11 chapter 9 types of change in matter
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Physical changes are reversible changes that do not result in new substances, such as changes between solid, liquid, and gas states of matter or dissolving substances like sugar. Chemical changes are irreversible and result in one or more new substances through processes like burning, rusting, or baking, and can be identified by a change in color, scent, bubbling, or release/absorption of heat.
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Changes in matter - Science grade 5
In this lesson you will learn the two types of changes happened in matter, physical and chemical change.
Physical and chemical change
Project Name: Chemical and Physical changes
Chemical and Physical changes occur around us in day-to-day life, in our surroundings. Understanding them will help us better understand our world.
1. CHANGE
Any change in the scientific mosaic, i.e. a transition from one accepted theory to another or from one employed method to another. (Source: Scientific Change - Encyclopedia of Scientonomy) .
It can be of two types:
1. Chemical Change
2. Physical Change
CHEMICAL CHANGE:
Change in shape and size of a substance by forming a new substance with new properties.
The new substance formed cannot be turned back into its original state.
PHYSICAL CHANGE:
Change in shape and size of a substance that does not alter the properties of a substance.
A substance formed may be turned back into its original state.
Fact: The burning of the candle represents both physical and chemical change. As it melts physically it changes its states, while chemically CO2 (a gas) release during the burning of the candle.
Physical & chemical change
This document discusses the difference between physical and chemical changes in matter. A physical change alters the form or properties of a substance without changing its chemical composition, such as cutting, crushing, dissolving, or changes in state. A chemical change results in one or more new substances being formed through chemical reactions, evidenced by signs like color change, bubbling, gas production or temperature change. Examples of physical changes given are melting ice, sawing wood, and evaporating a puddle. Chemical change examples include burning fuels, baking a cake, and dissolving sugar in tea.
2 physical and chemical change
Physical changes alter the form of a substance but do not create new substances, while chemical changes result in one or more new substances forming. Signs of a chemical change include a change in color, scent, the release or absorption of heat, or fizzing. Examples provided demonstrate whether various processes like burning wood, rusting iron, melting butter, and dissolving salt are physical or chemical changes, and whether they are reversible.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE
This document discusses the differences between physical and chemical changes. Physical changes can be easily undone and do not change the substance's composition, though the substance's state or the arrangement of its molecules may change. Chemical changes result in a new substance through molecular rearrangement and cannot be easily reversed. Examples of physical changes include breaking or cutting an object, while examples of chemical changes include burning wood or digesting food.
Chapter 2 physical and chemical change
Changes can be classified in several ways, including whether they are reversible or irreversible, desirable or undesirable, and physical or chemical. Reversible changes can be undone by changing conditions back, while irreversible changes form new substances. Desirable changes are useful, like digestion, while undesirable changes are harmful, like rusting. Physical changes alter a substance's properties but not its chemical makeup, through processes like melting, freezing, and dissolving. Chemical changes create new substances through chemical reactions like burning and fermentation. Chemical changes also involve changes in mass or energy absorption/release.
Changes in matter- Science Grade 4
In this lesson you will learn the physical change and chemical change are changes happened in matter.
Physical Or Chemical Change Picture Quiz
A picture quiz to get students to identify chemical changes and physical changes. Could be used as an introduction to a lesson or as an assessment of their learning afterwards.
Recommended
Changes in matter - Science grade 5
In this lesson you will learn the two types of changes happened in matter, physical and chemical change.
Physical and chemical change
Project Name: Chemical and Physical changes
Chemical and Physical changes occur around us in day-to-day life, in our surroundings. Understanding them will help us better understand our world.
1. CHANGE
Any change in the scientific mosaic, i.e. a transition from one accepted theory to another or from one employed method to another. (Source: Scientific Change - Encyclopedia of Scientonomy) .
It can be of two types:
1. Chemical Change
2. Physical Change
CHEMICAL CHANGE:
Change in shape and size of a substance by forming a new substance with new properties.
The new substance formed cannot be turned back into its original state.
PHYSICAL CHANGE:
Change in shape and size of a substance that does not alter the properties of a substance.
A substance formed may be turned back into its original state.
Fact: The burning of the candle represents both physical and chemical change. As it melts physically it changes its states, while chemically CO2 (a gas) release during the burning of the candle.
Physical & chemical change
This document discusses the difference between physical and chemical changes in matter. A physical change alters the form or properties of a substance without changing its chemical composition, such as cutting, crushing, dissolving, or changes in state. A chemical change results in one or more new substances being formed through chemical reactions, evidenced by signs like color change, bubbling, gas production or temperature change. Examples of physical changes given are melting ice, sawing wood, and evaporating a puddle. Chemical change examples include burning fuels, baking a cake, and dissolving sugar in tea.
