Green Sea Turtle Status

Green Sea Turtle Status
Green Sea Turtle:
Status: endangered
Scientific name: Chelonia mydas
Type: Reptile
Description/background– reptiles
Size– 4 ft (1.2 m)
Weight– 475 lbs (215 kg)
Population estimate– 85,000 and 90,000 nesting females
left as of 2004 but as of 2015 there is only 1,000 nesting females left
Lifespan– easily 100 plus years if not seen as a predator and is clear
of any disease
Range– found in all tropical waters in the world
Habitat– Mature turtles usually are in shallow coastal waters around
seagrass beds

Food– adults are herbivores they eat algae and seagrasses, younger ones are omnivores and they eat plants and
insects and worms
Offspring– they nest every 2–4 years 3–5 times everytime, lays at least 115 eggs which grow underground for 60 days
Captivity– Sea ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hawksbill Sea Turtle:
Scientific Name: Eretmochelys Imbricata
Status: The hawksbill sea turtle is critically endangered from people around the world taking the "tortoise
shell" during their harvesting time and using them for jewelry, hair
pieces, and other decorating items.
Type: Reptile
Diet: Carnivore; Examples: Reef, mollusks, marine algae,
crustaceans, sea urchins, fish, and jelly
Size: 24 – 45 inches (62.5 – 114 cm.)
Weight: 100 – 150 pounds
Population: 20,000–23,000 nesting females
Lifespan: 30–50 years
Range: Tropical Waters in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans,
avoid deep waters, like coastlines with sponges and sandy nesting

sites
Habitat: Tropical Coral Reef
Behavior: Spend time resting or sleeping in coral or rock ledges
Offspring: Females return to their native beaches every 2–4 years during the months of July–November.
They nest 3–6 times each season and lays about 160 eggs in each nest. The eggs incubate for about 60
days.
Captivity:Sea turtles are very easy to adjust to new environments when taken into captivity and do not go
through very much stress during the process. In certain cases sea turtles are either taken into captivity
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Pros And Cons Of Overfishing
Chai Lin
Ms Signorino
LA 11
20 April 2016
Fresh Fish Forever Fish have been one of mankind's greatest resource throughout history. They have been sustenance to civilizations in the most
extreme climates. But now they are being overfished. There are pros and cons of overfishing. Some pros include more jobs, healthier food, and it
provides food for the world. Overfishing should be stopped because the fishing methods that companies use can be very destructive to aquatic
ecosystems, they can disrupt balances in the food chain and can lead to the exploitation of non fishing zones/areas, and it can cause overpopulation of
other species. Stop overfish and regulate commercial fishing.
Critics of regulating fishing would say that overfishing creates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When predatory fish are gone, the population of the fish that they used to eat will grow. Then the fish themselves can cause another fish species to
go extinct by eating all of them. Then their population will fall as well because they won't have any food source. An example of this is when
Harelip Sucker went extinct. The Harelip Sucker was a snail eating fish that lived in the Ohio River over a hundred years ago. The snails were
killed off by topsoil and the Harelip Sucker went extinct (Ohio.gov). The third reason why I believe my claim is because it can lead to the
exploitation of non fishing zones/areas. Fishing companies will try to move to non fishing areas because they need to meet their fishing quota and
other fishing areas have been overfished. This is called illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. IUU fishing accounts for an estimate of
about 40 percent of all fish caught in West Africa, and is also the highest level in the world. The reason they are able to fish in the areas is because
they have no reason to fear any checks by fisheries

Management Plan For Salmon 's Alaskan And North Pacific...
BSC3052 – Conservation Biology
Management Plan for Salmon in Alaskan & North Pacific Ecosystems
It comes as no surprise that salmon are one of the most sought after species of fish in the world for human consumption. Because of this, heavy
industry and markets have had a critical influence on the salmon populations. Seventeen strains of Pacific salmon are currently listed as threatened or
endangered. Due to their extreme demand, many problems have resulted for the species as a whole, from hindrances in their reproduction patterns by
modifications in their environment (dams and river modifications) to detrimental conservation efforts (where hatchery salmon were reintroduced
causing "genetic and behavioral dilution"), there are a plethora ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By 2008, that figure had jumped to 5 billion. Because of the huge presence of hatchery salmon in wild, the result is when hatchery–bred fish return as
adults and interbreed with wild salmon, they produce offspring that are less hardy than their purely wild counterparts. Arguably the existence of
hatcheries is directly responsible for offsetting the salmon species composition of the entire North Pacific. Economically, while fisheries immediately
can be seen as generating a huge profit, extended dependence and exploitation of fisheries can be incredibly distressing. In an effort to maximize the
yield of salmon, hatcheries are failing to see the ocean is an exhaustible resource. The North Pacific Ocean is, at an alarming rate, nearing the limit of its
salmon–carrying capacity. (Peterson, 2008) Because hatchery salmon are both outcompeting wild populations of salmon and simultaneously causing
genetic dilution by mating with wild populations, the fish that are being caught by fisherman, at an alarming rate, are far less in quality than their wild
counterparts. The reason why? Wild populations often possess resistance to the parasites and diseases of their native streams that are not found in the
foreign hatchery salmon. In addition, the "decreasing quality" of salmon also negatively influences recreational activities such as sport fishing, a
valuable component of both the Alaskan economy and the economies of the pacific north–west. Millions

Fraser River Sockeye Salmon : An Analytical Literature Review
Fraser River Sockeye Salmon in Decline: An Analytical Literature Review
Lauren M. Howell 26095133
University of British Columbia
Author Note
Lauren M. Howell, Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph
Lauren M. Howell, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Lauren Howell, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4
Contact: Lauren@adbizstudio.com
Fraser River Sockeye Salmon in Decline: An Analytical Literature Review
The Fraser River, beginning at Fraser Pass in the Rocky Mountains; making its way into the Straight of Georgia in Vancouver, is considered to be the
largest ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The replacement level, described as the ratio of returning progeny per adult spawner, was not reached and the industry was forced to close for a third
consecutive year. This shut out was attributed to a wide range of factors including: environmental changes along the river and in the marine
environment, as well as fisheries management practices. Incredibly, 2010 saw a profound rebound with an estimated 34 million returns, indicating
resilience of this species but also giving rise to many unanswered questions in explanation (Cohen, 2010).
Even though fish harvesting had declined, fish stocks were still plummeting; people wanted answers, and in 2009, a Canadian federal judicial inquiry
was launched to investigate fisheries management practices, as carried out by Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) by means of the Cohen
Commission (Casselman, 2011; Miller et al., 2011). The focus of the mandate was to identify the causes of the decline in the Fraser River sockeye, and
to develop recommendations for improving the future sustainability of the fishery.
Since the seminal release of Dr. Pearse's 1982 study of Canada's Pacific fishery, hundreds of recommendations through mandates, as well as scientific
research, have been put forth with the goal of shedding light on this paramount issue. A study published in Science carried out by Kristina M. Miller et
al. in 2011 is no exception.
A Quick Look at the Research

