New algorithm is described tha can make plans on the pipeline emergency situations sequences overcoming. It is the part of the rapid response information system for oil&gas logistics
A study on financial aspect of supply chain management journal ijrtem
The more common approaches used in the SCM consider only the physical logistic operations
and ignore the financial aspects of the supply chain. The main objective to incorporate financial aspects in
supply chain management is to strengthen managerial decisions concerning financial flows in supply chains,
while empirical knowledge about financial supply chain management (FSCM) is in its early stages. This paper
presents a model for FSCM which financial planning in addition to operation planning is decided in it. The
main contribution of this paper is to define two approaches for Financial Supply Chain Management and to
compare them. This financial approaches are: Traditional financial approach and new financial approach.
Traditional financial approach integrates physical goods flows and financial flows. New financial approach
considers in making decisions other financial indicators such as market to book value, liquidity ratios, capital
structure ratios, and return on equity, sales margin, turnover ratios and stock security ratios, among others.
Moreover, the new approach applies the change in equity instead of the traditional approach measures of profit
as the objective function to be maximized in the presented model. To show the attributes of the presented
approaches, the results of the new approach and the traditional approach is compared. The findings indicate
that the traditional approach leads to lower change in equity compared to the financial approach. Also, the
results clearly reveal the better improvement of using the new approach over the traditional approach, and
convince the decision makers to take advantage of the new approach
A study on financial aspect of supply chain managementIJRTEMJOURNAL
The more common approaches used in the SCM consider only the physical logistic operations
and ignore the financial aspects of the supply chain. The main objective to incorporate financial aspects in
supply chain management is to strengthen managerial decisions concerning financial flows in supply chains,
while empirical knowledge about financial supply chain management (FSCM) is in its early stages. This paper
presents a model for FSCM which financial planning in addition to operation planning is decided in it. The
main contribution of this paper is to define two approaches for Financial Supply Chain Management and to
compare them. This financial approaches are: Traditional financial approach and new financial approach.
Traditional financial approach integrates physical goods flows and financial flows. New financial approach
considers in making decisions other financial indicators such as market to book value, liquidity ratios, capital
structure ratios, and return on equity, sales margin, turnover ratios and stock security ratios, among others.
Moreover, the new approach applies the change in equity instead of the traditional approach measures of profit
as the objective function to be maximized in the presented model. To show the attributes of the presented
approaches, the results of the new approach and the traditional approach is compared. The findings indicate
that the traditional approach leads to lower change in equity compared to the financial approach. Also, the
results clearly reveal the better improvement of using the new approach over the traditional approach, and
convince the decision makers to take advantage of the new approach.
New algorithm is described tha can make plans on the pipeline emergency situations sequences overcoming. It is the part of the rapid response information system for oil&gas logistics
A study on financial aspect of supply chain management journal ijrtem
The more common approaches used in the SCM consider only the physical logistic operations
and ignore the financial aspects of the supply chain. The main objective to incorporate financial aspects in
supply chain management is to strengthen managerial decisions concerning financial flows in supply chains,
while empirical knowledge about financial supply chain management (FSCM) is in its early stages. This paper
presents a model for FSCM which financial planning in addition to operation planning is decided in it. The
main contribution of this paper is to define two approaches for Financial Supply Chain Management and to
compare them. This financial approaches are: Traditional financial approach and new financial approach.
Traditional financial approach integrates physical goods flows and financial flows. New financial approach
considers in making decisions other financial indicators such as market to book value, liquidity ratios, capital
structure ratios, and return on equity, sales margin, turnover ratios and stock security ratios, among others.
