KAP study

1. MRS. ANURADHA SHEKAR & JAYTI SHAH
DR. BMN COLLEGE OF HOME SCIENCE,
MATUNGA, MUMBAI

2. AIM
The objective of this study was to determine the
changes in knowledge, attitude and practices and
lifestyle modification in orphan girls 10-15 years
after receiving a nutrition education programme for
8 weeks.

3. OBJECTIVES
1) To understand the prevailing Knowledge, Attitude,
Practices regarding nutrition and lifestyle.
2) To analyse nutritional status using 24 hr recall
method.
3) To assess the nutritional status regarding
anthropometric measurements of the girls.
4) To see the effect of the intervention on the
nutritional status and lifestyle pattern.
5) To compare between the pre and post results after
imparting nutrition education.

4. METHODOLOGY
PURPOSIVE
SAMPLING
(N = 150)
Girls 10-15years
PRE TEST QUESTIONNAIRE
WAS GIVEN TO ASSESS
THEIR PRESENT
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE
AND PRACTICE
REGARDING NUTRITION
AND LIFESTYLE
ANTHROPOMETRY
(HT, WT, BMI, WAIST & HIP
CIRCUMFERENCE, WAIST TO
HIP RATIO
NUTRIENT INTAKE
(24 HR RECALL)
subsample of 50
ENERGY, PROT, FAT,
CHO & IRON AND
CALCIUM

5. INTERVENTION
FOR 8 WEEKS
NUTRITION EDUCATION
PROGRAMME
(BALANCED DIET,FOOD
PYRAMID, ANEMIA,
PERSONAL HYGIENE AND
PHYSICALACTIVITY)
POST TEST
QUESTIONNAIRES
WERE GIVEN TO
CHECK THEIR KAP
AFTER NEP
ANALYSIS OF
DATA WAS DONE
USING SPSS
PACKAGE

6. Majority of the subjects were Hindus 97% . Eighty
percent were Maharashtrians. They were from
standard 6th to std 8th. The mean height was 155
cms, weight 46 kgs, BMI 19.2 , waist to hip ratio 0.6,
waist circumference 62 cms and hip circumference 92
cms. In the age group of 10-12 years, 44 out of 74
subjects were normal (BMI=18.5 to 24.9Kg/m2) and
30 subjects were underweight (BMI<18.5Kg/m2). In
the age group of 13-15 it was found that 20 subjects
out of 76 were underweight (BMI<18.5Kg/m2) and 56
subjects were in the normal range. (BMI=18.5 to
24.9Kg/m2)
RESULTS

7. MEAN ENERGY, PROTEIN, CARBOHYDRATES, FAT,
CALCIUM AND IRON INTAKES BEFORE NUTRITION
EDUCATION (N = 150)
N
RDA
Mean Std. Deviation
Energy 50 2010-2330 kcal 1729.80 99.407
Protein 50 40-50 gms 51.57 2.809
Fat 50 35-40 g ms 40.33 3.345
Carbohydrate 50 - 237.25 12.666
Calcium 50 800 mg 654.88 27.842
Iron 50 27 mg 22.32 .887
Dietary intakes for energy, calcium and iron were found to be deficient when
compared to RDA for all the age groups. The protein and fats were found to be
sufficient .The overall nutritional status of the orphans was not found to be bad.

8. TOTAL PRE AND POST TEST SCORES OF THE SUBJECTS REGARDING KNOWLEDGE,
ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE BEFORE AND AFTER NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAMME
(N=150)
Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Pair 1 % Knowledge
Score Pre 36.9333 150 13.35859 1.09072
% Knowledge
Score Post 73.6000 150 11.77416 .96136
Pair 2 % Attitude Score
Pre 51.5000 150 19.20832 1.56835
% Attitude Score
Post 75.0000 150 11.67585 .95333
Pair 3 % Practice Score
Pre 49.5238 150 17.25329 1.40873
% Practice Score
Post 30.6667 150 17.07133 1.39387

9. T test t df Sig. (2-tailed)
Pair 1 % Knowledge Score
Pre - % Knowledge
Score Post
-27.925 149 .000
Pair 2 % Attitude Score Pre
- % Attitude Score
Post
-15.716 149 .000
Pair 3 % Practice Score
Pre - % Practice
Score Post
25.110 149 .000
It can be concluded from the above table that Knowledge and Attitude of
the orphans increased but they did not Practice what they learnt.

10. EFFECT OF BMI AND NUTRIENT INTAKE ON KNOWLEDGE,
ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE SCORE ON THE SUBJECTS (N=150)
% Knowledge Score % Attitude Score % Practice Score
BMI Pearson Correlation
.013 -.034 -.046
Sig. (2-tailed) .879 .678 .574
N 150 150 150
Energy Pearson Correlation
.006 -.214 .067
Sig. (2-tailed) .965 .131 .640
N 50 50 50
Proteins Pearson Correlation
-.079 -.343(*) -.044
Sig. (2-tailed) .580 .014 .760
N 50 50 50
Fats Pearson Correlation
.235 -.024 -.313(*)
Sig. (2-tailed) .096 .868 .025
N 50 50 50

11. % Knowledge Score % Attitude Score % Practice Score
Carbohydrates Pearson Correlation -.057 -.290(*) .008
Sig. (2-tailed) .691 .039 .957
N 50 50 50
Calcium Pearson Correlation .030 -.027 -.112
Sig. (2-tailed) .833 .853 .434
N 50 50 50
Iron Pearson Correlation -.110 -.187 -.143
Sig. (2-tailed) .443 .189 .315
N 50 50 50
The above table depicts that there was no significant association between the
macronutrient intake with % of knowledge, attitude and practice scores of the subjects.
The above table shows that attitude had a negative association with proteins and
carbohydrates which proves that subjects having good attitude towards nutrition
consumed adequate amounts of proteins and carbohydrates. The table also reveals that
practice had a negative association with fats at a significance of - .313. Thus it can be
concluded that subjects showing good practice scores consumed lesser amounts of fats.

12. NEP was given on lifestyle modification which
included topics like personal hygiene, physical
activity and exercise. When interviewed about the
same, the subjects gave a positive response and
showed a major impact.

13. Summary and conclusion
The study can be concluded that the nutritional status of the institutionalized
orphan girls of age group of 10-15 years was not that bad when compared with
different standards. Results indicated that dietary intake was deficient for some
nutrients when compared to RDA for all age groups which may be linked to poor
planning of menus found in the orphanage. It was also found that sometimes
these children were provided with fruits, energy, and protein rich foods. This
might be attributed to a great extent to better health care system prevailing in the
orphanage. Nutrition education programme definitely proved to have improved
their KAP. But practicing them is not in their hands as they are at the mercy of
eating what is provided by the institution. This suggests that the nutritional
status of the orphans, who are considered to be nutritionally at a disadvantage,
can be improved through organized feeding and exposure to better hygienic
condition.

14. Mrs. Anuradha Shekhar
Associate Professor
Head of the Dept.
Food Science and Nutrition
Dr. BMN College Of Home Science,
338, Ra Kidwai Road, Matunga
Mumbai, Maharashtra , INDIA
Contact No:+91-98206 17577
Work : 022 4095792
www.bmncollege.com
e-mail shekaranuradha@yahoo.co.in