A functional genomics study conducted by Miller

The Euphotic Zone
When people go to a tropical place, many of them see beautiful animals swimming at the surface of the water. What many people don't know is that
they are swimming in the most populated zone in the ocean. Because most people have not heard of the sunlight zone, they should read about the
history of the organisms, plants, and animals that live in the sunlight zone. The sunlight zone is called four different types of names. In scientific
terms, it is called the Euphotic zone and the Epipelagic zone. The typical name for this zone is the sunlight zone and the sunlit zone. The sunlight zone
is the first zone out of five different zones. It also the smallest out of the five, in terms of volume, measured at 200 meters deep. When diving deeper
into... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Photosynthesis occurs in the first 660 feet of the sunlight zone that's why most of the marine mammals live in the first 600 feet of the sunlight zone.
Most of the animals need sunlight to live and the sunlight zone provides that. There are many different types of marine mammals that live in the
sunlight zone the most common ones are, Angelfish ( Brightly colored fish, lives in shallow warm waters), Angel shark ( Harmless shark, bottom
dweller), Beluga whale ( Small and white, lives in cold Arctic Waters), Blowfish ( Poisonous fish, can swallow water double its size, also called puffer
fish, globefish, and fugu), Blue–ringed octopus ( A very small venomous octopus, safe and warm reefs), Bottlenose dolphin ( Small dolphin, bottom
dweller), Copepod ( Live in fresh and saltwater), Cuttlefish ( Very short legs, has a fin along the entire mantle, has an internal cuttlebone), Elephant
seal ( A huge seal, lives in Pacific Ocean), Brittle star ( Has long spiny arms, bottom dweller), Horseshoe crab ( Hard shelled animal, lives and warm
waters), Thresher shark ( Tail and fin greatly and Lodge its upper lobe), Whelk ( Spiral shell), and Zebra bullhead shark ( Bottom dweller, zebra like
stripes). There are many more animals to be discovered that help the sunlight zone and the environment. (Sunlit Ocean (Euphotic) Zone Animal
Printout,

A Fugitive Indians Analysis
Alma stood frozen in fear despite the hot blood still pounding through her veins. When she heard Boomer whine, she rushed to pull on the strange
leather pants that one of the Indians had given Gabe at their camp. Then she rolled and stored the petticoat and skirt as she took out her rifle. Still
shaking, she checked to make sure the gun was ready to fire. And waited.
She looked toward the river when she heard a big splash, thought she saw the flash of silver from the fish that had jumped out. It meant the bugs were
now over the water and ready to light and the fish was just too eager to wait. If they were still on the boat, she would be rushing to finish the meal to
serve the men as they slid into some spot to tie up for the night.
Before, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mother had hinted that Pa wasn't the man who fathered her. That meant Ma had jumped right into fooling around, as soon as she was of age, like
Corinne and Nadine. Alma had always told herself that she was different than the other Daniels. Truth was, she was probably the most lustful of them
all. All Gabe had to do was rub up against her and she was ready for him.
God had seen her sinful nature and now the man she loved more than life itself was gone. Could she ever forgive herself if he didn't come back?
Alma strangled her fears, stopped the interior rant. He had told her to get dressed and stay ready. Okay, she had done that. He was coming back, she
had to believe that. His silly notions had nothing to do with reality. She wanted and needed him to come back and he would. Falling to her knees on
the trail, Alma began to pray. When she stood up, she caught the reins to the mule and summoned Boomer to heel. Without waiting, she hurried
forward along the trail, looking for a place to camp that would be easy to defend.

Atlantic Salmon
Reading Questions #2:
1. Griffiths and Armstrong used a variety of different sources when explaining the significance of the study they wanted to attempt. They based their
study off of the Hamilton model of social behaviour and its evolution, this models states that an individual is able to aid in their own fitness through the
general fitness of the population, this occurs when an individual is less aggressive and attempts to support it's relatives. As well it was found that
individuals that are related to one another tend to be closely associated. When looking at the Atlanticsalmon it was discovered that they use a chemical
to recognize and aggregate with their kin. Many laboratory tests were conducted similar to the one Griffiths and Armstrong ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The main results found in this experiment can be summed up in the 4 figures provided. Figure 1 looks at the time spent in each feeding area by the
Atlantic salmon. It shows that a large portion of time was spent in patch two (which was the area in which most of the food was supplied). It also
shows that there was a significant difference in the interactions between related and unrelated fish (higher for related species). Figure 2 analyzes the
amount of food consumed by the larger more dominant fish. It showed that the amount of food that was ingested varied considerably by the
dominance of each fish, this value also increased as the experiment continued. It was also noted that the fish that were related seemed to evenly
distribute the food among them where as there was a more uneven distribution between related and unrelated fish. As well Figure 2 looks at the way
the fish forage for their food. Figure 3a looks at time spent but the subordinate fish in the more abundant feeding areas and their movements suggested
that the presence of the more dominant fish restricted them. Figure 3b looks at their movement and foraging behaviours after the removal of the
dominant fish. This lead to a significant increase in the amount of food the smaller fish were consuming as well they were foraging more beneficially
once the dominant fish were removed. Figure 4a and 4b compare time spent and the number of larvae consumed when the dominant fish were both
present and absent. It was

Environmental History Of The Oceans And Seas
Environmental history of the oceans and seas are daunting topics, either because of the vastness of the oceans and seas, the artificial boundaries, or
their seemingly changelessness. Until about 1990, with Arthur McEvoy's The Fisherman's Problem: Ecology and the Law in California Fisheries,
1850–1980, historians largely ignored marine ecosystems as areas of research. Focusing instead on inland fisheries, environmental historians have still
had to be "exhorted... to embrace this opportunity" of expanding the discourse of human impacts on marine environments. Scientists, anthropologists,
archeologists, and historical ecologists have thus far dominated the production of knowledge concerning historical and current marine ecosystems. In ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through a compilation of scholars, Human Impacts on Ancient Marine Ecosystems attempts to show how human disturbance of marine ecosystems in
ancient populations. Ranging from Caribbean, North American Pacific, North Atlantic, and Mediterranean, Human Impacts examines archeological
and historical ecological data and case studies from "around the world to summarize the history of human coastal occupation, environmental change,
and human impacts in their area." Similarly, in Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems, Jeremy Jackson et al. highlights
through paleoecological, archeological, and historical data that aboriginals extensively fished coastal ecosystems, resulting in damaged ecosystems.
Through the use of archeological and historical data, these scholars challenge the "supposedly superior ecological wisdom of non–Western and
precolonial societies." These scholars highlight the damages and exploitation of early human societies on marine ecosystems. However, the data
surrounding aboriginal impacts on early marine ecosystems is scarce resulting in fewer scholarly articles on the subject.
Beginning in

