The document outlines the cosine rule for finding the length of the side of a triangle opposite an angle when the other two sides and included angle are known. It derives the formula c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2abcosC and provides examples of applying the rule to solve for side lengths of triangles.
This document discusses using trigonometric functions to model and predict sunrise times throughout the year for a town in Saskatchewan. It provides the latest and earliest sunrise times and asks the reader to sketch the sinusoidal graph and write equations to predict the sunrise time on a given date or find dates when sunrise is at a specific time, like 7:00am.
El documento habla sobre las propuestas políticas en las próximas elecciones en España. Dos partidos, el PSOE y el PP, han aceptado incluir en sus programas una Ley Marco de Protección Animal y modificaciones al Código Penal para endurecer las condenas por maltrato animal. El tercer partido mencionado, IU, apoya las propuestas pero no se compromete a incluirlas en su programa o modificar el Código Penal. El documento concluye esperando que estas promesas no queden en palabras sino se conviertan en acciones reales para
This document discusses solving trigonometric equations and finding coordinates of points on a unit circle. It contains 4 problems: 1) finding coordinates of a point P(n) on a ray containing (9, -40), 2) listing trig ratios for P(n), 3) finding coordinates of a point P at the intersection of a unit circle and line segment from the origin to Q(-5,12). The document provides trigonometric word problems and asks the reader to find specific coordinate points and trigonometric ratios.
1. The document discusses solving trigonometric equations and finding their general solutions. It provides examples of solving equations using inverse trig functions, factoring, and substitution.
2. General solutions to trig equations involve adding integer multiples of the period (2π or 180°) to the solutions to account for all possibilities in the entire domain.
3. Examples show solving equations like cosx = 0.456 by taking the inverse cosine and factoring equations like 3tan^2x + 4tanx + 1 = 0 to find specific solutions and the general form.
Trigonometric equations involve trigonometric functions and can be solved using algebraic techniques like isolating variables, collecting like terms, and factoring. There are two types of trigonometric equations: identical equations that are true for all values of the variable, and conditional equations that are true for some but not all values. To solve trigonometric equations, one should use identities to obtain a single function, substitute values to solve for an angle, or use the quadratic formula if a single function is quadratic.
The document provides information on using the sine rule to solve problems involving triangles, including:
- The sine rule formula relating the sines of the angles of a triangle to its side lengths
- Worked examples of using the sine rule to calculate unknown side lengths and angles
- Formulas for calculating the area of a triangle using its base, height and an angle opposite the base
Here are the key points about true bearings:
- True bearings are always measured clockwise from North
- To find the bearing of point B from point A, start at North and measure the angle clockwise to the line from A to B
- The bearing of Y from X is 120° or S60°E
- The bearing of X from Y would be N60°W
So in summary, true bearings provide a unambiguous way to specify the direction from one point to another by always measuring clockwise from North.
The document outlines the cosine rule for finding the length of the side of a triangle opposite an angle when the other two sides and included angle are known. It derives the formula c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2abcosC and provides examples of applying the rule to solve for side lengths of triangles.
This document discusses using trigonometric functions to model and predict sunrise times throughout the year for a town in Saskatchewan. It provides the latest and earliest sunrise times and asks the reader to sketch the sinusoidal graph and write equations to predict the sunrise time on a given date or find dates when sunrise is at a specific time, like 7:00am.
El documento habla sobre las propuestas políticas en las próximas elecciones en España. Dos partidos, el PSOE y el PP, han aceptado incluir en sus programas una Ley Marco de Protección Animal y modificaciones al Código Penal para endurecer las condenas por maltrato animal. El tercer partido mencionado, IU, apoya las propuestas pero no se compromete a incluirlas en su programa o modificar el Código Penal. El documento concluye esperando que estas promesas no queden en palabras sino se conviertan en acciones reales para
This document discusses solving trigonometric equations and finding coordinates of points on a unit circle. It contains 4 problems: 1) finding coordinates of a point P(n) on a ray containing (9, -40), 2) listing trig ratios for P(n), 3) finding coordinates of a point P at the intersection of a unit circle and line segment from the origin to Q(-5,12). The document provides trigonometric word problems and asks the reader to find specific coordinate points and trigonometric ratios.
1. The document discusses solving trigonometric equations and finding their general solutions. It provides examples of solving equations using inverse trig functions, factoring, and substitution.
