The International Civil Aviation Organization

The International Civil Aviation Organization
The International Civil Aviation Organization
Origin, Objectives and Achievements
Introduction:
Civil aviation is a powerful force for progress in our modern global society. It creates and supports millions of jobs worldwide. It forms part of the
economic lifeline of many countries. It is a catalyst for travel and tourism, the world's largest industry. Beyond economics, air transport enriches the
social and cultural fabric of society and contributes to the attainment of peace and prosperity throughout the world. Therefore, providing a cohesive,
global form of organization for such activities is essential in ensuring their quality, stability and effectiveness.
The International Civil Aviation Organization:
I– Definition:
The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To secure international co–operation and a highest possible degree of uniformity in regulations and standards, procedures and organization regarding
civil aviation matters.
2.To ensure the safety and orderly development of all aspects of international civil aeronautics.
3.To provide a forum whereby requirements and procedures in need of standardization may be introduced, studied and resolved.
Strategic Objectives for 2005–210:
1.Enhance global civil aviation Safety
2.Enhance global aviation security
3.Minimize the adverse effect of global civil aviation on the environment
4.Enhance the efficiency of aviation operations
5.Maintain the continuity of aviation operations
6.Strengthen law governing international civil aviation
IV– Achievements:

The efforts of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) have contributed to making air travel the safest mode of transportation, with the
continuous strong growth of airline traffic. In 1947, when nine million traveled, 590 were killed in aircraft accidents; in 1993 the number of deaths
was 936 out of the 1.2 billion airline passengers.
Case Study: Lebanon
Previous Lebanese Prime Minister visits ICAO Headquarters in Canada
In 1997, ex–Prime Minister Rafiq Hariri visited ICAO Headquarters while on an official visit to Canada. He met with senior officials of the
organization following a tour of the new headquarters and conference centre.
This visit, which
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Lebanon Daily Language Analysis
As an avid football fan, I enjoy watching the super bowl which is a favorite pastime of millions of Americans. The super bowl is an important piece
of culture for our society. Something just as good as the super bowl is the 30–second commercial that costs about 4 million dollars to air. The super
bowl is one of the biggest platforms for companies to advertise their product and ideas and that is just what Coca–cola did with their very entertaining
and controversial commercial in 2014. Coca–Cola celebrates multiculturalism in their commercial. The Lebanon Daily News defended Coca–Cola an
iconic American brand for its stance to air a super bowl commercial where 'America the Beautiful' sung in 8 different languages. The Lebanon Daily
News is addressing... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This appeals to emotion by promoting diversity throughout the country and that person of different nationalities can feel patriotic. This is a value that
the audience can relate too if they are Americans. The author this in a way to promote that there is diversity in America and many people can relate to.
The rhetorical analysis the author uses predominately throughout the article by exploring how they feel about the commercial. This strategy creates
why the author's argument is even

Conventional Long Form : Lebanese Republic
Country Name: Conventional long form: Lebanese Republic Conventional short form: Lebanon Local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Lubnaniyah Local
short form: Lubnan (The World Factbook, 2016)
Capital: Beirut (Wikepedia, 2016)
Currency: Lebanese Pound (Oanda, 2016)
Population: 6,184,701 (2015 est.) (World Factbook–Lebanon, 2015)
Profile of
Lebanon, officially known as the Lebanese Republic, is a sovereign state in western Asia and is
the smallest recognized country on the Asian continent. The countries location, at the
crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland, has helped to create its rich
history as well as its cultural and religious diversity. Arabic is the official national language.
Literature, art, and music are a major part of the Lebanese culture. The country also
celebrates both Christian and Muslim holidays. Family and business are also a very important
part of the Lebanese lifestyle (Wikipedia, 2016).
Lebanese Society and Culture

Family Values
Family life is very important in the Lebanese culture. Families operate under the values of
collectivism, which emphasizes the importance of groups, in Lebanese society. Each member
function in directly related to their individual status and identity. Household size ranges from 4
to 5 members. The importance of family life is evident in all aspects of the culture including
political, financial, and even personal relationships . Family status

How 1989 Changed The World
1989 is a remarkable year for the history of the world. The year taught many lessons and changed the way our society functions. It has shaped the
way we live our life and the information we learn. The year 1989 was filled with many major events, style specific to that year, and a great deal of
politics. There were many sports events that occurred in the year 1989 that help pave the way for our sports today. Within this year, many major
deals were signed and racial barriers were destroyed. Although the more money in the industry caused many problems. Baseball is one of the most
popular sports in America, due to the numerous deals it signed in 1989. For example "in 1989, baseball signed a deal with CBS for $1.1 billion, and
another with ESPN... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These blockades later became the infamous "Berlin Wall". The wall was infamous because it "stood as a grim symbol of totalitarian socialism"
("Berlin Wall" 2). "The soviets tried to control all of berlin by blockading the roads."("Berlin Wall 2). After the building of the wall the Westerners
responded with the Berlin Airlift. The Airlift was was series of helicopter flights that supplied the country with food and supplies. The Airlift not
only helped them in their food situation but also caused success for the economy in western Germany. The wall was later destroyed after the
Eastern Cabinet resigned. On "November 7... hundreds of thousands of Berliners took to the streets, breaching the wall in frenzied celebration."
("Berlin Wall" 3). This was a momentous day as the effect of the wall was essentially imprisonment for the people on the eastern side. The wall was
armed with guards that were instructed to kill anyone who attempted to escape. The destruction of the wall was significant because it displayed how
things can be accomplished without violence. Then 21 days later "West Germany outlined a proposal calling for the reunification of the nation"
("Berlin Wall" 3). All in one year the wall that stood as a sign of separation was destroyed and the two sides were

The Conflict Between The Between Civilizational Blocks,...
Huntington predicted that future clashes will occur between civilizational blocks, Muslim and Christians or Muslin and Hindu for example. However,
the Lebanese and Bangladeshi cases show that clashes occur between civilizations as shown above, but also within civilizational blocks – or even
within religious groups –. Before going further into Lebanon's and Bangladesh's history, a brief review of Islam must be done. Muslims are split into
two mains branches: Sunnis and Shia. The origin of this division was a dispute right after the death of the Islam's founder, Prophet Muhammad, in
932. The subject of the dispute is "Who should lead the Muslim community?". In the whole world there is a broad majority of Sunnis, who represents
between 80 to 90% of Muslims and Shia Muslims are representing only 10% of the Muslim population. Shia Muslims and Sunnits Muslims share many
fundamental practices and beliefs, these two religions have co–exists for many centuries. However, some ritual, theology or religious organisation
triggers to sporadic fights. During many century Sunni Muslims were marginalized, but in 80's, we saw their emergence, in Lebanon with creation of
Hezbollah and in Irak after Sadam Hussein's fall. Lebanon is composed by approximatively 50% of Muslims: 20% Shia and 25% of Sunnites. This
country's current tensions are not opposing Christians to Muslims, as Huntington would have predicted, but rather inside of the Muslim civilization
opposing Sunni Muslims to Shia

