herbal preparations from UMST students

1. University of Medical Science
and Technology
Faculty of Pharmacy
Graduate college
M.Sc. of Pharmaceutical Analysis And Quality Control
Batch (9)
Subject: QC of herbal preparations
Presentation: Lab report of Acacia Nilotica
Prepared by
Mohamed Hersi Farah
Modether aldow
Ahmed Khalifa Alawad
Under the supervision of
Dr. Itmad A. Elhassn
27th of January 2020
1

3. To obtain:
To describe the acacia Nilotica tree.
To describe the chemical and physical
constituents of acacia Nilotica
To describe the traditional uses and modern
uses of acacia Nilotica
To compare the experimental values
constituents of acacia Nilotica to standard
values

4. Introduction
Acacia Nilotica is a pioneer species, relatively
high in bioactive secondary compound and are
important for a variety of functions is
economically used as a source of tannins, gums,
timber, fuel and fodder.
Names:
General Name Acacia Nilotica
English Name Tomentosa Babool
Botanical name Acacia Nilotica, Vachellia Nilotica,
Acacia Arabica
Sudan Name ‫قرض‬

5. Plant Description
Acacia Nilotica is a
tree
It is perennial
It grows in tropical
climate
It grows up to 20M
Best used for Diabetes,
wounds

6. Acacia Nilotica Seeds
Seeds deep blackish-brown, smooth, sub-
circular, compressed, areole 6–7 mm long, 4.5–5
mm wide. Seed weight ranges from 5,000–
16,000 seed/kg. Subsp. nilotica is characterized
by glabrous pods and twigs.

8. Chemical Constituents
Acacia Nilotica contain: l-arabinose,
catechol, galactan, galactoaraban, galactose,
N-acetyldjenkolic acid, sulphoxides pentosan,
saponin, tannin.
Seeds contain: crude protein 18.6%, ether
extract 4.4%, fiber 10.1%, nitrogen-free
extract 61.2%, ash 5.7%, and silica 0.44%.
Phosphorus 0.29% and calcium 0.90% of DM.

9. Traditional Uses of Acacia Nilotica
In traditional medicine, Acacia Nilotica is
widely used. This plant has anti-microbial,
anti-plasmodial and antioxidant activity and
used for treatment of human immunodeficiency
virus, hepatitis C virus and cancer. It is useful
for treatment of venereal diseases, nausea,
burns and wounds, stomachache and diarrhea.

10. Modern Medical Uses of Acacia
Nilotica
The herb acacia Nilotica has found many uses as
medical herb. It can be used internally or as a
preparation that can be applied externally.

11. Foreign matter determination
Foreign matter is material consisting of any of
the followings:
Part of the medical plant material.
Any organism, part or product of an organism.
Mineral and mixtures not adhering to the
medicinal plant material.

12. Terminologies:
 Moisture content is taken to be the loss in
weight, expressed as a percentage of the
weight of the original sample, which the
product undergoes under the specified
conditions.
 Ash is the inorganic residue remaining after
the water and organic matter have been
removed by heating in the presence of
oxidizing agent, which provides a measure of
the total amount of minerals within a given
material.

13. Specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a
specific volume to the weight of an equal
volume of water at a specific temperature.
The optical rotation is the angle through
which the plane of polarizion is rotated when
polarized light passes through a layer of a
liquid.
Foreign matter is defined as any kind of
outside contaminant introduced to a food
product at any point in its production or
distribution.

14. phytochemical screening is a process of
tracing pant secondary metabolites which are
chemicals produced by plants for which n role
has yet been found in growth, photosynthesis,
reproduction or other primary function.
Tannins are a class of astringent, polyphenolic
biomolecules that bind to and precipitate
proteins and various other organic compounds
including amino acids and alkaloids.

15. Determination of extractable
matter:
This method determines the amount of active
constituents extracted with solvents from a given
amount of herbal material. It is employed for
materials for which as yet no suitable chemical
or biological assay exists.

16. Experimental Results:
Parameters Experimental
Value
Standard
Value
Comments
Moisture content 7.4% 6.67%±0.12 Moisture content
is slightly higher
Extractable
matter hot
water
45% ……. Hot water more
extractable cold
water
Cold maceration
matter cold
water
43.5% ……. Cold water less
extractable hot
water
Cold maceration
cold ethanol
47.47% 50% Aqueous ethanol
more extractable
than water
Ash Content 4.34% 2.9%±0.10 higher than the
standard value
Tannin content 27.5% 25% Tannins content

17. Experimental Results of
phytochemical screening of acacia
nilotica seedsNo Test Results Observed Literature Review
1 Alkaloids Not Present Not Present
2 Saponins Present Present
3 Tannins Present Present
4 Anthraquinones Not Present Not Present
5 Glycosides Present Present
6 Furanochromone Present Present

18. Result discussion
There is no Turbidity or precipitate so this indicates
that no Alkoloids are present.

19. Result discussion cont…..
Test for Tannins
Ferric chloride test:
The appearance of bluish black
coloration indicates the
presence of Tannins.
Lead acetate test:
The formation of precipitate
indicates presence of Tannins.

20. Result discussion cont…..
Test for saponins
Formation of honey comb persist for more than 30min
indicates presence of Saponins

21. Result discussion cont…..
Test for anthraquinones (Borntragers test)
There is no rose pink or cherry red color indicates the absence of
anthraquinones.

22. Result discussion cont…..
Extract 1 (keller killiani test)
The conjugation between to layers
indicates presence of cardiac
glycosides
Extract II (kedd’s test)
The color formed indicates the
presence of glycosides
Test for cardiac glycoside

23. Result discussion cont…..
Test for bitter principles (furanochromone): khellin
Development of rose red color indicates the presence of
furanochromone.

24. Conclusion and Discussion
 The determination of physical parameters of acacia
nilotica seeds like moisture content, ash content, extract
value.
 The moisture content of the seed which was high slighter
than the standard value which may affect the shelf life of
the seed.
 The major minerals play role in controlling the osmatic and
acid base balance of the body fluid. And this higher result in
minerals may due different in environmental condition in
which they where grown.
 The extractable cold ethanol is higher than water
 Also determined the chemical parameters of acacia
nilotica like phytochemical screening (Alkaloids, saponins,
tannins, anthrauinones, and furanochromone).
 Alkaloids and Anthraquinone not present while saponins,
tannins and furanochromone area present

25. Reference
WHO, quality control for herbal materials, WHO
Library 1998.
H. Panda,The Complete Technology Book on
Herbal Beauty Products with Formulations and
Processes, 2005.
M. M.Ndamitso1*, S.Mustapha1, M. B.Etsuyankpa2, A. I. Ajai1
and J. T. Mathew1, EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION OF Acacia Niloticaseeds, Department of
Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria,
2017.