0 passive voice-definition

A Voz Passiva
A voz passiva constrói-se com o verbo auxiliar “to be” no tempo em que se
encontra o verbo principal na voz activa seguido do particípio passado do verbo
principal (3ª coluna). O sujeito da frase na voz activa transformar-se-á em agente
da passiva e o complemento directo da voz activa será o sujeito da frase na voz
passiva:1
Construção:
Thomas fixed the TV.
(a, b) (c, d, e) (f, g)
a) Identificamos o Sujeito: Thomas
b) O sujeito da voz Activa será o agente da passiva.
c) Identificamos o verbo e o tempo verbal – verbo: fixed, simple past
d) Colocamos o verbo “to be” no tempo em que estiver o verbo da voz activa
e) O verbo principal ficará no particípio passado
f) Identificamos o complemento: the TV.
g) O complemento será o nosso sujeito da voz passiva.
The TV was fixed by Thomas.
(f, g) (c, d, e) (a, b)
Simple Present Active: Rita writes a letter.
Passive:
A letter is written by Rita.
1. Simple Present – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ
PASSIVA:
a) I write a long letter
b) He writes a note.
c) She gives an interview.
d) We call the secretary.
e) You see the ball.
f) They buy today’s paper.
PASSIVA, negativa e interrogativa:
g) I don’t write a long letter
h) He doesn’t write a note.
i) Does she give an interview?
j) We don’t call the secretary.
k) Do you see the ball?
l) Do they buy today’s paper?
PASSIVA, afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa:
a) We set the table.
b) She pays a lot of money.
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Atenção às passivas idiomáticas!
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c) I draw a picture.
d) They wear blue shoes.
e) They don't help you.
f) He doesn't open the book.
g) You do not write the letter.
h) Does your mum pick you up?
i) Does the police officer catch the thief?
Simple Past Active: Rita wrote a letter.
Passive:
A letter was written by Rita.
4. Simple Past – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA,
negativa ou interrogativa:
m) I wrote a long letter
n) He wrote a note.
o) She gave an interview.
p) We called the secretary.
q) You saw the ball.
r) They bought today’s paper.
s) I didn’t write a long letter
t) He didn’t write a note.
u) Did she give an interview.
v) We didn’t call the secretary.
w) Did you see the ball.
x) Did they buy today’s paper.
afirmativa, negativa ou interrogativa:
a) Somebody hit me.
b) We stopped the bus.
c) A thief stole my car.
d) They didn't let him go.
e) She didn't win the prize.
f) They didn't make their beds.
g) I did not tell them.
h) Did you tell them?
i) Did he send the letter?
Present Perfect Active: Rita has written a letter.
Passive: has been written by Rita.
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A letter
7. Present Perfect – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ
PASSIVA:
a) I have eaten many sweets.
b) She has sold the red car.
c) He has sent fifteen postcards.
d) We have found an old Roman village.
e) You have visited the museum.
f) They have stolen the purse.
8. Present Perfect – Transforma as seguintes frases em VOZ PASSIVA,
g) I haven’t eaten many sweets.
h) She hasn’t sold the red car.
i) Has he sent fifteen postcards?
j) We have found an old Roman village.
k) Have you have the museum?
l) They haven’t stolen the purse.
9. Present Perfect – Transforma as seguintes frases em VOZ PASSIVA,
a) I have eaten a hamburger.
b) We have cycled five miles.
c) I have opened the present.
d) They have not read the book.
e) You have not sent the parcel.
f) We have not agreed to this issue.
g) They have not caught the thieves.
h) Has she phoned him?
i) Have they noticed us?
Past Perfect
Active: Rita had written a letter.
Passive:
A letter
had been written by Rita.
10. Past Perfect – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA:
m) I had eaten many sweets.
n) She had sold the red car.
o) He had sent fifteen postcards.
p) We had found an old Roman village.
q) You had visited the museum.
r) They had stolen the purse.
11. Past Perfect – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA,
s) Had I eaten many sweets?
t) Had she sold the red car?
u) He hadn’t sent fifteen postcards.
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v) We had found an old Roman village.
w) Had you had the museum?
x) They hadn’t stolen the purse.
12. Past Perfect – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA,
a) Joe had cleaned the tables.
b) We had lost the key.
c) They had started a fight.
d) I had been reading an article.
e) I had not closed the window.
f) They had not bought the paper.
g) She had not noticed me.
h) Had she solved the problem?
i) Had he recorded that song?
Present Continuous
Active: Rita is writing a letter.
Passive:
A letter is being written by Rita.