2 physical and chemical change
Physical changes alter the form of a substance but do not create new substances, while chemical changes result in one or more new substances forming. Signs of a chemical change include a change in color, scent, the release or absorption of heat, or fizzing. Examples provided demonstrate whether various processes like burning wood, rusting iron, melting butter, and dissolving salt are physical or chemical changes, and whether they are reversible.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE
This document discusses the differences between physical and chemical changes. Physical changes can be easily undone and do not change the substance's composition, though the substance's state or the arrangement of its molecules may change. Chemical changes result in a new substance through molecular rearrangement and cannot be easily reversed. Examples of physical changes include breaking or cutting an object, while examples of chemical changes include burning wood or digesting food.
Chapter 2 physical and chemical change
Changes can be classified in several ways, including whether they are reversible or irreversible, desirable or undesirable, and physical or chemical. Reversible changes can be undone by changing conditions back, while irreversible changes form new substances. Desirable changes are useful, like digestion, while undesirable changes are harmful, like rusting. Physical changes alter a substance's properties but not its chemical makeup, through processes like melting, freezing, and dissolving. Chemical changes create new substances through chemical reactions like burning and fermentation. Chemical changes also involve changes in mass or energy absorption/release.
Changes in matter- Science Grade 4
In this lesson you will learn the physical change and chemical change are changes happened in matter.
Physical Or Chemical Change Picture Quiz
A picture quiz to get students to identify chemical changes and physical changes. Could be used as an introduction to a lesson or as an assessment of their learning afterwards.
Changes around us
The document lists and describes examples of physical and chemical changes. Physical changes include changes in state through melting, boiling, evaporation, or freezing, which do not alter the chemical makeup of the substance. Chemical changes result in the formation of new chemical substances through chemical reactions, such as burning, rusting, cooking, and digestion.
1/11/12
A physical change alters a substance's physical properties but not its chemical identity, while a chemical change transforms a substance into different substances through breaking or forming of chemical bonds. Changes in color, mass, or release of gases indicate a chemical change has occurred, whereas changes in state or phase without a new substance forming signal a physical change. Students can identify if a change is physical or chemical based on observable evidence like changes in properties or formation of new substances.
Chemical Properties Of Matter
Chemical properties describe how a substance can change into a new substance with different properties. There are two main chemical properties: flammability, which is the ability of a substance to burn, and reactivity, which is when two substances interact and cause a reaction like bubbling, fizzing, or a color change. Chemical properties can be observed through reactions like iron rusting when interacting with oxygen or acids, but are sometimes difficult to see without causing a reaction, like the flammability of wood.
Grade 9, U1-L5 Physical and chemical changes
A physical change alters the size, shape, or state of a substance without changing its chemical identity, and can be reversed. A chemical change transforms one or more substances into different substances with new properties, as indicated by a color change, formation of a precipitate or gas, or release of heat or light, and cannot easily be reversed.
Physical Changes
A physical change alters an object's physical properties but does not change its chemical composition. Physical changes include changes in size, shape, and state of matter. They can often be reversed, such as cutting and rejoining a piece of paper or melting and resolidifying a solid. Examples of physical changes provided in the document are cutting paper, molding clay, changes of state between solid, liquid and gas, and forming mixtures and solutions.
Changes in materials
This document defines key terms and discusses physical and chemical changes in matter. It defines porosity, density, and biodegradability. Physical changes alter a material's appearance through processes like bending, cutting, and melting, which change size and shape but not composition. Chemical changes produce new substances through chemical reactions like burning and rusting. The document provides examples of physical changes like phase changes and chemical changes like cooking and provides a review questions to test the reader's understanding.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE
This document discusses physical and chemical changes through examples. It describes how rust forms on iron when exposed to oxygen and water, which is a chemical change represented by the equation Fe + O2 + H2O โ Fe2O3. A physical change is also discussed, where burning magnesium ribbon leaves an ash that forms an acidic solution when mixed with water. Experiments are presented on burning magnesium ribbon, the reaction of iron and copper sulfate solution, and using limewater to test for carbon dioxide.
Physical and chemical changes
Physical and chemical changes can be distinguished based on whether the chemical composition changes. A physical change alters the physical properties of a substance without changing its chemical makeup, while a chemical change produces new substances through changes in chemical bonds. Some key differences are that physical changes are typically reversible and do not involve changes in mass or energy, while chemical changes are irreversible reactions that do involve mass and energy changes. Examples of physical changes include melting, freezing, and dissolving, while examples of chemical changes include combustion and rusting. Chemical reactions require close contact between reactants and an input of energy to allow bonds to break and form.
Properties of matter
The document discusses different types of properties of matter including physical properties like color, density, and boiling point as well as chemical properties involving reactions. It distinguishes between physical changes that alter properties without changing composition, like melting, and chemical changes that result in new substances forming. Examples are provided to illustrate intensive and extensive physical properties as well as physical and chemical changes in substances.
