gnm

1. HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM :-
Definition:- Health information system (HIS) is defined as a
mechanism for the organizing and operating health services and
also for research and training .
Objectives of Health Information System:-
 To provide reliable , latest and useful health information to all
levels of health officers and administrator.
 To contribute towards the achievement of objectives of health
policies and programmes.
 To increase efficiency and quality in health management .
 To provide information about periodically and time –bound
programmes.
 To amend health policies and working system on the basis of
feedback

2.  Health information system should be population based.
 Health information system should be problem oriented.
 Health information system should employ functional
and operational terms.(e.g. episodes of illness , treatment
regimens, laboratory test.)
 The health information system should avoid the
unnecessary agglomeration of data.
 The health information system should express
information briefly and imaginatively,( e.g. tables,
Charts, percentages.)
 The information system should make provision for
feedback of data.

3.  Demography and vital events.
 Environmental health statistics.
 Health status- morality, morbidity, disability and
quality of life.
 Health resources- facilities, beds , manpower.
 Utilization and non utilization of health services,
attendances, admission, Waiting lists.
 Financial statistics ( cost , expenditure) related to
particular objectives .
 Indices of outcome of medical care.

4.  To measure the health status of the people.
 To quantify health problems, medical and health care need.
 To compare local, national and international health status of
the people.
 To plan effective management of health services and
programmes.
 To assess the effectiveness and efficiency of accomplishing
objectives of health services.
 To assess the attitudes and degree of satisfaction of the
beneficiaries with the health system .
 To conduct research on particular problems of health and
disease.

5. 1. Census.
2. Registration of vital events .
3. Sample registration system .
4. Notification of disease.
5. Hospital records.
6. Disease register.
7. Record linkage.
8. Epidemiological surveillance.
9. Other health services records.
10. Environmental health data
11. Manpower statistics

6. 1. Census : the total process of collecting , compiling and
publishing demographic , economic and social data pertaining
at a specific time or times , to all persons in a country or
delimited territory.
2. Registration of vital events : it is a legal registration ,
statistical recording and reporting of occurrence of statistics
and the collection , compilation , presentation , analysis and
distribution of statistics pertaining to vital events , i.e. live
births , deaths, fatal deaths, marriages ,
3. Sample registration system: it is used to provide reliable
estimates of birth and death rates at the national and state
level.
4. Notification of disease: notification provides valuable
information about fluctuations in disease frequency . It is also
provides early warning about new occurrence or outbreaks or
disease.

7. 5. Hospital record:- The hospital records provide information
about age , sex, diagnosis , time interval between
occurrence and hospital admission , distribution of patients
according to different social and biological characteristics .
6. Disease register :- Morbidity registers exist only for certain
diseases and condition . It also provide information about
duration of illness , case fatality and survival.
7. Record linkage:- medical record linkage implies the
assembly and is maintained for each individual in a
population , of a file of the more important records relating
to death.
8. Epidemiological surveillance:- it is a system used to a report
on the occurrence of new cases and on effort to control
disease.
9. Other health service record :- it includes outpatient
departments ,PHC , Sub Centre , polyclinics Private
practitioners , MCH centre , School health Records Diabetic
and Hypertensive clinics.

8. 10. Environmental Health data :- it is helpful in the
identification and qualification of causative factors of
disease . Collection of environmental data plays an
essential role to remain as a major problem for the
future.
11. Manpower statistics :- it is a information about
physicians , dentists , pharmacists , veterinarians ,
hospital nurse , medical technicians etc. their records
are maintained by the state medical / dental / nursing
councils and the directorates of medical education