Poaceae or Gramineae is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass

1. Poaceae
(GRAMINAE)
AVENA SATIVA (Oat_ jai)
Sarfraz Ahmed .
Govt. Post Graduate College Chishtian

2. Habitat:
Herb:
 Non-cultivated
 non-woody stem.
 Which can be easily
broken.
 It’s height is about in between
1 to 2 feet. E.g. wheat, rice,
maize etc.

3. Poaceae
• Shrub:
– Woody stem
– height is about 3-4 feet
– Bush like appearance.
• Tree:
• Woody stem which is hard and can’t easily broke
it
• large in size. E.g. bamboo

4. Annual:
• Annual:
–Those plant which can live
in one years to complete its
life cycle in one year either
seed germination and
flowering. E.g. wheat,
maize etc.

5. Slide Title
Biennial:
Those plant which can
complete its life cycle in
two years.
Perennial:
Those plant which can complete its life cycle in
more than
two years. E.g. bamboo

6. Roots:
Adventitious root:
Those root which arise from
parts other than radical.
Fibrous roots.
Also adventitious root which are
slender like structure and sharply
branched. E.g. Zea mays

7. Stem:
Erect: It mean stem grow upright in position.
E.g. wheat
Cylindrical: Straight and round ( circular in
transverse section). E.g. Bamboo
Node and internodes: Extension at some points
of stem which is repeated regularly from which
leaf arises.
Internode is the structure present in between two
consecutive node. E.g. Sugar cane

8. • Fistular: Hollow internodes. E.g. Bamboo
• Glabrous: Surface is smooth and having no
hair.

9. Leaf:
Simple: In which parallel
venation is present.
Sessile: Petiole is absent.
Exstipulate: Stipule absent.
Alternate: when leaf arise
alternatively from single node.

10. • Ligulate: Ligule is present.
• Parallel venation: Such arrangement
of vein on
midrib of leaf that further veinlet are
not developed.
• Leaf base sheathing: A structure at the
base of a
leaf petiole that partly surrounds or
protect the
stem.

11. Inflorescence:
• Spikelet inflorescence is found in poaceae.
• Each spikelet consist of two perfect and one
terminal imperfect
• flower enclosed by two glumes.

12. Flower:
• Sessile: Pedicel is absent.
• Bracteates: Bract is present.
• Incomplete: If one or more floral leaves is
missing.
• Zygomorphic: Flower can be divided into
equal halves in one Plane only.
• Bisexual: When both stamen and carpel
present on plant.
• Hypogynous: In which ovary is superior.

13. Perianth:
• Combination of calyx and
corolla is called Perianth.
• Two minute lodicule borne
below the reproductive part
of flower.

14. Slide Title
• Androecium:
3 stamen
Polyandrous
Anther versatile
Inferior
Gynoecium:
Monocarpellary
Ovary superior
Basal placentation
Unilocular

15. Floral Formula:
Floral Diagram:

16. Economic importance:
• Food:
Triticum aestivum(wheat),
• Oryza sativa(rice),
• Zea mays (Maize),
• Sorghum vulgare (Jowar),
• Avena sativa (Oats),
• Sugar:
• Saccharum officinarum (Sugarcane; H. Ganna) is
cultivated for gur and sugar.

17. • Building material:
Some species of Bambusa e.g. B. tulda, B. vulgaris are
used for
scaffolding, thatching huts etc.
• Furniture:
Species of Dendrocalamus (H. Bent), Arundinaria,
Melocalamus
are used in manufacture of furniture.
• Paper:
It is manufactured from certain species of grasses and
bamboos.

18. • Medicinal:
Phragmites karka, Cymbopogon schoenanthus etc. are medicinal.
Secale cereale is cultivated for extraction of ergotine. Ergotine is
an excellent remedy for uterine contraction.
• Ornamental:
Rhynchelytrum repens, Cortaderia selloana and some species of
the tribe Bambusoideae are ornamentals.
Besides these a number of grasses are grown to form fine lawns,
play grounds etc.

19. Important members:
• Triticum aestivum (wheat)
• Oryza sativa (rice)
• Hordeum vulgare (barely)
• Zea mays (maize)
• Sorghum vulgare (jowar)