Will It Be Easy? Will It Be Worth It?
Will it be easy? Will it be worth it? That are the questions I would like to ask you, brother. Some circumstances came up in your life that made you
to drop out from school. However, education is not limited to age; you can start school any time. I am aware that you have some apprehensions
about joining a school such as that you would not be able to do at this age or with your current work schedule. At the same time, you are aware of the
benefits of going to school. You have to believe in yourself that you can do it. I know it would not be easy, but definitely, it will be worth it.
"You can do it'' is a phrase that you may have heard many times, but most of the time, you only listen to it and do not believe in those words. You just
have to take the first step to initiate. Belief in yourself has power that can turn your weakness into strength, but if you do not believe in yourself, your
strengths will turn into weaknesses. Belief can make anything possible.
I would like to share a story with you. During a research experiment, a marine biologist placed a shark into a large holding tank and then released
several small bait fish into the tank. As you would expect, the shark quickly swam around the tank, attacked, and ate the smaller fish. The marine
biologist then inserted a strong piece of clear fiberglass into the tank, creating two separate partitions. She then put the shark on one side of the
fiberglass and a new set of baitfish on the other. Again, the shark quickly attacked. This time, however, the shark slammed into the fiberglass divider
and bounced off. Undeterred, the shark kept repeating this behavior every few minutes to no avail. Meanwhile, the baitfish swam around unharmed
beyond the second partition. Eventually, about an hour into the experiment, the shark gave up. This experiment was repeated several dozen times over
the next few weeks. Each time, the shark got less aggressive and made fewer attempts to attack the bait fish, until eventually the shark got tired of
hitting the fiberglass divider and simply stopped attacking altogether. The marine biologist then removed the fiberglass divider, but the shark did not
attack. The shark was trained to believe a barrier existed between it and the

Samo Salar Fish Observation
Furthermore, group swimming behaviors of Atlantic salmon or Salmo salar L. show to be affected by flow velocity as well. In an experiment, a
group of Salmo salar L. were placed in a cage and were exposed to low, medium, and high flow velocities. Swim group structures were characterized as
circular polarized swimming (circle), swimming facing the current (on current), or swimming in combination of the circle and current patterns (mixed).
Results showed that the group of Salmo salar L. displayed circle swimming arrangement under low flow velocity conditions, mixed swimming
arrangement with medium flow velocity, and on current arrangement with high flow velocity. As flow velocity increased, the group of Salmo salar L.
would alter swimming behavior from schooling to swimming against the current and resided near the walls of the cage (Johansson et. al. 2014).
Such unique swimming behavior can be explained by the survival benefits and fitness advantages in altering swim structure. Under various flow
velocities, particular group swimming structures allow the Salmo salar L. to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This experiment was taken place in a recirculating flume under various flow velocities. Results concluded that as water flow velocity increased,
foraging behavior for food consumption decreased in the Chondrostoma nasus L. significantly. This is likely due to the fact that there is a trade–off
among swimming costs and the net energy yield. Chondrostoma nasus L. residing in high water velocities are less likely to forage for and capture
prey as a consequence of the high swimming energy cost associated with their environment. Chondrostoma nasus L. residing in lower water velocities,
have a lower swimming cost when it comes to capturing food and will thus, forage more frequently (Flore and Keckeis

The Origin Of Food And Food Preservation
Identification
Anchovies are common oily fish from the Engraulidae family, containing 144 species. These small fish reside in saltwater. As forage fish, anchovies
are a frequent food source for predators, such as larger fish, marine mammals, birds, and even humans (Shiffman, 2014). In terms of the identification
of anchovies in our diet, these fish are named differently depending on the country and the processing method. For instance, dried anchovies are called
niboshi in Japan and jeotgal in Korea.
The preparation of anchovies varies based on the country in which they are processed. Although the origin of anchovies as food is obscure, evidence
shows that these fish were used in Ancient Rome to form a common fermented fish sauce, known ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To start off, they can undergo physical treatment, in which they are cut up and treated into a marinade or vinaigrette. Moreover,anchovy paste can be
made by using a mortar and pestle to mash the anchovies' fillets and then incorporate them in a sauce or mayonnaise, such as the French "sauce
rГ©moulade". Furthermore, anchovies can be sautГ©ed with other aromatic compounds; the heat loosening the fragile meat from their bones
(Eurofish International Organization, 2012). Normally, sodium or sugar is added to anchovy paste (paste or whole anchovies? Is this the canning
process) to remove the fishy flavor, which renders it stronger and saltier than other anchovy products.
It is important to consider these various types of anchovies in order to select one for a recipe. Indeed, salted and canned anchovies are used as
flavoring agents to intensity the savory taste of foods, as in dressings or sauces. In contrast, fresh anchovies would not provoke the same sensory
effects in these types of recipes (Seafood Source, 2011).
Alternatively, salted anchovies canned in olive oil are one of the most common types consumed by today's society. Although salting has been a
prevalent method of food preservation for thousands of years, immersing in oil is a relatively new process. Actually, coating and resting the anchovies in
salt allow them to develop their distinctive salted flavor (Eurofish International Organization, 2012).
In terms of anchovy preservation, it is

Waved Albatross Research Paper
The Waved Albatross is the largest bird of the Galapagos Islands, but is only found on one of them– Espanola. Its wingspan is 7–8 feet and can grow
up to 34 inches in length. It usually weighs in at about 7–11 pounds. They have very distinctive coloring, with a white head, cream neck, brown body,
bright yellow beak, and blue feet. Many people have observed their walking as awkward, but when they take off they are beautiful and elegant. Waved
Albatrosses can live up to 45 years. Migration Although the Waved Albatross spends March through early January on Espanola, during which they
mate, but they do migrate to Peru or Ecuador from mid–January through February. Diet Eating squids, octopus, other cephalopods, krills, crabs, shrimps,

Essay about Wal-Mart Seafood Supply Chain Case Study
Coursework Header Sheet186714–156 | |
Course| BUSI1150: E–Log & Int Sup Chain Mgt 15c| Course School/Level| BU/PG| Coursework| Research Report| Assessment Weight| 70.00%|
Tutor| Y Lin| Submission Deadline| 30/03/2012|
Coursework is receipted on the understanding that it is the student's own work and that it has not, in whole or part, been presented elsewhere for
assessment. Where material has been used from other sources it has been properly acknowledged in accordance with the University's Regulations
regarding Cheating and Plagiarism.|
000714534 Shabbir Bhanpurawala Tutor's comments
|
Grade ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nonetheless, wild pacific salmon are fished near the shore or the ocean between May and September because they spawn in their river habitats during
these months. The other challenge was that wild pacific salmon were depleting and protecting them was a great challenge as it was indirectly posing a
threat to Walmart and its sea food supply chain.
According to (Denend, 2010) major challenge was that commercial fishing of wild salmon was only permitted to the people who had permits that
also for a limited period of time or season. Also, the duration of this season fluctuated each year so that the wild pacific salmon of each type would
be protected and they would return back to spawn in the river habitats. As a result, Walmart would not have sufficient amount of stock for wild
pacific salmon and was posing a threat to its supply chain & the duration of fishing was volatile because if salmon would come back in greater
quantity then the fishing season would continue for an extended period of time; if they would go back then the season would shut down earlier, so the
quantity and availability was not fixed in nature and this was also among the few possible challenging reason for Walmart.
There are numerous other factors present which would increase the cost price of Wal–Mart's supply chain either directly or indirectly which are