Historical Interview Essay
I interviewed my Mom's friend, Sarah about her three most memorable historical event in her lifetime. Sarah always loved history and it was her
favorite subject in school. She wanted to be a history teacher, but for personal reasons she couldn't. Now she makes up to it by teaching her children
about what she knows about history. Her stories are really interesting, I always look forward to hear them. I knew she would be the perfect person to
interview and when I asked her about my history assignment she was more than happy to help. She thought it was a great idea because history can
teach us many important values.
The first event Sarah talked to me about was a true unfortunate event she always heard about growing up. She knows it happened in Janub, Lebanon
but doesn't remember exactly when. An earthquake happened there that destroyed all of the old buildings which were an important part of Lebanon's
history. Even though the old buildings being gone did make her sad, what saddened her the most were the lives of so many families that were lost.
She always hated that part of history where so many people unluckily died. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This happened during the Lebanese war in 1982 when Sarah was eighteen at that time. Her whole family had to take cover in the house's hallway
where there were no windows to stay safe. Everyone was beyond scared and they had to stick close to each other because the hall seemed so small
to so many people trying to survive. All the kids were crying and the parents were trying to comfort them when suddenly a bomb was dropped next to
their neighbors house. They all wanted to help but couldn't until it was calm again. When they went to check on their neighbors believing they were
dead, they found them alive but injured. She couldn't explain how happy she was at that time. I'm so proud of her that she is still able to smile today
after everything she went

The Conflict Between Syria And Lebanon
Syria and Lebanon are two dramatically different states with a deeply intertwined history. They were both born out of French interventionism following
World War 1, and have experienced complex and strained relations ever since. The two nations have both experienced prodigious political turmoil since
gaining their independence, with both suffering from civil wars and conflict with their mutual neighbor, Israel. The war and turmoil that has plagued
these two countries can be traced back to various competing national interests, as well as a struggle for regional power. The various religious groups in
the area have historically formed transnational advocacy networks with the intent of influencing regional politics. These groups have proved to of been
a major factor in the history of both nations.
With the end of World War One and the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the allied powers in Europe were left in control of the Ottoman territory in the
Middle East. The nation of France was left in control of the area now known as Syria and Lebanon. The French Mandate of Syria and Lebanon, which
was formalized in 1922, officially made France responsible for creating the two states and preparing them for self–governance (Kjeilen). By 1943 both
nations had achieved their independence from France, and they agreed to a tentative mutual security agreement. However relations between the two
nations remained strained. While the governments of both nations were unified in their opposition to

Nationalism In Israel
In the passage of canonic book, Torah and the rest of the Bible it is clearly explain that Israel is the promised land by the Supreme being where the
Jewish fated. For all over the time before the Zionist movement raise, Jews everywhere keeping their eyes remain fixed to the Jerusalem (Rubin, n.d.).
The spirit of nationalism developed in Europe during late nineteen–century. These spirits influence the Jews returning to Israel and build a state nation
through the human organization and action. Through ups and down Jewish was succeed bring Israel to be a state nation. I am agreeing with the
consciousness of nationalism spirit of Jewish, without this spirit Israel would not be Israel that we can see today. However, bringing one country to
independence was not that easy. Israel facing a lot of controversy during their independence and was attacked by the neighborhood country after they
announce their independence in Tel Aviv, 1948 (Rubin, n.d.).
According to Rabinovich & Reinharz in Israel in the Middle East book, 1948 is the year where Arab and Israeli first war begin. During that time,
Israel was busy building their pre–country administration, creating state institution and settling the immigrants come all over the Europe and the
Islamic world. When Israel was busy stabilizing their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The war between Israel and Lebanon ended up with the Lebanon agreement. Despite this, as cited in Israel in the Middle East book, there are three
foreign issues where Israel resolves. First, Israel and Lebanon war were replacing by the shille community suicide bombing. Second, Lebanon war
succeeds beating Yasir Arafat and PLO. Third, Iran–Iraq war ended up with Iraq victory. Sadam Hussein who is Iraq president use military to create a
border, occupies Kuwait, and threatens Saudi Arabia. Because of Sadam Hussein military aggression, Persian Gulf War happened in

The Lebanon And Israel War
Title: The Lebanon and Israel war, 1982 Marry Kaldor marked a difference between old and new wars in her book. She uses logical reasoning to
tell her readers that new wars are quite different from the old ones. She has given an idea about the new war trends as to how the wars now occur
and how the countries fight them. She is of the view that these wars are totally different from each other in all respects. Let us here look into the
differences that she has marked for us to make us know that the differences are sharp and true. Why wars happen? Marry Kaldor has established in
her book that both the old and new wars differ in their ends. The old wars were either fought for the land or for ideology but the new wars are
actually fought for the identity. They are fought for the religious, tribal or ethnic identity. Actors of The Wars: Actors are the individuals, parties or
the states that take active part in some war. They are the players that cause the war. The new wars are totally different from the old ones because of
their actors. Now the wars are not fought just by the state 's armed forces rather the non state actors, private security contractors or Jihadi are also
involved in the present day wars. Level Of Destruction: In the past, for the lack of advancement and technology the wars were fought on the smaller
scales. The damage that was incurred by the States used to be small as there was no involvement of massive and destructive weapons. Wars usually
used to be

The Long Historical Journey Of Lebanon 's Shia Community
Dr. Haytham Mouzahem a Middle Eastern writer describes the long historical journey of Lebanon 's Shia community. The Lebanese Shia 's attained
global identity in the 1980s, 5 years after Hezbollah was founded in 1975, with military operations carried out opposing the Israeli occupation in
Lebanon, and the beginning of Hezbollah 's relationship with Syria and the Islamic republic of Iran ever since. According to some historians and Shia
scholars in Lebanon and the west, the actual occultation of 'Shi 'ism ' in Lebanon was incorporated by 'Abu–Dhar Al Ghaffari ', a companion of Prophet
Muhammad and also the fifth person to accept the religion of Islam. Abu–Dhar moved to 'Jabal Amel ' in the south of Lebanon where he began
spreading the religion of Shia Islam where he later died in 652 AD; and that is why the greater Shia population resides in the southern region of the
country .
Additionally, other historians state that the Shia tribe from Hamadan migrating into Syria and Lebanon increased the Shia population in the country
during the time of the Umayyads reign, again creating Southern Lebanon a important region for the Shia 's, later spreading into the North. During the
time of the Crusades 85% of Lebanon consisted of Shia Muslims until Ibn Taymiyyah, a powerful extremist clergy issued a fatwa to kill the Shia 's,
after which many died, fled the cities, converted to the religion of Sunni Islam or Christianity and adopted 'Taqiyyah ', a practice that meant hiding the

