2. o BHEL is the largest engineering and manufacturing enterprise
in India in the energy/infrastructure sector today. BHEL was
established more than 40 years ago when its first plant was set up
in Bhopal ushering in the indigenous Heavy Electrical Equipment
industry in India, a dream that has been more than realized with a
well-recognized track record of performance.
INTRODUCTION
o By the end of 5th five-year plan, it was envisaged by the
planning commission that the demand for power transformer
would rise in the coming years. Anticipating the country’s
requirement BHEL decided to set up a new plant.The new plan
BHEL jhansi was setup in 9th january 1974.
4. Locomotive
A locomotive or engine is a railway vehicle that provides
the motive power for a train. The word originates from
the Latin loco – "from a place", ablative of locus, "place"
+ Medieval Latin motivus, "causing motion", and is a
shortened form of the term locomotive engine.
The first successful locomotives were built
by Cornish inventor Richard Trevithick in 1804.
5. Diesel Locomotive
A diesel locomotive is a type of railway locomotive in
which the prime mover is a diesel engine.
Several types of diesel locomotive have been developed,
differing mainly in the means by which mechanical power
is conveyed to the driving wheels (drivers).
8. Diesel Engine
This is the main power source for the locomotive.
A diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition
engine) is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat
of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel that has
been injected into the combustion chamber.
It comprises a large cylinder block, with the cylinders
arranged in a straight line or in a V.
10. Main Alternator
The diesel engine drives the main alternator which
provides the power to move the train.
The alternator generates AC electricity which is used to
provide power for the traction motors mounted on the
trucks (bogies).
In older locomotives, the alternator was a DC machine,
called a generator. .
11. Auxiliary Alternator
Locomotives used to operate passenger trains are
equipped with an auxiliary alternator.
This provides AC power for lighting, heating, air
conditioning, dining facilities etc. on the train.
The output is transmitted along the train through an
auxiliary power line.
12. Motor Blower
The diesel engine also drives a motor blower.
As its name suggests, the motor blower provides air which
is blown over the traction motors to keep them cool during
periods of heavy work.
The blower is mounted inside the locomotive body but
the motors are on the trucks, so the blower output is
connected to each of the motors through flexible ducting.
The blower output also cools the alternators.
13. Traction Motor
Since the diesel-electric locomotive uses electric
transmission, traction motors are provided on the axles to
give the final drive.
These motors were traditionally DC but the development
of modern power and control electronics has led to the
introduction of 3-phase AC motors.
Pinion/Gear
• The traction motor drives the axle through a reduction
gear of a range between 3 to 1 (freight) and 4 to 1
(passenger).
14. Fuel Tank
A diesel locomotive has to carry its own fuel around with
it.
The fuel tank is normally under the loco frame and This
huge tank in the underbelly of the locomotive holds 2,200
gallons (8,328 L) of diesel fuel.
Sand Box
• Locomotives always carry sand to assist adhesion in bad
rail conditions.
• Sand is not often provided on multiple unit trains because
the adhesion requirements are lower and there are
normally more driven axles.
15. Air Reservoirs
Air reservoirs containing compressed air at high pressure
are required for the train braking and some other systems
on the locomotive.
These are often mounted next to the fuel tank under the
floor of the locomotive.
Air Compressor
• The air compressor is required to provide a constant
supply of compressed air for the locomotive and train
brakes.
16. Radiator and Radiator Fan
The radiator works the same way as in an automobile.
Water is distributed around the engine block to keep the
temperature within the most efficient range for the
engine.
The water is cooled by passing it through a radiator blown
by a fan driven by the diesel engine.
17. Turbo Charging
The amount of power obtained from a cylinder in a diesel
engine depends on how much fuel can be burnt in it.
The amount of fuel which can be burnt depends on the
amount of air available in the cylinder. So, if you can get
more air into the cylinder, more fuel will be burnt and you
will get more power out of your ignition.
Turbo charging is used to increase the amount of air
pushed into each cylinder.
Turbocharging gives a 50% increase in engine power.
23. Auxiliary Horse Power Requirement:-
Auxiliary Generator Maximum : 17HP
Exciter Maximum : 12HP
Traction Motor : 400HP
Blower at full speed : 62HP
Radiator Fan : 80HP
Expresser Unloaded at 1000 rpm : 13 HP
27. Bogie Shop
The locomotive bogies are rebuilt with new wheel sets, suspension bearings
and remanufactured traction motors. Separate shop has been set up for
machining of wheel sets and assembly of locomotive bogies.
29. Asquith CNC Machine
Computer Numeric Control machines is a closed loop machine.
As the name depicts these machines use computer for their
operation.
Computer Numeric Control machines are controlled by a set of
different ISO codes that helps in proper controlling of the
machine.
In modern CNC systems, end-to-end component design is
highly automated using CAD/CAM programs.
31. In this machine all the operation which is essential for
bogi is performes. Mainly these operation are following-
Cutting
Milling
Finishing
Drilling
Fillit
Grinding
32. Radial Arm Drilling Machine
In radial arm drilling machine there is a one column on
which radial arm is fixed.
Radial arm are horizontal arm this is movable around the
column. This is main advantage of this machine.
In drilling machine different type drill can be fixed. But
twist drills are very common in use. Holes of different
diameter can be done by using drills of different diameter.
34. Axle Turning Machine
Axle turning machine is also called lathe machine.
In this machine material is removed by the single point
cutting tool. Turning of axle, grinding of axle operation
are performed on this machine.
35. Result And Conclusion
The BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS is the most widely used transport
system in India. The production of the parts and units of rails forms an
important and integral part of the proper functioning of the railway system
in India.
Its World's largest manufacturer of ALCO diesel loco spares such as Gears,
Cams, Con rods, Pins, Carbon Brushes etc.
DCW manufactures large components such as traction motors and
locomotive power packs, rebuilds engine blocks, traction generators, etc.