The Effective Use of Imagery in Hemingway's The Old Man...
The Effective Use of Imagery in Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea
Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea has engendered some lively debate in literary circles. Critics have concentrated on everything in the
novella from the verity of Rigel's early evening appearance over Cuban skies in September (Weeks 192) to William Faulkner's judgment that
Hemingway discovered God while writing The Old Man and the Sea (Bradford 158–62). Yet the most insightful commentary has gravitated invariably
toward biblical, natural, and classical imagery in the novel. These images turn an otherwise simple fishing tale into a sublime narrative of human
endurance. A reading that examines these images will serve to clarify the hidden significance in... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the battle, Santiago exclaims, "Christ . . . I did not know he was so big . . . I'll kill him though . . . in all his greatness and his glory" (66). He
states, "Significantly this is the only place in the story where the expletive, Christ, is used, and the echo in the [last] sentence is unmistakable––'for
thine is the power and the glory forever'" (Wells 59). John Hamilton further illustrates this point by equating the fish with the Christian acronym , or
Ichthus (Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior): "it is inconceivable for one as widely read and travelled in fishing and Christian circles as was Hemingway
. . . not to have become familiar with the fish as a God–Man symbol" (142). When Santiago finally kills the fish, he thrusts the harpoon into "the fish's
side just behind the great chest fin" (94), thus reminding us of Christ's side being pierced while on the cross.
Finding insightful commentary on the Santiago–as–Christ image is problematic at best. For instance, Joseph Flora's judgment that "The Old Man and
the Sea illustrates the essence of Christian discipleship and does so in strictly biblical terms" (147) confirms perfectly the point that too many critics
have overanalyzed the image of Santiago–as–Christ; this is far too reductive a statement to encompass the whole scope of Hemingway's superb
novella. Yet we must acknowledge two facts about

Research Paper On Fishing Salmon
In the past, the American River provided more that 150 miles of spawning habitat for anadromous fish like Chinook (king) salmon and steelhead trout.
With the creation of the Folsom and Nimbus dam for flood control in 1970, came the decline of native salmon and steelhead populations because
upstream spawning habitats were cut off or destroyed. The Nimbus Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery was created because salmon and steelhead were
threatened to become extinct and people believed the population could be replaced by hatchery fish. The relationship between salmon and humans is
much more than just humans fishing salmon for food. I think the relationship is more of a positive one because the dam builders try to mitigate
population loss. By creation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They show the desire humans have to coexist with the salmon while providing a viewing sight for humans to see the salmon. I think that although
hatcheries seem to be effective in maintaining the population of fish, we should work on creating a new population of salmon in a new location. Then
salmon won't need human intervention to maintain their populations. Also that way we do not have to worry about how hatchery salmon will react
differently to than the wild salmon in the wild. I really enjoyed my trip to the Nimbus and American river fish hatcheries and it was amazing seeing and
learning about the salmon and

Burrowing Owls
The limited habitat available for endangered birds results in a number of consequences that severely limit the success of species. One problem
produced by limited habitat is an increased threat from predation. Because Alameda Point is one of the few places in the Bay Area that is available to
wildlife, many non–compatible populations of species occupy the area. Many raptors and other bird species such as burrowing owls pose a serious
threat to the tern population. Although burrowing owls traditionally occupy Alameda Point from October to March and leave before the least terns
arrive, there have been some breeders that have stayed in the Bay Area and have created a risk for terns. The owls pose a serious threat if they are
feeding young, because

Single Species Conservation Literature Review, Great White...
SINGLE SPECIES CONSERVATION LITERATURE REVIEW, GREAT WHITE SHARK.
The purpose of this literature review is to investigate how Geographical Information Science (GIS) is or could be incorporated into conservation
management of the Great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias). The reason for selecting the Great white shark as a single species to investigate, is that
it is listed in the International Union for Conservation (IUCN) red list as vulnerable. They are vulnerable due to years of being hunted by man for
fins and teeth, and often as a trophy for sport fishing, they are often caught as bycatch by commercial fisheries and can also become entangled in
gillnets that protect beaches in shark control programs as well as culling. Adding to the importance to conserve this species the white sharks grow
slowly, mature late, and the female does not reproduce every year and produces relatively few number of offspring during her lifetime. Vulnerability
due to low numbers and low reproduction rate is only part of the problem the main reason to protect this species as well as other sharks is that the Great
White shark is an apex predator. Apex predators maintain the balance of food webs. They keep many marine populations in the proper proportion,
avoiding that they becoming too populous and cause harm to ecosystems (Newton et al., 2006; Frid et al., 2007). Top predators like the Great white
sharks eat the weaker/slower and sick individuals of their prey 's populations, inducing the

Not So Fishy Fish Farms
Not So Fishy Fish Farms Fish farms and aquaculture in the US have come under scrutiny in the past decade because people are unsure of what they are
eating. Fish farms fall under the large umbrella term of aquaculture. Dictionary.com defines aquaculture as "the cultivation of aquatic animals and
plants, especially fish, shellfish, and seaweed, in natural or controlled marine or freshwater environments." This practice has evolved over centuries and
exploded in the 1970's, becoming the number one producer of fish worldwide over wild caught fish. In truth, aquaculture in the US provides fish that
contains the same or less contaminants than wild caught fish. Aquaculture also provides many advantages over conventional commercial fishing, such
as superior sustainability and consistency. These advantages cause aquaculture to continue expanding everywhere and provide many jobs for the
American people. With the growth of the aquaculture industry, the US will be able to produce more seafood and reduce the amount of imported fish.
While the aquaculture industry in the United States suffers from some drawbacks, it also provides many benefits, such as an increased supply of
healthy fish, increased productivity, and economic benefits. These benefits outweigh the drawbacks of aquaculture and the industry should continue to
grow in the future with the support of the American population. Aquaculture attracts negative attention from ecologically concerned people, which
makes sense

Law Of The Seas Memo
Law of the Seas Memo
Marine Langreney
History
The freedom of the seas doctrine was created in the 17th century as a means to control rights over ocean space. The doctrine assigned national rights
to areas controlled by limited belts, with the remaining being assigned as a public space, free to all nations. By the mid–20th century, technology
became more advanced and the ocean's resources became vulnerable to the innovations. Rising conflicts occurred over ocean reserves, from decreasing
fish stocks to pollution left by long–distance boats and oil tankers. Tension was rising from Navies of powerful nations, and were now competing for
control over these resources. There was a clear demand for power and presence over marine resources. Oceans were becoming a new area of conflict,
and the freedom of the seas doctrine was too outdated to keep up with these new troubles.
It wasn't until 1945, when President Harry Truman extended sovereignty over the entire continental shelf extended from the United States, that other
countries took note and followed. This was the first instance where the freedom of seas was being challenged, and his success lead to many countries
claiming similar territories. Argentina was the first country to follow, and claimed its own continental shelf along with the one that lay above. Chile,
Peru and Ecuador followed, but had claimed a zone of 200 miles. This came out of fear for their decreasing fish stocks, as they wanted to limit the
number of

Essay about Book Report on the Perfect Storm
Book Report on The Perfect Storm by Sebastian Junger
The fishing port of Gloucester, Massachusetts, just north of Boston, is one of the oldest fishing ports in the United States and can trace its history to
around 1623. Since that time, around ten thousand men have lost their lives fishing the Atlantic Ocean. Not only did the fishing port feel the full brunt
of the storm but that fateful day in October 1991 was to add another six men to that tally when the fishing boat Andrea Gail was caught in the full fury
of the storm out on the fishing grounds, heading back to port with a hold full of swordfish. The Perfect Storm is the story of that fateful trip of October
1991 when the Andrea Gail headed out to sea for one last shot at a major ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The environment influences the characters quite a bit. Everybody in that community does something that involves the fish industry or supplying
alcohol for the fishermen. The lifestyles of the people are basically fish for a month out on the open sea, come home for a week, get a drunk as
you can, give your wife and family all the money made and not spent on alcohol, and then leave to fish for another month or two. The main
characters in the story are all crew members of the same fishing skipper so they act just as one would expect crew members to act towards one another.
The availability of food and water are very good. The story takes place on the coast so obviously there is a lot of water and the entire story is based
around fishing to supply the food industry with swordfish. Fishing for swordfish is very profitable so all of these crew members are well to do.
The characters are involved in travel for work. They travel up and down the coast in pursuit of swordfish. Therefore the goods that are being sold
and traded are the swordfish. These swordfish are coming from the Atlantic Ocean to be sent to be served in sea food restaurants. The cause for the
movement is the need of a job and money and food.
The physical region described in this story would basically be the coastal region. The part played by this region is basically the location of a job and