Rafic Hariri's Legacy
Rafic Hariri has bestowed upon Lebanon a legacy that will never deteriorate and has been chiseled into its history. His vision, focus, and
determination are still embedded in the hearts of all of Lebanon's citizens. He was a symbol of peace and unity for the country in a time where war
was a common occurrence. Hariri was a man who believed that people should "throw away the gun and take up the pen." He brought out Lebanon's true
colors and set an example for the Middle East to follow. Hariri was a billionaire with a heart worth more than his money. Rather than use his money
for personal gains, he always lent a helping hand to those who sought it. He funded millions of scholarships and projects to assist those in need of
financial help. If you ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Growing up in a family of nine, my father's childhood was rough. Money was always scarce and all his family was one another. That was until his
dad died in a fatal car accident. My father, being the oldest, started working to provide money for the family. There were weeks when he would exert
himself for 80 hours just to make ends–meet. Despite my father's harsh workload, he pushed himself to excel in school. He managed to maintain his
straight 'A' record, but college was an expense that would put him into crushing debt. My dad needed somebody who believed in him, somebody who
saw him as a strong–willed, rising star that would stop at nothing to prevent him from success. Hariri saw himself in my father. He knew that the
only thing holding him back from becoming successful was his financial status. Hariri ended up funding my father a full ride scholarship to the
University of Massachusetts, where he completed his four year degree in Engineering. After graduating and gaining work experience, my father was
able to land his dream career at Johnson Controls. Rafic Hariri's generosity towards my dad is priceless. I'll always be grateful for how Rafic Hariri has
impacted my father's life for the

Hezbollah: Relationship Between Lebanon And Israel
The terrorist organization Hezbollah has a short history but the relationship between Lebanon and Israel has been unstable and destructive since their
inception in 1982. From the time of their existence, Hezbollah's focus has been to eliminate Israel and drive out western imperialism in Lebanon. They
have been involved with two wars with Israel and countless acts of violence and terror against other nations. In addition, they do not recognize Israel as
a legitimate state. The Council on Foreign Relations states, "Hezbollah emerged during Lebanon's fifteen–year–long civil war (1975–1990) in the
aftermath of Israel's invasion in 1982 and subsequent occupation". Once Hezbollah was established, the Iranian Revolutionary Guard provided financial
and political aid, sanctuary, training, and thousands of soldiers to assist with Hezbollah's main objective – "to establish an Islamic government across
the Arab world that will liberate Jerusalem and the entire area of the present–day State of Israel." Hezbollah also wanted to adopt the ideologies of the
Iranian Revolution, which is a combination of nationalism, political populism, and Shia Islamic religious radicalism. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For example, in 1983, to show allegiance to Iran, Hezbollah coordinated two suicide attacks on the U.S. Embassy and Marine barracks in Beirut. Seven
months after U.S. troops withdrew from Lebanon, another attack occurred in Beirut at an U.S. Embassy annex. Because of these deadly attacks and the
continued anti–Israel strikes, they were able to gain momentum and support from Iran and Syria, and they became a dominating militia force, especially
against a large army such as

Rodogno's Fourth Chapter Summary
Rodogno's fourth chapter is focused on Lebanon and Syria intervention, he starts off by giving the audience context on Lebanon and Syria. What I
found to be very important and evident through the three chapters assigned this week is the idea of public opinion and media. This whole idea of
media and public opinion is important to the history because some outlets misinformed citizens, while others attempted to paint the whole image of the
massacres that took place in Lebanon and Syria. Media is a great source into gaining and losing supporters of a cause. As an example, Napoleon
"published and censored news at his convenience...the biased information contributed to arouse genuine feelings of French public opinion on behalf of
the innocent Christian populations allegedly slaughtered by the Druze" during the Lebanon massacre (94). In addition to media, "many images and
perceptions of Syria and Lebanon had circulated in Europe" (95), painting the idea of the "Gentle Crusaders", whom are the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
British media outlets had a focus that was connected with the Cretan Question. Some outlets were in support of the "union of Crete and Greece and
contributed to a revival of the old Philhellene spirit" (225). While majority of the other sources of media were "narrated epics of the Cretan Christians
against the Ottomans throughout centuries, some of them contrasting the "Cretan massacres" with those of 1860 in Lebanon and Syria" (225). Once
again, it is back to the idea of Cretan Christians as civilized, while Muslims are barbarians that destroy everything. It's these biased outlets that creates
an idea/image on a group of individuals and based on those biased information, it creates a collective unit that hates/fears a specific group, which is a
major issue. Even in modern society, citizens are introduced to many misconceptions which shape their idea towards a certain

The Declaration Of An Arab Identity Of A United Lebanon
Introduction
The Taif agreement tried to abolish sectarianism and declare an Arab identity of a united Lebanon; however, in practice it perpetuated sectarianism
through confessionalism and restructuring the National Pact political system in Lebanon. It also failed to provide a concrete Arab identity or unified
Lebanon in practice, instead sectarian identities prevailed.
The situation before the agreement
The Ta'if accords modify the "rules of the game" of prewar Lebanon but they do not change their basic character; they might even be making them
worse.
Body 1: The Taif agreement perpetuated sectarianism through...
The Taif Agreement was the document that provided the basis for the ending of the civil war and the return to political the so called "normalcy" in
Lebanon. It constituted a compromise among the Lebanese political parties and groups. The agreement defined the nation 's political system as a
parliamentary democracy, based on the principles of separation, balance, and cooperation among the various branches of government. Most importantly
it confirmed the unity of Lebanon and stated that the abolition of political sectarianism constitutes a basic national goal to be achieved according to a
gradual scheme. However, this national goal has never been achieved. The Taif agreement both re–codified sectarianism and worked as a catalyst for it
in practice. Sectarianism was mainly re–codified because the agreement implicitly ratified the National Pact of 1943 and

Hezbollah: The Iranian Civil War
Hezbollah is a Shiit Islamic political and paramilitary organization based in Lebanon. This organization is a political and military force. According to
The Council on Foreign Relations, "Hezbollah (or "Party of God") emerged during Lebanon's fifteen–year–long civil war (1975–1990) in the aftermath
of Israel's invasion in 1982 and subsequent occupation" (Masters, 2014). Hezbollah is fighting against Israel and "western imperialism" in Lebanon.
This means that they wanted dominance over Israel. Hezbollah's origins and ideology form from the Iranian Revolution. "The revolution called for a
religious Muslim government that would represent the oppressed and downtrodden" states (Hezbollah: History & Overview). One of the reasons why
Hezbollah is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hezbollah receives financial aid, training, weapons, and explosives from Iran. Iran also helps with organizational aid. "According to Iran's official
budget, Iran gave $500 million in support of radical Islamic organizations around the world in the 1990s. Of that money, Hezbollah was reported to
receive at least $250 million" (TRAC). Without this money from Iran, carrying out attacks cannot be accomplished.
Hezbollah also finances its terrorism using drug trafficking. This operation is how Hezbollah truly remains a huge threat. Hezbollah primarily earns
its profits through illegal drug sales in Latin America. A interesting case about Hezbollah's drug trafficking came in 2011 when the U.S. government
seized drug profits linked to Ayman Joumaa, who was linked to Hezbollah. His network was earning as much as $200 million per month! This money
goes toward resources such as training and weapons for

