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For more information on this topic, kindly visit our blog at;
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For more information on this topic, kindly visit our blog at;
https://jayamchemistrylearners.blogspot.com/2022/04/bohr-sommerfeld-model-chemistrylearners.html
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For more information on this topic, kindly visit our blog at;
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this is based on jee, nee, aipmt, maharahstra board, icse and cbse board. if you want this ppt to download please donate me Rs200/- for my each hard dedicated ppt. put on my paytm acount- 8879919898.
you can also go to my site-
www.akchem.blogspot.com
contact - aktr000@gmail.com
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The document discusses several models of atomic structure:
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3. The vector model introduced spatial quantization and the spinning electron hypothesis to explain phenomena like the Zeeman and Stark effects. It associated quantum numbers with angular momentum.
4. Pauli's exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.
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This document discusses various types of defects that can occur in crystal structures, categorizing them based on dimensionality. Point defects are irregularities around a single atom and include vacancies, interstitials, Frenkel defects, and Schottky defects. Line defects distort atomic bonds around a dislocation line and include edge and screw dislocations. Surface defects occur at grain boundaries where crystal orientations change. Bulk defects in the volume of the material include precipitates, dispersants, inclusions, and voids. Defects can impact material properties and are sometimes deliberately introduced to improve characteristics.
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by electronic spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) with comparison of the results obtained suing different equation and measurement techniques.
The role of scattering in extinction of light as it passes through media is briefly discussed.
Solid state chemistry-PPT
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This document is a paper on inorganic chemistry that discusses line defects in solids, specifically edge and screw dislocations. It was written by Sakshi Mishra for their M.Sc. Part 2, Semester 3 course. The paper references common solid state chemistry textbooks and building construction resources.
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Engineering Physics,
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY,
Simple cubic, Body-centered cubic, Face-centered cubic,
DIAMOND STRUCTURE,
Atomic Packing Factor of Diamond Structure,
Projection of diamond lattice points on the base
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The document summarizes key concepts related to crystal structure:
Crystalline materials have atoms or molecules arranged in a regular, orderly 3D pattern which gives them high strength, while non-crystalline materials have a random arrangement and lower strength. A crystal structure is a regular repetition of this 3D pattern defined by a unit cell and space lattice. Common crystal structures include simple cubic, body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic, and hexagonal close-packed. Crystal defects such as point defects, dislocations, grain boundaries, and voids are also discussed.
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This document discusses different types of defects in solids. There are two main types of defects - point defects and line defects. Point defects include vacancy defects, where lattice sites are vacant, and interstitial defects, where particles occupy interstitial positions. Point defects in stoichiometric crystals include Schottky defects and Frenkel defects. Non-stoichiometric crystals can have metal excess defects with anionic vacancies or excess cations at interstitial sites, or metal deficient defects with cation vacancies or extra anions at interstitial sites. Impurity defects occur when impurity ions are present at lattice sites or interstitial sites.
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Huygen's theory of double refraction explains the phenomenon of birefringence in crystals like calcite. According to the theory:
- Each point in a birefringent crystal produces two types of wavefronts - a spherical wavefront for the ordinary ray and an ellipsoidal wavefront for the extraordinary ray.
- The shape of the wavefronts depends on whether the crystal is negative or positive. In negative crystals like calcite, the extraordinary wavefront is outside the ordinary wavefront, while in positive crystals it is inside.
- Huygen's principle treats each point on a wavefront as a secondary source of spherical wavelets, and the envelope of these wavelets makes up the
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SUBJECT:#SOLID_STATE_PHYSICS
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Miller indices
This document discusses Miller indices, which are sets of three integers used to designate different planes in a crystal. Miller indices are defined as the reciprocals of the fractional intercepts that a plane makes with the crystallographic axes. The document outlines the steps to determine the Miller indices of a plane by noting the intercept coefficients, taking their reciprocals, and writing them in parentheses with the smallest integers. Examples are provided of calculating the Miller indices for different plane orientations.
Solid state 2017
this is based on jee, nee, aipmt, maharahstra board, icse and cbse board. if you want this ppt to download please donate me Rs200/- for my each hard dedicated ppt. put on my paytm acount- 8879919898.
you can also go to my site-
www.akchem.blogspot.com
contact - aktr000@gmail.com
Atom model
The document discusses several models of atomic structure:
1. Bohr's model, which postulated that electrons orbit the nucleus in allowed orbits with angular momentum that is an integer multiple of Planck's constant. This model could calculate orbital radii and energies.
2. Sommerfeld's relativistic model improved on Bohr by allowing elliptical orbits and accounting for relativistic effects on electron mass.
3. The vector model introduced spatial quantization and the spinning electron hypothesis to explain phenomena like the Zeeman and Stark effects. It associated quantum numbers with angular momentum.
4. Pauli's exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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