Coral Reef Papers
The coral reef is in the shallow part of the ocean it is usually clear and the warmth is about medium. The warmth in the coral reefs stays between 75
degrees to 85 degrees. The coral reefs is located around the indo pacific region Austria American and African west coast. The coral reef biome is
over 1,200 miles. The plants that there is algae and sea grass and also mangroves mantes forage on the sea grasses. Also, there is sea stars and cuttle fish
clown fish sea snakes and sharks. The clown fish niche is the clown fish protects the anemore from the butter fly fish. The clown fish will feed on and
dead left–over fish the clownfish especially likes to feed on the anemone which it lives. The predators of the clownfish are sharks the sharks will ...
the coral reef needs sunlight to grow and also it doesn't grow more than 45 feet deep. the coral reef helps with the carbon monoxide and also it
helps with the oxygen and the American bird also to feed in it. When the coral grows it grows a protective shell and it ti splits the waves so it
doesn't come onto the shore and hit onto the shore full force. the stuff the collects onto the bottom of the ocean over the time forms into the rocks.
The reef of the biome is the shallowest level of the reef and the narrowest of it. the foremost is the outer layer is close to the sea. This zone consists
of the hardest layer of the coral. The corals are a members of the phylum Cnidaria. the coral reef is the most diverse in the marine ecosystem. coral
reefs are really important to people because the value in America has got to about 30 billion dollars it provides us food and shelter for the
aquarium the sexual reproduction the eggs are fertilized by sperm from another colony. There is 2 types of sexual reproduction a sexual and sexual
the larva sets in a few days it becomes pulp. the coral reef grows at about 5 inches per year and 6 inches is the largest one that has ever came. The reef
is the underwater big

The United Nations Targets For Ocean Sustainability
1. The United Nations targets for ocean sustainability are measurable when looking at 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5 and 14.6. This is due to that fact
that the United Nations is able to create a base level in order to look at the major contributors to these issues this can be then simplified as these
contributors are the human population. For example, when look at target 14.3 which deals with the eminent of fossil fuels, fossil fuels are cause by
production run by humans. Allowing humans to have control over how many fossil fuels they want to eminent on a daily basis. Another example of a
target that can be measurable is 14.4 as it deals with the issue of over fishing and the use of fish stocks. This target is measurable as The United
Nations is able to measure fish stocks and will be able to measure them ten years from now to see if the laws put in place are positively affecting
our worlds oceans. They will be able to check the harvest growth pattern that the fish stocks provide in order to catch illegal, unreported and
unregulated fishing. There are however targets under The Unites Nations goal that are not measurable this can be seen when looking at targets
14.7,14. a,14. b and 14.c. I believe that these goals are unable to be measured due to that fact for example in 14.7 there is no quantification in dollars
or percentages as it is looking at economic benefits of developing states. When looking at the other targets they are to general and have no specific
goal (i.e. date)

Edwards Plateau Research Paper
The Edwards Plateau is located south of the Texas panhandle ranging from the northern great plains all the way to the border with Mexico;
additionally, its eastern border is near the center of Texas.
The climate in this region consists of sweltering summers with temperatures near 100 degrees Fahrenheit and chilly winters with temperatures ranging
to the low 40s. Abrupt and rapid weather swings are also common, temperatures can drop 50 degrees in a day. The Edwards Plateau does not have a
wet or dry season, 1–2 months without rain can occur at any moment. It has a consistent humidity with it being usually at 70%, but lowers in the winter
and rises in summer.
The Edwards Plateau has many captivating creatures calling its environment home. For instance, the Texas blind salamander, it lives in the water–filled
caves of the Edwards Aquifer. Since... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One example is the Texas redbud, it blooms in early spring with a lovely magenta hue found in its leaves. They usually grow to be small trees or as
multi–trunked shrubs growing to a height of 15–20 feet. Another plant would be the shrubby boneset which is a type of shrub that grows 2–6 feet tall
with small white flowers appearing in fuzzy clusters on the much–branched stems coming from the base. A succulent example is the twisted leaf yucca,
its name comes from its leaves, though the leaves are sprouted straight, they become twisted with age over time. It has flowering stalks that often
grow over 5 feet tall bearing bundles of bell shaped white flowers, sprouting from April to June. The Edwards Plateau is a plethora of various plant and
animal species as well as picturesque landscapes making it a prime source of natural studies. But one thing in particular sticks out: the Edward Aquifer.
It is the sole source of drinking water for the over million population of the city of San

Moon Jellyfish
Moon Jellyfish are in the "Animalia Kingdom, Phylum Cnidarian, Class Scyphozoan, Order Semaeostomeae, Family Ulmaridae, and Genus Aurelia"
( Myers, 2016 ; Espinosa, ; 2016 ; Parr, 2016 ; Jones, 2026 ; Hammond, 2016 ; Dewey, 2016). The morphological description of Cnidarians are corals,
sea anemones, jellyfish and hydroids. These cnidarians form a diverse phylum that contains ~9000 species, which live in aquatic (predominantly
marine) environments. The phylum–defining trait of Cnidaria is the stinging cell, the nematocyte an extrusive organelle used for predation, adhesion
and defense (Holstein, 1981; Lengfeld et al., 2009; Tardent and Holstein, 1982) (Steele and Technau; 2011). Also, this phylum, Cnidarians, are divided
into two groups, "Anthozoa (sea anemones, corals and sea pens), which live as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Both of these groups have an external radial symmetry. Cnidarians have a single opening that acts as both mouth and anus and is generally surrounded
by nematocyte–bearing tentacles (Steele and Technau; 2011).
The moon jellyfish have a unique image, they have a alien–looking appearance. Since they have a glowing circular bells. Moon jellies have little fringe
that curve food towards the mucous layer. The moon jellyfish store their prey in pouches and once their oral arm pick the food up, the jelly then digest
it. The Monterey Bay Aquarium Foundation states that "the coloration of a

Fish and Management Case Study Essay
FITTskills: Global Supply Chain Management
Case Study #5: Global Supply Chain Management and Shipping
Catch of the day
Kalastaa Inc. have been in the local Finnish aquaculture industry for nearly fourteen years. They raise salmon and trout for local markets, and have
recently negotiated a deal with a small fish processing plant that distributes under a major product label in Finland. Although they run a rather small
operation, employing 16 people year–round, Kalastaa believes they are in a position to export some surplus and perhaps broker further deals with fish
processing plants around the European
Union. They do want to maintain ties with the local fresh fish ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Colour coding is a common practice in the fish industry and provides a method of standardization for something as subjective as colour. Both in
production and sales, colour is the most important quality parameter for salmon.
Salmon buyers can request information on the colour of a delivered lot in the form of a number corresponding to a colour number on the Roche scale.
Another salmon colour reference is the colour number on the Salmofan scale. Kalastaa's bank, acting as their export advisor, contacts the
© FITT
1
FITTskills: Global Supply Chain Management
company to tell them that the letter of credit has fallen though because the certificate of quality is vague and it cannot be ascertained if the shipment
has passed its quality certification.

