Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth's climate. Environmental pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the environment such changes are caused by Substances that are introduced into the environment, by human activities.

1. Global Warming
Global Warming
Greenhouse Effect
Greenhouse gases and their sources
Steps to reduce Global warming
Air and Water Pollution
Air Pollution
Causes of Air Pollution
Effects of Air Pollution
Control of Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Causes of Water Pollution
Effects of Water Pollution
Control of Water Pollution

2. Global Warming

3. Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase
in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and its
oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing
the Earth's climate.

4. “Rising global temperatures are
expected to raise sea level, and
change precipitation and other local
climate conditions. Changing
regional climate could alter forests,
crop yields, and water supplies. It
could also affect human health,
animals, and many types of
ecosystems. Deserts may expand
into existing rangelands, and
features of some of our national
parks may be permanently altered.”

5. Scientists say that the barrier
insulating the continental ice caps
is melting.
“The impacts of warming
temperatures in Antarctica are
likely to occur first in the northern
sections of the continent, where
summer temperatures approach the
melting point of water, 32 degrees
F (0 degrees C).”

6. As the ice melts, big chunks of
glaciers will break off and become
like ice cubes in a big glass of
water. The ice chunks, known as
icebergs, create mass in the ocean.
The icebergs displace the water
causing the ocean level to rise.
Some of the shoreline in many
places like Florida (where the land
is at a low altitude) will go under
water.

7. This is where temperatures have risen in the world.

8. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases act like a blanket,
absorbing IR radiation and preventing it from escaping into outer
space. The net effect is the gradual heating of Earth's atmosphere and
surface, a process known as global warming.

12. Carbon(109metrictons)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000
Year
Liquid fuel
Total
Gas fuel
Solid fuel

13. Annual carbon emissions
Atmospheric CO2
Atmospheric CO2 average
1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005
0
4
6
8
2
Year
Carbon(109metrictons)

14. Increasing CO2 emissions, especially in China and developing countries
Likely to double within 150 years:
• Increased coal usage
• Increased natural gas usage
• Decreased petroleum usage (increased cost and decreasing supply)

15. Because greenhouse gas emissions are tied very closely to our energy consumption, using less
fossil fuel based energy puts fewer greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
This will help slow global warming.
Reduce consumption of fossil fuels in US
Mountaintop removal for coal
mining near Rawl, West Virginia.
50% of electricity in the United
States is produced from coal.
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16. Small changes really add up
Replace your old refrigerator
with a new Energy Star:
Annual savings:
700 pounds CO2
Set your thermostat down a few
degrees in the winter
Annual savings:
1400 pounds CO2
Wash clothes in cold water only
Annual savings:
500 pounds CO2
Drive JUST 10 fewer miles per week
Annual savings:
520 pounds CO2
Reduce your garbage by 10%
through greater recycling or reduced
packaging
Annual savings:
1200 pounds CO2

17. Air and Water Pollution

18. Pollution

19. Pollution is normally classified on an environmental basis, into the
following 3 types.
Air pollution.
Water pollution.
Soil pollution.
Apart from these, we can recognize other forms of pollution such as noise
pollution, thermal pollution, radio-active pollution and so on

20.  According to W.H.O, an increase in any of the constituents of the
atmosphere which is harmful to the living beings and their
environment, is known as air pollution
The view from the space

21.  Primarily air pollutants The pollutants that are a direct result of
the process can be called primary pollutants. A classic example of a
primary pollutant would be the sulfur-dioxide emitted from factories.
Secondary pollutants are the ones that are caused by the inter
mingling and reactions of primary pollutants. Smog created by the
interactions of several primary pollutants is known to be as secondary
pollutant.

22. A form of air pollution produced by the photochemical reaction of sunlight with
hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides,that have been released into the atmosphere, s
pecially by automotive emissions.

24. Burning of Fossil Fuels
Sulfur dioxide emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels like coal,
petroleum and other factory combustibles is one the major cause of air
pollution.
Agricultural activities
Ammonia is a very common by product from agriculture related
activities and is one of the most hazardous gases in the atmosphere.
Indoor air pollution
Household cleaning products, painting supplies emit toxic chemicals in
the air and cause air pollution.

25. Exhaust from factories and industries
Manufacturing industries release large amount of carbon monoxide,
hydrocarbons, organic compounds, and chemicals into the air thereby
depleting the quality of air.
Mining operations
Mining is a process wherein minerals below the earth are extracted
using large equipments. During the process dust and chemicals are
released in the air causing massive air pollution.

26. 1. Respiratory and heart problems
2. Global warming
3. Acid Rain
4. Effect on Wildlife
5. Depletion of Ozone layer

28. The ozone layer is becoming thin due to the gases called CFCS. The
use of these gases started in 1930s in refrigerators, air conditioners, and
for cleaning of computers. These gases do not burn and are not
poisonous. However, CFCS are known to spoil the ozone layer of the
atmosphere in a systematic way. Modern research shows that one
molecule of CFCs can destroy one lac molecules of ozone.

29. Establishment of industries away from the towns and cities.
Growing more plants and trees.
Use of efficient engines in automobiles.
Use of smokeless stove.
Use public mode of transportation
Conserve energy
Understand the concept of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle
 Emphasis on clean energy resources
Use energy efficient devices

30. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies like lakes, rivers,
oceans, aquifers and groundwater. Water pollution occurs
when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies
without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.
Effluent from various industries, Sewage containing domestic waster
and pesticides from agricultural lands are finding their way into water
bodies leading to water pollution.

32. Industrial wastes
Sewage and waste water
Mining activities
Marine dumping
Accidental Oil leakage
Burning of fossil fuels
Chemical fertilizers and pesticides
Agricultural wastes
Release of Superheated water
Addition of waste and oil from refineries

33. Leakage from sewer lines
Global warming
Radioactive waste
Urban development
 Leakage from the landfills
 Animal waste
Underground storage leakage

35. Human Health
Ecosystems
Death of animals
Economic cost

36. • Sewage treatments
• Prevent river water to get polluted
• Treatment of wastes before discharge
• Strict adherence to water laws
• Treatment of drainage water
• Treatment plants
• Keep the pond water clean and safe
• Routine cleaning
• Don’t pour insecticides in sinks and toilets
• Public Awareness

37. Sewage Treatment