2. General solutions to trig equations involve adding integer multiples of the period (2π or 180°) to the solutions to account for all possibilities in the entire domain.
3. Examples show solving equations like cosx = 0.456 by taking the inverse cosine and factoring equations like 3tan^2x + 4tanx + 1 = 0 to find specific solutions and the general form.
Trigonometric equations involve trigonometric functions and can be solved using algebraic techniques like isolating variables, collecting like terms, and factoring. There are two types of trigonometric equations: identical equations that are true for all values of the variable, and conditional equations that are true for some but not all values. To solve trigonometric equations, one should use identities to obtain a single function, substitute values to solve for an angle, or use the quadratic formula if a single function is quadratic.
The document provides information on using the sine rule to solve problems involving triangles, including:
- The sine rule formula relating the sines of the angles of a triangle to its side lengths
- Worked examples of using the sine rule to calculate unknown side lengths and angles
- Formulas for calculating the area of a triangle using its base, height and an angle opposite the base
Here are the key points about true bearings:
- True bearings are always measured clockwise from North
- To find the bearing of point B from point A, start at North and measure the angle clockwise to the line from A to B
- The bearing of Y from X is 120° or S60°E
- The bearing of X from Y would be N60°W
So in summary, true bearings provide a unambiguous way to specify the direction from one point to another by always measuring clockwise from North.
The document discusses trigonometry concepts related to 3D shapes and solving problems involving angles of elevation. Specifically:
- When doing 3D trigonometry, it is often useful to redraw shapes in 2D to analyze them.
- A worked example problem is shown to find the distance and bearing between a life raft (David's position) and a search vessel (Anna's position) based on angles of elevation they each observe of a mountain peak.
- Applying trigonometric relationships involving angles and the mountain's known height, the distance between David and Anna is calculated to be 2799 meters, and the bearing of David from Anna is calculated to be 249°51'.
This document discusses various trigonometric and algebraic identities that can be used to simplify expressions, including Pythagorean identities, trigonometric identities, quotient identities, and reciprocal identities.
This document contains solutions to trigonometric equations on various intervals. It first determines that 4π/5 is not a solution to 2sin(2θ)=0. It then finds that 4π/5 and 7π/6 are solutions to 2cos(3θ)-5=0 on the interval [0,2π]. Similarly, it finds all solutions to equations involving tangent, cosine, sine and combinations of trigonometric functions on specified intervals through repetitive use of trigonometric identities and interval arithmetic.
The document discusses differentiability and implicit differentiation. It defines differentiability as a function having a smooth, continuous curve at a point. It provides examples of determining if functions are differentiable at various points. It then introduces implicit differentiation and uses it to find the derivative of implicitly defined functions. It works through examples of using implicit differentiation to find derivatives and the equation of a tangent line to an implicitly defined curve at a given point.
Trigonometric equations may have multiple solutions that must be found. To solve such an equation: isolate the trigonometric function, use the inverse function to find the first solution, use the unit circle to find a second solution, and use the periodic nature of trig functions to state the general solution accounting for all possibilities. For example, isolate the trig function, use the inverse to find one solution, use the unit circle to find another, and use periodicity to give the full general solution.
Slideshare is discontinuing its Slidecast feature as of February 28, 2014. Existing Slidecasts will be converted to static presentations without audio by April 30, 2014. The document informs users that new slidecasts can be found on myPlick.com or the author's blog starting in 2014. However, myPlick proved unreliable, so future slidecasts will instead be hosted on the author's YouTube channel.
The document discusses different methods for factorising expressions:
1) Looking for a common factor and dividing it out of all terms
2) Using the difference of two squares formula (a2 - b2 = (a - b)(a + b))
3) Factorising quadratic trinomials into two binomial factors by identifying the values that multiply to give the constant term and sum to give the coefficient of the linear term.
The document provides information on index laws and the meaning of indices in algebra:
- Index laws state that am × an = am+n, am ÷ an = am-n, and (am)n = amn. Exponents can be added or subtracted when multiplying or dividing terms with the same base.
- Positive exponents indicate a term is raised to a power. Negative exponents indicate a root is being taken. Terms with exponents are evaluated from left to right.
- Examples demonstrate how to simplify expressions using index laws and interpret different types of indices.