Moreover, the new approach applies the change in equity instead of the traditional approach measures of profit
as the objective function to be maximized in the presented model. To show the attributes of the presented
approaches, the results of the new approach and the traditional approach is compared. The findings indicate
that the traditional approach leads to lower change in equity compared to the financial approach. Also, the
results clearly reveal the better improvement of using the new approach over the traditional approach, and
convince the decision makers to take advantage of the new approach
A study on financial aspect of supply chain managementIJRTEMJOURNAL
The more common approaches used in the SCM consider only the physical logistic operations
and ignore the financial aspects of the supply chain. The main objective to incorporate financial aspects in
supply chain management is to strengthen managerial decisions concerning financial flows in supply chains,
while empirical knowledge about financial supply chain management (FSCM) is in its early stages. This paper
presents a model for FSCM which financial planning in addition to operation planning is decided in it. The
main contribution of this paper is to define two approaches for Financial Supply Chain Management and to
compare them. This financial approaches are: Traditional financial approach and new financial approach.
Traditional financial approach integrates physical goods flows and financial flows. New financial approach
considers in making decisions other financial indicators such as market to book value, liquidity ratios, capital
structure ratios, and return on equity, sales margin, turnover ratios and stock security ratios, among others.
Moreover, the new approach applies the change in equity instead of the traditional approach measures of profit
as the objective function to be maximized in the presented model. To show the attributes of the presented
approaches, the results of the new approach and the traditional approach is compared. The findings indicate
that the traditional approach leads to lower change in equity compared to the financial approach. Also, the
results clearly reveal the better improvement of using the new approach over the traditional approach, and
convince the decision makers to take advantage of the new approach.
Toward a Future-Proof Product Control FunctionCognizant
A guide to rendering investment banks' critical product control function more responsive to P&L positon, independent price validation (IPV) and other financial data considerations.
Rashty, J. (2013). An Overview of XBRL Compliance. CPA Journal, 83(8), 67.
Tomado de: Base de datos Universidad Javeriana Business Source Complete (EbscoHost)
UK Energy Utilities: Preparing for the Smart Metering Implementation Programm...Cognizant
Chartered in 2011, the UK government’s Smart Metering Implementation Programme (SMIP) aims to equip every UK home, as well as businesses and consumers in the public sector, with smart energy meters to help manage energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions. As UK utility companies prepare for SMIP, they must identify the capabilities they need, and understand the complexities they will encounter over program’s two stages: foundation and installation. Those that apply lessons from the foundation stage will be able to tap into the benefits of smart metering sooner, rather than grapple with isolated daily issues.
Service based / modeled IT operations demands that Infrastructure needs are catered to with minimal disruptions and loss of user experience. Demand and capacity management for a critical cog in IT / service design to ensure that the service / infrastructure is fully available to users through its lifecycle
Towards a Software Framework for Automatic Business Process RedesignIDES Editor
A key element to the success of any organization is
the ability to continuously improve its business process
performance. Efficient Business Process Redesign (BPR)
methodologies are needed to allow organizations to face the
changing business conditions. For a long time, practices for
BPR were done case-by-case and were based on the insights
and knowledge of an expert to the organization. It can be
argued that efficiency, however, can further be achieved with
the support of automatic process redesign tools which are few
at the moment. Process mining as a recent approach allows
for the extraction of information from event logs recorded in
different information systems. In this paper we argue that
results driven by process mining techniques can be used to
capture the various types of inefficiencies in the organization
and hence propose efficient redesigns of its business model.
We first give an outline on the current directions towards
automatic BPR followed by a review on the different process
mining techniques and its usage in different applications.
Then, a specific framework of a Software tool that uses process
mining to support automatic BPR is presented.
Towards a Software Framework for Automatic Business Process RedesignIDES Editor
A key element to the success of any organization is
the ability to continuously improve its business process
performance. Efficient Business Process Redesign (BPR)
methodologies are needed to allow organizations to face the
changing business conditions. For a long time, practices for
BPR were done case-by-case and were based on the insights
and knowledge of an expert to the organization. It can be
argued that efficiency, however, can further be achieved with
the support of automatic process redesign tools which are few
at the moment. Process mining as a recent approach allows
for the extraction of information from event logs recorded in
different information systems. In this paper we argue that
results driven by process mining techniques can be used to
capture the various types of inefficiencies in the organization
and hence propose efficient redesigns of its business model.
