The document describes the four basic types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue, with a focus on various forms of epithelial tissue and their functions. It explains different types of epithelial cells, such as squamous, cuboidal, and columnar, along with their structural characteristics, locations, and roles in processes like diffusion, secretion, and absorption. Additionally, the document touches on specialized forms like pseudo-stratified and transitional epithelium, outlining their structure and functions in protective and secretory roles.

1. Eosin & Haematoxylin Pencil

2. Basic tissues
&
Epithelial tissue

3. What is tissue?....

4. Name the basic tissues?????

5. Basic tissues are of 4 types……
1. Epithelial tissue
2. Connective tissue
3. Muscle tissue
4. Nervous tissue

7. Epithelial tissue

8. Definition
Epithelium consists of sheets of cells that
cover the external surfaces of the body, line
the internal cavities, forms various organs and
glands and line their ducts.

10. Epithelium
Simple
Epithelium
Simple Stratified
Squamou
s
Cuboidal
Non
ciliated
columnar
Ciliated
columnar
Columnar
Brush
border
columnar
Squamou
s
Non
keratinized
keratinized
Transitiona
l
Cuboidal
Columnar
Pseudo-stratified……..????

11. Basement membrane …..??
It is a thin noncellular region that
separates the epithelium from the
underlying connective tissue.

12. Squamous epithelium:
Nuclei produce bulging of the cell surfaces.
Mesothelium: covering of abdomen,heart,lungs
Endothelium: lumen of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels

13. E. g : Alveoli of the lungs.
Functions :-
Diffusion, secretion, absorption.

14. Simple squamous epithelium seen under
microscope

15. Cuboidal epithelium :-
Nucleus is rounded and placed at the center.
e. g : follicles of thyroid gland, ducts of glands,
outer surface of ovary

16. Cuboidal epithelium :-
Functions:-
Secretion, absorption, excretion.

17. Simple cuboidal epithelium seen under
microscope

18. Columnar epithelium:-
• Cells are elongated ,with elongated nucleus at the base.
• Columnar epithelium without cilia or microvilli .
• E. g:- mucous membrane of stomach

19. Surface modifications…….
1.Cilia – motile structure eg: uterine tubes,
uterus, respiratory system
2. Microvilli – non–motile
a) Striated – small intestine
b) Brush border – gall bladder
3. Stereocilia – non-motile, eg: epididymis,
vas deferens

21. Columnar epithelium with cilia (hair like projections):
E. g:- respiratory tract, uterine tube.

22. Columnar epithelium with microvilli arranged regularly
(striated border).
E. g:- small intestine
Columnar epithelium with microvilli arranged in irregular manner
(brush border)
E. g:- gall bladder

23. E. g : mucous membrane of stomach
Simple columnar epithelium seen under
microscope

24. Pseudo stratified columnar epithelium:-
Ciliated or non ciliated. Cells are present on the basement
membrane are of different height.
Nucleus of cells are at different levels.
E. g:- nasal cavity, trachea (ciliated)
Functions:- cilia of the cells trap dust.

25. Ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium
Seen under microscope

26. Stratified epithelium
Multilayered
Wear and tear
Types……….?????

27. Stratified squamous non keratinized
epithelium

28. Stratified squamous non keratinized
epithelium
 Basal columnar cells
 3-4 layers of polyhedral cells
 Surface layers of squamous cells.
 E.g. oral cavity, esophagus, vagina

29. Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

30. Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
 Basal columnar cells
 3-4 layers of polyhedral cells
 Surface layers of squamous cells
 Dead cells or keratin
 E.g. skin

31. Transitional epithelium (urothelium)
Function:- protection and distension

32. Transitional epithelium (urothelium)
 Basal columnar cells
 3-4 layers of pear shaped cells
 Topmost layer of facet cells (umbrella shaped)
 E.g., urinary bladder, ureter.

33. Stratified cuboidal epithelium:
E. g:- duct of sweat gland
Function:- it provides passage for secretion

34. Stratified columnar epithelium:
E. g:- ducts of salivary glands
Functions:- provides passage for secretion

35. Epithelium is non-vascular……..????