13. Present Continuous– Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ
PASSIVA:
a) I am cleaning the fridge.
b) He is opening the big stone door.
c) Kathy is singing a nice song.
d) We are pushing the boy.
e) You are carrying a heavy burden.
f) They are trowing the stones into the water.
g) I am not cleaning the fridge.
h) Is he opening the big stone door?
i) Is Kathy singing a nice song?
j) We are not pushing the boy.
k) Are you carrying a heavy burden?
l) They aren’t trowing the stones into the water.
PASSIVA, afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa:
a) My father is washing the car.
b) Farmer Joe is milking the cows.
c) She is taking a picture of him.
d) I am writing a poem.
e) We are not playing football.
f) He is not wearing a tie.
g) Is she preparing the party?
h) Are they talking about the meeting?
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i) Is she watering the flowers?
Past Continuous
Active: Rita was writing a letter.
Passive:
A letter was being written by Rita.
16. Past Continuous– Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ
PASSIVA:
a) I was questioning the guards.
b) A policeman was stopping the cars.
c) Rachel was calling the children.
d) You were wearing a black hat.
e) We were playing pop music.
f) They were watching the birds.
g) I wasn’t questioning the guards.
h) Was a policeman stopping the cars?
i) Was Rachel calling the children?
j) You weren’t wearing a black hat.
k) We weren’t playing pop music.
l) Were they watching the birds?
a) He was playing the guitar.
b) She was watching a film.
c) was repairing their bikes.
d) They were not eating dinner.
e) We were not painting the gate.
f) You were not driving him home.
g) He was not feeding the dogs.
h) Was she reading these lines?
i) Were they carrying bags?
Future Active: Rita Will/shall write a letter.
Passive:
A letter Will/shall be written by Rita.
19. Future – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA:
a) I shall accept the suggestion.
b) Gary will finish the job.
c) She will forget all problems.
d) Jane and I will solve the mystery.
e) You will discover a good place to settle.
f) The farmers will cultivate the fields.
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20. Future – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA,
negativa e interrogativa:
g) I shan’t accept the suggestion.
h) Will Gary finish the job?
i) Will she forget all problems.?
j) Jane and I won’t solve the mystery.
k) Will you discover a good place to settle?
l) The farmers won’t cultivate the fields.
21. Future – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA,
afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa:
a) Jane will buy a new computer.
b) Her boyfriend will install it.
c) Millions of people will visit the museum.
d) Our boss will sign the contract.
e) You will not do it.
f) They will not show the new film.
g) He won't see Sue.
h) They will not ask him.
i) Will the company employ a new worker?
j) Will the plumber repair the shower?
Future II Active: Rita Is going to write a letter.
Passive:
A letter Is going to be written by Rita.
22. “To be Going to” Future – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na
VOZ PASSIVA:
a) Mr. Green is going to buy a new flat.
b) Uncle George is going to buy a new flat.
c) We are going to see a very interesting documentary.
d) The Police Inspector is going to investigate the robbery.
e) Thousands of people are going to watch the game on television.
f) International firms are going to produce historical films.
VOZ PASSIVA, negativa e interrogativa:
g) Is Mr. Green going to buy a new flat?
h) Uncle George isn’t going to buy a new flat.
i) Are we going to see a very interesting documentary?
j) The Police Inspector isn’t going to investigate the robbery.
k) Are thousands of people going to watch the game on television?
l) Are international firms going to produce historical films?
VOZ PASSIVA, afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa:
a) She is going to feed the cats.
b) Mary is going to wear her red shoes tonight.
c) We aren’t going to ask them directions.
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d) Is he going to ask her out?
e) Are you going to eat all that food?
f) I am not going to take the car.
Modal verbs Active: Rita Can/would/may/should write a letter.
Passive:
A letter Can/would/may/should be written by Rita.
25. Modal Verbs – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA,
afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa:
a) The waitress should serve my morning tea in the room.
b) Travel agencies might accept traveler’s cheques.
c) Mr. Clark couldn’t fix the shop window.
d) The headmaster may sign the certificate this afternoon.
e) Nowadays men can change the climate.
f) Should cultured people protect the forests?
g) Mary ought to do something about the flowers.
h) We must paint our room.
i) They can’t repair our car.
j) Someone is going to install the new programme.
k) They should feed the dog once a day.
l) Mary can’t solve this exercise.
m) They are going to publish a new book.
n) We must inform him about the news.
o) We should discuss the matter again.
p) They are going to build a new bridge.
q) He used to make coffee every morning.
r) Tom may buy a new computer.
s) Laura might not invite Tina to the party.
t) Karen has to prepare dinner for everyone.
u) We needn’t do our homework now.
v) She used to clean the house every day.