The past 60 years in the Middle East have been compiled of...
The past 60 years in the Middle East have been compiled of political, territorial and religious turmoil. Despite the numerous wars and conflicts found
throughout the history of this region, problems within the last half–century followed the 1967 War. The consequences that followed not only
succeeded into further conflicts, but also established an underlying future for the region. Whether it determined alliances, enemies or configuration, the
1967 War laid out the preliminary foundation for its regions future. The 1967 War undoubtedly implemented consequences, and these are what ignited
the Lebanese Civil War. The flow of Palestinian refugees Beirut,Lebanon started following the 1948 war in Palestine. The aftermath of this war created
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This resulted in four religious factions of power amongst the people in Lebanon, the Phalangist Party (mostly Maronites), the Druze, the Shi'i (Amal
and Hezbollah) and the Sunni (Arab Army of Lebanon). For this reason, the country of Lebanon was in the midst of a civil war.
With war on the arise and the Lebanese army incapable of bearing arms against fellow Muslims, the Phalangist militia sparked the Civil war with an
attack on Palestinian camps in Beirut. The Palestinian regime retaliated and gained additional forces that drove the Phalangist militia to East Beirut and
the North side of the Mount Lebanon. Victory was in Palestinian reach until Franjiyeh plead for a cease–fire from Syria, which was later granted in
1976. The Syrian intervention did not just stop the war, it more importantly, prevented Palestinian escape from Syrian influence, and possible conflict
with Israel. This period of peace would not last.
Bashir Gemayel reconsolidated Maronite forces and controlled the Lebanon Front from 1977–1982. Bashir also formed an important allegiance with
Israel in 1980. It was enviable that Israel would invade Lebanon, however, it was not until 1982 following countless Palestinian acts of terrorism. With
the Israeli invasion came bombardments killing thousands, both soldiers and civilians. Furthermore, Bashir Gemayel, Israeli ally, was elected as
Lebanese president. However, his presidency would

The Relations Between Syria And Lebanon
The post 9/11 world has bought about huge changes throughout the Middle East and many countries are experiencing challenges unprecedented since
the end of the Second World War. United States foreign policy, the rise of Islamic fundamentalism, and the geopolitical struggle between Iran and Saudi
Arabia throughout the Middle East has made the region politically unstable and ripe with conflict and human suffering. This dire situation is a great
example of how interconnected the relationships of Middle Eastern countries are and how these relations often disseminate out and affect the region as
a whole. As such, an analysis of the bilateral relations between two Middle Eastern countries allows us to partly understand how, when given historical
context, this situation came to be and what factors influence these relationships.
The bilateral relationship between Syria and Lebanon provides a great and unique analysis of the factors that influence relationships between Middle
Eastern states because of their shared but complicated history. Both these countries used to be one in the same up until the early twentieth century and
their relations have gone through various evolutionary stages that have had a greater political impact on the region altogether. In this paper I will
examine the relationship between Syria and Lebanon and seek to explain the key factors that influence this relationship.
The current relationship between Syria and Lebanon has largely been defined by the civil war

Small Community Research Paper
I believe that people who live in small communities are too close minded when it comes to people of other cultures. I base this belief on personal
experiences and observations. The world is full of different kinds of people, and understanding and respecting each other is important for our
society to be peaceful. People don't always have to agree on things, but they need to understand other people's thoughts and motives for their way of
life. So as not to take them the wrong way and cause disagreement. Interaction with other cultures and people promotes understanding and tolerance,
however people who live in small, closed communities do not often have this opportunity. My uncle from Sweden grew up during the 70's and 80's
when Lebanon was an area in conflict; indeed, it was a place filled with shacks and Muslim terrorists. My uncle, who has always lived in a small
community with a very homogenous population, told us when we moved here, that he will never come to visit us in Lebanon because this is still how
he thinks of it. His mind is not open to the change this country has gone through.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the show Homeland during the first season, there is a scene that is supposed to be taking place in Lebanon on Hamra street (which is a five minute
walk from my house). One of the characters in the show is being chased by terrorists through Hamra street, represented as a small, narrow dirt road
with shacks lining the sides. Women in burqas and men in jellabiyas (traditional Muslim clothing) crowd the streets. When I meet people back in my
grandparents' small hometown in Indiana, this is how they seem to think of

Essay About Dominican Republic
I.Introduction a) Story/ Personal Experience: When I was around 14 years old my uncle went to to visit Dominican Republic with his Lebanese
girlfriend, who was visiting the country for the first time. When they arrived to my house, I was eating something Dominicans call "kipes", which
is a fried wheat ball with meat inside. When she saw me eating she got closed to me and said "so you like Lebanese food," and I laughed and said
"this is Dominican, and that we have been eating this since forever." Then she insisted that what I was eating was called Kibbeh and that Dominicans
probably created their own version of this supposedly Lebanese dish. So after arguing wit her and telling her that all Dominican dishes are influenced
by African or Spanish cuisine, she insisted that the Kibbeh has been part of Lebanon even before Dominican Republic was discovered. a) Overview of
the Topic: To understand how and why Arabic immigrants arrived to the Dominican Republic, we must analyze Dominican and the history of the
Ottoman empire during the 19th century. There were two main waves of immigration of what today is known as Lebanon and Syria, which at that time
was the Ottoman empire.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though they started other methods to transport their products, this wasn't effective enough, so the majority of merchants in this area decided to
look for job opportunities overseas. All the ones that arrived to Dominican Republic dedicated to the manufactory and sale of products and organized a
club called "The Syrian Lebanese Palestinian Club" in an effort to keep their identity and costumes strong from Dominican

The Effect Of The Great War On The Middle East
The Sykes–Picot Agreement, or more commonly known as the Asia Minor Agreement, is one of the most pivotal events in the history of the Middle
East that would alter the very structure of the region. It continues to negatively impact the countries that were involved due to the decisions made when
it was signed and immediately after. The main purpose of the agreement was the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire after it was defeated in World
War One . The Middle East region did offer many advantages to the Western powers for economic benefits, trading routes and commerce . The Great
War was a major turning point for many regions across the European theatre but especially in the Middle East, the war signalled the end of the Ottoman
Empire, a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The French representative was Francois–Georges Picot, a professional diplomat with extensive experience in the Middle Eastern region. The Middle
East offered a vast number of opportunities to the Western countries in particular Britain's interest in the provinces was focused on the protection of
its routes to India. Securing cheap accessible oil for the British Empire's needs and maintaining the balance of power in the Mediterranean to its own
advantage and protecting financial issues were also their interests in the region. France aimed to preserved its centuries old ties with the Syrian
Catholics, gain a strategic and economic base in the eastern Mediterranean, guarantee a cheap supply flow of cotton and silk and prevent Arab
nationalism from infecting the French north African empire . All of these goals from both the British and the French were never going to be
successful. With the help of Imperial Russia, the Western representatives divided up the region into specific French and British administrated areas
referring as zones and areas.
From 1920 onwards, the British and the French formalised the control these territories by the League of Nations Mandate system, and France was
assigned the Mandate of Syria which gave control over modern Lebanon and the port of Alexandretta .The 'Blue Zone' was the area expanding from
the coastal strip of Syria, Lebanon and the