We first give an outline on the current directions towards
automatic BPR followed by a review on the different process
mining techniques and its usage in different applications.
Then, a specific framework of a Software tool that uses process
mining to support automatic BPR is presented.
Define End-to-End Healthcare Revenue Cycle Management Ownership and Accountab...Henry Draughon
Revenue Cycle Management crosses multiple departments. A clear definition of the cross-functional process ownership and accountability is essential to efficient and effective revenue cycle management.
Vertical walls inherent to organizational structures often inhibit inter-department coordination. As a result, end-to-end revenue cycle process management is non-existent, fractured, disconnected, the results of which are huge losses of revenue critical to the services necessary for population health efforts.
This white paper illustrates how to identify the cross-functional revenue cycle management relationships:
Identify the revenue cycle management participants.
Use shared responsibility mapping (RACI and SIPOC) to identify who is responsible for what and when.
Clearly define the cross-functional roles and responsibilities required for effective revenue cycle management.
The case for involving Finance in implementing a new equipment finance Contract Management System (“CMS”) should be readily apparent, but is your Finance team paying enough attention to the migration? Here are our top tips for what to look out for.
The case for involving Finance in implementing a new equipment finance Contract Management System (“CMS”) should be readily apparent, but is your Finance team paying enough attention to the migration? Here are our top tips for what to look out for.
everis Marcus Evans FRTB Conference 23Feb17Jonathan Philp
everis was Gold Sponsor of the Marcus Evans Conference ‘4th Edition: Impact of the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book’ at Canary Wharf, London on 23-24th February 2017.
This was a timely opportunity to catch up with banks and solution partners as we move into the implementation phase of Fundamental Review of the Trading Book (FRTB) programmes. We heard views and case studies across a range of topics including market risk methodology, operating model definition and data and systems architecture design.
Our presentation at the conference focused on the architectural challenges posed by FRTB.
Strategies for Payment Systems PlanningGary Farrow
Payments systems modernisation provides one of the most challenging IT planning problems. This article proposes and evaluates a variety of strategies to achieve simplification of a banks payments systems.
In our research, we begin with considering the HTN planning algorithm, but all these papers do not consider formal grammar approach application as a system for defining the syntax of a language by specifying the strings of symbols or sentences that are considered grammatical.
In our paper, we are going to present the idea of how the using of the formal grammar can solve the problem of web services composition in the context of virtual enterprise synthesis and may essentially decrease the number of web services possible combinations to be processed by algorithm
Toward a Future-Proof Product Control FunctionCognizant
A guide to rendering investment banks' critical product control function more responsive to P&L positon, independent price validation (IPV) and other financial data considerations.
Rashty, J. (2013). An Overview of XBRL Compliance. CPA Journal, 83(8), 67.
Tomado de: Base de datos Universidad Javeriana Business Source Complete (EbscoHost)
UK Energy Utilities: Preparing for the Smart Metering Implementation Programm...Cognizant
Chartered in 2011, the UK government’s Smart Metering Implementation Programme (SMIP) aims to equip every UK home, as well as businesses and consumers in the public sector, with smart energy meters to help manage energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions. As UK utility companies prepare for SMIP, they must identify the capabilities they need, and understand the complexities they will encounter over program’s two stages: foundation and installation. Those that apply lessons from the foundation stage will be able to tap into the benefits of smart metering sooner, rather than grapple with isolated daily issues.
Service based / modeled IT operations demands that Infrastructure needs are catered to with minimal disruptions and loss of user experience. Demand and capacity management for a critical cog in IT / service design to ensure that the service / infrastructure is fully available to users through its lifecycle
Towards a Software Framework for Automatic Business Process RedesignIDES Editor
A key element to the success of any organization is
the ability to continuously improve its business process
performance. Efficient Business Process Redesign (BPR)
methodologies are needed to allow organizations to face the
changing business conditions. For a long time, practices for
BPR were done case-by-case and were based on the insights
and knowledge of an expert to the organization. It can be
argued that efficiency, however, can further be achieved with
the support of automatic process redesign tools which are few
at the moment. Process mining as a recent approach allows
for the extraction of information from event logs recorded in
different information systems. In this paper we argue that
results driven by process mining techniques can be used to
capture the various types of inefficiencies in the organization
and hence propose efficient redesigns of its business model.
