.

1. TRAINING REPORT
In the partial fulfillment of requirement of prescribed
course for the award
B.VOC
In
MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING
JC BOSE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, YMCA
AT
TECHNOTRENDZ SOLUTIONS PVT. LTD.
Period of training:
24 OCTOBER, 2021 to 30 APRIL, 2022
BY:
ABHISHEK PATHAK
19021254003

2. DECLARATION
I am hereby informed that I am under 6 months on job training at TECHNOTRENDZ
SOLUTIONS PVT. LTD. in ASSEMBLY and DESIGNING department as requirement of six
months training semester for the award of degree of B.VOC(Manufacturing) at YMCA
University Faridabad under guidance of Mr. RAJESH SEHGAL(CEO), Mr. VIKAS VERMA
(Assembly Head), TECHNOTRENDZ SOLUTIONS PVT. LTD. during the period 24 OCTOBER 2021
to 30 APRIL 2022.
I further declare that the matter contained in this report has not been submitted for
the award of any other degree.
ABHISHEK PATHAK
19021254003

3. Examiner Certificate
The following examiners have access the project report and conducted the viva-voce
Examination: Internal Examiners External Examiners
Name: Name:
Affiliation: Affiliation:
Contact no.: Contact no.:
Email ID: Email ID:
Signature: Signature:

4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We cannot achieve anything worthwhile in this field of technical education
unless the theoretical education in the classroom is effectively wedded to its
practical approach that is taking place in the modern industries, research and
the institution.
I express my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. RAJESH SEHGAL for providing me
guidance, requisite facilities and cordial atmosphere during my training period.
I am also thankful to Mr. VIKAS VERMA for his kind co-operation and
guidance.
I also express my sincere thanks to all the engineers and staff members of the
plant for their kind cooperation and guidance during my training period.
ABHISHEK PATHAK
19021254003
YMCAUST
FARIDABAD

5. INDEX
Chapters Page no.
1. COMPANY PROFILE
6
2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
3. MULTIMETER
4. SOLDERING
5. DESIGNING OF PRODUCTS
6. SELECTION OF RAW MATERIAL
7. RIVETING
8. ASSEMBLY
9. TESTING
10. REWORK
11. FINALIZING THE PRODUCT
12. PACKAGING AND DISPATCHING

6. Chapter: - 1
CHAPTER TITLE: - ABOUT COMPANY
COMPANY PROFILE -
Reinvent Learning! Redefine Education!
Technotrendz is a group of technocrats to develop world class switchgear equipment and safety
devices. Total Customer satisfaction through supply of the most reliable products is our speciality.
Having established state of the art manufacturing facilities and world class test labs, continuous
development and innovation remain our hallmark.
Since inception in 2016, technotrendz is non to provide the most reliable & safe solution for many
industries & application including residential & industrial premises, solar and wind installations,
railways, telecom, defense, industrial machinery, etc.
The company is certified to ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System & ISO 14000
Environmental Management System. Advanced production equipment, precision detecting
equipment, high-tech processes and Most Modern technologies are adapted to design and
manufacture the products meeting the applicable industry standards.
Disconnecting and Earthing Devices that provide easy disconnecting high voltage equipment from
a high voltage bus bar and connect these parts to ground potential to take away all electric energy,
which might rest in capacitors and other components. Our modular Disconnecting and Earthing
Devices guarantee working safely on disconnected and grounded high voltage installations. A
typical domain of our Disconnecting and Earthing Device is the power supply and power distribution
of railway coaches. It is used in environments with single and multiple operating systems. But also
in switchgear cabinets and process control, where high voltage is used, this device is the safety
standard. Our devices guarantee safety while working on installations, where high voltage requires

7. disconnecting and earthing. These applications are to be found where electricity drives large
machines or where high power consumption requires high voltage.
OUR PRODUCT & PROCESSES
➢ SAFETY DEVICES
➢ MCB
➢ MULTIMETER
➢ ASSEMBLY
➢ REWORK
➢ RIVETING
➢ MEASUREMENT
➢ ELECTRONICS
➢ TESTING
○ ENDURANCE TEST
○ LOAD TEST
○ TEMPERATURE TEST

