Fisheries Information Systems - James Hunt, Tweed Foundation
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This document discusses the use of geographic information systems (GIS) in fisheries management in Scotland at both the local and national level over the past 17 years. It provides examples of how GIS has been used to model salmon capture probability from electrofishing data, classify river fish habitats, track radio-tagged fish, calculate habitat areas, and inventory habitat improvement sites. The document also highlights examples of GIS applications by the Tweed Foundation to analyze road crossings, inventory obstacles impacting fish passage, and assess changes in habitat access over 120 years.
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Fisheries Information Systems - James Hunt, Tweed Foundation
- 1. Fisheries Information Systems : a local and national approach to using GIS in Scotland
- 2. Changes over 17 years The GIS โconceptโ Data availability One Scotland Mapping Agreement Software evolution GIS
- 4. National perspective Modelling capture probability of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from a diverse national electrofishing dataset: Implications for the estimation of abundance River Fish Classification tool : science work SE web
- 6. Electro -fishing Obstacle sites Habitat surveys Goosander counts Habitat improvement s ites Water quality sites Stocking sites Abstraction points Land ownership / fishing rights Pollution points Redd locations River engineering works Invasive species Radio tracking data Collect Check Integrate Analyse Report MAP ENVIRONMENTDATABASE Spatial analysis : Area calculation Intersection Buffer areas Distance calculations Images Tables Standardi sed reports
- 7. Tweed Foundation examples Habitat improvement inventory Stream bed area calculations Other fish species Goosander counts
- 8. How many road crossings ?How many road crossings ? 2560 road crossings
- 9. The importance of small burnsThe importance of small burns
- 11. All obstacles 245 km of tributaries and smaller watercourses
- 12. 142 obstacles - 127 terminal. 15 potential problem at particular water height
- 13. Access for spawning 120 years ago Lower LeaderLower Leader Lower GalaLower Gala Kale, Jed and Oxnam Kale, Jed and Oxnam Ale WaterAle Water Lower WhiteadderLower Whiteadder 47% partially blocked + 31% totally blocked
Editor's Notes
- I have my two hats on today, representing the local perspective of the Tweed Foundation and the national view as chairman of the sfcc. I would like to use the word localism, but can I mention nationalism? SFCC constitution a) provides a mechanism for local fisheries managers and biologists to standardise data collection, b) promotes the development of specialist software in a cost-effective way, c) co-ordinates and disseminates spatial data relevant to the freshwater environment in a way that can assist informed discussion and decision making, I have always liked the โFISโ rather โGISโ acronym, but perhaps FIS and FISH are confusing? I started at The Tweed Foundation in 1998, I think we can say a lot has happened in 18 years in regard to GIS. Somewhat depressing, but opportunity to reflect on the positive changes that have taken place over this period. It is now a maturing technology
- Software evolution โ has been enormous. I think we can now say that the ArcGis Pro and the latest versions of ArcMap are realising the potential of GIS. More intuitive, faster and stable. We have to say that part of evolution includes the charitable discount from ESRI Data availability. Around 10 years ago SFCC tried to secure access to OS data as part of OSMA but turned down. Rivers Trust showed that with enough โpersuasionโ, this view can be changed. Scottish Government have now confirmed SFCC can become part of the OSMA GIS concept has changed. If you were to ask someone 17 years ago moved from map presentation and analysis. Today you would include the online / cloud concept, apps, sharing, standards and even story telling GIS competency โ mixed view. We can be slightly positive in thinking that there was almost no GIS competency in the SFCC network 18 years ago. Most Trust have now attended a course. Most users want data and functionality on a plate, using GIS on an occasional basis for making maps We therefore have reason to be rather positive about GIS use in fisheries. The challenge is being able to utlise GIS potential and to not be too far behind the curve
- This is the national perspective. Three or four members that are regular users. Data management on the Tweed, web mapping on the Forth, habitat surveying on the Dee and studying channel movements on the Clyde. Suspect it mirrors the RT landscape to some degree
