types of bricks,tools used,advantages,manufacturing of bricks

1. Z
BRICKS

2. ss
What is brick?
.
Building material
Block or a single unit of a kneaded clay-
bearing soil, sand and lime, or concrete
material, fire-hardened or air-dried, used
in masonry construction.

3. BRICK DIMENSIONS
75 mm
115 mm
230 mm
STANDARD BRICK SIZE

4. BASIC TERMS

5. Closer: it is the portion of the brick
cut length wise in such a manner
that its one long face remains
uncut.

6. Bat: it is the portion of brick cut
across the width.

7. TYPES OF CLOSERS
1.KING CLOSER

8. Queen Closer

9. Mitred Closer
Angle 45° to 60°

10. BATS
1.HALF BAT
1/2

11. Bat 3/4
3/4

12. Bevelled Bat

13. Tools used
•Trowel
•Plumb bob
•Hammer
•Spirit level
•Mason square
•Steel tape

14. Trowel
Brick
Hammer
Mason Square
Plumb
Bob

15. ADVANTAGES OF
BRICKS

16. 1.Strong and Durable
2. Low Maintenance

17. Thermal Performance
Brick buildings, particularly double brick, have
excellent thermal mass

18. Design Flexibility
Fire Resistance

19. PROPERTIES
OF BRICKS

20. Feels
•Hard - moulded clay is baked at a very
high temperature to form bricks
•Roughish-and looks dull
•Dry
•Easy to handle - bricks are all the same
regular shape and size making them easy to
carry and build

21. Takes
•Bonding- they make a strong structure when
bonded together
Resistance
•Cold - brick keeps in heat (insulates)
•Electricity - they will not carry an electrical charge
•Weather - bricks are hard-wearing and reasonably
weatherproof
•Fire - they will blacken but not burn.

22. Changes
•If frozen - bricks are not waterproof and will slowly
absorb water - if the water freezes and therefore
expands then the ice will lead to the bricks flaking and
breaking up
•If knocked - bricks are brittle and will shatter - some
bricks are stronger than others depending on the sort
of clay used

23. `MANUFACTURING O BRICKS
DEMERITS OF BRICKS

24. 1.Continuing use of clay bricks in construction industry
will lead to extensive loss of fertile top soil. This could
be a devastating environmental hazard.
2.High demand for clay bricks would result in price hike
of clay bricks.

25. 4.Burnt clay bricks are manufactured using old outdated
technology and no quality testing facilities are available at
manufacturing site. Most bricks which are manufactured using
outdated technology are inferior in quality with low
compressive strength. They are not suitable for multi-storey
buildings.
5.Modern Fly ash bricks are manufactured using high end pre-
programmed hydraulic machines. Bricks from these machines
are tested for its quality and durability.

26. MANUFACTURING OF
BRICKS

27. In this step the soil is excavated in steps and then laid on
leveled ground.
2.High demand for clay bricks would result in price hike
of clay bricks.

28. 1. Preparation of brick clay or brick earth
•In this step the soil is excavated in steps and then laid
on leveled ground.
2. Moulding of Bricks
Bricks are moulded in many ways depending on the
quality of the product to be made.
Generally the moulding is done in the following two
ways
•Hand moulding
•Machine moulding

29. •In this step the soil is excavated in steps and then laid
on leveled ground.
2. Moulding of Bricks
Bricks are moulded in many ways depending on the
quality of the product to be made.
Generally the moulding is done in the following two
ways
•Hand moulding
•Machine moulding

30. 3. Drying of Bricks
Drying is usually done by placing the bricks in sheds with
open sides so as to ensure free circulation of air and
protection from bad weather and rains.
The drying period usually varies from 7 to 14days.
4. Burning of the Bricks
It is the very important step in manufacture of bricks.
Bricks may be burnt by two distinct methods given
below.
•clamp burning
•kiln burning