8. Chapter: - 2
CHAPTER TITLE: - PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
EARTHING AND DISCONNECTING DEVICES
Earthing is defined as “the process in which the instantaneous discharge of the electrical
energy takes place by transferring charges directly to the earth through low resistance wire.”
Low resistance earthing wire is chosen to provide the least resistance path for leakage of fault
current. Let us know more about earthing and its types in this article.
To ensure safety, earthing can be done by connecting the electrical appliance to earthing systems or
electrodes placed near the soil or below the ground level.
HOW IS EARTHING DONE
The electrode or earthing mat equipped with a flat iron riser is installed under the ground level. It
helps to connect all the non-current-carrying metallic parts of the equipment.
When the overload current is passed through the equipment or when the fault occurs in the system
due to the current, the fault current from the equipment flows through the earthing system. The earth
mat conductors aid in raising the voltage value equal to the resistance of the earth mat multiplied by
a ground fault and helps guard the equipment against overload current or fault current.
In homes, there shall be three types of wires, live, neutral, and earth. Electric appliances like
refrigerators, iron box, TV are connected to the earth wire while operating. Hence, these devices are
protected from the surge or faulty electrical supply. Local earthing is done near the electrical meter
of the house.

9. CIRCUIT BREAKER
DEFINITION:-
A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch designed to
protect an electrical circuit from damage, caused by overload or short circuit. Its
basic function is to detect a faulty condition and, by interrupting continuity, to
immediately discontinue electrical flow.
OPERATION:
All circuit breakers have common features in their operation, although details
vary depending on the voltage class, current rating and type of the circuit breaker
The circuit breaker detects a fault condition; in low-voltage circuit breakers this is
usually done within the breaker enclosure. Circuit breakers for large currents or
high voltages are usually arranged with pilot devices to sense a fault current and
to operate the trip opening mechanism. The trip solenoid that releases the latch
is usually energized by a separate battery, although some high-voltage circuit
breakers are self-contained with current transformers, protection relays, and an
internal control power source. Once a fault is detected, contacts within the circuit
breaker open to interrupt the circuit; some mechanically-stored energy contained
within the breaker is used to separate the contacts, although some of the energy
required may be obtained from the fault current itself. Small circuit breakers may
be manually operated; larger units have solenoids to trip the mechanism, and
electric motors to restore energy to the springs.
The circuit breaker contacts must carry the load current without excessive
heating, and must also withstand the heat of the arc produced when interrupting
the circuit. Contacts are made of copper or copper alloys, silver alloys, and other
materials. Service life of the contacts is limited by the erosion due to interrupting

10. the arc. Miniature and molded case circuit breakers are usually discarded when
the contacts are worn, but power circuit breakers and high-voltage circuit
breakers have replaceable contacts.
❖ Miniature circuit breaker:-
Circuit breakers used in residential and light commercial installations are referred
to as miniature circuit breakers (MCBs). Miniature circuit breakers typically include
an electrical contact mounted on a movable contact carrier which rotates away
from a stationary contact in order to interrupt the current path. Miniature circuit
breakers may be utilized in conjunction with arc fault and/or ground fault trip
mechanisms.

11. ❖ Molded case circuit breaker:-
Molded Case Circuit Breakers are the common low (10 Amp) to high (2000Amp)
power, plastic encased breakers used in "low voltage" (defined as 690V and
under) distribution systems. They can have an interrupting rating of anywhere
from 10,000A to 200,000A.Thermal or thermal-magnetic operation. Trip current
may be adjustable in larger ratings.
❖ RCCB (residual current circuit + breaker)
Residual Current Circuit Breaker is essentially a device which senses current
and disconnects any low voltage (unbalanced current) circuit whenever any fault
occurs.
Purpose: Residual Current Circuit Breaker basically is installed to prevent
humans from shocks or death caused by shocks. It prevents accidents by
disconnecting the main circuit within a fraction of seconds.
How it Works:
It has very simple working based on Kirchhoff's Current Law i.e. the incoming
current in a circuit must be equal to the outgoing current from that circuit. This
circuit breaker is made such that whenever a fault occurs the current balance of
line and neutral does not match (imbalance occurs, as the fault current finds
another earthing path of current).
Its circuit is made such that every instance it compares the value of incoming
and outgoing circuit current. Whenever it is not equal, the residual current which
is basically the difference between the two currents actuates the circuit to
trip/switch off.