We first give an outline on the current directions towards
automatic BPR followed by a review on the different process
mining techniques and its usage in different applications.
Then, a specific framework of a Software tool that uses process
mining to support automatic BPR is presented.
Towards a Software Framework for Automatic Business Process RedesignIDES Editor
A key element to the success of any organization is
the ability to continuously improve its business process
performance. Efficient Business Process Redesign (BPR)
methodologies are needed to allow organizations to face the
changing business conditions. For a long time, practices for
BPR were done case-by-case and were based on the insights
and knowledge of an expert to the organization. It can be
argued that efficiency, however, can further be achieved with
the support of automatic process redesign tools which are few
at the moment. Process mining as a recent approach allows
for the extraction of information from event logs recorded in
different information systems. In this paper we argue that
results driven by process mining techniques can be used to
capture the various types of inefficiencies in the organization
and hence propose efficient redesigns of its business model.
We first give an outline on the current directions towards
automatic BPR followed by a review on the different process
mining techniques and its usage in different applications.
Then, a specific framework of a Software tool that uses process
mining to support automatic BPR is presented.
Define End-to-End Healthcare Revenue Cycle Management Ownership and Accountab...Henry Draughon
Revenue Cycle Management crosses multiple departments. A clear definition of the cross-functional process ownership and accountability is essential to efficient and effective revenue cycle management.
Vertical walls inherent to organizational structures often inhibit inter-department coordination. As a result, end-to-end revenue cycle process management is non-existent, fractured, disconnected, the results of which are huge losses of revenue critical to the services necessary for population health efforts.
This white paper illustrates how to identify the cross-functional revenue cycle management relationships:
Identify the revenue cycle management participants.
Use shared responsibility mapping (RACI and SIPOC) to identify who is responsible for what and when.
Clearly define the cross-functional roles and responsibilities required for effective revenue cycle management.
The case for involving Finance in implementing a new equipment finance Contract Management System (“CMS”) should be readily apparent, but is your Finance team paying enough attention to the migration? Here are our top tips for what to look out for.
The case for involving Finance in implementing a new equipment finance Contract Management System (“CMS”) should be readily apparent, but is your Finance team paying enough attention to the migration? Here are our top tips for what to look out for.
everis Marcus Evans FRTB Conference 23Feb17Jonathan Philp
everis was Gold Sponsor of the Marcus Evans Conference ‘4th Edition: Impact of the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book’ at Canary Wharf, London on 23-24th February 2017.
This was a timely opportunity to catch up with banks and solution partners as we move into the implementation phase of Fundamental Review of the Trading Book (FRTB) programmes. We heard views and case studies across a range of topics including market risk methodology, operating model definition and data and systems architecture design.
Our presentation at the conference focused on the architectural challenges posed by FRTB.
Strategies for Payment Systems PlanningGary Farrow
Payments systems modernisation provides one of the most challenging IT planning problems. This article proposes and evaluates a variety of strategies to achieve simplification of a banks payments systems.
In our research, we begin with considering the HTN planning algorithm, but all these papers do not consider formal grammar approach application as a system for defining the syntax of a language by specifying the strings of symbols or sentences that are considered grammatical.
In our paper, we are going to present the idea of how the using of the formal grammar can solve the problem of web services composition in the context of virtual enterprise synthesis and may essentially decrease the number of web services possible combinations to be processed by algorithm
The Predictor is designed for application in the banks, investment companies, stock markets, companies with operations in the stock markets and securities markets.