Physical & Chemical Changes
This document contains notes from a science class discussing physical and chemical properties and changes. It includes definitions of physical properties, physical changes, chemical properties, and chemical changes. There are descriptions of 5 clues that indicate a chemical change may have occurred. The document outlines several mini labs and demonstrations for students to observe physical and chemical changes, including reactions involving magnesium and hydrochloric acid, milk and vinegar, baking soda and vinegar, and a mystery substance in a test tube.
Fs slide presentation
Albert invites the reader on a journey to discover the world of science. The document then provides definitions and examples of physical and chemical changes. Physical changes alter a substance's form or properties but not its chemical composition, such as tearing paper or breaking stone. Chemical changes are irreversible and produce new substances, like rusting iron or burning wood. The summary concludes by thanking the reader for learning about the differences between physical and chemical changes.
Matter and change_pp
This document discusses key concepts about matter and changes in matter. It defines physical and chemical properties, and provides examples of each. Physical properties can be observed without changing the chemical composition, while chemical properties involve chemical reactions. The three states of matter - solids, liquids, and gases - are defined, along with their characteristic properties. Mixtures and substances are classified. Methods for separating mixtures, including filtration, magnetism, density, distillation, and chromatography are outlined. The document also distinguishes between physical and chemical changes, and provides clues to identify chemical changes such as formation of gases, precipitates, or changes in color, energy, or pH.
Chemical change
1. The document discusses different types of changes that can occur to materials and substances. It defines a chemical change as one where a material loses its original substance and forms a new one, as indicated by changes in properties like color, odor, smell, or the production of bubbles or heat.
2. Examples are provided of materials that undergo chemical changes, like rotten cabbage, rusted iron nails, and cooked rice due to reactions like decay, rusting, and cooking respectively.
3. The reader is prompted to identify whether certain changes like decaying fruits or rusting nails involve chemical or physical changes.
physical and chemical changes | Introduction
This is 7th standard chapter 6 cbse science part.
It contains physical change part only.
Check out other slides for more topics.
Unit checks chemistry4 questions
This document provides a unit check asking students to identify 12 examples as either chemical or physical changes. The examples include ice melting, cutting paper, burning rocket fuel, sawing wood, a bike chain rusting, evaporating a puddle, a candle burning, sugar dissolving in water, dry ice, coloring paper with crayons, an egg rotting, and baking muffins. Students must decide if each change listed is a chemical change or a physical change.
physical and chemical changes | Physical change
This is 7th standard chapter 6 cbse science part.
It contains physical change part only.
Check out other slides for more topics.
Physical & chemical properties & changes
Physical changes alter the form or appearance of a substance but do not change its chemical identity, allowing it to be changed back. Chemical changes cause the identity of the substance to change as it reacts to form new substances that cannot revert to the original. Key signs of a chemical change include production of a gas, change in color or solid formation, and changes in temperature or energy during the reaction.
Physical vs chemical change
Physical changes alter the size, shape, or form of matter but do not create new substances, and can often be reversed, such as freezing and melting water or chopping celery. Chemical changes result in new substances through molecular rearrangements that cannot be undone, like rust forming on nails, fireworks exploding, or cookies baking. Chemical reactions exhibit telltale signs like producing gas, releasing heat, forming precipitates, or causing color changes.
Physical properties and changes
Physical properties and changes involve observable characteristics without altering a substance's identity. Most physical changes are reversible as they only affect form and not the underlying chemical makeup. Physical properties include those that can be observed or measured without a chemical change occurring to the substance.
Chemistry 4 Changes in Matter
The document discusses the differences between physical and chemical changes in matter. It defines matter as anything that has mass and takes up space. Physical properties can be observed without changing the identity of a substance, while chemical properties involve changes in the chemical composition or atomic structure of a substance. Physical changes alter the physical properties of matter without changing its chemical makeup, while chemical changes result in different substances forming as a result of atomic rearrangement. Examples of physical and chemical changes are provided to illustrate the differences.
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The muscular system helps animals move by contracting muscles. The excretory system, which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, removes waste from the blood and stores and passes out urine. The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs and controls body organs, coordinates muscle movement, and interprets information from the senses. The respiratory system provides oxygen to cells by breathing in oxygen through the nose into the lungs and breathing out carbon dioxide through the trachea and lungs.
17 body systems continue
The document discusses problems that can occur with major organs like the heart, lungs, brain, kidneys, liver, and stomach if they do not function properly. It notes that high blood pressure can cause blood vessels to burst in the heart leading to a heart attack or in the brain leading to a stroke. Lung problems like asthma can reduce oxygen flow while smoking damages the lungs. Brain cell death from lack of blood flow can cause loss of abilities. Kidney and liver failure leads to waste buildup, requiring dialysis. Stomach issues cover indigestion and infections. Treatments include medicines, operations, nursing care, organ transplants, and dialysis.