12. Chapter: - 3
CHAPTER TITLE: - MULTIMETER
A multimeter is a measuring instrument that can measure multiple electrical properties. A typical
multimeter can measure voltage, resistance, and current, in which case it is also known as a
volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM), as the unit is equipped with voltmeter, ammeter, and ohmmeter
functionality. Some feature the measurement of additional properties such as temperature and
volume.
Analog multimeters use a microammeter with a moving pointer to display readings. Digital
multimeters (DMM, DVOM) have numeric displays and have made analog multimeters obsolete as
they are cheaper, more precise, and more physically robust than analog multimeters.

13. General Properties of multimeter
Any meter will load the circuit under test to some extent. For example, a multimeter using a moving
coil movement with full-scale deflection current of 50 microamps (μA), the highest sensitivity
commonly available, must draw at least 50 μA from the circuit under test for the meter to reach the
top end of its scale. This may load a high-impedance circuit so much as to affect the circuit, thereby
giving a low reading. The full-scale deflection current may also be expressed in terms of "ohms per
volt" (Ω/V). The ohms per volt figure is often called the "sensitivity" of the instrument. Thus a meter
with a 50 μA movement will have a "sensitivity" of 20,000 Ω/V. "Per volt" refers to the fact that the
impedance the meter presents to the circuit under test will be 20,000 Ω multiplied by the full-scale
voltage to which the meter is set. For example, if the meter is set to a range of 300 V full scale, the
meter's impedance will be 6 MΩ. 20,000 Ω/V is the best (highest) sensitivity available for typical
analog multimeters that lack internal amplifiers. For meters that do have internal amplifiers (VTVMs,
FETVMs, etc.), the input impedance is fixed by the amplifier circuit.
Measured Values of Multimeter
Contemporary multimeters can measure many values. The most common are:
● Voltage, alternating and direct, in volts.
● Current, alternating and direct, in amperes.
● Resistance in ohms.
● Capacitance in farads
● Conductance in Siemens
● Continuity
● Frequency in hertz.
● very small current flow
● very small resistances, etc.

14. Chapter: - 4
CHAPTER TITLE: - SOLDERING
Soldering is a joining process used to join different types of metals together by melting solder.
Solder is a metal alloy usually made of tin and lead which is melted using a hot iron. The iron
is heated to temperatures above 600 degrees Fahrenheit which then cools to create a strong
electrical bond.
WORKING OF SOLDER
Solder is melted by using heat from an iron connected to a temperature controller. It is
heated up to temperatures beyond its melting point at around 600 degrees Fahrenheit which

15. then causes it to melt, which then cools creating the soldered joint.
As well as creating strong electrical joints, solder can also be removed using a disordering
tool.
Solder is a metal alloy used to create strong permanent bonds; such as copper joining in
circuit boards and copper pipe joints. It can also be supplied in two different types and
diameters, lead and lead free and also can be between .032” and .062”. Inside the solder
core is the flux, a material used to strengthen and improve its mechanical properties.