Based on innovative mathematical models of multifractal and wavelet analysis, this tool is carrying out continuous scanning and processing of time series derived from the financial markets and produces signals that precede a sharp change (20%) of the securities prices or indexes exchange rate and warn about approaching of the crisis.
The system is designed for regional governments and provides a choice of strategy and purpose, the extent to which the milestones on the path of movement to the goal, you can quantify the quality of life in the region.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
1. DYNAMIC STRUCTURE OF
INNOVATIVE COMPANIES AND SIMULATION
OF BUSINESS PROCESSES BASED ON
GRAPH GRAMMARS
Daria Novototskih
Victor Romanov
Cyrill Dutov
4. Innovative properties of the modern
enterprises
4
Adaptability Development of new opportunities in response to
changes of the environment.
Within an ecosystem development should be understood
as no autonomous but joined evolution with other
participants
Reconfigurability Provides competitive advantages as the enterprises
possess variable structure and scalability, therefore can
quickly react to changes
Virtuality The virtual enterprises are constructed on an inter-
corporate communication network, they have a common
goal or carry out the general project
Collaboraton The collaborative enterprises are an virtual network of
manufacturing enterprises with vertical and horizontal
communications between them. Advantage is
involvement of the competent employees working far off
on the terms of outsourcing with application of a cloud
computing
5. Metamodel of a network of
collaboration
The collaboration of the enterprises means integration of their information
systems. Inter-corporate information system is founded on a global meta-model
which unites models of the collaborative enterprises. Integrity and structure of a
global meta-model is maintained by ontology.
5
Collaborative
Enterprise 1
Collaborative
Enterprise 2
Collaborative
Enterprise 3
Inter-corporate information system
Meta-model
Business
model 3
Business
model 2
Business
model 1
Ontology
6. Integration of local ontologies into
global
It is offered to automate
creation of local ontologies
by means of the document
analysis of the collaborative
enterprises by method of
the formal concept analysis.
The global ontology is
created by all participants of
collaboration, they define
syntax and semantics of
joined processes, all
collaborator have access to
global ontology
6
Collaborative
Enterprise 1
Collaborative
Enterprise 2
Collaborative
Enterprise 3
Inter-corporate information system
Document
flow
Document
flow
Document
flow
Local
Ontology 1
Local
Ontology 2
Local
Ontology 3
Integrated ontology
Analysis of
formal
concepts
Analysis of
formal
concepts
Analysis of
formal
concepts
Concepts Concepts Concepts
7. Example of transformation of commercial banks
Now the most plastic structure of Russian economy is the banking
system, in the conditions of crisis the Central Bank regularly takes
away licenses from commercial banks. The banks which were left
license can be sanified by other bank, therefore, they are exposed
to operations of merger and acquisition from the banks which
have kept the licenses.
We consider two stages of transformation of model at merge of
commercial banks:
•merge of ontologies, we used Concept Explorer for allocation of
key concepts at inclusion in local ontology and the Protégé
program for integration of local ontology in global
•transformation of business processes with application of a
method of graph grammars, for this purpose we used AGG
software
7
8. Formal context
8
The formal analysis of concepts allows us to allocate the essential concepts
characterizing business processes of bank and also the relation between them.
On the submitted table the formal context on which lines correspond to units,
and columns to functions of these divisions is shown.
functions
units
9. 9
Lattice of formal concepts
Concept <1> - CED1 - CED4 - Department of crediting of physical entities
Concept <2> - ECD3 - ECD4 - Economical department
Concept <3> - CFD1 - CFD4 - Department of crediting to legal entities
Concept <4> - ECD1 - ECD2 - Economical department
10. 10
In the analysis of association rules for credit departments, we see:
there are rules to the 100% value of the confidence indicator combine 4
objects belonging to the Department of crediting of physical entities or 4
properties belonging to the Department of crediting to legal entities.