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Changes around us
The document lists and describes examples of physical and chemical changes. Physical changes include changes in state through melting, boiling, evaporation, or freezing, which do not alter the chemical makeup of the substance. Chemical changes result in the formation of new chemical substances through chemical reactions, such as burning, rusting, cooking, and digestion.
1/11/12
A physical change alters a substance's physical properties but not its chemical identity, while a chemical change transforms a substance into different substances through breaking or forming of chemical bonds. Changes in color, mass, or release of gases indicate a chemical change has occurred, whereas changes in state or phase without a new substance forming signal a physical change. Students can identify if a change is physical or chemical based on observable evidence like changes in properties or formation of new substances.
Chemical Properties Of Matter
Chemical properties describe how a substance can change into a new substance with different properties. There are two main chemical properties: flammability, which is the ability of a substance to burn, and reactivity, which is when two substances interact and cause a reaction like bubbling, fizzing, or a color change. Chemical properties can be observed through reactions like iron rusting when interacting with oxygen or acids, but are sometimes difficult to see without causing a reaction, like the flammability of wood.
Grade 9, U1-L5 Physical and chemical changes
A physical change alters the size, shape, or state of a substance without changing its chemical identity, and can be reversed. A chemical change transforms one or more substances into different substances with new properties, as indicated by a color change, formation of a precipitate or gas, or release of heat or light, and cannot easily be reversed.
Physical Changes
A physical change alters an object's physical properties but does not change its chemical composition. Physical changes include changes in size, shape, and state of matter. They can often be reversed, such as cutting and rejoining a piece of paper or melting and resolidifying a solid. Examples of physical changes provided in the document are cutting paper, molding clay, changes of state between solid, liquid and gas, and forming mixtures and solutions.
Changes in materials
This document defines key terms and discusses physical and chemical changes in matter. It defines porosity, density, and biodegradability. Physical changes alter a material's appearance through processes like bending, cutting, and melting, which change size and shape but not composition. Chemical changes produce new substances through chemical reactions like burning and rusting. The document provides examples of physical changes like phase changes and chemical changes like cooking and provides a review questions to test the reader's understanding.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE
This document discusses physical and chemical changes through examples. It describes how rust forms on iron when exposed to oxygen and water, which is a chemical change represented by the equation Fe + O2 + H2O โ Fe2O3. A physical change is also discussed, where burning magnesium ribbon leaves an ash that forms an acidic solution when mixed with water. Experiments are presented on burning magnesium ribbon, the reaction of iron and copper sulfate solution, and using limewater to test for carbon dioxide.
Physical and chemical changes
Physical and chemical changes can be distinguished based on whether the chemical composition changes. A physical change alters the physical properties of a substance without changing its chemical makeup, while a chemical change produces new substances through changes in chemical bonds. Some key differences are that physical changes are typically reversible and do not involve changes in mass or energy, while chemical changes are irreversible reactions that do involve mass and energy changes. Examples of physical changes include melting, freezing, and dissolving, while examples of chemical changes include combustion and rusting. Chemical reactions require close contact between reactants and an input of energy to allow bonds to break and form.
Properties of matter
The document discusses different types of properties of matter including physical properties like color, density, and boiling point as well as chemical properties involving reactions. It distinguishes between physical changes that alter properties without changing composition, like melting, and chemical changes that result in new substances forming. Examples are provided to illustrate intensive and extensive physical properties as well as physical and chemical changes in substances.
Physical & Chemical Changes
This document contains notes from a science class discussing physical and chemical properties and changes. It includes definitions of physical properties, physical changes, chemical properties, and chemical changes. There are descriptions of 5 clues that indicate a chemical change may have occurred. The document outlines several mini labs and demonstrations for students to observe physical and chemical changes, including reactions involving magnesium and hydrochloric acid, milk and vinegar, baking soda and vinegar, and a mystery substance in a test tube.
Fs slide presentation
Albert invites the reader on a journey to discover the world of science. The document then provides definitions and examples of physical and chemical changes. Physical changes alter a substance's form or properties but not its chemical composition, such as tearing paper or breaking stone. Chemical changes are irreversible and produce new substances, like rusting iron or burning wood. The summary concludes by thanking the reader for learning about the differences between physical and chemical changes.
Matter and change_pp
This document discusses key concepts about matter and changes in matter. It defines physical and chemical properties, and provides examples of each. Physical properties can be observed without changing the chemical composition, while chemical properties involve chemical reactions. The three states of matter - solids, liquids, and gases - are defined, along with their characteristic properties. Mixtures and substances are classified. Methods for separating mixtures, including filtration, magnetism, density, distillation, and chromatography are outlined. The document also distinguishes between physical and chemical changes, and provides clues to identify chemical changes such as formation of gases, precipitates, or changes in color, energy, or pH.
Chemical change
1. The document discusses different types of changes that can occur to materials and substances. It defines a chemical change as one where a material loses its original substance and forms a new one, as indicated by changes in properties like color, odor, smell, or the production of bubbles or heat.