12 x1 t01 03 integrating derivative on function (2013)Nigel Simmons
The document discusses integrating derivatives of functions. It states that the integral of the derivative of a function f(x) is equal to the natural log of f(x) plus a constant. It then provides examples of integrating several derivatives: (i) ∫(1/(7-3x)) dx = -1/3 log(7-3x) + c, (ii) ∫(1/(8x+5)) dx = 1/8 log(8x+5) + c, and (iii) ∫(x5/(x-2)) dx = 1/6 log(x6-2) + c. It also discusses techniques for integrating fractions by polynomial long division and finds
The document discusses logarithms and their properties. Logarithms are defined as the inverse of exponentials. If y = ax, then x = loga y. The natural logarithm is log base e, written as ln. Properties of logarithms include: loga m + loga n = loga mn; loga m - loga n = loga(m/n); loga mn = n loga m; loga 1 = 0; loga a = 1. Examples of evaluating logarithmic expressions are provided.
The document discusses relationships between the coefficients and roots of polynomials. It states that for a polynomial P(x) = axn + bxn-1 + cxn-2 + ..., the sum of the roots equals -b/a, the sum of the roots taken two at a time equals c/a, and so on for higher order terms. It also provides examples of using these relationships to find the sums of roots for a given polynomial.
P
4
3
2
The document discusses properties of polynomials with multiple roots. It first proves that if a polynomial P(x) has a root x = a of multiplicity m, then the derivative of P(x), P'(x), will have a root x = a of multiplicity m-1. It then provides an example of solving a cubic equation given it has a double root. Finally, it examines a quartic polynomial and shows that its root α cannot be 0, 1, or -1, and that 1/
The document discusses factorizing complex expressions. The main points are:
- If a polynomial's coefficients are real, its roots will appear in complex conjugate pairs.
- Any polynomial of degree n can be factorized into a mixture of quadratic and linear factors over real numbers, or into n linear factors over complex numbers.
- Odd degree polynomials must have at least one real root.
- Examples of factorizing polynomials over both real and complex numbers are provided.
The document describes the Trapezoidal Rule for approximating the area under a curve between two points. It shows that the area A is estimated by dividing the region into trapezoids with height equal to the function values at the interval endpoints and bases equal to the intervals. In general, the area is approximated as the sum of the areas of each trapezoid, which is equal to the average of the endpoint function values multiplied by the interval length.
The document discusses trigonometry concepts related to 3D shapes and solving problems involving angles of elevation. Specifically:
- When doing 3D trigonometry, it is often useful to redraw shapes in 2D to analyze them.
- A worked example problem is shown to find the distance and bearing between a life raft (David's position) and a search vessel (Anna's position) based on angles of elevation they each observe of a mountain peak.
- Applying trigonometric relationships involving angles and the mountain's known height, the distance between David and Anna is calculated to be 2799 meters, and the bearing of David from Anna is calculated to be 249°51'.
This document discusses various trigonometric and algebraic identities that can be used to simplify expressions, including Pythagorean identities, trigonometric identities, quotient identities, and reciprocal identities.
This document contains solutions to trigonometric equations on various intervals. It first determines that 4π/5 is not a solution to 2sin(2θ)=0. It then finds that 4π/5 and 7π/6 are solutions to 2cos(3θ)-5=0 on the interval [0,2π]. Similarly, it finds all solutions to equations involving tangent, cosine, sine and combinations of trigonometric functions on specified intervals through repetitive use of trigonometric identities and interval arithmetic.
The document discusses differentiability and implicit differentiation. It defines differentiability as a function having a smooth, continuous curve at a point. It provides examples of determining if functions are differentiable at various points. It then introduces implicit differentiation and uses it to find the derivative of implicitly defined functions. It works through examples of using implicit differentiation to find derivatives and the equation of a tangent line to an implicitly defined curve at a given point.
Trigonometric equations may have multiple solutions that must be found. To solve such an equation: isolate the trigonometric function, use the inverse function to find the first solution, use the unit circle to find a second solution, and use the periodic nature of trig functions to state the general solution accounting for all possibilities. For example, isolate the trig function, use the inverse to find one solution, use the unit circle to find another, and use periodicity to give the full general solution.
Slideshare is discontinuing its Slidecast feature as of February 28, 2014. Existing Slidecasts will be converted to static presentations without audio by April 30, 2014. The document informs users that new slidecasts can be found on myPlick.com or the author's blog starting in 2014. However, myPlick proved unreliable, so future slidecasts will instead be hosted on the author's YouTube channel.