Something is fishy...
The documents were delivered directly to the buyer for payment. DanskFisk insists on inspecting the shipment upon arrival. DanskFisk is not an
experienced salmon importer, and usually deals with Spanish Blue Fish and Irish Char. They are not in disagreement that the salmon shipment has
passed quality inspection. Upon DanskFisk's inspection, they claim that the fat content of the stock is much higher than is claimed in the quality
inspection. They reject the sale and will accept substitute goods, but are claiming damages for loss of profit. Kalastaa management wonder if they need
to rethink their

Types And Methods Of Fish
2.1 General: A fish is any member of a paraphyletic (descendants of the last common ancestor)group of organisms that consist of all gill bearing
aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits (fingers and toes). Fish are an important resource for humans worldwide, especially as food.
Commercial and subsistence fishers hunt fish in wild fisheries or farm them in ponds or in cages in the ocean. They are also caught by recreational
fishers, kept as pets, raised by fish keepers, and exhibited in public aquaria. 2.2 Fish behaviour and migration: Rheoreaction, which is an inherent
behavioural response of fish to swim upstream, underlies fish behaviour in the flow (Fig. 2.1). All other features of behaviour in the stream have to be
seen against a background of this particular reation. Rheoreaction has two components of behaviour: orientational and locomotor. Organs of vision,
touch, equilibrium (horizontal labyrinth channels) and neuromast help fish find its way against the current. Locomotor activity of fish in the stream
can be described by several functional indices: threshold flow rate (its value sets the lower limit of flow rate for fish rheoreaction to develop), critical
flow velocity (its value defines the upper limit of velocity interval, within which fish retention in the stream is possible), burst speed and swimming
capacity (duration of fish motion at different flow velocities). [1] Fish populations are highly dependent upon the characteristics of the aquatic

Aksarben Aquariums Report
At the AkSarBen aquariums, there are many opportunities to learn and observe different fish, amphibians and turtles. Fish are identified throughout the
aquariums in different ways, from gills, to scale colorations and patterns. The differences from the ancient and modern fish are also very noticeable.
The terrarium at AkSarBen shows an actual, ideal habitat for the turtle and frogs placed in there. WIth brightly lit signs showing diets, descriptions, and
natural history of the animals.
There are many species of fish throughout the United States, and even more around the world, filling the vast oceans and millions of lakes. Fish can be
identified by snouts, fins, tails, and even spots. The Northern pike is identified with a duckbilled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There was also bright lights, creating a very well lit and warm environment for everything inside The turtles in the terrarium included the western
painted turtle, which is the most widespread native turtle of North America. The western painted feeds mostly on plants and small animals like
fish, and insects. They are normally four to ten inches long and the only species of the Chrysemys species, part of the pond turtle family. This
turtle is identified by its red bottom. There was also the red eared turtle which eats feeds on plants and smaller animals similar to the western
painted, but also crickets, snails, and tadpoles. They are identified by their red ears and belong to the Emydidae family, a subspecies of the pond
slider. Native to the southern United States and northern Mexico, but has been successfully introduced into Nebraska ranging from six to twelve
inches in size. The third species of turtle in the terrarium was the yellow mud turtle which are omnivorous eating worms, crayfish, and aquatic
insects, where they also forage in water and on land for their food. They are easily identified by their yellow appearance, smaller average size of six
inches and are part of the Kinosternidae family found in Central United States and

Fish Feel Pain Fact or Fiction
Research shows that fish respond to painful stimuli in a manner that is not just a simple reflex. In the article "Hooked on a Myth" by Victoria
Braithwaite, biologists say "We shouldn't be so quick to believe that fish don't feel pain." The Standing Committee of the European Convention for the
Protection of Animals Kept for Farming Purposes explains, "The skin of the fish is the first line of defence against disease and provides protection from
the environment. It contains sensory receptors for touch, pressure and pain." In his book Pleasurable Kingdom: Animals and the Nature of Feeling
Good, animal behaviorist Jonathan Balcombe, explains how fish are falsely, yet "commonly denied feeling" perhaps because of "their relative lack of
facial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Other experiments have found that fish learn to avoid unpleasant stimuli such as electric shocks, and piercing of their lips by sharp hooks. Recent
research has demonstrated that fish have nociceptors, receptors on the skin that preferentially detect noxious, potentially painful stimuli. These
nociceptors are similar to those found in mammals.
Also areas of the brain, such as the forebrain and midbrain which are important in mammalian pain processing, are active during the application of
painful stimuli. Suspension of normal behaviour and adverse changes are also exhibited by fish subject to painful stimulus in which is dramatically
reduced by the use of painkillers or analgesia. These results suggest that painful, noxious stimulation is important to fish. In 2009, Applied Animal
Behaviour Science reported on a study of unanesthetized goldfish conducted by Purdue University's Department of Animal Sciences, describes that
"The goldfish that did not get morphine experienced this painful, stressful event. Then two hours later, they turned that pain into fear like we do."
As John Webster, Professor of Animal Husbandry of the University of Bristol argues, "to say that a fish cannot feel pain because it doesn't have a
neocortex is like saying it cannot breathe because it doesn't have lungs." But simply, fish possess pain receptors, their brains produce natural painkillers
called endogenous opioids and they avoid noxious and threatening stimuli. Such behaviors

Tension and Suspense the Novel and the Opening Scene of...
Tension and Suspense the Novel and the Opening Scene of the Film Jaws
Peter Benchley wrote "Jaws" the novel before it was made into a film directed by Steven Spielberg. "Jaws" is a thriller with the main aim being to
build up suspense and tension. In the novel Peter Benchley uses many variations of language techniques to emphasise important points that build up
suspense. He also uses sentence and paragraph structure to affect the reader in many different ways. Steven Spielberg on the other hand uses different
camera angles and shots alongside lighting effects to create atmosphere and tension. In the background he uses music and sound effects to add to the
dramatic visual images he creates. Finally ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The tempo and volume gradually increase with the intention of raising the viewer's heartbeat. This increase also gives the effect that whatever is
moving through the water is getting closer and speeding up. Then all of a sudden a dramatic picture, from the shark's eye view appears, creeping
through the weeds on the seabed. The camera angle is very effective, as the audience moves through the weeds with the shark. The dimly lit darkness of
deep underwater which creates an unclear picture has the effect of making the audience anxious as nobody knows what the shark is about to find.
The instant that the picture appears, an abrupt increase in the tempo and the volume of the music makes the viewer's heart leap. Amounting tension
causes an adrenaline rush and makes the viewer edgy. Suspense is created because the viewer knows that something will happen but does not know
when. When the music comes to a climax a horn joins in with the cellos. Horns are generally associated with any kind of hunt and although the
audience doesn't yet know that the shark is after the girl the horn adds to the overall nervousness of the atmosphere. As screeching, slashing violins can
be heard the bold, glaring title Jaws appears in capital letters signalling the ultimate climax of the tension. Just when the audience can't take