Example of association rules:
•<4> RAW RAI RAL ILA GIW ACW FCW FCI FCL FCC PGL MTR CCR PBC IGP ARC LNL PAS
IBL ALW ALI ALS CGW CGT CGS SNI RMS CCW CCI CUW CUI MOR CCT CCI FAL IWL PNI
CAA PII = [100%] => < 4> FPD GII ACI SNS CRW CRI CFD;
At the same time, there are rules to unite all 8 credit departments:
•Example:
•<8> RAI ACW FCW FCI ALW ALI ALS CGT PII = [100%] => <8> RAL ILA GIW FCL FCC PGL
MTR CCR PBC IGP ARC LNL PAS IBL CGW CGS SNI RMS CCW CCI CUW CUI MOR CCT CCI
FAL IWL;
It is advisable to draw a conclusion:
a. On the one hand have separate departments
b. On the other hand units should be combined at a higher level
Example of interpretation of association rules
11. 11
Global Integrated Ontology
The newly
created
objects
The results obtained in the previous step, we include in the global
financial ontology, thus introducing a new element of the commercial
bank.
12. 12
There are a number of software tools for graph transformation, among
them: AGG, GReAT, VIATRA, FUJABA.
To create a local business processes, we propose to use AGG program
- a development environment to describe and perform transformations
of typed attribute graphs, implemented on the Java platform.
The program produces local changes to all occurrences of LHS in the
original host graph.
Includes tools convert graphs, search subgraph corresponding left-hand
side and replace it with the corresponding subgraph of the right-hand
side of the rule, and generates a set of rules and conditions of their
implementation.
Sets attributes, perform calculations, restrict the positive, negative and
global.
Justification of AGG tool choice
13. 13
Rules of local transformation of the count
Standard processes LHS RHS
Merge of divisions
Resubmission of divisions
Splitting of divisions
K L
M
K L
M
A B C
J H G
The graph grammar finds all occurrences of a subgraph of LHS and
automatically replaces with RHS subgraph
14. 14
Count of administrative structure of bank
We see that AGG allows to set names to tops and the count's edges to
appropriate them attributes and initial values.
15. 15
Application of rules of transformation of the
count
Rule of transformation of counts of r: L → R includes couple of
counts of L,R.
The left part of the rule represents a precondition of application
of the rule, and the right part R describes a post-condition
K = L∩R defines part of the count which has to be present at the
changeable count, but shouldn't be exposed to changes.
As a part of the rule operations which have to be executed over
the parameters included the changeable count (host column) in
the description of tops and edges can be specified. For this
purpose rules can include variables and operations of algebra to
which concrete values at the time of application of the rule can
be appropriated.
16. 16
Application of rules for transformation of the
count
In the left top corner
application of the
negative rule is shown
NAC, L – a subgraph
corresponding to the left
part of the rule,
R - subgraph
corresponding to the
right part of the rule
Application of this rule has
allowed to apply automatically
transformation on creation of new
Credit Department and to include
two credit departments in his
structure: crediting of natural
persons and legal entities
17. 17
Application of rules for transformation of the
count In the left top corner application
of the negative rule is shown
NAC, L – a subgraph
corresponding to the left part of
the rule,
R - subgraph corresponding to
the right part of the rule
Application of this rule has
allowed to apply
automatically
transformation on inclusion
of two departments
analytical and planned in
the existing economic
18. 18
The modern enterprises are dynamic – their structures constantly change (for
example, merge, absorption, expansion of structure and others).
The analysis shows that modern development tools of business processes
don't provide automatic allocation of the entities and the relations characteristic
of the local enterprise. Allocation is made manually, is labor-consuming
operation and leads to delay and decline in quality of development of business
processes
High rate of change of the enterprises defines need of continuous
transformation of business processes of the enterprises, and also demands
higher extent of automation of creation and transformation of counts, than that
which exists in the available means for modeling of business processes
The possibility of allocation of entities and the relations characteristic of the
enterprise on the basis of a representative collection of documents is shown by
means of the formal analysis of concepts.
Creation of global ontology on the basis of local by means of the Protégé
program, and also application of AGG for expeditious development and the
subsequent transformation of counts of business processes is shown
Conclusion: