This document discusses several topics related to cancer research and treatment. It begins by explaining that cancer arises from errors in cell replication that can be caused by environmental or lifestyle factors. It then discusses several studies, including one finding that daily multivitamin supplements may reduce cancer risk in older men, and another showing that ovarian cancer screenings are not effective in reducing mortality. The document also discusses how cancer stem cells can fuel tumor growth and how targeting these cells may lead to more effective treatments. Overall, it presents the complexity of cancers and explores new strategies for research based on a deeper understanding of the disease at the cellular level.

1. HUMAN MEDICAL SCHOOL
Group:10

3. Cancer is now recognized as a genetic
disorder arising from errors in cell
replication, arising from various factors, such
as environmental damage by the action of
chemical agents and radiation or even
lifestyle, leading to uncontrolled cell
reproduction. Here we see the latest Cancer
Research

4. The Journal of the American Medical
Association.
Suggest that taking a daily
multivitamin may reduce the risk
of cancer of older men.

5. A randomized trial of 14,000 men after 50
years or more for an average of 11 years.
They found that those taking a daily
multivitamin supplement were 8
percent less likely to be diagnosed
with cancer than those taking a
placebo.

6. The building blocks of an emerging science that is
enabling cancer researchers to break new ground in the
way we treat disease.
nanotechnology, researchers
in the laboratory
seek to reduce side effects and
improve the effectiveness of
cancer drugs.
Scientists giving greater control over the selection
of treatments.

7. Ovarian Cancer Screenings Are Not Effective
According to a study published last year in the
journal of the American medical society
of
78.216 American women between the
ages of 55 to 74 years
half of them have been selected to
while the other half not.
continue a control that had a
duration of 11 to 13 years

8. ultrasound exams
for elevated Levels of
and a substance called
The screening
consisted blood tests CA-125
Which can be a sign
of ovarian cancer
There was no advantage the death rate from ovarian
Result
to screening: cancer was the same in the
two groups.

9. Genes Now They Can not Tell Secrets Doctors Utter
Dr. Arul Chinnaiyan stared at a printout of gene sequences
from a man with cancer, a subject in one of his studies
There, Along with the man's cancer genes, was something
unexpected - genes of the virus causes AIDS That ...

10. In laboratories around the world,
using genetic tools Researchers are ever more sophisticated
That to peer into the DNA of cells are increasingly finding
things They Were not looking for
Including
Information That Could make a big difference
to an anonymous donor.

11. Studies have long Shown an Increased risk of
breast cancer in women Whose breasts are
considered "dense," or less fatty.

12. New research showing patients with breast
cancer That dense breasts Were no more likely
to die than other patients.
The women with less dense breasts Were
more likely to die of Their Breast Cancers
The study included more
than 9,000 women

14. The cancers are fueled by stem cells that
chemotherapy drugs do not kill
Strategies can be designed to kill
Everything has a weakness, with all modern
molecular techniques and modern approaches we
have, we can kill
specific cells within tumors are responsible
for its continued growth

15. molecular tricks allow scientists to make certain
tumor cells brightly
When these tagged cells are divided, all daughter
cells were stained similarly
This allowed the researchers to determine if any old cell
into a tumor may continue to fuel growth or only a subset
of cells is responsible.

16. Next, the scientists Treated the mice with a chemotherapy drug Rapidly dividing That
Kills tumor cells.
When the tumors grew back, do as
glioblastomas
Generally, the scientists used other
chemical tricks to seeThat
the new cells were all descendants of the
green-glowing cells That Were not killed by
the drug.
The next step was to see what would happen if the
cancer stem cells Were wiped out

17. Were wiped out, to test That was possible Because of the way the mice Were
genetically constructed
Without the stem cells, the tumors
never grew as large and the animals
lived longer.
The scientists Concluded
That They Had Destroyed the wellspring of the
tumor cells renew
That When other cancer cells stop dividing
Within the mass.

18. Today, only kill cancer medications Generally Rapidly dividing cells
scientists do not yet know enough
about cancer stem cells to target
them
Biotech companies and academics are working on
the problem.
Overall, scientists are finding That grotesque
caricatures Cancers are of normal body tissues
said John E.Dick, senior scientist at
Toronto's Princess Margaret Cancer
Center
Whose work in the 1990s provided early evidence for stem cells in leukemia

19. Just as healthy tissues Contain a mix of cells - - ones That are dividing
, ones That have taken on distinct
identities, and Stem Cells That
Periodically replenish the tissue
- so, too, do cancers.
And just as usual tissue growth Involves a
complicated dance of chemical messages among
cells, so, too, might the growth of cancers.

20. That complexity makes the prospect of devising new
therapies seem daunting, Dick said
But, I added, it opens up a whole new menu of Strategies That scientists can try.