2. Examples are provided of materials that undergo chemical changes, like rotten cabbage, rusted iron nails, and cooked rice due to reactions like decay, rusting, and cooking respectively.
3. The reader is prompted to identify whether certain changes like decaying fruits or rusting nails involve chemical or physical changes.
physical and chemical changes | Introduction
This is 7th standard chapter 6 cbse science part.
It contains physical change part only.
Check out other slides for more topics.
Unit checks chemistry4 questions
This document provides a unit check asking students to identify 12 examples as either chemical or physical changes. The examples include ice melting, cutting paper, burning rocket fuel, sawing wood, a bike chain rusting, evaporating a puddle, a candle burning, sugar dissolving in water, dry ice, coloring paper with crayons, an egg rotting, and baking muffins. Students must decide if each change listed is a chemical change or a physical change.
physical and chemical changes | Physical change
This is 7th standard chapter 6 cbse science part.
It contains physical change part only.
Check out other slides for more topics.
Physical & chemical properties & changes
Physical changes alter the form or appearance of a substance but do not change its chemical identity, allowing it to be changed back. Chemical changes cause the identity of the substance to change as it reacts to form new substances that cannot revert to the original. Key signs of a chemical change include production of a gas, change in color or solid formation, and changes in temperature or energy during the reaction.
Physical vs chemical change
Physical changes alter the size, shape, or form of matter but do not create new substances, and can often be reversed, such as freezing and melting water or chopping celery. Chemical changes result in new substances through molecular rearrangements that cannot be undone, like rust forming on nails, fireworks exploding, or cookies baking. Chemical reactions exhibit telltale signs like producing gas, releasing heat, forming precipitates, or causing color changes.
Physical properties and changes
Physical properties and changes involve observable characteristics without altering a substance's identity. Most physical changes are reversible as they only affect form and not the underlying chemical makeup. Physical properties include those that can be observed or measured without a chemical change occurring to the substance.
Chemistry 4 Changes in Matter
The document discusses the differences between physical and chemical changes in matter. It defines matter as anything that has mass and takes up space. Physical properties can be observed without changing the identity of a substance, while chemical properties involve changes in the chemical composition or atomic structure of a substance. Physical changes alter the physical properties of matter without changing its chemical makeup, while chemical changes result in different substances forming as a result of atomic rearrangement. Examples of physical and chemical changes are provided to illustrate the differences.
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The muscular system helps animals move by contracting muscles. The excretory system, which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, removes waste from the blood and stores and passes out urine. The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs and controls body organs, coordinates muscle movement, and interprets information from the senses. The respiratory system provides oxygen to cells by breathing in oxygen through the nose into the lungs and breathing out carbon dioxide through the trachea and lungs.
17 body systems continue
The document discusses problems that can occur with major organs like the heart, lungs, brain, kidneys, liver, and stomach if they do not function properly. It notes that high blood pressure can cause blood vessels to burst in the heart leading to a heart attack or in the brain leading to a stroke. Lung problems like asthma can reduce oxygen flow while smoking damages the lungs. Brain cell death from lack of blood flow can cause loss of abilities. Kidney and liver failure leads to waste buildup, requiring dialysis. Stomach issues cover indigestion and infections. Treatments include medicines, operations, nursing care, organ transplants, and dialysis.
10 chapter 9 mixtures
This document discusses different types of mixtures and methods for separating mixtures. It defines suspensions and solutions as two types of mixtures, with suspensions having parts that settle out over time and solutions having parts that are evenly distributed. It also defines key terms like solutes, solvents, and solubility. Finally, it outlines several common separation methods like filtration, evaporation, magnets, and distillation.
F the water cycle
Droplets join together in clouds and become too heavy, falling as rain. Some rain soaks into the soil for plants, some evaporates, some runs into streams and rivers, and some is collected as groundwater by flowing deeper into soil until reaching impermeable rock layers.
E chapter 9 changes matter part2
The document defines and provides examples of different physical changes of state: melting, evaporation, condensation, freezing, and sublimation. It states that melting, evaporation, condensation, and freezing are reversible processes, while sublimation is irreversible. These changes in state from solid to liquid to gas are considered physical changes because they only alter the form of the substance without changing its chemical composition. The document also defines melting point, boiling point, and freezing point using the example of water.
22 heat
Heat is a form of energy that is transferred from hotter objects to colder objects. It causes particles in objects to move faster and take up more space, resulting in expansion. Heat comes from sources like the sun, fire, and friction between objects. It is transferred through conduction, with hotter bodies losing heat energy to cooler bodies. Temperature measures the thermal energy or heat of an object, with higher temperatures indicating more heat energy. Thermometers use the expansion of liquids like mercury or alcohol to measure temperature on scales like Celsius and Fahrenheit. Materials that conduct heat well are called thermal conductors while thermal insulators conduct heat poorly.
