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This document defines key terms related to architecture and its history, including civilization, society, culture, style, and expression. It also outlines several influences on architecture, such as geographical, geological, climatic, religious, historical, and social/political factors. The document was written by Ar. Hilbert C. Mangonon and is intended to provide definitions and context for understanding the history of architecture.
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HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1 Course Learning .docx
HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit I
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Discuss key individuals in Western culture.
3.1 Identify key figures instrumental in the establishment of early civilization.
3.2 Identify actions, innovations, and/or events by influential individuals.
3.3 Discuss how notable individuals through 510 B.C.E. influenced the modern world.
Course/Unit Learning
Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Unit I Assessment
3.2
Unit Lesson
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Unit I Assessment
3.3
Unit Lesson
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Unit I Assessment
Reading Assignment
Chapter 1: Origins to 1200 B.C.E.
Chapter 2: Small Kingdoms and Mighty Empires in the Near East, 1200–510 B.C.E.
Unit Lesson
Today, when we refer to the West, its meaning can vary greatly depending on context, location, and
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some people; for others, it can serve as a reminder of a specific time and place, such as the American
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people, a socioeconomic tradition, and a common ancestry that traces its lineage to the earliest examples of
life and society.
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inhabitants, whether the proof is in terms of written, artistic, or artifactual evidence. The terms Old Stone and
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while New Stone and Neolithic refer to the period directly following (McKay et al., 2017).
UNIT I STUDY GUIDE
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UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
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HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1 Course Learning .docx
HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Discuss key individuals in Western culture.
3.1 Identify the influence of key leaders in shaping culture during the period 600–1000 C.E.
4. Recognize significant Western cultural practices.
4.1 Compare and contrast the features of Islam and Christianity in the period 600–1000 C.E.
6. Recognize influences that contributed to the development of Western society.
6.1 Trace the influences of Islamic and Carolingian society on developments in Western society in
the Middle Ages from 600–1000 C.E.
7. Contrast attributes of Western societies across different periods and locations.
7.1 Compare the historical attributes of Islamic and Christian societies from 600–1000 C.E.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 8
Unit V Essay
4.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 8
Unit V Essay
6.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 8
Unit V Essay
7.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 8
Unit V Essay
Reading Assignment
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Unit Lesson
Castles, marauders, gargoyles, illuminations—the Middle Ages inspire more movies and novels than any
other period in history. The Pillars of the Earth, Game of Thrones, Robin Hood, Vikings, The Secret of Kells,
The Name of the Rose, and even Monty Python’s The Holy Grail reflect an enduring fascination. In fiction, we
can propel ourselves into imaginary futures or steep ourselves in the past, and something about the mystery
of such a different life captures our imaginations.
This can have a downside, however, as the repetition of such familiar stories can lead us to assume that we
already understand this period and, therefore, neglect learning what really happened. Entertainment stories
have to be tested by the practice of ethical historical scholarship if the knowledge that shapes our decisions is
to be sound.
Possibly the greatest lesson to recover from the period 600–1000 C.E. is the variation in beliefs and customs
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UNIT V STUDY GUIDE
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UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
from North Africa to the land of the Norsemen, and the “Great Lake” of the Mediterranean in the midst. At this
same time, we see the expansion of two religions shaping culture and politics—Christianity and Islam. There
are many questions historians explore.
What beliefs and strategies led still-pagan cultures to convert?
What was different but also similar in the ways that Islam and Christianity shaped societies?
Why did the new governments advance knowledge?
How do we understand the persistence of unique local cultures?
How do we approach the history of faiths and s ...
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Defining CultureCulture as a Shared System of Meaning.docx
Defining Culture
Culture as a Shared System of Meaning
Culture: the knowledge that people in groups share and learn, which helps them to interpret and generate behavior
Components of Culture
Abstract body of knowledge expressed in various things throughout society
Beliefs, values, ideals, expectations, explanations
Ways of acting and interacting
People in groups (can not have a culture of one)
Culture as communication from individuals to the group
Cultures spawn subculture (subset of larger culture)
Subcultures have more of an impact on an individual’s lifestyle because they are more specialized
Have mostly to do with how you construct your reality, although you are still part of the national culture
What are some subcultures that you belong to?
