoring
ISO 14644, Fed Std-209E, USP <1116>
• Contact plates (RODAC Plates) filled with media are used to
sample tabletops, walls, benches, floors, garments, and
gowned personnel.
• Measure the number of microorganisms per area sampled.
• Plates are incubated to promote growth, the microorganisms
are counted and results are reported as the number of CFU
per area sampled.
2017/3/4 21
22. RODAC
(Replicate Organism Detection and Counting)
• flat agar surface is above the edges of the dish (so you can press
it on flat surfaces) and a grid, allowing counting of cfu per cm².
2017/3/4 22
23. RODAC Plates
• One objective of surface sampling is to determine the efficiency of
routine cleaning procedures in removing contamination.
- Sampling is done before and after cleaning.
- The medium in the plates contains neutralizing agents,
which inactivate residual disinfectants on the surface to be
tested, allowing comparative results before and after
cleaning.
• RODAC plates are also used to monitor the contamination level of
personnel gowns and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) before
or during manufacturing production.
2017/3/4 23
24. Swabbing method
(Viable, Surface-Bound Particles)
Surface Monitoring
ISO 14644, Fed Std-209E, USP <1116>
• The swabbing method can be used to supplement contact
plates for sampling of irregular surfaces, especially irregular
surfaces of equipment.
• The area that will be swabbed is defined with a sterile template
of appropriate size.
• In general, it is in the range of 24–30 cm2.
• After sample collection the swab is placed in an appropriate
diluent or transport medium and is plated onto the desired
nutrient agar.
2017/3/4 24
27. Growth Media
• Use a growth medium with low selectivity i.e. capable of
supporting a broad spectrum of microorganisms including
bacteria, fungi, yeast and molds.
- SCDM(TSA) is suitable for environmental monitoring in
most cases because it supports the growth of a wide range
of bacteria, yeast, and molds.
- Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) supports yeast and fungal
colonies.
2017/3/4 27
28. Growth Media
• When necessary to detect or search for a particular type of
microorganism a selective culture medium should be used.
- Malt Extract Agar(MEA) is used as a general purpose growth
media to isolate and cultivate yeasts and molds from
clinical samples, as well as a wide range of environmental
sources.
2017/3/4 28
29. Culture Condition
USP 39 <1116>
• Typically, for general microbiological growth media such
as SCDM, incubation temperatures in the ranges of
approximately 20 –35℃ have been used with an incubation
time of not less than 72 hours.
• The temperature ranges given above are by no means
absolute.
• For many mesophilic organisms, recovery is possible over a
range of approximately 20℃ .
2017/3/4 29
30. Culture Condition
USP 39 <1116>
•In the absence of confirmatory evidence, microbiologists
may incubate a single plate at both a low and a higher
temperature. Incubating at the lower temperature first may
compromise the recovery of Gram(+) cocci that are
important because they are often associated with humans.
•Typically, for general microbiological growth media such as
SCDM, incubation temperatures in the ranges of
approximately 20–35℃ have been used with an incubation
time of not less than 72 hours.
- TSA plates are incubated at 30-35°C for 3 days.
- SDA plates are incubated at 20-25°C for 5 days.
(A review of cleanroom microflora: Types, treans, and Pattens. PDA J Pharm Sci Technol ,2011)
2017/3/4 30
38. USP39 <1117>
• Special care should be taken with media that is used in
environmental monitoring studies. Media used for
environmental monitoring of critical areas should preferably
be double-wrapped and terminally sterilized. If terminal
sterilization is not performed, media should be subjected to
pre-incubation and 100% inspection prior to use within a
critical area. This will prevent extraneous contamination
from being carried into controlled environments and will
prevent false-positive results. A raised agar level for surface
contact plates should be verified.
2017/3/4 38