1. What is natural selection? A. The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. 8. Change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over several generations. C. Change in the frequency of alleles in a population due to random factors. D. The process whereby humans select organisms for preferred traits, allowing only those individuals with the most desirable traits to reproduce. 2. Which of these most accurately describes the field of animal behavior? A. Animal behavior is the interface between and organism and its environment. B. Animal behavior should never be used to try to understand human behavior. C. All animal behavior research is basic scientific research and serves no applied benefit. D. Animal behavior is a field of research that is only applicable to vertebrate species. 3. "If female guppies with red caudal fins (i.e., "tail" fins) produce more eggs than females with orange ones, then the red fin is an evolved adaptation." This statement A. is true, becatuse this species has variation, a critical requirement for the evolution of adaptations by natural selection. B. is false, because females with orange caudal fins could still have more offspring that live to reproduce than females with red fins. C. could be true or false, because we cannot tell without knowing whether females with red fins outnumber orange-finned females in this species. D. is false, because there is no guarantee that females with red caudal fins are the strongest of this species. 4. Which of the following is NOT a benefit we gain from conducting basic biological research? A. Basic science expands our total knowledge, from which new important discoveries can be made. B. Basic scientific often conducted. C. Basic science can answer fundamental questions about our world and have wide-ranging jpplications that are sometimes unknown .

1. 1. What is natural selection? A. The process whereby organisms better adapted to their
environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. 8. Change in the heritable
characteristics of biological populations over several generations. C. Change in the frequency of
alleles in a population due to random factors. D. The process whereby humans select organisms
for preferred traits, allowing only those individuals with the most desirable traits to reproduce. 2.
Which of these most accurately describes the field of animal behavior? A. Animal behavior is the
interface between and organism and its environment. B. Animal behavior should never be used
to try to understand human behavior. C. All animal behavior research is basic scientific research
and serves no applied benefit. D. Animal behavior is a field of research that is only applicable to
vertebrate species. 3. "If female guppies with red caudal fins (i.e., "tail" fins) produce more eggs
than females with orange ones, then the red fin is an evolved adaptation." This statement A. is
true, becatuse this species has variation, a critical requirement for the evolution of adaptations by
natural selection. B. is false, because females with orange caudal fins could still have more
offspring that live to reproduce than females with red fins. C. could be true or false, because we
cannot tell without knowing whether females with red fins outnumber orange-finned females in
this species. D. is false, because there is no guarantee that females with red caudal fins are the
strongest of this species. 4. Which of the following is NOT a benefit we gain from conducting
basic biological research? A. Basic science expands our total knowledge, from which new
important discoveries can be made. B. Basic scientific often conducted. C. Basic science can
answer fundamental questions about our world and have wide-ranging jpplications that are
sometimes unknown