Self actuated project

1. GROUP MEMBERS
NAMES EXAM NUMBER NRC NUMBER
GOODFELL MUSHITU 555752 331525/68/1
KASUBA SHADRICK 584584 522907/61/1
BANDA WIDSON 584579 261224/63/1
YUMBA DANIEL 584587 586846/67/1
SUPERVISORS NAME;
MR F. PULANTILA
SINOZAM VOATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MECHATRONICS DEPARTMENT
FINAL PROJECT 2023
PROJECT TITLE : Design and Development of a self-actuated water tap and Hand Sanitizer.

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
 AIM
 OBJECTIVE
 RELEVANCE TO SOCIETY
 METHODOLOGY
 BLOCK DIAGRAM
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 BUDGET
 GANTT CHART
 RECOMMENDATIONS
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
 Based on information submitted by the World Health Organization (WHO) that one
of the transmission methods, namely air, can transmit the Corona virus . In addition
to the mode of transmission of COVID-19, WHO also educates various places
where COVID-19 spreads, such as narrow places, crowds, and limited rooms .
 Based on this information as well as the zambia government's instructions to
always implement the 5M protocol, namely wearing masks, washing hands,
maintaining distance, staying away from crowds, and reducing mobility. One of the
government's instructions is to wash hands, either by using running water, added
with soap, or directly using hand sanitizer. But seeing the state of the environment
around which there is still a lot of hand washing by touching the hand washing tool
directly by turning the faucet or holding the hand sanitizer , plus the hand washing
tool is a public facility that is used by many people, this needs to be watched out
for and has the potential for transmission. Corona virus .
 This is the background of the problem to make an automatic hand sanitizer using a
microcontroller device that can reduce direct contact with the title "Design of an
Automatic Hand Sanitizer Based on the Arduino Uno Microcontroller".

4. PROBLEM STATEMENT
 most of the water tap in the market usually use old system where it
using manually control to turn on or turn off the system. When the
users using that system they must use their hand to open or close the
water tap and the water tap valve easy to damage because when the
users always turn strongly to open or close the tap.
 Looking at the development of technology today usage of sink should
not be focused on water use only because user needs something their
use can give many benefit when they use it. Another disadvantages for
the system is when users wash their hands, their hands not very clean
because they still have a direct contact to the messy water tap where it
expose to the bacteria.

5. AIM
 Design and Develop of a self-actuated water tap and
Hand Sanitizer that will reduce the transmitting of
diseases and loss of water .

6. OBJECTIVES
 TO DESINE A SYSTEM WHICH CAN ONLY WORK IF
SOMEONE FIRST USE A HAND SANITIZER THAT’S
WHEN A TAP CAN WORK.
 TO DESINE A SYSTEM WHICH CAN USE AC/DC
VOLTAGE SOURCE.

7. RELEVANCE TO SOCIETY
PROVIDES BETTER HYGIENE
EASY TO USE
LONG LASTING
SAVES WATER
RELIABLE
BETTER FOR USER EXPERIENCE

8. METHODOLOGY
 Research from internet
 Research from electrical and electronic books
 Consultations from the general public

9. BLOCK DIAGRAM

11. Block Description
 The block diagram of this automatic tap shows that there are four blocks.
Each block consist a simple circuit. The blocks are Transmitter Circuit,
Receiver Circuit, Relay and Power Supply.
Transmitter Circuit:
 It consist a laser Diode which emits the laser rays. It consumes 5V DC
power supply.
Receiver Circuit:
 It consist a LDR, 555timer IC and a 50KΩ variable resistor. It consumes 9V
DC power supply.
Relay
 It is a SPDT relay, which is energized by a 6V DC. The 6V DC is gain by the
output of the 555 timer IC.
Power Supply:
 It consist a 220/12V transformer, capacitors, voltage regulator IC‟s (L7812,
L7809, L7805) and a bridge rectifier. This circuit provides the required
voltage to all the other circuits.

