Extrafamilial Sexual Abuse, Misuse, and Exploitation

1. Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect
Tenth Edition
Chapter 8
Extrafamilial Sexual Abuse,
Misuse, and Exploitation
PowerPoint Lecture
Slides prepared by
Piljoo Kang, Ph.D.
Toccoa Falls College
Copyright © 2021, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

2. Copyright © 2021, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Learning Objectives (1 of 2)
After studying this chapter, you should be able to
8.1 identify and explain the factors that increase the
degree of trauma experienced by a child abused
outside of the home.
8.2 explain what is meant by pedophilia and
pederasty.
8.3 discuss the sexual abuse of children by clergy,
why clergy might perpetrate, and the impact that
clergy abuse has on victims.

3. Copyright © 2021, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Learning Objectives (2 of 2)
8.4 discuss sexual abuse in day care settings.
8.5 define child pornography and discuss how it fits into the
category of child sex trafficking; who might use child
pornography and how children become vulnerable.
8.6 describe how children are trafficked into being
prostituted, what changed the focus on these victims, and
how we might recognize the victims and the traffickers.

4. Copyright © 2021, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Dynamics and Characteristics of Sexual
Abuse Outside of the Family
• Factors influencing degree of trauma: duration, strength
of emotional bond, penetration, aggression, child’s
compliance, and his/her awareness of the taboo violation
• Perpetrators access children through emotional
connections with parents; parents trust or need services
of abuser
• Inadequate supervision: parents are unaware of
unsupervised times or preoccupied; child may run away
or alienate parents

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Pedophilia & Pederasty
• Pedophiles seek children as nonconflictual partners to
satisfy their unmet emotional needs
– pressure children (enticements or entrapments) or
intimidate them emotionally or physically
– see selves as ineffective and helpless in other
relationships
– Child rapists are motivated by anger and the need for
power
• Pederasty: adult males seeking young boys for sexual
attraction
– Although illegal, still practiced underground

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Sexual Abuse by Clergy
• Context of clerical perpetrators:
– clergy’s authority and power
– people’ trust offers opportunity to be alone with
children, often in a close/nurturing role
– neglected children may be attracted to ‘mother
church’
• While celibacy does not cause pedophilia, the clergy may
provide refuge for those intimidated by adult
relationships

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Impact on Victims & Addressing
Clergy Abuse
• Survivors may
– lose faith & leave church
– feel angry at parents for “not knowing”
– feel betrayal.
• Increasing awareness prompted denominations to
– require criminal records checks for volunteers
working with children
– include abuse prevention as a part of leader training

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Sexual Abuse in Day Care Settings
• Types
– single offender - single victim
– single offender - multiple victims
– multiple offender - multiple victims
• Reactions and resulting Changes
– parents became more involved in care arrangements
– guidelines for choosing a daycare center: policies
regarding discipline, nap time, bathroom visits, etc.
– some childcare workers are now hesitant to touch
children
– hesitancy in hiring male childcare workers

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Child Pornography
• Pornography
– used to engage children in sexual abuse
– the end product of the abuser’s exploitation
– Internet provides easy access to children: relative
anonymity allows risk-free grooming of a child
– victims are enticed (flattery of posing for pictures)
entrapped (unable to exit or disclosure)
– used as an initiation to lower victims’ inhibitions, then
ushered into child prostitution
• Sexting
– practice of transmitting sexually explicit messages or
images electronically.

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Child Prostitution: Human Trafficking
• Victims are recruited typically from dysfunctional,
homes, with previous history of sexual or physical
abuse, neglect, and/or violence
• Sex rings involve at least one adult and several minors;
enforce children to recruit other victims.
• Range from small local groups to national or
international criminal networks
• Threats of constant violence, STDs, and substance
abuse

11. Copyright © 2021, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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