railway's all basic facts . helpful for engineers.

1. by-
shashank srivastava
1130435169
INDUSTRIAL
TRAINING
ON
DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE

2. INTRODUCTION
• INTRODUCTION TO RAILWAY
• ENGINE OVERVIEW
• DRIVING MECHANISM
• ABOUT DEISEL GAUGE
• SUPERCHARGER
• EXPRESSOR
• COUPLINGS
• LOCOMOTIVE PARTS
(mechanical and electrical)
PISTON
CONNECTING ROD
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER BED
CNC

3. INTRODUCTION TO RAILWAY
• Railways were first introduced to India in 1853
from Bombay to Thane.
• In 1951 the systems were nationalised as one unit, the
Indian Railways, becoming one of the largest
networks in the world.
• Indian Railways is an Indian state-owned enterprise,
owned and operated by the Government of
India through the Ministry of Railways.

4. ENGINE OVERVIEW

5. DRIVING MECHANISM

6. ABOUT DIESEL SHED
• It is a place where repair and maintenance work of diesel locomotives Is
carried out so as to increases its life and efficiency and to reduce line
failures to a minimum extent.
• Diesel locomotives are classified on the basis of the track Gauge:-
1) Broad Gauge
2) Meter gauge
3) Narrow gauge

7. NOMENCLATURE
The code is of the form [gauge][power][load][series][suffix]
GUAGE- W(BROAD) Y (METRE)
Z (NARROW,2.6’) N (NARROW,2’)
POWER- D = Diesel C = DC traction
A = AC traction CA = Dual-power AC/DC
B = Battery electric (rare)
LOAD- M = Multipurpose P = Passenger
G = Goods S = Shunting
L = Light Duty (Light Passenger) R = Railcar
SERIES- 1 –over 1000 hp less than 2000hp 2-over 2000 less than 3000
3--over 3000hp less than 4000hp 4-over 4000 less than 5000
SUFFIX-A-100HP B-200HP C-300HP D-400HP
WDM3A MEANS “Broad gauge diesel powered multipurpose 3100hp loco”

8. TURBO SUPERCHARGER
• Supercharging is done by the Supercharger. Now the Supercharger can be
powered mechanically by belt, gear and shaft, or chain-drive from the
engine's crankshaft e.g. Compressor.
• It can also be driven by a gas turbine powered by the exhaust gases from
the engine. Turbine-driven Superchargers are correctly referred to as
TurboSuperchargers.

9. ADVANTAGES OF TURBO SUPERCHARGER
• The thermal efficiency, or fraction of the
fuel/air energy that is converted to output
power, is less with a mechanically driven
supercharger than with a turbocharger,
because turbochargers are using energy
from the exhaust gases that would normally
be wasted.
• For this reason, both the economy and the
power of a turbocharged engine are usually
better than with superchargers.
• Mechanically driven Superchargers cannot
supply the air at desired volume, as per
required by the amount of fuel.

10. EXPRESSOR
• Exhauster + comPRESSOR = EXPRESSOR
• Expresser is a reciprocating type system. It has six cylinders, which are
arranged in a ‘W’ type manner i.e., two cylinders are in a vertical position
and four in a V shape.
• It is an air-cooled system with forced feed lubrication. For cooling purpose
a fan is used which is of a forced draught type, mounted on the crankshaft.

11. ADVANTAGES OF EXPRESSOR
• Reduced size and weight for added mobility
• Fiberglass enclosure for scratch resistance and rust proof
• Individual heavy duty air cleaner for both compressor and engine
• Strong and light weight unibody construction.
• Electronic powder - coat paint for unsurpassed durability.

12. COUPLERINGS
Basically there are two types of coupling systems which we
see in Indian Railways they are used to connect bogies with
bogies & also with engine

13. • 1)Screw Couplering:
These couplers are majoriy in number. Presently, 90%of trains
running in India have this configuration. All the blue coach train
are running with these coupling system except the special CBC
rake given for major trains.

14. Center Buffer Coupling (CBC)

15.  Diesel Engine
 Control Stand
 Air Intakes
 Radiator and
Radiator Fan
 Turbo Charging
 Motor Blower
 Fluid Coupling
 Truck Frame
 Air Compressor
 Cab
 Main Alternator
 Auxiliary Alternator
 Rectifiers/Inverters
 Electronic Controls
 Batteries
 Traction Motor
 Fuel Tank
 Air Reservoirs
 Drive Shaft
 Gear Box
 Wheel
 Pinion/Gear

16.  Diesel Engine
It is the prime mover of engine & runs
all components.
 Air Intakes
It sucks and filter the air from
surroundings
 Turbo Charging
Turbo charging is used to increase the
amount of air pushed into each
cylinder. The turbocharger is driven
by exhaust gas from the diesel engine.
 Wheel
These are specially profiled alloy steel
wheels to bear the locomotives load
and run it by phenomenon of friction
 Air Compressor
Its is used to provide a constant
supply of compressed air for the
locomotive and train brakes
 Truck Frame
Truck frame or bogie is a casted frame
carrying the wheels and traction
motors of the locomotive and also
support it`s components.
 Pinion/Gear
The traction motor drives the
axle through a reduction gear
of a range between 3 to 1
(freight) and 4 to 1
(passenger).
 Fuel Tank
To carry its own fuel needed for trip.it
can store a large quantity of fuel
2000-4500 liters.
 Air Reservoirs
Air reservoirs containing compressed
air at high pressure are required for
the train braking and some other
systems on the locomotive.

17. Main Alternator
It provides the power to move the
train. The alternator generates AC
electricity which is used to provide
power for the traction motors
mounted on the trucks (bogies). The
AC output is rectified to give the DC
required for the motors.
Auxiliary Alternator
To provides AC power for lighting,
heating, air conditioning, dining
facilities etc. on the train.
Electronic Controls
It consists of various components of
loco and usually collected in a control
cubicle near the cab for easy access
Batteries
To provide electrical power for lights
and controls when the engine is
switched off and the alternator is not
running.
Traction Motor
They take electricity from the
alternator thru rectifiers and run the
wheels of loco by gear pinion
attachment. There are between four
and six motors on most diesel-electric
locomotives.
Rectifiers/Inverters
To convert Ac to Dc supply or Dc to
Ac supply.

19. Connecting rod

22. CNC IN CHARBAGH

23. by- SHASHANK SRIVASTAVA