Taking a Look at Syria
Syria which formerly was called Al Sham or Levant is located in Western Asia. This country has borders with Turkey to the north Iraq to the east
Jordan to the south Israel to the south east and Lebanon and Mediterranean Sea to the west. Before 1516 Syria was part of Mamluk Empire centered in
Egypt. In 1516 the Ottoman Sultan, Selim, conquered Syria, after defeating the Mamluk near Aleppo in Northern Syria. After sometimes he changed
the whole Syria into one Eyalat named Sam (Syria). During the course of history the number of Eyalats was growing and in 1877. It had six
provinces which were Aleppo Vilayet, Sanjak of Zor, Beirut Vilayet, Damascus vilaytat, Mutasarrifate of Mount Lebanon and Mutasarrifate of
Jerusalem. Now the modern Syria which was established after First World War has fourteen governorates or Muhafazat. Each of the governorates is
divided into sixty districts or Mantiqa, which are further divided into sub districts (Nahiya). Every Nahiya encompasses villages which are considered
the smallest administrative unite. Each governorate is governed by a governor and is appointed by the ministry of interior and must gain the approval
of the cabinet. The capital of the Syria is Damascus, which is located in the south of Syria.
Syria is a diverse country and is consisted of different ethnic groups including Sunni 75% , Kurds 10 to 15% , Alawites (a shia sect) 8 to 15%,
Christians 10%, Ismailis, (branch of the shia sect) comprise a small percentage of the population

Israel 's Invasion Of Lebanon
Israel's 1982 invasion into Lebanon brought down the phase of Lebanon's political history, which started with the 75–56 war. The civil war made a
mark of trends that has been rising since 1958.
The civil war of 1975–96 had the Lebanese front against the Lebanese's national movement, which were a reformist coalition and the Palestinian allies.
The heart of the issue in this war was the change in political circumstances in Lebanon. The political aspect and the economy were run by French
mandates. The government split each section's part of Lebanese seats and service positions. A Maronite Christian would hold the presidency seat. A
Sunni Muslim would hold the premiership and a Shi'a Muslim would hold the speakership. By diving the positions up to the power families it gives
deep roots to Lebanon's religious groups. The agreement to share the power was formally called the National Pact in 1943. These transformations
disputed the dynamics of power between the older ruling families and undercut the authority of the state. An uprising in Sunni Muslim social forces
brought an increased labor movement and a deprived Shi'a peasantry, which stood up against the ruling families.
The Lebanese national movement constituted the new social forces. The goals of this group were expressed in 1975 to diminish the political
monopoly, to destroy the government sections, and to change the Lebanese state into a democratic one. This program showed the desires of the non
Maronite Christian and

Portrayal Of The Middle East
that I could make love to whenever I wished." The point of this criticism is not to say that men like that do not exist in the Middle East, but that when
so many male characters are portrayed in such a way it fails to contribute anything greater to the study of the Middle East where parts of its history has
already been tainted by Orientalists and revisionists. Since Al–Shaykh has already boldly challenged female stereotypes in her novel it would possibly
bode well if you managed to contest some of the male stereotypes as well in an effort to break the mold that the Middle East has been casted in. The
second vantage point through which Al–Shaykh shows the Lebanese Civil War through is that of a political exile as shown by Uncle Hashem. Since
Hashem participated in a failed coup d'Г©tat of the government he has been exiled to an African country and forbidden from returning. Hashem's
role as an exile helps the reader understand how important love of country is to people in the Middle East who have been exiled or have fled as
refugees. Given Hashem's exile status he needed to find a way to sublimate his profound feelings of love and nostalgia for Lebanon and found his
gateway in Zahra. Since Zahra was born and raised in Lebanon, she was for Hashem a living memory of everything he had left behind. For Hashem
Zahra was not just a symbol of Lebanon, she was Lebanon. This almost uncontrollable love of Lebanon is what partially forced Hashem to become so
physically attached to

Political, Social And Economic Conditions Of Lebanon Essay
Country Analysis
In this country analysis report, the current political, social and economic conditions of Lebanon have been shaped by historical events that will be
discussed. The paper will elaborate the historical factors and events from the last century. As well as the current situation will also be presented in this
paper. The main argument of the paper will focus on the factors from history are impacting the current situation of Lebanon. Lebanon had a horrific
history under the Ottoman rule and from that time the country and its leadership struggled to give its people the way of life that was offered to
citizens of Turkey and other Western countries. From the eve of World War, I to the current situation how people have survived and achieved their
independence is also discussed in this paper. With the help of different questions set out for review and their answers, it will be evaluated that through
which strategies the government is trying to reach a next level of development.
On the eve of the First World War theOttoman Empire in Lebanon was in its last few years. The Turkish forces allied with Germans and Italians and
Lebanon's status that had somewhat autonomy. The country did not participate nor had any connection with World War I. It was suffering at the hands
of a food crisis that caused a countrywide shortage of food supplies. The country did not have enough resources to feed its population. The Great
Famine 1915–1918 took the life of more than 200,000 people

A Timeline Of The National Anthem
Seven years after the proclamation of the state of Greater Lebanon during the French Mandate, on July 12th 1927, the Lebanese National Anthem was
created. This French mandate helped Lebanon by acting as a support, until the country could govern on its own. It was written by Rashid Nakhle and
composed by Wadih Sabra. This anthem does not have a specific name; the people usually call it "Ш§Щ„Щ†ШґЩЉШЇ Ш§Щ„Щ€Ш·Щ†Щ
Љ
Ш§Щ„Щ„ШЁЩ†Ш§Щ†ЩЉ", which simply means "Lebanese National Anthem" in Arabic. This research paper will create a timeline of the history of
Lebanon (Western Asia) and explain how the national anthem is linked to the history of the country. This national anthem is a way for people to
identify to their country and to show that they are proud of it.
Lebanon has a rich history composed of many different important dates. First of all, the first settlements of this country were found in 5000 BC, in
Byblos. Everything starts out in the classical antiquity by the Phoenician city–states being conquered by Achaemenid Persia under Cyrus the Great.
Alexander the Great, the Macedonian ruler, attacked and burned Tyre during his war against Persia, after two centuries of Persian rule. In 322 BCE, he
conquered what is now the actual Lebanon and took hold of some of its nearby regions. After the death of the Macedonian ruler, the empire became
part of the Seleucid Empire. In the first century, Galilee introduced Christianity to the country. From that point on, it became a major center of
Christianity.