12lesson 5 body systems part1
The skeletal system protects soft organs like the heart and lungs, provides support and structure for the body, and allows for movement. It is made up of bones, including the hips, spine, shoulders, knees, and more. Bones are living tissues that are light yet strong, and contain soft bone marrow where most blood cells are produced. X-rays allow doctors to see inside the body and examine the skeletal system. Babies are born with more bones that fuse together into the 206 bones that make up an adult's skeleton. There are different types of bone fractures, such as clean breaks when the bone splits completely or green stick fractures when the bone cracks only partially.
D chapter 9 cassifying matter
This document defines key vocabulary related to matter including matter, mass, volume, and density. It explains that matter is anything that has mass and takes up space, existing as solids, liquids, or gases. Mass refers to how much matter makes up an object, while volume is the amount of space an object takes up. Density measures how heavy or light an object is compared to its volume. Laboratory tools like balances and cylinders are used to measure mass and volume. The document reviews that matter is defined as anything having mass and volume.
9scientificmethodbr variable ppt2 good
In any experiment there are three types of variables: independent variables which are purposefully changed, dependent variables which are measured, and controlled variables which are kept the same to have a fair test. Examples provided investigate how elastic band length is affected by weight, cooling rate of water depends on initial temperature, time to complete a puzzle varies by student age, boiling time of an egg relates to water temperature, and water temperature differs by pond depth.
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Our solar system is made up of the Sun and everything that orbits around it, including eight planets. The planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Earth is the third planet from the Sun and is the only known planet that can support life. The Earth spins on its axis, causing day and night, and orbits the Sun once a year, causing changes in seasons as it moves closer and farther from the Sun over the course of the year. In addition to planets, our solar system contains other objects like asteroids, meteoroids, and comets.
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The circulatory system moves blood around the body using the heart and blood vessels. The heart is a muscular organ made of four chambers that acts as a pump. A person's pulse is a measure of their heart rate in beats per minute, which increases with exercise as muscles need more oxygen and decreases with sleep when muscles need less oxygen. Doctors use a stethoscope to listen to sounds in the chest by funneling them to the ears to diagnose issues with the circulatory system.
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Teeth are used to break down food into smaller pieces for swallowing. There are different types of teeth that serve different functions, such as incisors for cutting, canines for tearing, and molars for grinding. Humans develop two sets of teeth - milk (baby) teeth which are replaced by permanent adult teeth. Proper dental hygiene including brushing twice a day, using fluoride toothpaste, limiting sugary foods, and regular dental checkups helps maintain healthy teeth and prevents decay.
18 earth's movement part1
The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours, causing day and night, and revolves around the sun over the course of 365 days, resulting in four seasons. The side of Earth facing the sun experiences day while the side facing away experiences night, and the hemisphere tilted toward the sun has summer while the hemisphere tilted away has winter.
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This document discusses different types of celestial objects including dwarf planets, comets, and asteroids. Dwarf planets are made of ice and dust and orbit the sun, examples include Pluto, Eris, and Ceres. Comets are mixtures of ice and frozen gases and dust that can orbit planets or land on them, collecting scientific information. The document also mentions Claudius Ptolemy, an ancient astronomer who believed the Earth was the center of the universe, and Galileo Galilei, an early astronomer who built a telescope and used it to discover Jupiter's moons, concluding the Sun is at the center of the solar system rather than the Earth.
16 body systems part5
The document discusses several body systems including the reproductive, immune, and endocrine systems. The reproductive system includes both male and female organs and is responsible for producing sperm and egg cells. The immune system is a network that protects the body from pathogens using cells, tissues, and organs. The endocrine system is made up of glands that release hormones like adrenaline to regulate functions in the body.
P.p.t for electricity and magnetism
1) Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms contain protons with a positive charge, neutrons with no charge, and electrons with a negative charge.
2) When an object is rubbed against another, like a balloon rubbed on wool, electrons can be transferred, leaving one object with an excess of electrons and a negative charge and the other with a deficit of electrons and a positive charge.
3) Static electricity involves a buildup of electric charge that does not flow, while current electricity involves a flow of charges through a conducting pathway called a circuit that contains a power source and something that uses the power, like a light bulb.
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The document describes the basic human digestive system. It consists of a long tube where food is broken down into nutrients. The mouth contains salivary glands that produce saliva, teeth that grind food, and a tongue that helps swallow. The esophagus is a muscular tube that moves food to the stomach, where strong acids further break it down. The liver and pancreas produce juices to digest food in the small intestine, where nutrients are absorbed, before undigested matter moves to the large intestine and anus.
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This document discusses key concepts in ecology including environment, ecosystem, organism, population, habitat, and adaptation. It defines an environment as all the living and non-living things around a living thing. An ecosystem is made up of all interacting living and non-living things in an environment. A population is a group of the same species of organism living in the same place. A habitat is a place where an animal can find food, water, and shelter. Living things are often adapted to specific habitats and environments.
