trigeminal neuralgia

1. TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
Sudden,usually unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing,lancinating,paroxysmal, recurring pain in the distribution of one or more branches of 5thcranial nerve
ETIOLOGY & PATHOGENESIS
Usually idiopathic
Injury to the nerve root is an important initiating factor in the disease.
PROBABLE ETIOLOGIC FACTORS
Dental Etiology
Infection
Ratner’s jaw bone cavities]
Multiple sclerosis
Petrous ridge compression
Post traumatic neuralgia
Intracranial tumors
Intracranial vascular abnormalities
Viral etiology
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS :
Sudden, unilateral, lancinating, intermittent, paroxymal, sharp
shooting, shock like pain, elicited by slight touching superficial ‘Trigger points’
Pain is usually confined to one part of one division of Trigeminal nerve.
(V3 more commonly involved than V2 & rarely V1 involved)
Pain rarely crosses the midline: Unilateral
Pain lasts for few seconds to minutes and disappears promptly and
pain free in between two attacks
Pain precipitates on touching some trigger zones on face and presence
of trigger zone is definitive indicator of trigeminal neuralgia.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Incidence-ABout 4 in one lakh person
Age of occurrence- Fifth or sixth decade of life
Sex predilection-Female predisposition 58%
Affliction for sides- Predilection on the right side 60%
DIAGNOSIS
Dept of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
NORTH BENGAL DENTAL COLLEGE &
HOSPITL
Trigger Points