Rapid Growth Of The Real Estate Sector
In the past fourteen years Lebanon have witnessed a rapid growth in the real estate sector, which raised the prices of the apartments by 560% from
the year 2000 till year 2010 which recorded a peak in the prices in this sector, to stabilize on this prices till recent time. A slight decrease in this
prices was registered in year 2006 because of the Israeli aggression , and in the year 2008 due to "7th of may" incidence , but after each incidence
causes a decrease in prices a remarkable increase is recorded, not just to the past value but more. This raise of prices , minimizes the opportunity of
new families to buy houses to start a new life in. Even if this families decided to rent a house instead of owning them, they would not be able to
have one with low rent price, since the Syrian crisis force Syrian people to immigrate towards the Lebanese area. Surely the Syrian people would
rent houses instead of buying ones, since they are expecting to go back to their country in the near future. That fact raised also the renting prices.
The Lebanese government tried to help its people by offering loans on long term with low interest , also it stimulates the banks to offer citizens such
loans by pumping money towards it with low interests also. But upon observing the arbitrage of the Lebanese government , and the percentage of
defect, we can conclude clearly that a problem will occur in the near future , either by the stoppage of loans , or by the near collapse of this sector ,

Hezbollah Causes
Hezbollah is a Shia militia in southern Lebanon that aims to destroy Israel in order to help spread Pan–Islam throughout the Middle East, get the
Palestinians that are taking their land out of Lebanon, and repay the Israelis for their abusive occupation. Hezbollah's actions are inspired by the
principles of Shia islam that make the militiamen willing to die to become a martyr and to better Islam. Although Hezbollah is in Lebanon, it is largely
an extension of Iran, who began funding them after their Islamic revolution in 1979. Before the Iranian revolution, Hezbollah had only begun to form
but had not yet occupied a large presence in Lebanon. The formation of Hezbollah began with Israel and King Hussein's joint effort to kick the PLO out
At the battle of Karbala, Hussein and all of his family members were slaughtered, but they died in honor, and were all known as martyrs. Shia
muslims today wish that they could have been on that battlefield and could have died fighting for Islam. At the ceremony of Ashura that
commemorates the battle of Karbala, men and young boys crack their heads open and parade for hours while tapping their heads. The immense
blood loss causes them to feel an intense and sedated happiness, with the rapid release of endorphins and serotonin. To Shia muslims, this indicates
that hey have gone to heaven. To them, the intense happiness that they feel as blood flows from their heads marks God coming down, and them
getting to feel what heaven is like. This incredible feeling, along with the honor of being a martyr, is why the Shia members of Hezbollah are so
willing to die for Islam. With no other options to resort to, many suicide bombings were executed as Shia muslims wanted to help the cause of
Islam–and its pre–destination–and become a martyr, which would give their family much honor. Also, they will be able to have the intense happiness
of heaven that they experience during Ashura after dying for Islam. These suicide bombings caused the death of hundreds of Israelis at the expense of
only one Hezbollah militiaman, which enabled Hezbollah to

Similarities And Differences Between Lebanon And Leae
Introduction 385 million people. 13 million square kilometers. 22 Countries. Significant numbers that represent the population, the surface area, and the
number of countries of the Arab world respectively, and yet they all speak one language. The aforementioned surprisingly does not imply that all Arabs
are the same. Lebanon and the UAE are two countries belonging to the Arab world, they both share one language which is Arabic with some
differences in the accent. Lebanon is known for its relaxed laws, extensive history, and corrupt government. UAE is known for its wealth, development,
and traditions. In spite of the fact that these two countries speak one language, they have their similarities and differences when it comes to culture, law,
While similar in some ways, many differences can be identified between Lebanon and the UAE in terms of legislation, especially when one examines
crime and punishment, the structure of the government, gender equality, and working conditions in both countries. One way they are similar is that
there are few laws that protect women against rape and sexual harassment with light consequences for offenders, but they differ when it comes to the
UAE's strict laws against extramarital sex and public displays of affection, which are acceptable practices under Lebanese law. Both governments have
municipalities and ministries that govern local areas, however Lebanon is a democracy with power split among the three dominant powers whereas the
UAE is a unified monarchy with one ruler that governs the laws. Women in Lebanon and the UAE enjoy the same freedoms as men do in society with
laws that empower them. The main difference is that Emirati women are paid more than men while in Lebanon it's the opposite. What UAE and
Lebanon share in common is that western expats receive higher salaries and better work benefits compared to their counterparts from less developed
nations. That being said, UAE law contains additional provisions that ensure that their citizens are guaranteed a job with higher minimum wages, while
Lebanon

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Telework
Telework, a new trend in management starting from the 1970's most notably depicting the new information age where most people felt that teleworkers
were definitely out there, has significantly and progressively increased with no global consensus on how to clearly define and unify both the criteria
and the requirements for a universal telework system. Shockingly, when we studied the history of work, we discovered that working from home
preceded working from the office. In fact, in the middle ages, the routine was for artisans to work on raw materials from home and then supply them to
traders, buyers, and/ or merchants. It was only when the industrial revolution began that the workers had to commute to where the factories and the
large machinery were functioning. (A... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An employee out of sight might seem to be out of supervision, out of productivity, and out of work. This shift from the traditional in–office work to the
out of sight work seemed to greatly frighten many managers who felt the urge to change their management styles into a more trusting and effectively
communicative ones. Thus, came the high needto shed the light on both advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting for both sides of the coin: the
employee and employer.
For a relatively new management strategy, there aren't enough research and studies out there to scientifically prove its efficacy and benefits. The
majority of the people have always reported that they hated their jobs and felt uncreative and increasingly unproductive down the years. Employers
have mainly struggled with constant turnovers and the lack of highly qualified workforce that might have been bound by geographical constraints in
many cases. An investigation into this practice would help foster some depth into this spectrum in order to generally increase work productivity and

Revolutions Everywhere!: Animal Farm by George Orwell
Revolutions are a big part of our world and throughout history, for thousands of years, we have experienced more of these uprisings than we can keep
track of. Revolutions are necessary to bring change to a country's government unwilling to listen to its people. When a government becomes a tyranny,
it's time for a revolution! A revolution aims at overthrowing a government or a certain part of one and this is important to us in order to repair a country
undergoing abuse of power on its citizens. However, most of these rebellions involve weapons with the tragic death of innocent people, and the
countries experiencing this result in chaos with massive destruction leaving thousands of citizens homeless and leading to massive debts in
construction. A novel named Animal Farm was written by the authorGeorge Orwell after he realized the terror brought upon a revolution and
therefore wrote the novel to convey his hatred of these events. This book gives an example of a revolution in a society of animals. Most revolutions
work in in a similar fashion; so, many revolutions have similar aspects to the story in Orwell's novel, one of them being the Cedar Revolution in
Lebanon. The Cedar Revolution of 2005 parallels Animal Farm in which both uprisings had a main figure, the revolutions were made possible due to
these figures, and meetings were held after the end of the revolts.
One way in which Animal Farm parallels the Cedar Revolution is that both revolutions had a main figure which