Enculturation: the process of learning one’s own culture—also known as cultural learning.
Primary learning period is from birth to age seven
Continue learning throughout entire life
Dual-process of enculturation
Tacit: understood learning (observed/experienced learning)
Tacit learning is more valuable
Explicit: stated or written
Formal codes, laws, institutions
Sanctions: system of rewards and punishments
*Example of cultural learning: Southern California freeways. How does being able to survive on the freeways of Southern California require a combination of tacit and explicit cultural knowledge?
Cultural knowledge helps you interpret behavior and generate your own behavior
Allows individuals to act among others and be understood
Evolves and changes
Question to consider:
What are some examples of the way cultural knowledge has changed over time?
For example, look at the way we understand
gender in the contemporary moment—how has what it means to be a woman changed since even the beginning of the 20th century?
Set of ideas to defend/rationalize the distribution of power
Inequalities are arbitrary in that they are socially constructed/socially agreed upon
So what does this mean?
System of beliefs about the world that involves distortions of reality at the same time it provides justification for the status quo.
Ideology serves the interests of groups in the society who justify their position by distorting social definition of reality.
Social control? Gives “us” a definition of reality that is false, yet it simultaneously orders our comprehension of the surrounding world, it constructs our reality.
Ideology: system of justification (or to make right) of arbitrary inequalities
A social construction, or social construct, is an idea which may appear to be natural and obvious to those who accept it, but in reality is an invention or artifact of a particular culture or society.
Social constructs are in some sense human choices rather than laws resulting from divine will or nature.
Obvious social constructs include such things as games, language, money, governments, universities, corporations and other institutions.
Less obvious social constru.
Ancient Mesopotamia Course Description
This is a course description I wrote for Ancient Mesopotamia: Life in the Cradle of Civilization, a course offered by The Great Courses. This is the first course exclusively devoted to Mesopotamia and its culture.
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Architecture can be defined as the art and science of designing and constructing buildings. It is influenced by geographical, geological, climatic, religious, historical, social and political factors of a region. Some key influences include available local materials, prevailing weather patterns, and dominant religions which impact building styles. Architecture reflects the culture and achievements of historical civilizations through surviving structures.
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The document discusses several key topics in cultural geography:
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HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1 Course Learning .docx
HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit I
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Discuss key individuals in Western culture.
3.1 Identify key figures instrumental in the establishment of early civilization.
3.2 Identify actions, innovations, and/or events by influential individuals.
3.3 Discuss how notable individuals through 510 B.C.E. influenced the modern world.
Course/Unit Learning
Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Unit I Assessment
3.2
Unit Lesson
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Unit I Assessment
3.3
Unit Lesson
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Unit I Assessment
Reading Assignment
Chapter 1: Origins to 1200 B.C.E.
Chapter 2: Small Kingdoms and Mighty Empires in the Near East, 1200–510 B.C.E.
Unit Lesson
Today, when we refer to the West, its meaning can vary greatly depending on context, location, and
familiarity of an individual. Looking at a globe, west may appropriately refer to the left of any specific point for
some people; for others, it can serve as a reminder of a specific time and place, such as the American
Western frontier. In the context of world history, the West is a shorthand reference to not just a location but a
people, a socioeconomic tradition, and a common ancestry that traces its lineage to the earliest examples of
life and society.
In Unit I, we will focus on these earliest traces of world culture and witness the emergence of the organization
of national, cultural, and societal segregation from a time when they did not exist. To start, when looking at
the earliest evidence of culture, it is necessary to understand why periods of time are labeled.