16. Chapter: - 5
CHAPTER TITLE: - DESIGNING THE PRODUCTS
Product designing is about to create solutions. In general engineering product design is a process of
creating new products through efficient idea generation and concept development to manufacture.
The product design process is a set of planned activities that convert an idea into a product and
make it commercially available to the end-us
PROCESS OF PRODUCT DESIGNING
❖ Idea Generation:
The design process begins with understanding the customers and their needs. Ideas for new
products can come from a variety of sources both within and outside the firm. Internal sources
include employees, research and development, market research, sales force and reverse
engineering.
❖ Screening Ideas:
The purpose of screening ideas is to eliminate those ideas that do not appear to have high potential
and so avoid the costs incurred at subsequent stages. Using a group of people, proposals would be
supported by graphics, models and an outline specification and judged against a set of criteria. And
with existing products and services, utilizing existing processes and capabilities, impact on overall
sales and profits of the company.
❖ Feasibility Study:
Initial screening of the ideas is designed to stop the ideas, which are unsuitable for further
considerations. Feasibility study consists of a market analysis, an economic analysis, and technical
and strategic analysis.

17. Marketing takes the ideas that are generated and the customer needs that are identified from the
first stage of the design process and develops alternative product concepts. The market analysis
through customer analysis and market survey assesses whether there is enough demand for the
proposed product to invest in developing further.
❖ Preliminary Design:
Production design is concerned with how the product will be made. Design, which is difficult to
make, results in poor quality products. During the design stage itself the manufacturing aspects
should be considered. The production design or design for production include simplification,
standardization and modularity.
Design simplification attempts to reduce the number of parts, subassemblies and options into a
product. Standardization refers to use of commonly available and interchangeable parts and
subassemblies
❖ Testing:
In the preliminary design stage, prototypes are built and tested after several iterations, and a pilot
run of the manufacturing process is conducted. Adjustments are made as needed before finalizing
the design. Apart from continuously testing the product for performance, market testing is also
carried out to check the acceptability of the product in the defined market and customer group. This
helps to know in advance, whether customers will accept and buy this product on launching in the
market. Thus, test marketing is a powerful tool.
❖ Final Design and Process Plans:
The final design consists of detailed drawings and specifications for the new product. The
accompanying process plans are workable instructions for manufacture including necessary
equipment and tooling, component sources job descriptions, work instructions and Programmers for
computer-assisted machines.

18. ❖ New Product Launch:
Launching a new product or service involves ramp up production. The process has been refined
and debugged, but it has yet to operate at a sustained level of production. In ramp up, production
starts at a relatively low level of volume as the organization develops confidence in its abilities to
execute production consistently and marketing’s abilities to sell the product, the volume increases.
Launching the new product or service involves co-coordinating the supply chain and rolling out
marketing plans. Marketing and production will work in a co-coordinated way during this phase.

19. Chapter: - 6
CHAPTER TITLE: - SELECTION OF RAW MATERIALS
RAW MATERIALS
Raw materials can be explained as substance or material used in the manufacturing or primary
production of goods. Generally, raw materials are natural resources like oil, wood, and iron. Raw
materials are often altered for use in various processes prior to being used in the manufacturing
process.
Raw materials play an important role in the production process to a great extent as the success of
the economy of a country is determined by the amount of natural resources held by a country within
its borders. A country holding ample amount of natural resources does not require importing of as
many raw materials
SOURCING AND PROCESSING OF RAW MATERIAL
After the raw materials have been selected, it becomes important to select the right processing
technology for the same. Besides, it is also important to decide upon the source of raw materials. All
these requirements can be met either through domestic sources or can also be imported related to
regulatory requirements of the Governments.
RAW MATERIALS:-
⮚ Copper
⮚ Nylon
⮚ Glass epoxy
⮚ Brass
⮚ Mild steel
⮚ Stainless steel
⮚ Iron