Marine Biology Project Is The Great White Shark
The topic I choose for the final marine biology project is the Great White Shark. The reason I choose this topic is because sharks have always been
in the back of my head and would really like to learn more about them. People are usually scared to go into the ocean at the beach and I would like to
know more about the creature that caused this. The Great White is very important to Marine Biology and to the marine environments because it is at
the top of the food chain. The Great White does not have any known natural predators other than the Orca Whale. If this shark becomes endangered or
goes extinct, the population of the seals, sea lions, and other animals that it often feeds on would skyrocket. These animals would then eat themselves
out, thus changing the whole ecosystem around them. So basically, the Great White Shark cannot be removed without the whole marine ecosystem
becoming disturbed and unbalanced. That 's why they are now being protected in a lot of places. Great Whites are carnivorous sharks that grow
from 15 to 20 feet long; their size is relatable to a school bus. They weigh 5,000 pounds or more and they are listed endangered by the World Wildlife
Foundation. They have gray upper bodies to blend in with the coastal ocean floor below them and they get their name from their universally white
underbellies. Their torpedo shaped body and strong tail muscles can help them propel through the water at speeds up to 15 miles per hour.
When accelerating to attack prey

The White Shark, Nekton Project
The White Shark, Nekton Project
The White Shark, also known as the Great White Shark, is one of the most furious predators in the oceans worldwide. Same as every species, the
White Shark is classified into major groups. This is called taxonomy. The taxonomy for this species is
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Sub–Phylum: Vertebrata
Class: Chrondrichthyes
Sub–Class: Elasmobranchii
Order: Lamniformes
Family: Lamnidae
Genus: Carcharodon
Species: C. carcharias
The kingdom Animalia means animal. The phylum Chordata includes animals with vertebrates. The class Chrondrichthyes includes cartilaginous fish,
which are fish that has a skeleton made of cartilage rather than bones. The family Lamnidae includes sharks as the white shark and mackerel sharks.
These sharks are usually very large and can swim really fast. The genus is the group before the species which includes other sharks that are very
similar to the white shark. The species is the last group, which contains the Latin name of the specific organism. Through taxonomy, scientists are easily
able to identify and classify species.
White sharks are usually found in oceans worldwide. They tend to appear more in cool temperate and tropical waters. Also, some are usually found
near islands with high populations of seals. They spread throughout the world. Some of the places they are found in are along the coastline of South
Africa, Australia, New Zealand, California to Alaska, Hawaii, the Mediterranean Sea and many more.

Persuasive Essay On Cod Fishing
Save the Cod, Save the Fishing Industry
Dating back to the 1600s, Cod fishing has been a major industry in the New England area, with a 5 feet long "Sacred Cod" hanging inside the
Massachusetts State House signifying its importance. However, fishermen are now facing an unprecedented low stock of Atlantic cod in the Gulf of
Maine, directly impacting marine ecosystem as well as the annual cod landing. In November 2014, regulators from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) were forced to impose a temporary ban on cod fishing and discuss possible solutions. Otherwise, the extinction
of cod in the Gulf of Maine will damage the ecosystem irreversibly and the entire cod fishing industry will collapse. Tackling the problem of... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Examples of forage fish include sardines, anchovies and herrings. Scientists have shown that catching forage fish instead of cod is a more sustainable
approach. According to research from the University of British Columbia Fisheries Center, the forage fish population has more than doubled in the past
century (Christensen, 2014). A main cause for the population growth is that human beings are overfishing forage fish's predators like cod and tuna.
When overfishing of cod occurs, herring population increases naturally due to the reduced effect of trophic cascade. Herrings are very abundant in the
Gulf of Maine and they are not overfished. Furthermore, fishing herring and cod both use mid–water trawling (NOAA, 2015), so fishermen can easily
adapt to fishing herring instead of cod, and the bycatch of other species can be significantly reduced with modified fishing gears (Monterey Bay
Aquarium Seafood Watch, 2015). However, even though herrings are very abundant, we should only fish them sustainably. Strict regulations based on
scientific research need to be implemented in order to avoid overfishing herring, which can be harmful to the recovery of the cod

Fishing, Celebes Sea, By The Sea
Fishing, Celebes Sea
In the middle of the ocean, all that can be seen is miles and miles of the alluring ocean. The color of the waves are a spectacular mix of a light green,
an astonishing teal, and the amazing darkness of the blue. The tides lightly brushing against the welcoming homes of all the nice people. In the small
boat ahead contains an innocent child with his mother outside what can only be their house. The pleasant subtlety of the sea breeze peacefully floating
in the air causes relaxation that cannot be helped.
If you look up you can see the beautiful sky extending as far as the eye can see. The clouds soaring into the distance beautifly. The mountains in the
distance, elegantly sitting in the distance. The birds chirping their song in mid day. This place gives a sense of Everything that can be seen is beautiful.
The wind blows constantly, causing sea mist to blow in the faces of the fishermen. Underneath the boat is the clear,blue water with fish swimming,
clueless, without a care in the world. The air has the taste of salt and freshly caught fish. And the The smell is unmistakeable, with a hint of seaweed.
In the distance, great hills covered by clouds can be seen. Houses gather close by above the water. People could almost say that the houses are floating.
Millions of people gather in small boats, waiting patiently for the single movement of their fishing wire. Every once in awhile, someone 's laughter can
be heard above the sound of the small,

Fishing Culture Essay
Fishing has been in human history since time started. Fishing has been a part of our culture for all these years because it helped us survive because it
provided food therefore helping us develop and expand has an organism. The fishing culture has been on every single continent and is vital knowledge
for survival as time progresses new technologies appear to help evaluate the fishing and its methods. Math and science are continuing to advance and
further develop how humans obtain fish. As time goes by developed countries pay great amounts of attentions to fish stocks and the consumption of fish
species. These numbers are very important to environmentalist because it helps the government set percentage quotas to keep the fish species in good ...
A bag limit is the number of fish a person could take of an individual species of fish. Some of the major variables that scientist look for is the
anatomy of the fish, human intervention and pressure of the individual fish species, and climate. Every single species of fish is different. Baitfish
are meant to be consumed by predator fish therefore they are plentiful and usually in abundance so there are no bag limits. Even the color of the
fish is important. Red Snapper is in abundance because they are Red. In the fish eye spectrum red is invisible so these fish are plentiful so the
government does not have to put strict regulations. Offspring is also very important some fish lay thousands of eggs because in reality not many
will survive, but bigger fish will lay less numbered fish because the chance of survival is much higher for these fish species. Math is all around
these subjects because scientist collects data and numbers from oceans to predict and examine a bag limit. There is also statistics in bag limits
because scientist have to go out collect data on the fish and as well as the people. For example the popularity of the fish correlates directly to the
number of offspring a fish produce. If a fish produces a lot of off spring and there's no demand for the fish then no bag limits should be placed, vice
versa. In the fishing word everything is a numbers game because numbers don't