- If we stick with the national perspective, there are a number of projects that utilise GIS analytical capabilities to derive catchment scale variables. Bread and butter of GIS Marine Scotland project โ one of the most important national data projects to have taken place in Scotland. This is to model explanatory variables that influence densities of juvenile Salmon and Trout. Predictions of Salmon or Trout numbers can then be compared to observed. 2837 samples altitude, upstream catchment area, distance to sea, gradient, channel width and landuse. Landuse and channel width were obtained from the UK Ordnance Survey MasterMap dataset. Land use indicated the proportional coverage of four land use groupings: marsh, urban area, woodland, and other (primarily a mix of agricultural land and moorland). SEPA Carried out a similar project with a greater range of variables, using a different modelling approach SE WEB Draws together environmental data throughout Scotland into one place. I shall say no more. There is also the beaver project and temperature network which used GIS for site selection
- Local perspective. What GIS should be about โ using capabilities that are specific to your requirements
- Slightly dated diagram
- GENERAL Welcome to the constellation of Tweed road crossings Perhaps the best example of GIS use by the Tweed is the obstruction database This map is filtered to show 2560 road crossings for all widths of river Not just owned by council. Also forestry commission, farmers, housing Most of these arenโt obstacles to fish migration. Forgotten about by WFD GIS With so many potential obstacles, a catchment approach is required It is therefore underpinned by GIS technology, which is the optimum (and only) way for storing information for instant retrieval, display, analysis and reporting The database enables us to store data from a variety of sources going back several hundred years, from a range of sources. It also enables us to record history of Obstacles It also requires a range of different people to collect the data including water bailiffs, habitat surveyors and Trout club members
- Obviously water, but these areas have literally been forgotten These streams generally do not support large Trout (no trophies), but are the nursery areas for them โ They then migrate to the main river. It is often surprising how may fish area held in these small streams 3)4) Contrasting habitat quality โ but they both support Trout. Better to have some trout in a burn โ even though less that it should be No point improving habitat if fish canโt get to them
- All of this was done before data collection apps were a concept Some guilty parties The first part of the obstacle course 3386 photos Most bridges have aprons. Unfortunately, it is the smallest streams that seem to have the largest ones Some may be a problem only at specific water heights. But fish need sufficient depth to make the jump
- 245 km of tributaries and smaller watercourses
- For the area of the catchment that has been surveyed โฆ Terminal, potential problem obstacle are retrieved from the database, categorised and areas upstream calculated. 142 obstacles - 127 terminal. 15 potential problem at particular water height These look like very small areas on such a large map. Some of them may be inconsequential, but the loss of 1 km here and there can soon add up โฆ 114 km of watercourse
- 1552 km2 total block / 5070 = 31% Whiteadder โ โRTC (1895)Assumed to be this cauld that it refers to. ""Sea Trout only""" Leader โ โ(1895)The new Drygrange House was completed. A hydro-power generating system was built for this house, based on a dam across the Leader at Drygrange. Local information is that this dam was a complete block to Salmon. โ Gala โโ1895. Not specifically mentioned, but "โฆ mileage does not include tributaries which Salmon, Grilse, and Sea Trout very seldom ascend viz : the Leet, Slitrig, Leader and Gala โฆ" Ale โ Kale, Jed and Oxnam โ โ1896. Below Denholm cauld the fish are unable to get up two other important tributaries, the Jed and the Oxnam waters, while sea-trout only get freely up two, the Kale and the Ale waters. Coming back to the Tweed, the fish do not get up either the Leader or the Gala, โEvidence of Mr James Burnett : 2390 km2 partial access TOTAL 3942 km2 47+31= 78% partially or totally blocked Spawning was therefore largely restricted to the main channel of the Tweed All of these obstructions have been removed or eased by the Tweed Commission or Tweed Foundation and this is therefore a major success story and an example of the importance of local management These sort of things are the bread and butter of
- The future of FIS in Scotland? Other than making maps that look like fish Behind the curve. The goal posts will continue to move, but we need to deal with this The online concept for the SFCC has a lot of mileage, through the sharing of data and web mapping concept. The data app is yet to fulfilled GIS โon a plateโ for members appears. From an SFCC / national perspective, the way forward is through the online concept. This means links to data stored online to allow data to be updated and GIS projects with premade catchment maps. There wonโt ever be a utopian state of expert users, but perhaps a small number. Communication We will continue to improve the way we communicate to our audience, through maps. 3d, story telling. The challenge of conveying the findings of science will always be a challenge WFR., the ever present wild fisheries strategy with the importance of Standards, data sharing and integration, SFCC is well placed to promote this through promoting GIS usage.