The document is about fractions in mathematics for 1st year secondary students. It defines fractions and the terms numerator, denominator, proper fraction, improper fraction, and mixed number. It provides examples of different types of fractions and how to represent them on a number line. It also gives examples of using fractions as operators in calculations.

1. SESO DEL IES LAS CUMBRES. GRAZALEMA MATEMÁTICAS 1º ESO
1.- FRACCIÓN
Fraccionar
Dividir en partes iguales.
Fracción como parte de un todo o unidad. Fracción como cociente. Fracción propia,
fracción igual a la unidad y fracción impropia. Fracción impropia y número mixto
Fracción
Numerador: Partes que tomamos
3
4
Denominador: Partes en que fraccionamos
Dividendo
Divisor
3 3
=3 : 4=0,751⇒ , fracción propia
4 4
COCIENTE
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7
10
7 7
=7 :10=0,71⇒ , fracción propia
10 10
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5
6
5  5
=5:6=0,8 31 ⇒ , fracción propia
6 6
1

2. 5
5
5 5
=5 :5=1⇒ , fracción igual a la unidad
5 5
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10
10
10 10
=10:10=1 ⇒ , fracción igual a launidad
10 10
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12
12
12 12
=1⇒ , fracción igual a la unidad
12 12
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20
20
20 20
=1 ⇒ , fracción igual a la unidad
20 20
2

3. 8
5
8 8
=8 : 5=1,61⇒ , fracción impropia
5 5
8 5
3 1
8 3
=1 , número mixto
5 5
3 1· 53 53 8
1 = = = ; fracción impropia
5 5 5 5
Calculadora:
fx – 82SX fx – 82MS
8 a b/ c 5 = SHIFT d /c
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3
2
3 3
=3 :2=1,51 ⇒ , fracción impropia
2 2
3 2
1 1
3 1
=1 , número mixto
2 2
1 1 · 21 21 3
1 = = = ; fracción impropia
2 2 2 2
3

4. 15
4
15 15
=15 : 4=3,751⇒ , fracción impropia
4 4
15 4
3 3
15 3
=3 , número mixto
4 4
3 3· 43 123 15
3 = = = ; fracción impropia
4 4 4 4
Fracción como operador
Ejemplo
2
De los 30 alumnos de 1º de ESO, son chicas. ¿Cuántas chicas son?
3
2 2 ·30 60
de 30 alumnos= = =20 chicas
3 3 3
Representación de fracciones en la recta numérica. Fracción como medida
5 1
=2
2 2
0 1 2 3 4
4

5. 2
3
0 1 2
14 2
=4
3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5
11 3
=2
4 4
0 1 2 3
Ejercicio propuesto 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 → Ejercicio resuelto 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
5