12. CIRCIUT DIAGRAM

14. CIRCUIT OPERATION
 The circuit diagram of this automatic tap consist main component i.e. 555 Timer ic and other
components are 50 KΩ variable resistor, LDR, 6 volt relay, 12 volt DC water pump motor, 5 volt laser
light. And other components used are for voltage supply. The components for voltage supply are
220/12V (1A) Transformer, 1000 μf 25V capacitor, 1 μf 65V capacitor 3 pcs and IC's used for voltage
regulation are 7812, 7809, 7805.
 The main circuit consists of 555 Timer IC, 50KΩ variable resistor, LDR & 6V relay and it requires 9V DC
source to operate. And the DC water pump motor requires 12V DC source and consumes 4.2 watt. The
motor is controlled by the relay, this relay act as a switch for motor and is controlled by the 555
timer IC‟s output, the output of 555timer IC depends upon the resistance of the LDR. The laser light
requires 5V DC source to operate. The light of laser falls on the LDR to decrease the resistance of
LDR, when the light falls on the LDR then the output of the 555 timer IC is 0 so the relay is not
operate. And when the light of laser doesn't fall on the LDR by interruption then the resistance of LDR
will increased up to million ohms according to light intensity falling in it. So increasing the resistance
of LDR results to give an output of timer IC high (i.e.6V) then the relay is operated and the motor will
run and starts to pump water so the tap system act as an automatic control.
 The LDR and Laser light's position are arranged in such a way, when any person wants water and put
the hands or utensils/objects under the tap then the object interrupt the laser rays falling on LDR so

15. BUDGET
1 Arduino Uno R3 02 K K
2 R3 = 4.7 kilo-
ohms
02 K 4 K8
3 Sensor1 = IR
sensor
02 K6oo K1200
4 Sensor1 = IR
sensor
02 K300 K600
5 IR1 = IR led 02 K 45 K90
6 • R1 = 10 kilo-
ohms
02 K5 K10

16. 9 12 volts 1 Ampere
adapter
02 k100 K200
10 12v transformer 02 K450 K900
11 4007 diode 04 K8 K32
12 1000mfd 25v
capacitor
10 K20 K200
13 LM7812 voltage
regulator ic
02 K300 K600
14 IR PROXIMITY
SENSOR
03 K1000 K3000
Total k6,040

17. GANTT CHART
ACTIVITY SEP-
2022
OCT-
2022
NOV-
2022
DEC-
2022
JAN-
2023
FEB-
2023
MAR-
2023
APR-2023
PROJECT SELECTION
FIRST PRESENTATION
PROJECT PROPOSAL
PROJECT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
CIRCUIT DESIGN
SECOND PROJECT
PRESENTATION
COMPONENT GATHERING AND SOURCING
PROJECT ASSEMBLY
REPORT WRITING
PROJECT TESTING AND REVIEW
MOCK PROJECT
PRESENTATION
FINAL TEVETA PRESENTATION

18. CHALLENGES
The following were some challenges faced:
 Difficulties to access some components from our local markets
 Limited financial challenges

19. RECOMMENDATION
 We seek and wish this project can further be
improved and recommend that it is used as a
teaching aid and instrument here at Sino Zam
Vocational College Of Science And Technology

20. CONCLUSION
This feature provides us better hygiene we don,t
need to touch this tap as it is hands-free, the
sensor system does not require touching of hands
to open tap for water flow. All we have to do is
simply put hands in front of the sensor tap and
the water will flow automatically for washing.

21. REFERENCES
 FUNDAMENTALS OF DIGITAL ELECTRONICS : PROF B. PATONRetrieved from electrical technology:
https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2015/01/resistor-types-resistors-fixed-variable-linear-non-
linear.html
 (2009, sept 09). Retrieved from scribd: https://www.scribd.com/doc/19573938/Automatic-IR-Tap-
Controller
 (2011). Retrieved from plumbing help today: https://www.plumbinghelptoday.com/about-
us/blog/2011/may/the-history-of-the-facuet
 (2011). Retrieved from wikipedia: www.wikipedia.org/resistor
 (2012, 2 24). Retrieved from electronics4u: https://www.electrical4u.com/light-dependent-resistor-
ldr-working-principle-of-ldr/
 (2016, Aug). Retrieved from electrical technology:
ttps://www.electricaltechnology.org/2015/01/resistor-types-resistors-fixed-variable-linear-non-
linear.html