Starting in the 19th century, science and the humanities worked together to distinguish and divide periods for
ease of reference. This division is central to geology and archaeology being able to classify millions of years
of undocumented history into an understandable form. Historians primarily focus on periods with proven
inhabitants, whether the proof is in terms of written, artistic, or artifactual evidence. The terms Old Stone and
Paleolithic refer to the period from as early as 3.4 million years ago up to 9000 Before Common Era (B.C.E.),
while New Stone and Neolithic refer to the period directly following (McKay et al., 2017).
UNIT I STUDY GUIDE
Pre-Civilization
HY 1010, Western Civilization I 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Old and New Stone Eras
There is argument concerning how long ago the earliest hominid (i.e., erect two-legged mammal) began to
resemble what we today call human. Looking at the Old Stone era, the years it encompasses reflect a period
in which there is evidence of use of weapons and simple tools, such as hooks, traps, leather coverings, and
flint for fire. For modern researchers, the mention of stone is a reference to the materials primarily found in
artifacts from the era.
Scientists and a.
Ch7 cultural geography
1) Culture can be defined as cultivated behaviors and systems of knowledge that are socially learned and transmitted between groups of people.
2) There are different perspectives on culture, including cultural determinism which sees culture as determining human nature, and cultural relativism which sees cultures as unique and understands them in their own context rather than as superior or inferior.
3) Cultural geography examines themes such as culture as a way of life, as meaning embedded in landscapes, as everyday practices, and as relations of power between groups.
Introduction OF HISTORY
This document defines and describes several key concepts related to history and society. It explains that history is the study of significant past events and their causes arranged systematically. Culture is defined as the shared systems of knowledge, experiences, beliefs and meanings of a group of people. Society is described as a large-scale cooperating community of people with common traditions and identity developed through interaction. Civilization refers to an advanced human society that has achieved a high level of culture, science, industry and government. An era denotes a clearly defined period of time marked by characteristic events and changes, while a time period has an established beginning and end date measured in time units.
Pre historic architecture
This document outlines an architecture history course covering 8 modules that explore ancient civilizations and their architectural developments, including notable structures from Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Indus Valley, Greek, Roman, and Meso-American cultures. It also provides background context on studying history and architecture history to understand how shelters and built forms have evolved over time. Assignments are included to analyze and sketch prehistoric settlements, structures, and cave paintings.
Mapping a cultural_landscape_case_-palak (2)
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HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1 Course Learning .docx
HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Discuss key individuals in Western culture.
3.1 Identify the influence of key leaders in shaping culture during the period 600–1000 C.E.
4. Recognize significant Western cultural practices.
4.1 Compare and contrast the features of Islam and Christianity in the period 600–1000 C.E.
6. Recognize influences that contributed to the development of Western society.
6.1 Trace the influences of Islamic and Carolingian society on developments in Western society in
the Middle Ages from 600–1000 C.E.
7. Contrast attributes of Western societies across different periods and locations.
7.1 Compare the historical attributes of Islamic and Christian societies from 600–1000 C.E.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 8
Unit V Essay
4.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 8
Unit V Essay
6.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 8
Unit V Essay
7.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 8
Unit V Essay
Reading Assignment
Chapter 8: Europe in the Early Middle Ages, 600–1000
Unit Lesson
Castles, marauders, gargoyles, illuminations—the Middle Ages inspire more movies and novels than any
other period in history. The Pillars of the Earth, Game of Thrones, Robin Hood, Vikings, The Secret of Kells,
The Name of the Rose, and even Monty Python’s The Holy Grail reflect an enduring fascination. In fiction, we
can propel ourselves into imaginary futures or steep ourselves in the past, and something about the mystery
of such a different life captures our imaginations.
This can have a downside, however, as the repetition of such familiar stories can lead us to assume that we
already understand this period and, therefore, neglect learning what really happened. Entertainment stories
have to be tested by the practice of ethical historical scholarship if the knowledge that shapes our decisions is
to be sound.
Possibly the greatest lesson to recover from the period 600–1000 C.E. is the variation in beliefs and customs
across regions and among different peoples in the West, from Gibraltar to Iceland, from Russia to Persia,
UNIT V STUDY GUIDE
Europe in the Early Middle Ages, 600–1000:
The Rise of Christianity and Islam
HY 1010, Western Civilization I 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
from North Africa to the land of the Norsemen, and the “Great Lake” of the Mediterranean in the midst. At this
same time, we see the expansion of two religions shaping culture and politics—Christianity and Islam. There
are many questions historians explore.
What beliefs and strategies led still-pagan cultures to convert?
What was different but also similar in the ways that Islam and Christianity shaped societies?
Why did the new governments advance knowledge?
How do we understand the persistence of unique local cultures?
How do we approach the history of faiths and s ...
SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY basic concepts and principles
This document discusses key concepts in social geography. Social geography examines the relationships between people and their environments and how human culture interacts with the natural world. It focuses on two main themes - globalization and local diversity. The five main themes of geography studied in social geography are location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and regions. Social geography seeks to understand spatial distributions and patterns of people, activities, and phenomena across various places. It also examines concepts such as community, society, social groups and structures, and how they relate to space.
World History Essay Topics
World History hw essay2
World History
History Essay
Essay about What is World History?
World History in Context Essay
The Importance of History Essay
World History Reflection
The nature of geography
Geography is the study of the Earth and its inhabitants. It has two main branches: physical geography, which studies the natural environment including landforms, climate, oceans, and resources; and human geography, which examines how humans impact and interact with the environment through population distribution, land use, and cultural practices. Geography draws from both natural sciences when studying the physical world, and social sciences when investigating human activities and settlements. It is a broad field that relates to many other areas of knowledge.
Binding Time Harold Innis And The Balance Of New Media
This document discusses the work and ideas of Canadian communications theorist Harold Innis and the extent to which his concepts about media still apply today. Innis explored how different media relate to space and time, distinguishing between space-binding media like newspapers and radio that facilitate rapid change over distances, and time-binding media like oral traditions and manuscripts that influence cultural patterns over long durations. The document examines how digital media both accelerate globalization and structure relationships with the past and future, and whether digitized cultural records can seem virtualized or still retain materiality.
Lecture-3.ppt
This document discusses how geography, climate, politics, religion, and socio-cultural factors influence architecture. It provides examples of how site planning considers topography, weather patterns, and other geographical features. Politically, governments use architecture to promote nationalism and religious buildings concretize spiritual beliefs. Socially, housing design reflects income strata and vernacular architecture emerges from tight-knit communities, as seen in the Kowloon Walled City example. Overall, the document examines the various environmental and human factors that shape architectural form and urban planning.
Defining CultureCulture as a Shared System of Meaning.docx
Defining Culture
Culture as a Shared System of Meaning
Culture: the knowledge that people in groups share and learn, which helps them to interpret and generate behavior
Components of Culture
Abstract body of knowledge expressed in various things throughout society
Beliefs, values, ideals, expectations, explanations
Ways of acting and interacting
People in groups (can not have a culture of one)
Culture as communication from individuals to the group
Cultures spawn subculture (subset of larger culture)
Subcultures have more of an impact on an individual’s lifestyle because they are more specialized
Have mostly to do with how you construct your reality, although you are still part of the national culture
What are some subcultures that you belong to?
Enculturation: the process of learning one’s own culture—also known as cultural learning.
Primary learning period is from birth to age seven
Continue learning throughout entire life
Dual-process of enculturation
Tacit: understood learning (observed/experienced learning)
Tacit learning is more valuable
Explicit: stated or written
Formal codes, laws, institutions
Sanctions: system of rewards and punishments
*Example of cultural learning: Southern California freeways. How does being able to survive on the freeways of Southern California require a combination of tacit and explicit cultural knowledge?
Cultural knowledge helps you interpret behavior and generate your own behavior
Allows individuals to act among others and be understood
Evolves and changes
Question to consider:
What are some examples of the way cultural knowledge has changed over time?
For example, look at the way we understand
gender in the contemporary moment—how has what it means to be a woman changed since even the beginning of the 20th century?
Set of ideas to defend/rationalize the distribution of power
Inequalities are arbitrary in that they are socially constructed/socially agreed upon
So what does this mean?
System of beliefs about the world that involves distortions of reality at the same time it provides justification for the status quo.
Ideology serves the interests of groups in the society who justify their position by distorting social definition of reality.
Social control? Gives “us” a definition of reality that is false, yet it simultaneously orders our comprehension of the surrounding world, it constructs our reality.
Ideology: system of justification (or to make right) of arbitrary inequalities
A social construction, or social construct, is an idea which may appear to be natural and obvious to those who accept it, but in reality is an invention or artifact of a particular culture or society.
Social constructs are in some sense human choices rather than laws resulting from divine will or nature.
Obvious social constructs include such things as games, language, money, governments, universities, corporations and other institutions.
Less obvious social constru.
Ancient Mesopotamia Course Description
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Universal History
- History is the science that collects, relates and interprets knowledge about humans from their origins to the present. It aims to explain past events by understanding causes and consequences.
- The earliest human ancestors lived in Africa around 7 million years ago. Early humans began making stone tools around 2 million years ago and modern humans spread worldwide by around 100,000 years ago.
- The development of farming and permanent settlements during the Neolithic Revolution beginning around 9000 BC led to the rise of early civilizations in places like Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley, Egypt, and others.
English 7 Q3 - Lesson 3 Influences of History, Culture, Environment, Other Fa...
This document discusses various influences on literary works, including history, culture, environment, and economy. It provides examples of how each influence can shape themes, characters, settings, and narratives. Specifically, historical events can inform a work's setting or themes. Cultural beliefs and traditions may be reflected in a work's characters, language, or themes. Environmental settings and issues can impact tone and serve as plot elements. Economic factors can also influence characters' decisions and interactions as well as entire stories.
Journal Essay
Language Grade 8: Proper Journal and Essay Format. Journal Writing. Sample - SAMPLE Adapted from Lee 2013 Sample 1 1 .... How To Write A Journal - Complete Howto Wikies. Key Questions in Humanities Journal: JOURNAL ENTRY 13: Short Essay 1. How to write journal paper. writing the introduction to a journal .... How I Plan a Book, Part 5: Writing Journals Susan Dennard. Examples for Journal Writing Assignment Émile Durkheim Solidarity. How to write journals. 001 Essay Example Examples Reflective L Journal Thatsnotus. Example journal writing essay - sludgeport919.web.fc2.com. Point of View Journal Essays 1 and 2 - Point of View Journal 1 and 2 .... Mr. JBs Literature Class: Proper Journal and Essay Format. Journal Writing Education Theory Teachers. How to write a journal for college - reportz759.web.fc2.com. PDF The Use of Journal Writing in Teaching English Writing. Example of a journal 400 Words - PHDessay.com. Write that journal article in 7 days. Journal Writing Guide: Example, Ideas amp; Benefits - MyAssignmenthelp. Learning journal essay. Journals - English Portfolio. How to Read an Academic Journal Article. http://www.sagepub.com .... 5 Journal Writing Templates - PDF Free amp; Premium Templates. How to write a journal article. How to Read Psychology Journal .... 008 Scientific Journal Format Example 130590 Essay On Hard Work Always .... Journal Article Review Template amulette. PDF Effectiveness of Journal Writing in Supporting Skills in Writing .... Descriptive Essay: Journal paper example. 5 Daily Journal Entry Templates - PDF. How to write up a journal article - demaphyanu.web.fc2.com Journal Essay Journal Essay
1. sedentarism,nomadism metal age
Early humans lived nomadic lifestyles, traveling in small bands and hunting/gathering food. Some began settling in permanent villages during the Neolithic era, practicing the first agriculture and domesticating plants and animals. This allowed for specialization of labor and the establishment of permanent settlements that grew into early civilizations along river valleys, where they developed irrigation, social hierarchy, religion, arts, and writing. The emergence of civilizations marked the beginning of the Bronze Age and the transition from prehistory to recorded human history.