The document discusses different methods for factorising expressions:
1) Looking for a common factor and dividing it out of all terms
2) Using the difference of two squares formula (a2 - b2 = (a - b)(a + b))
3) Factorising quadratic trinomials into two binomial factors by identifying the values that multiply to give the constant term and sum to give the coefficient of the linear term.
The document provides information on index laws and the meaning of indices in algebra:
- Index laws state that am × an = am+n, am ÷ an = am-n, and (am)n = amn. Exponents can be added or subtracted when multiplying or dividing terms with the same base.
- Positive exponents indicate a term is raised to a power. Negative exponents indicate a root is being taken. Terms with exponents are evaluated from left to right.
- Examples demonstrate how to simplify expressions using index laws and interpret different types of indices.
12 x1 t01 03 integrating derivative on function (2013)Nigel Simmons
The document discusses integrating derivatives of functions. It states that the integral of the derivative of a function f(x) is equal to the natural log of f(x) plus a constant. It then provides examples of integrating several derivatives: (i) ∫(1/(7-3x)) dx = -1/3 log(7-3x) + c, (ii) ∫(1/(8x+5)) dx = 1/8 log(8x+5) + c, and (iii) ∫(x5/(x-2)) dx = 1/6 log(x6-2) + c. It also discusses techniques for integrating fractions by polynomial long division and finds
The document discusses logarithms and their properties. Logarithms are defined as the inverse of exponentials. If y = ax, then x = loga y. The natural logarithm is log base e, written as ln. Properties of logarithms include: loga m + loga n = loga mn; loga m - loga n = loga(m/n); loga mn = n loga m; loga 1 = 0; loga a = 1. Examples of evaluating logarithmic expressions are provided.
The document discusses relationships between the coefficients and roots of polynomials. It states that for a polynomial P(x) = axn + bxn-1 + cxn-2 + ..., the sum of the roots equals -b/a, the sum of the roots taken two at a time equals c/a, and so on for higher order terms. It also provides examples of using these relationships to find the sums of roots for a given polynomial.
P
4
3
2
The document discusses properties of polynomials with multiple roots. It first proves that if a polynomial P(x) has a root x = a of multiplicity m, then the derivative of P(x), P'(x), will have a root x = a of multiplicity m-1. It then provides an example of solving a cubic equation given it has a double root. Finally, it examines a quartic polynomial and shows that its root α cannot be 0, 1, or -1, and that 1/
The document discusses factorizing complex expressions. The main points are:
- If a polynomial's coefficients are real, its roots will appear in complex conjugate pairs.
- Any polynomial of degree n can be factorized into a mixture of quadratic and linear factors over real numbers, or into n linear factors over complex numbers.
- Odd degree polynomials must have at least one real root.
- Examples of factorizing polynomials over both real and complex numbers are provided.
The document describes the Trapezoidal Rule for approximating the area under a curve between two points. It shows that the area A is estimated by dividing the region into trapezoids with height equal to the function values at the interval endpoints and bases equal to the intervals. In general, the area is approximated as the sum of the areas of each trapezoid, which is equal to the average of the endpoint function values multiplied by the interval length.
The document discusses methods for calculating the volumes of solids of revolution. It provides formulas for finding volumes when an area is revolved around either the x-axis or y-axis. Examples are given for finding volumes of common solids like cones, spheres, and others. Steps are shown for using the formulas to calculate volumes based on given functions and limits of revolution.
The document discusses different methods for calculating the area under a curve or between curves.
(1) The area below the x-axis is given by the integral of the function between the bounds, which can be positive or negative depending on whether the area is above or below the x-axis.
(2) To calculate the area on the y-axis, the function is solved for x in terms of y, then the bounds are substituted into the integral of this new function with respect to y.
(3) The area between two curves is calculated by taking the integral of the upper curve minus the integral of the lower curve, both between the same bounds on the x-axis.
The document discusses 8 properties of definite integrals:
1) Integrating polynomials results in a fraction.
2) Constants can be factored out of integrals.
3) Integrals of sums are equal to the sum of integrals.
4) Splitting an integral range results in the sum of the integrals.
5) Integrals of positive functions over a range are positive, and negative if the function is negative.
6) Integrals can be compared based on the relative values of the integrands.
7) Changing the limits of integration flips the sign of the integral.
8) Integrals of odd functions over a symmetric range are zero, and integrals of even functions are twice the integral over