20. COPPER: - Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a soft,
malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed
surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orange color.
NYLON: - Nylon is a polymer—a plastic with super-long, heavy molecules built up of short, Nylon
is not actually one, single substance but the name given to a whole family of very similar materials
called polyamides.
GLASS EPOXY: - Epoxy glass is a transparent, hard and brittle substance that is derived from
the polymerization of epoxides. It is used as a type of coating on metal surfaces to prevent
corrosion. These primary properties of epoxy resin glass make it ideal for high temperature,
electrical and mechanical applications.
BRASS: - Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc, in proportions which can be varied to achieve
varying mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties. It is a substitutional alloy: atoms of the two
constituents may replace each other within the same crystal structure.
Brass is still commonly used in applications where corrosion resistance and low friction are
required, such as locks, hinges, gears, bearings, ammunition casings, zippers, plumbing, hose
couplings, valves, and electrical plugs and sockets.
MILD STEEL: - Mild steel is a ferrous metal made from iron and carbon. It is a low-priced
material with properties that are suitable for most general engineering applications. Low carbon mild
steel has good magnetic properties due to its high iron content, it is therefore defined as being
'ferromagnetic'.
Mild steel can be used to create products across a wide variety of industries, making it one of the
most popularly used types of steel. Uses for mild steel include structural steel, signs, automobiles,
furniture, fencing, and much more.

21. STAINLESS STEEL: - Stainless steel is a corrosion-resistant alloy of iron, chromium and, in
some cases, nickel and other metals. Stainless steel is also environmentally neutral and inert, and
its longevity ensures it meets the needs of sustainable construction.
IRON: - A heavy malleable ductile magnetic silver-white metallic element that readily rusts in
moist air, occurs native in meteorites and combined in most igneous rocks, is the most used of
metals, and is vital to biological processes

22. Chapter: - 7
CHAPTER TITLE: - RIVETING
A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed, a rivet consists of a
smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite to the head is called the tail. On
installation, the rivet is placed in a punched or drilled hole, and the tail is upset, or bucked (i.e.,
deformed), so that it expands to about 1.5 times the original shaft diameter, holding the rivet in
place. In other words, the pounding or pulling creates a new "head" on the tail end by smashing the
"tail" material flatter, resulting in a rivet that is roughly a dumbbell shape.
RIVETING

23. Chapter: - 8
CHAPTER TITLE: - ASSEMBLY
An assembly line is a manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product
in a sequential manner to create an end product. In most cases, a manufacturing assembly line is a
semi-automated system through which a product moves. At each station along the line some part of
the production process takes place. The workers and machinery used to produce the item are
stationary along the line and the product moves through the cycle, from start to finish.
Assembly line methods were originally introduced to increase factory productivity and efficiency.
Advances in assembly line methods are made regularly as new and more efficient ways of
achieving the goal of increased throughput (the number of products produced in a given period of
time) are found. While assembly line methods apply primarily to manufacturing processes, business
experts have also been known to apply these principles to other areas of business, from product
development to management.
VARIATIONS IN ASSEMBLY LINE
⮚ Modular Assembly— This is an advanced assembly line method that is designed to
improve throughput by increasing the efficiency of parallel sub assembly lines feeding into the
final assembly line. As applied to automobile manufacturing, modular assembly would involve
assembling separate modules—chassis, interior, body—on their own assembly lines, then
joining them together on a final assembly line.
⮚ Cell Manufacturing— This production method has evolved out of increased ability of
machines to perform multiple tasks. Cell operators can handle three or four tasks, and robots
are used for such operations as materials handling and welding. Cells of machines can be run
by one operator or a multi-person work cell. In these machine cells it is possible to link older

24. machines with newer ones, thus reducing the amount of investment required for new
machinery.
⮚ Team Production— Team-oriented production is another development in assembly line
methods. Where workers used to work at one- or two-person work stations and perform
repetitive tasks, now teams of workers can follow a job down the assembly line through its
final quality checks. The team production approach has been hailed by supporters as one that
creates greater worker involvement in the manufacturing process and knowledge of the
system.
⮚ U-shaped assembly "line"— A line may not be the most efficient shape in which to
organize an assembly line. On a U-shaped line, or curve, workers are collected on the inside
of the curve and communication is easier than along the length of a straight line. Assemblers
can see each process; what is coming and how fast; and one person can perform multiple
operations. Also, workstations along the "line" are able to produce multiple product designs
simultaneously, making the facility as a whole more flexible. Changeovers are easier in a
U-shaped line as well and, with better communication between workers, cross-training is also
simplified. The benefits of the U-shaped line have served to increase their use widely.