The Economy Of Lebanon Is A Developing Economy
The economy of Lebanon is a developing economy, with a private sector that contributes to 75% of aggregate demand and a large banking sector
that supports this demand. The IMF forecast a growth of 7% for Lebanon 's real GDP in 2010 and 2011 following 9% growth in 2009 and 8.5% in
2008. It has the 54th richest GDP per capita in the world, and it is forecasted that Lebanon 's GDP per capita will reach 20,000 by 2015, making it
one of the strongest economies in the region. However, the Lebanese economy was badly affected by the Syrian civil war. The institute of international
finance forecasted a GDP growth of 0.7% for 2013. The major industrial sectors include metal products, banking, agriculture, chemicals, and transport
equipment. Lebanon has a competitive and free market regime and a strong laissez–faire commercial tradition. The Lebanese economy is
service–oriented; main growth sectors include banking and tourism. There are no restrictions on foreign exchange or capital movement.
Macro–economic trend This is a chart of trend of gross domestic product of Lebanon at market prices estimated by the International Monetary Fund
with figures in millions of Lebanese Pounds. For purchasing power parity comparisons, the US Dollar is exchanged at 1,403.29 Lebanese Pounds
only. Mean wages were $8.95 per manhour in 2009. – ! colspan 18 style "background: #efefef; border–bottom: 2px solid gray;" GDP – Year 2000 2001
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 – GDP

Final Project T306
Arab Open University Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA)– T306B Academic Year 2012– 2013| Semester: Fall| Branch: Lebanon| Program: System|
Course Title: Managing Complexity A Systems Approach | Course Code:T306 B| Student Name: Ibrahim Eid | Student ID: 080162| Section
Number:209| Tutor Name: Mrs. Wafaa Skaff| Total Mark:| Allocated Marks| Questions| Q1 | Q2| Q3| | | | Total| | Weight| 60| 20| 20| | | | | | Marks| | | |
| | | /100| Allocated Marks| Criteria| Presentation| Referencing/In–text Citations | Word Count| Total| | Marks Deduction| /–05| /–05| /–05| /–15| 100| /100|
Notes on plagiarism: A. According to the Arab Open... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This leads the systems practitioners to address the perspectives of a number of different stakeholders who inhabit diverse of communities of
practice and respect the experience and views that all other bring to the research. All Views and voices of youth are of great value and taken into
consideration, in order to make the government provide Law and regulations. Everyone should be thanked for his/her involvement by providing
information and they must be protected from harm and know what happened in the information that was provided by them. Introduction: Violence is
a complex issue that has been spreading widely and tremendously in Lebanon. It is present in schools, work situations, streets, etc. I have chosen
the messy situation "Family Violence in Lebanese" as my situation of interest. Family violence and abuse can happen to anyone, yet the problem is
often overlooked, excused, or denied. It is a situation in which one family member causes physical or emotional harm to another family member. At
the center of this violence is the abuser 's need to gain power and control over the victim. Abuse follows a cycle that has three stages. In stage one,
tensions exist and build up. Abuse takes place in stage two and in stage three the abuser feels remorse and when the victim has the most control. As
the cycle repeats itself the abuser often feels less and less remorse and tends to become more severe. The family violence

What Does The Presence Of Different Sectarian Groups (...
How does the presence of three different sectarian groups (Christian, Sunni, Shiite) affect the political, economic, and social stability of a nation is an
interdisciplinary research question because it seeks to understand the relationship between the economics and its key insights while examining the
political environment can led to conflict and how that conflict was exacerbated by the involvement of many different cultural sects. Analyzing the case
of Lebanon requires an interdisciplinary approach for several reasons. First, the problem is complex, meaning that there are several components and
each components has a different disciplinary character. Second, important insights into the problem have been produced by expects from multiple
disciplines. Third, no single disciplinary approach has been able to address this problem comprehensively. Fourth, the case of Lebanon falls within the
research domains of several disciplines. By establishing these links across disciplinary knowledge domains requires creating common ground and
performing integration, which is a distinct feature of interdisciplinarity. The scope of this study will focus on the nation of Lebanon with the events
unraveling sense the early 1970 's until today. The composition of the Lebanese society allows us to examine how the presence of Christian, Sunni, and
Shiite camps can lead to social instability with war being the most extreme manifestation of civil strife. Instability in a nations political

The Is The Party Of God
Abstract
When translated, Hezbollah means "The Party of God." However, as we examine the history, demographics, agenda, methodology and target choices
and affiliation assignments and contributions of Hezbollah, we discover that this organization was established with perhaps one goal in mind and that
is to strike fear into the hearts of those that oppose an Islamic state in Lebanon. Therefore, as the self–proclaimed "Party of God," based on the history
of their activities and actions, they appear to be something entirely different.
History
Since the establishment of Hezbollah in 1982 as part of the Iranian government's Revolutionary Guard, according to Spindlove et al (2010, pp.
249–252), the goal of this organization has since been the creation of an independent Islamic state exclusive of the nation of Lebanon. Moreover,
according to a compilation of information by Berman (2015), it is widely believed that the Hezbollah ideology spawned during the Iranian Revolution.
During this revolution, the rhetoric called upon Muslims to over through governments that oppressed them and their beliefs. Within Lebanon,
according to perceptions of the Hezbollah leaders, the United States (U.S.) was ultimately to blame for the oppression of Lebanese Muslims and their
beliefs while, simultaneously, viewing Israel as an extension of the U.S. and its policies within the region. Led by religious clerics, in addition to their
desire for independence, the Hezbollah organization adopted an

President Ronald Reagan 's Foreign Policy
Reagan's Foreign Policy
Some may say, President Ronald Reagan was defined by his foreign policy. Some may also consider that he made difficult decisions during his
presidency in America. Unfortunately, he also made many mistakes as a president. Some think that his foreign policy is one of the errors that he made.
Even though he was an important factor in ending the Cold War, people on his foreign policy team ended up killing American soldiers. Historically,
many considered that a person either liked Reagan or they were against him. Reagan 's stance on foreign policy was for everyone to be at peace
through America's strength.
Ronald Reagan said on March 23, 1983," We maintained peace through strength; weakness only invites aggression". This quote struck the heart of
the people of America. Reagan wanted to"begin an era of renewal". ("The Reagan Presidency, n.d.") He believed that our nation would be the
perfect example of freedom and a guide of hope for the people who do not have the opportunity to have the same freedom that we have. Also, Reagan
was completely against communism that was spreading around the world, at the time, and believed that the Soviet Union could not be trustworthy. On
March 3, 1983, in one of his famous speeches, he called the Soviet Union an "evil empire" and also stated that the Soviets were "the focus of all evil
in the modern world." ("Cannon, 2016")
Reagan had a cabinet government that assigned a higher position to the president's secretary of