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This document discusses energy flow in ecosystems through food chains and webs. It explains that producers like plants get energy from sunlight through photosynthesis and are eaten by primary consumers like herbivores. Higher level consumers like carnivores obtain energy by eating other animals. The amount of available energy decreases at each level of the food chain from producers to primary, secondary and tertiary consumers. This is illustrated through the energy pyramid which shows that more organisms are needed at lower trophic levels to sustain fewer organisms at higher levels.
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Our solar system is made up of the Sun and everything that orbits around it, including eight planets. The planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Earth is the third planet from the Sun and is the only known planet capable of supporting life. The Earth spins on its axis, causing day and night, and orbits the Sun once a year, causing the changing of seasons as the Earth's distance from the Sun varies over the course of the year. Other objects in our solar system include asteroids, meteoroids, and comets.
39rocks and soil part 2
Minerals are naturally occurring substances formed from elements in the Earth. Rocks are composed of minerals stuck together, while ores contain high quantities of metal compounds and are mined. Soil is formed through the weathering and breakdown of rocks into particles, and provides nutrients and anchoring for plant growth. It has distinct layers and properties depending on its composition of materials like sand, silt, clay and humus that influence texture, drainage and suitability for agriculture. Loam soil with a balanced mixture of components is most favorable for cultivation.
10 acids and alkai neutralization
Neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water. Common examples of neutralization include:
1. Hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium chloride and water.
2. Sodium bicarbonate reacting with hydrochloric acid to produce sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water.
3. Baking powder containing an acid and sodium bicarbonate that undergoes neutralization when mixed with water to release carbon dioxide and leaven baked goods.
9 acids and alkai ph
This document discusses acids and alkalis and how they can be detected and measured. It explains that Robert Boyle discovered plant juices like red cabbage juice and litmus could detect acids and alkalis through color changes. The juice would turn red in acids and green in alkalis. This led to the development of pH indicators that scientists now use to measure the strength of acids and alkalis on the pH scale, from 0-14, invented by Soren Sorensen. Common indicators and their color changes in acids and alkalis are also described.
8 acids and alkalis
This document discusses different types of acids, including their properties and examples. It explains that acids are substances that are sour and includes everyday examples like lemon juice, vinegar, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. It notes that some acids like citric acid, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, methanoic acid, lactic acid and uric acid are not corrosive and found in food. The document also discusses how ethanoic acid is produced from wine through the reaction of ethanol and oxygen over time. It defines organic acids as those of animal and plant origin, like ethanoic acid, while mineral acids are not produced by living things, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochlor
38rocks and soil
The universe began with a huge explosion known as the Big Bang. Gas clouds formed as atoms were drawn together by gravity, and inside these clouds, extremely hot spheres of gas known as stars formed. Nuclear fusion in stars produced heavier elements that were ejected when the stars died. The Earth formed from accumulating dust and debris. It has three main layers - an iron core, a rocky mantle, and a solid crust. Rocks on Earth include igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic types that are continuously recycled through the rock cycle.
7 acids and alkalis
Acids have characteristics of being corrosive and having a sour taste, while alkalis are bitter and slippery. The key way to differentiate between acids and alkalis is by using litmus paper, with acids turning litmus paper red and alkalis turning it blue. Most acids are corrosive and can burn the skin upon contact. Acids come from both plant and animal sources.
37living things in their environment
The document defines key terms related to ecosystems, including environment, living and non-living things, biotic and abiotic factors, ecosystem, climate, individuals, populations, and community. An ecosystem is made up of all the living and non-living things in an area, and can range in size from under a rock to an entire forest.
36 respiratory system
The respiratory system allows oxygen to enter the body and carbon dioxide to exit through three main components:
1. The air passages and tubes (nose, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles) transport air throughout the respiratory tract.
2. The diaphragm and rib muscles act as the pump to inhale and exhale air. During inhalation, they contract to expand the chest cavity and decrease pressure, allowing air flow into the lungs. During exhalation, they relax to decrease the chest cavity volume and increase pressure, pushing air out.
3. The lungs and alveoli constitute the respiratory surface where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs between the air and blood through thin membranes.
35 circulatory system (part 1)
The circulatory system carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and deoxygenated blood back to the heart and lungs. It includes arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body at high pressure. Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart at low pressure and have valves to prevent backflow. Capillaries have thin walls that allow for the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and waste between the blood and body cells. The circulatory system transports these materials throughout the body to support respiration in cells.
Ch 150407052236-conversion-gate01
1) The document discusses different types of motion including up and down, straight line, round and round, zigzag, and back and forth motion. It also discusses distance, direction, forces, and types of forces including balanced and unbalanced forces.
2) Forces can make something move, change an object's direction or speed, or change an object's shape. Examples of forces include gravity, friction, and air resistance.