The Introduction to History - the lookinng back in the past
15. Statement: The Rizal Law is only applicable to Filipino students, and foreign students studying in the Philippines are exempted from its provisions.
Urban Hub31 - Down To Earth
Context
It’s Down to Earth
Earth Architecture/building
African Earth Architecture competition
Timber Revolution
Bamboo Architecture
City Ideas
Village 3.0: Concept
ReGen Village: Netherlands
Orchid City Framework
Soulful City Concept: Edmonton
15 Minutes Living Concept
Amsterdam City Doughnut Framework
City Slums
Transition Towns Concept
Regenerative Design Concepts
Ekistics; RSVP Cycles; Design With Nature; Poverty Spotlight; Urban Profiling;
Biomimicry; Cradle to Cradle; Circular Economics; Urban Wellbeing
Psychology & the City
Boundaries
Boundaries; Sustainable Development Goals
Vernacular Architectural Preservation of Material and Spiritual Interconnecte...
Vernacular Architectural Preservation of Material and Spiritual Interconnecte...Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
This document summarizes research on the preservation of interconnected cultural heritage through vernacular architectural examples. It analyzes the Siberian Chum and Native American Tipi dwellings, noting their similar circular shapes centered around a fire and use of poles/skins for construction. DNA and linguistic evidence suggests a connection between indigenous Siberian and Native American cultures. It also examines the 2nd century BC Arkaim settlement in Russia, noting its fire-centered layout reflects the fire-worshipping Indo-Aryan inhabitants. Vernacular architecture acts as living evidence that conveys intangible cultural traditions and spiritual beliefs through tangible building forms.Similar to 00 history of architecture 3 (20)
HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1 Course Learning .docx
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HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1 Course Learning .docx
HY 1010, Western Civilization I 1 Course Learning .docx
Binding Time Harold Innis And The Balance Of New Media
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English 7 Q3 - Lesson 3 Influences of History, Culture, Environment, Other Fa...
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00 history of architecture 3
- 2. Authorship + Disclaimer This work is the property of Ar. Hilbert C. Mangonon. Always check the values given in this document against the original references. For questions or corrections, contact the author at arhcmangonon@gmail.com.
- 4. History A systematic, often chronological narrative of significant events as relating to a particular people, country, or period, often including an explanation of their causes.
- 5. Civilization An advance state of human society marked by a relatively high level of cultural, technical, and political development.
- 6. Society An enduring and cooperating large-scale community of people having common traditions, institutions, and identity, whose members have developed collective interests and beliefs through interaction with one another.
- 7. Culture The integrated pattern of human knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors built up by a group of human beings and transmitted from one generation to the next.
- 8. Style A particular or distinctive form of artistic expression characteristic of a person, people, or period.
- 9. Expression The manner in which meaning, spirit, or character is symbolized or communicated in the execution of an artistic work.
- 11. Geographical Pinpoints the location of a particular country. It describes whether it is near the sea, an island, on the mountains, deserts and others.
- 12. Geological Describes the materials found in the locality. The character and composition of the earth and the contour of the ground. Materials like stones, trees, reeds, bamboo, clay for bricks, marble, metals, all influence the character of the buildings.
- 13. Climatic The prevailing weather in the country. If there is much sunshine or little rain, if there are winters with much snow, these affect the character like for example the roofing of a country with snow should be steep to ward off the snow while the windows in cold climates should be wide to permit light to enter and warm the rooms.
- 14. Religion This is the emotional temperament and spiritual tendencies of the people in a particular country. If they are pagans they build temples for numerous gods, if they are Christian they build churches with altars. Muslim build mosques.
- 15. Historical The background of the people as a whole. Were there wars in the past? If so, buildings would have been ruined and new structures built.
- 16. Social and Political How the people lived and governed. Whether they are hostile, friendly, ruled by a king under democratic rule.
- 17. End