Lebanon Essay
Lebanon
Lebanon, a nation that once proudly called itself the Switzerland of the Middle
East, is today a country in name only. Its government controls little more than half of the nation's capital, Beirut. Its once–vibrant economy is a
shambles.
And its society is fragmented – so fragmented, some believe, that it may be impossible to re–create a unified state responsive to the needs of all its
varied peoples.
Lebanon lies on the eastern shore of the Mediterranea n Sea, in that part of southwestern Asia known as the Middle East. Because of its location – at the
crossroads of Asia, Europe, and Africa– Lebanon has been the center of commerce and trade for thousands of years. It has also been on the route of
numerous conquering armies. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lebanon has four distinct geographical regions: a narrow – but fertile – coastal plain; two roughly parallel mountain ranges that run the full length of
the country – the Lebanon, which rises in the west to an alpine hei ght of 11,000 feet while the eastern range, the anti–Lebanon, is crowned
magestically by the snow–capped Mount Hermon at 9,232 feet. The two chains of mountains shelter between them a well–cultivated plateau extending
seventy miles in length and fifteen miles in width. This tableland is called the Bekaa. This is a fertile strip of land 110 miles long and six to ten
miles wide. Zahle, the third largest city in the country, is in the valley. The country's two most important rivers, the Litani and the Orontes, rise in the
northern Bekaa near Baalbek, a city that dates to Roman times. The Litani flows southwest through the Bekaa Valley and then empties into the
Mediterranean Sea north of Tyre. Its waters are used for irrigation, so it becomes a mere tr ickle by the time it gets to the sea. The
Orontes rises not far from the Litani, but it flows northward between the two mountain ranges, wending its way into Syria. Beyond the Bekaa and the
anti–
Lebanon mountains, the Syrian desert only stretches east f or about 800 miles to the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. This geography has been
a determining factor for millenia in keeping Lebanon turned toward the West.
The landscape cannot be described without mentioning the most celebrated

Research Paper On What Did They Win Hezbollah
What did they win– Hezbollah won most feared because of all the wealth and military power they have. Everyone in their country is afraid of
Hezbollah. History– Hezbollah started in 1982 during the first Lebanon war. Hezbollah is group of Muslims which is a party of God. They are
powerful in military and powerful in politics. Hezbollah is located in Lebanon. Lebanon is east of Syria. A lot of the members of Hezbollah are either
Muslims or Syrian people. Hezbollah is the most powerful in military, biggest, wealthiest, and smartest terrorist organization. Philosophy of the group–
Specific events– In October 1983, Hezbollah bombed a multinational army base killing over 250 American troops and over 50 French troops. They
think it was suicide

The Responsibility Of 911 Attacks
Have you ever think of the US should take the responsibility of 911 attacks? September 11 attacks, the deadliest terrorist attack in world history, were
a series of airline hijacking by nineteen militants of an Islamic extremist group Al–Qaeda. The hijackers, along with the suicide bombers, seized four
US commercial jets and crashed them into US's landmarks, Twins tower of World Trader Center and the Pentagon, at 8:46 a.m. on September 11, 2011.
The notorious Al–Qaeda chief Osama–bin–Laden masterminded the attacks. According to CNN News, the September 11 attacks killed 2,966 people
and injured more than 6,000 citizens in New York City (CNN). Moreover, as reported by Health Department WTC's Health Registry, the attacks
brought on the post–traumatic stress disorder, and they concluded that 1,140 people who worked near the Manhattan and the New York City at the
time are diagnosed with cancer caused by exposure to toxins at Ground Zero (Bendix). On September 11, President George W Bush addressed a
plausible but flawed explanation, "America was targeted for attack because we're the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world. And
no one will keep that light from shining" (The Boston Globe), which indirectly reveals that Bush is blaming Muslims for the fault for 911 attacks.
While most of the Americans believe that Muslims are fully responsible for the 911 attacks, the U.S involvement in Middle East affairs and the
exploitation of Middle East resources sparked off

Hezbollah Research Paper
Terrorism within or against the United States is not a new phenomenon. Our history is well documented with thousands of attempts and actual acts of
terrorism that happened on U.S. soil. The first act of terrorism can be traced back to 1865 with the assassination of President Lincoln, but the first
and boldest foreign terrorist attack occurred in New York City on February 26, 1993. Over 1,000 people were injured and six were killed when a
group of Islamic terrorists detonated a rental truck equipped with explosives underneath the World Trade Center. TheFederal Bureau of Investigation
(FBI) later discovered that the explosion at the World Trade Center was a dress rehearsal for the most devastating and deadly terrorist attack to reach
our nation, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Hezbollah began its existence with leaders, such as al–Musawi, al–Khalil, and Mughniyah, who had proven their competence in the crucible of
Lebanon's Civil War." With these leaders, they recruited fighters with an extensive military training background, which proved to be an asset against
the Israeli army. There is said to be tens of thousands of Hezbollah members within their ranks and could increase up to a hundred thousand or more.
Abbas al–Musawi was the senior leader of Hezbollah before the Israeli's killed him in 1992. Hassan Nasarallah became the next senior leader of
Hezbollah, also known as the Secretary–General; essentially he makes all the decisions for any political or paramilitary activities. Nasrallah was a
student of al–Musawi in a religious seminary school in Iraq, and he regarded al–Musawi as his mentor. He was a strong supporter of the Israel
resistance and while in school, he organized a group of Shiite's to assist in the invasion of Israel. Even though Nasrallah has faced criticism from his
own people, he has "won broad grassroots support by cultivating a social welfare network that provided schools, clinics, and housing in the
predominantly Shiite parts of Lebanon." He has proven to be a very intelligent, religious, and charismatic figure across the Arab nations, and has gained
much support and popularity for Hezbollah's terrorist activities. Underneath Secretary–General Nasrallah is second–in–command, Naim Qassem, the
top political advisor to Nasrallah, Hussein al–Khalil, and now deceased spiritual leader or chief Mujtahid, Sheikh Muhammed Hussein Fadlallah. "For
more than twenty years, Imad Fayez Mugniyah was considered Hezbollah's top planner of worldwide terrorist operations," but he was replaced by
Mohammed Rida Zahidi in 2008. Finally, the head of security is Wafiq Safa, who was a founder of Hezbollah and

The International Civil Aviation Organization

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Shannon Sand

More from Shannon Sand (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

The International Civil Aviation Organization