26. Modal Verbs – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ
ACTIVA:
a) Mark can’t have stolen the money.
b) We should have informed the police.
c) Maria might have made a mistake.
d) The truck could have killed you.
e) He might have painted this picture before the war.
f) The police must have arrested the criminal by now
g) They should have called the doctor immediately.
h) She can’t have invited her former husband.
i) The fire may have damaged the house
j) He must have paid the electricity bill.
Passiva sem agente
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O agente da passiva é normalmente omitido quando o sujeito da voz activa
apresenta um carácter indefinido ou vago, não se tornando necessário
expressar quem pratica a acção.
Ex.: The painter has painted our house => Our house has been painted. / Michael Angelo painted
the Sistine Chapel => The Sistine Chapel was painetd by Michael Angelo.
O agente da passiva é omitido quando o sujeito da voz activa for um dos seguintes:
one, they, you, nobody, someone, everybody, no one.
27. No Agent – Transforma as seguintes frases em frases na VOZ PASSIVA:
a) They’ve stolen a million pounds.
b) One watches a lot of TV in the UK.
c) No one will discover the secret passage.
d) Everyone must respect the traffic laws.
e) You had thrown everything away.
f) Is someone making all the necessary arrangements?
g) Someone has to clean the offices every morning.
h) They are going to collect the letters in the evening.
28. Segue o exemplo dado e inicia as frases por “how much” ou “how many”:
ate/apples => How many apples were eaten.
a) have written/postcards/at Christmas time?
b) Spent/much money?
c) Will eat/ice-creams/this Summer?
d) Are stealing/cars/each night?
e) Had smoked/cigarettes/during the party?
Pasiva idiomática
A passiva idiomática não tem equivalente em português mas é muito utilizada em
inglês. Chamamos passiva idiomática quando na voz activa temos dois
complementos: directo e indirecto. Normalmente é o complemento indirecto
que iremos transformar em sujeito da passiva.
The girls showed them the new album. => They were shown the new album by the girls
(sujeito) (c. Ind.) (c. Dir.)
Subject Verb Object 1 Object 2
Active: Rita Wrote a letter to me.
Passive: A letter was written to me by Rita.
Passive: I was written a letter by Rita.
29. Coloca as seguintes frases na voz passiva usando o C. Indirecto como
sujeito da frase:
a) Mrs Millet has given Andy and Rob some eggs from the farm.
b) They gave Richard a bike for his birthday.
c) Aunt Rose had promised me a lovely jumper.
d) The girls are going to show Tim how to use a computer.
e) The detective’s telling them about the robbery.
f) The postman brings us lots of letters everyday.
g) He gives his son the envelopes and the stamps.
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h) The old woman will offer the children lots of nice food.
i) I’ll send you a box of smashing slides.
j) They didn’t teach him any Chinese words.
k) They allowed him to leave school.
l) They asked her her name at the information desk.
m) They will award Samuel a scholarship.
n) They offered you a better job.
o) They should tell us the truth.
p) They have given Peter a good piece of advice.
q) They are showing Barbara the new models.
r) They might teach me three languages.
s) They sent Dave lovely Christmas cards.
t) They would supply you with money if necessary.
u) They can't have told the parents that awful lie.
v) They won't offer me a car.
w) They didn't teach us Greek.
x) They showed me a new flat.
30 – Coloca as seguintes frases quer na VOZ PASSIVA quer na VOZ ACTIVA,
fazendo as alterações necessárias, em alguns casos, o sujeito que deves usar
encontra-se sublinhado:
a) Mike had to do a lot of work.
b) Their best friends couldn’t be forgotten.
c) The rest of the day will be spent there.
d) Did they write a book about the new discoveries?
e) They should make a shopping list.
f) Those Roman coins weren’t found in the town suburbs.
g) The village had been built nearly a hundred years ago.
h) They haven’t stolen it after all.
i) The TV is going to be repaired.
j) Was the car left in the garage?
k) You should not press the white button.
l) Mr. Morris wasn’t expecting her that evening.
m) The children’s laughter can’t be heard from here.
n) The waiter brought them the bill on a silver plate.
o) How many car accidents are reported each year in your country?
p) What will be done with the old buildings?
q) Had the people of Madrid been informed about the earthquake?
r) Was the address written inside?
s) The big international football match was being watched by thousands of
people.
t) What’s being done at the moment to save their lives?
u) You were left a notice at the office.
v) They have to give more love and understanding to old people.
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