Causes And Consequences Of Marine Organisms
INTRODUCTION
Anthropogenic CO2 release into the atmosphere has led to increasing temperatures in the atmosphere and in the ocean (CITA). Greater amounts of
CO2 is causing the oceans to become more acidic (Caldeira & Wickett, 2003; Ross et al., 2011).
Oceans capacity to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere is making them become more acidic (Caldeira & Wickett, 2003; Portner, 2008)
Oceans' average surface temperature are predicted to rise up to 1.5 C by 2050 and 3 C by 2100 (Donelson et al., 2011; PONER MAS CITAS),
simultaneously oceans' surface pH will decrease from a level of 8.1–8.2 by 0.3–0.5 units by 2100 (pH 7.6–7.9) and 0.7–0.77 units by 2300 (pH
7.33–7.5) (Caldeira & Wickett, 2003; Donelson et al., 2011).
These variations in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Elevated temperatures aggravate oxygen limitation by leading to a higher demand of it from species and by reducing its solubility causing fish with
larger individuals to be more thermally sensitive to oceans' warming (Neuheimer et al., 2011; PГ¶rtner, 2008; PГ¶rtner & Knust, 2006; Rodnick et
al., 2004). In addition eggs and larvae of some fish species have been observed to have narrower thermal windows. In larvae this is due to their small
body size, higher metabolic rate, and lower energy reserves (PГ¶rtner & Farrel, 2008; Rijnsdorp et al., 2009). If all size groups are affected within a
population, abundance, recruitment success and productivity can be negatively affected (Neuheimer et al., 2011; PГ¶rtner & Knust, 2006).
Some species have the capacity to acclimate to changes in temperatures. Acclimation is the organisms' capacity to modify phenotypical traits that alter
their physiology, behaviour or morphology to fit the environmental conditions (Donelson et al., 2011). According to Agilleta (2009, in Donelson et al.,
2011) there are two types of acclimation, reversible and developmental. Reversible acclimation refers to the controlled responses to daily or seasonal
environmental fluctuations; while developmental acclimation involves the permanent

Job Opportunities For A Game Warden
There are many job opportunities out there in the world, but one popular career is being a Game Warden. This job combines two of wonderful
activities, being in the outdoors, and more power than a police officer. There are many responsibilities and interesting facts that come with being a
Game Warden. Most people when they hear Game Warden may think of someone that comes to check theirhunting or fishing license now and then.
When in reality, Game Wardens go out and will fight forest fires, go out on remote search and rescue missions, keep dangerous animals away from
the everyday people, capture and relocate wildlife that may be in danger or dangerous to the people, they may even preform avalanche control.
Their job is much bigger than many may see at first. They do a lot more than may be seen by the people. Their job also puts them in many
dangerous situations. They will go out in remote location usually by themselves and may be hours away from help. This is just part of being a
Game Warden. Game Wardens do not have a set amount of hours that they work. They work into the job is done. Game Wardens may come into
work at 6 a.m. but not leave until 10 p.m. The job calls upon you to get the job done and no one is their to cover their shift. Game Wardens also do
not report back to a boss and are more self led than being directed by someone above you, but you may be called to go somewhere by officials or
others (Devontier, Alecia T., and Carrol A, Turkington "Game Warden"). Being

Fishing For Northern Pike : A Staple Of Canadian Sports...
Fishing for Northern Pike
The Northern Pike is truly a staple of Canadian sports fishing. It has not only survived the cold Canadian temperatures, it has thrived for 62 million
years. Although this species can be found in most of the northern hemisphere, the pike as we call it or the jackfish if you're in Manitoba, is prevalent
in Canada as one of our ultimate game fish. The Pike is an ambush predator and once this fish attacks there is no escape from it razor teeth.
Pike are a very aggressive fish –in and out of the water, so watch your fingers –and typically take their prey from the side rather than from behind like a
bass or other predatory fish. A Pike 's diet consist of almost anything this predator can fit in its huge mouth, including; small mammals, birds, insects,
leeches, and many types of fish even other pike. Unlike most fish Pike do not only go for the easy target, a Pike's speed and ambush strategy allows it
to prey on anything that passes through their feeding ground.
Where and When to Fish for Pike
Where and when is directly related to the water temperature. Pike will actively feed when the water temperature is below 18В°c (approximately
65В°f). Luckily this means most waters in Canada will hold actively feeding Pike most of the year, the southern parts of Canada may experience
sluggish pike on a hot summer day. Be sure to check your fishing regulations before heading out for Pike.
There is nothing more exiting then to watch a giant gator rears his head out of

Steller Sea Lion Research Paper
Steller sea lions (Eumetiopias jubatus) are the only member of Eumetiopias and are one of the biggest of the eared seals. Steller sea lions feed mainly
on fish, and sometimes even various types of shellfish. Many Steller sea lions can be found along the coast of Western Alaska. Generally, Western
Alaska has relatively warm summers, cold winters, and mild temperatures during the spring and fall, with the highest amounts of rainfall during the
summertime. Steller sea lions have recently come under the scope of many researchers because of their sudden and significant decline of population in
recent times. In some places such as the Aleutian Islands, which is an island chain found in the Western part of Alaska, the population of Steller sea lions
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An experiment documenting the effect of feeding low–quality prey like pollock to Stellar sea lions was conducted (Jeanniard du Dot et al., 2008). In
the experiment there were two groups of Stellar sea lions, group H and group P. Group H was fed less herring and group P was fed pollock in equal
amounts regarding caloric content. After feeding each group the restricted diets, the researchers recorded the foraging behaviors of the sea lions over
the summer and the winter. All of the sea lions increased their foraging behaviors during the summer, when prey is abundant, but only group H
conserved conserved energy during the winter when prey is less abundant. Group P did not reduce energy consumption in order to use energy more
efficiently when it turned winter because they had less energy to use during the winter due to the low–quality diet, and that low–quality diets hurt the
sea lions during times of nutritional stress (Jeanniard du Dot et al., 2008). A journal article also documented that young Stellar sea lions were more
impacted by a low quality diet (Rosen, 2009). It was seen that young sea lions were more impacted by a low quality diet because of their higher energy
requirements, and also their digestive capacity, which means they can't even consume a higher quantity of lower quality fish to compensate. Both of
these experiments explain how low quality prey can

The And Estuaries During The Gulf Coast Essay
The marshlands and estuaries located throughout the Gulf Coast provide important breeding grounds and nurseries for the fishing and shrimping
industries. In 2008, according to the National Marine Fisheries Service, the commercial fish and shellfish harvest from the five U.S. Gulf states was
estimated to be 1.3 billion pounds valued at $661 million. "Oil spills are extremely harmful to marine life when they occur and often for years or
even decades later," said Jacqueline Savitz, a marine scientist and climate campaign director at Oceana, an environmental group. She said spills could
coat sea birds and limit their flying ability and damage fisheries by injuring marine organism 's systems related to respiration, vision and reproduction.
Savitz said that the Gulf of Mexico is host to four species of endangered sea turtles and bluefin tuna, snapper and grouper. "Each of these can be
affected," she said. "Turtles have to come to the surface to breathe and can be coated with oil or may swallow it." And, she added, the Gulf is one of
only two nurseries for bluefin tuna, more than 90 percent of which return to their place of birth to spawn.
BP being the responsible party had the liability to bear all the costs and organizational duties associated with the cleanup effort while the Coast guard
monitored and approved the things. Part of BPs liability depended on how much oil has been leaked. Therefore, it was in the financial interest of the
company to do everything it could do to:

Green Sea Turtle Status

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Green Sea Turtle Status