25. Chapter: - 9
CHAPTER TITLE: - TESTING
ENDURANCE TEST:-
MECHANICAL ENDURANCE TESTING
Electronics, automotive parts and other heavy-use items endure extreme stress levels daily through
repeated and prolonged use. When a product is subjected to this repeated stress, it can be prone to
failures even if it’s never reached its static stress limitations. Although calculating static mechanical
stress limits is useful, it fails to evaluate a product’s overall lifetime, as it can’t account for damage
stemming from prolonged use in different environmental conditions. Mechanical endurance testing
is thus needed to measure this damage over a product’s lifespan.
Mechanical endurance testing is used to determine whether a product can withstand the processing
load it’s expected to endure during heavy use over an extended period. Lab engineers observe
memory consumption and performance quality while the specimen undergoes simulated conditions
similar to the stresses it will encounter during use.
Different tests use physical forces such as vibrations, shock stresses and strains to establish the
product’s boundaries of use and prepare it for better quality control before it’s manufactured and
sold. These tests ensure that performance and reaction times are degraded no more than a
specified percentage over the course of testing.
MECHANICAL ENDURANCE TESTING WORK
Specimens are sent to a mechanical endurance testing lab, where engineers perform a variety of
quality control tests using gauges and other machinery. Different machines are used to test various
aspects of a product’s strength and endurance, and testing can be customized to meet individual
industry standards.
During testing, technicians observe a variety of factors that contribute to the parts or products

26. mechanical longevity. A combination of various testing methods ensures that nearly all aspects of
the product’s functionality are accounted for.
Some of the potential failure methods targeted through mechanical testing include:
● Adhesion and bond strength
● Flexural strength and fatigue
● Tensile strength and impact
● Flexibility
● Material toughness
● Functionality
● Flammability
● Mechanical wear and circuit shortages
● Memory and performance quality
● Overall durability
Testing can take days or weeks, depending on the type of product and methods used. After a
thorough analysis of the system’s reaction, results are shared with the manufacturer. Technicians
and manufacturers then work together to fix any outstanding issues before the product’s release.
BENEFITS OF MECHANICAL ENDURANCE TESTING
Many industries require mechanical endurance testing to ensure compliance with industry standards
and federal regulations. But even when testing isn’t required by law, it can still be vital to ensuring
product safety. Electronics and other materials that undergo extreme amounts of stress are
susceptible to overload, which could be dangerous to consumers’ health and well-being. Mechanical
endurance testing can prevent disastrous product failures, lawsuits and warranty expenses while
increasing brand loyalty and product quality over competitors.
Mechanical endurance testing helps you locate fundamental flaws in a product’s structure, which will
guide you as you improve the product’s quality before it’s placed on the market. This information is
vital to ensuring sustainability for its intended use. Locating your product’s weaknesses will also
make your designs more cost-effective while improving overall product excellence.

27. LOAD TEST:-
MECHANICAL LOAD TESTING
Mechanical load testing is used to identify whether a structure, component, part or product is
suitable for its intended use. Testing consists of monitoring how a test sample reacts when a static
or dynamic force is applied to it. There are numerous types of mechanical load testing, each used to
assess different properties of the test sample.
Load Testing Determinations
● Safe Working Load — Manufacturer’s recommended maximum load
● Yield Load — When a material shows signs of stress and degradation
● Failure Load — Complete material and/or mechanical failure
Mechanical Load Methods
● Static Testing — when a product is exposed to a constant load for a specified time. This
method applies tension at a uniform and slow rate.
● Dynamic Testing — when a component is exposed to a moving load. This method imparts
tension load rapidly by increasing the speed or by applying sudden spikes of stress.
● Cyclic Testing — when materials are subjected to a loading and unloading force for specified
conditions, cycles, and durations. Defined stresses may include varying load levels while
exposed to drastic temperature change.