3) Balanced forces cancel each other out and do not change an object's motion, while unbalanced forces can cause an object to start moving, speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Ch 150407052236-conversion-gate01
1) The document discusses different types of motion including up and down, straight line, round and round, zigzag, and back and forth motion. It also discusses distance, direction, forces, and types of forces including balanced and unbalanced forces.
2) Forces can make something move, change an object's direction or speed, or change an object's shape. Examples of forces include gravity, friction, and air resistance.
3) Balanced forces do not change an object's motion, while unbalanced forces can make an object start or stop moving or change directions.
34classification (part 2)
This document summarizes different types of organisms including vertebrates like mammals, fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians as well as invertebrates like jellyfish, flatworms, annelid worms, nematode worms, arthropods, molluscs and echinoderms. It also discusses simple plants like algae, liverworts and mosses, as well as ferns, conifers and flowering plants. The document notes there is variation both between and within species due to environmental factors and availability of food and minerals.
33classification (part 1)
This document discusses the classification of living things. It explains that organisms can be classified into groups like kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species based on their common features. The classification system moves from the biggest groups that include many organisms to smaller groups with fewer organisms. All living things are divided into five kingdoms - plants, protoctista, animals, monera and fungi. Within the animal kingdom, organisms are divided into vertebrates and invertebrates based on whether they have a backbone or not. Examples of invertebrate groups include arthropods, annelids, nematodes, jellyfish and flatworms. Vertebrate groups include mammals, fish, birds,
32sound
This document discusses sound waves and how we hear sound. It explains that sound waves are longitudinal waves that move through matter by compressing and rarefying particles. Sound travels through three media - solids, liquids, and gases - with the speed depending on the density of the material. The outer, middle, and inner ear work together to detect sound waves and transmit the vibrations to the brain. Pitch and frequency are related, but pitch is how we perceive sound based on vibration rate, while frequency is the actual number of vibrations per second measured in Hertz. Amplitude refers to the strength of vibrations measured in decibels.
31light
Light comes primarily from the sun. It can also come from both natural sources like the moon as well as man-made artificial sources. Objects like the moon, water, and mirrors are not true light sources as they only reflect light emitted from other sources. Light travels in straight lines and can pass through transparent materials, some can pass through translucent materials, and light cannot pass through opaque objects. The way we see color is determined by which wavelengths of light are reflected or absorbed by an object. Shadows form when light rays are blocked by an opaque object. When light passes from one medium to another, such as from air to water, it changes direction in a process called refraction.
30how does using natural resources affect the environment?
Natural events like volcanoes, earthquakes, hurricanes, droughts and tsunamis can cause ecosystems to change. People can also impact ecosystems through deforestation, pollution, overpopulation, and oil spills. When ecosystems change, organisms may need to accommodate by finding new resources, some species may go extinct if unable to adapt, and conservation efforts can help sustain resources through reducing consumption, reusing materials, and recycling.
29flowering plants
This document discusses the parts, needs, and functions of plants. It describes the roles of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds. The key parts of flowers are sepals, petals, stamens, pistils, ovaries, and pollen. Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the pistil and can occur through insects, birds, or wind. After pollination, a pollen tube grows from the pollen grain to the egg, allowing fertilization to take place.
31force and motion (part 1)
Forces can cause objects to move, stop, change speed or direction. Forces are measured in Newtons and can be contact forces like friction or non-contact forces like gravity. Friction is the force that opposes the motion when two surfaces are in contact. It depends on factors like the pressure and roughness of the surfaces. Streamlined shapes help reduce drag from air and water resistance, allowing objects to move through fluids more easily. Braking distance depends on thinking time and how forcefully the brakes are applied.
28classification of the animal kingdom
This document discusses the classification of animals into the animal kingdom. It divides the animal kingdom into two main groups: vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates have backbones and include mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians. Invertebrates do not have backbones and include mollusks like snails and clams, echinoderms like starfish, and arthropods like spiders, crabs and insects. Each group is then further divided based on distinguishing characteristics like how they move, breathe, reproduce, and whether they live on land or in water.
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30how does using natural resources affect the environment?
30how does using natural resources affect the environment?
ย
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skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
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2- ุชุญุชูู ุนูู 78 ุฑุณู
ุชูุถูุญู ููู ููู
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4- ูููุงูู ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุชู
ุชูุถูุญูุง ุจุดูู ุชูุตููู ุฌุฏุงู (ุชูุนุชุจุฑ ูุฏู ุงูุทุงูุจ ุฃู ุงูุทุงูุจุฉ ุจุฅููุง ู
ุนููู
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5- ุงูู
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- 3. ๏ Is a change that does not result in a new substance. ๏ Examples: a)Changes in states of matter. Ice to water to vapor b)Cutting a piece of paper. c)Dissolving sugar or salt in water.
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