28. Chapter: - 10
CHAPTER TITLE: - REWORK
Product rework is something no one wants to need but which every good supply chain must include.
This is because rework procedures are only needed if something has gone wrong and a
manufacturing error needs to be rectified before a product can move towards fulfillment. Since
errors can and will occur, rework and repair procedures are an important part of manufacturing
logistics and are part of how lean supply solutions aim to improve efficiency across operations.
REINTRODUCTION
Rework adds a level of undesirable variations to the supply chain both when taking products out of
repair and when trying to reintroduce them. In cases where reworks become a regular occurrence,
this can even drain away manpower as employees get specifically assigned to work on them. The
other additionally important matter is customer experience and has procedures in place that will
efficiently fulfill orders even in cases of rework delays.
REWORK PREVENTION
Errors are inevitable, but most are still avoidable. Part of manufacturing logistics is to reduce the
potential for flaws in production whether caused by human error, material defect, some quirk of the
production process, or other reason. This is where data-driven solutions can be a large help. Making
the most time- and cost-effective remedies requires getting a full understanding of the situation.
Accurate data on operator and employee behavior, inspection practices, and the nature of reworks
can be used to derive improvements and keep everything running smoothly.
PRODUCT INSPECTION AND TESTING
This falls under the category of manufacturing logistics and launching point for rework and repair

29. practices. Some products can be properly assessed by a visual inspection while others may need to
be physically tested. It is possible to arrange for 100% visual inspection but 100% testing cannot
always be feasible. In these situations, finding the happy medium between testing and speed will
play a large role in the rework procedures efficiency.

30. Chapter: - 11
CHAPTER TITLE: - FINALIZING THE PRODUCT
❖ Inspector Travels to the Factory
The first step involves the inspector traveling to the factory where your goods are
manufactured. They will have contacted the factory in advance to set a time and date
and ensure that it will be ready for the inspection. Upon arrival, the inspector will usually
meet with the sales manager in charge of your order before proceeding with the
inspection.
❖ Inspector Pulls the Sample
After the preliminaries, the inspector is now ready to pull the samples to be inspected
from your goods. They will most likely follow a statistical sampling procedure like
the AQL Sampling method to determine the number of pieces to examine in each batch/
carton.
To ensure a thorough pre-shipment inspection, your inspector will be guided by an
inspection checklist. This list tells them what to look out for during the inspection to
ensure the quality of your products. With the inspection checklist in hand, they will then
proceed to the third step.
❖ Conduct Special Tests
Some products may require special testing to determine quality, depending on their
functionality or unique attributes. For example, an electronic gadget might require an

31. hour to charge fully, and the inspector needs to confirm its charging ability. In many
cases, special tests can be time-consuming, so the inspector may start with these first.
❖ Check Packaging, Labeling
As mentioned, pre-shipment inspection occurs when 100% of your products have been
manufactured and they are about 80% packed. Unfortunately, even perfectly
manufactured goods can arrive damaged due to insufficient packaging.
Miss-labeling can get you in trouble with the authorities in your country, resulting in costly
delays. Therefore, your inspector must verify the packaging and labeling by confirming
carton size, weight, markings, number of items in each carton, and sealing methods.
They will also conduct a carton drop test and ensure barcodes are clear and legible.
❖ Visual Inspection of the Product
The inspector will then visually inspect the selected samples for obvious defects such as
missing screws or peeling paint. They will also be on the lookout for overall
workmanship. Any defects found can be classified as minor, major, or critical based on
the tolerance levels agreed upon beforehand.
❖ Functional Testing
Functional testing involves practically using the product to confirm that it works as it
should. For instance, if it is a dining table set, do the legs wobble or rock when you sit, or
is it stable and firm? If it is an alarm clock, does it go off at the set time? If it is a garment,
does the zipper work properly?

32. ❖ Check Physical Requirements
When you order a product from a factory in China, you will give them specifications for
height, weight, length, and other criteria. One role of the product inspector is to ensure
that the finished product meets these specifications. They may use tools such as tape
measures and calipers to confirm the actual measurements.
❖ Barcode Verification
Granted, the barcode is seemingly a tiny piece of the puzzle when it comes to shipping,
but it can cause significant delays and problems if inaccurate. When scanned, the
barcode should reveal the correct information about the product and its destination. As
such, it should be precisely placed on the box and legible. Similarly, it should be of good
print quality to withstand the rigors of international shipping and handling.
❖ Carton Drop Test
A carton drop test will tell your product inspector whether the packaging used is strong
enough to withstand dropping, piling, tearing, or rupturing during shipment. In most
cases, the inspector will rely on internationally accepted carton drop test protocols such
as ISTA 1A. Among other things, this protocol determines the height from which a carton
should be dropped and how many times.
❖ Finalize Inspection Report and Send
After completing the previous nine steps, the inspection company is now ready to issue a
report based on its findings. Among other things, it mentions each of the tests conducted
and their results. It also includes photos of any defects or areas of concern.

33. The report gives the shipment a pass, fail, or hold result, which will help you decide
whether to accept or reject the shipment. It will also help you determine the next steps,
and in some cases, you may require the factory to rework a percentage of the products.
A pre-shipment inspection is a powerful tool that can help you ensure the shipment of
high-quality goods that not only meet your requirements but your customer’s
expectations as well. If you would like more information about our pre-shipment
inspection services, please don’t hesitate to reach out to us to discuss your needs.

34. Chapter: - 12
CHAPTER TITLE: - PACKAGING AND DISPATCH
❖ Finished Goods Packing: As per item code the finished Goods (FG) barcode Label is printed
and applied on finished goods packaging. The primary purpose of packaging is to protect its
contents from any damage that could happen during transport, handling and storage. Packaging
retains the product intact throughout its logistics chain from manufacturer to the end user. It protects
the product from humidity, light, heat and other external factors.
❖ Finished Goods Warehouse: The FG barcode label & location barcode is scanned to update
the FG inventory in ERP. A finished goods warehouse is a space designed to store products that
have come off the production lines and are ready to be sold or distributed. There’s no point in
optimizing management of raw materials and production processes if, in the end, the finished goods
warehouse lacks efficiency.
❖ Dispatch of FG Material:
Process-
✔ Authorized person from the Head office shall inform the warehouse person for dispatch of
finished goods with daily dispatch instruction.
✔ Dispatch reports shall be prepared by the warehouse person daily.
✔ Finished goods shall be dispatched as per allocation given by Head office, the draft copy of
challan / invoice prepared on plain paper and same shall be checked by finished goods
warehouse officer.
✔ After checking draft copy of challan / invoice’ and find all the details are correct then final
copy of challan / invoice shall be taken on four copies printed continue sheet and duly signed
by warehouse officer.
✔ Before loading the Finished Goods in the vehicle warehouse department must take line
clearance from the QA.
✔ Goods shall be loaded in the vehicle under the supervision of the warehouse department and

35. in the presence of security person QA.
✔ The protection of the goods shall be covered properly ensuring stacking of shippers.
✔ The time of removal is noted on every invoice & copies of the same shall be distributed to the
concerned department.
✔ Finished goods shall be transported in such a way that storage conditions shall be
maintained as per the requirement of the product.

36. PROJECT DETAILS
Student Details
Student Name ABHISHEK PATHAK
Roll No. 19021254003
Email Address pratap.surya.2620@gmail.co
m
Mobile No. 8595898325
Project Details
Project Title ASSEMBLY & REWORK
Project Duration 6 months Date of
reporting
24 october2021
Organization Details
Organization Name TECHNOTRENDZ SOLUTIONS PVT. LTD.
Full postal address
with pin code
Plot no. 126, sec 58, behind JCB, Haryana
121003
Website address www.technotrendz.co.in
Supervisor Details

37. Internal Guide Details
Faculty Name
Full contact
address with pin
code
B.VOC Manufacturing YMCA University of Science and
Technology, Faridabad, 121006