INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2 TOTAL

1. QUÍMICA
INORGÁNICA II
3º ESO
SERGIO SALOBREÑA
LUCENA
FUENGIROLA

2. OXACID ACIDS
THEY ARE COMPOUNDS FORMED BY HYDROGEN, OXYGEN AND AN
ELEMENT (GENERALLY A NON METAL). THEY ARE FORMED WHEN
ADDING WATER TO AN OXIDE. EXAMPLE:
Cl2O + H2O --------- H2Cl2O2 ------ HClO----- HYPOCHLOROUS ACID
Cl2O3 + H2O --------- H2Cl2O4 ---- HClO2---- CHLOROUS ACID
Cl2O5 + H2O -------- H2Cl2O6 ----- HClO3---- CLORIC ACID
Cl2O7 + H2O ---------- H2Cl2O8 ----HCLO4--- PERCLORIC ACID
AS YOU CAN SEE, THEY WILL BE NAMED AS THE OXIDES IN
CLASSICAL OR TRADITIONAL NOMENCLATURE. THE SPECIAL
ELEMENTS WILL USE THEIR VALENCIA AS NON METAL.

3. EXERCISES
1. FORMULATES THE FOLLOWING ACIDS:
1. SULFURIC ACID 2. PHOSPHORIC ACID 3. NITRIC ACID
4. PERYODIC ACID 5. YODIC ACID 6. NITROUS ACID
7. HYPOBROMOUS ACID 8. CLORIC ACID 9. ARSENIC ACID
10. SULFUROUS ACID 11. CARBONIC ACID 12. SILICIC ACID
13. CHROMIC ACID 14. CARBONOUS ACID 15. CHLOROUS ACID
16. PHOSPHOROUS ACID 17. HYPOYODOUS ACID 18. PERBROMIC ACID
19. HYPOMANGANOUS ACID 20. HYPONITROUS ACID 21. MANGANIC ACID

4. EXERCISES
2. NAME THE FOLLOWING ACIDS:
1. HClO 2. HIO 3. H2CO3
4. HNO 5. HPO2 6. HSbO3
7. HSO2 8. HClO2 9. HBrO4
10. HMnO4 11. HIO4 12. HIO2
13. H2MnO3 14. H2SO4 15. HSbO
16. HClO4 17. HBrO 18. HSbO2
19. HAsO 20. H2SO3 21. HNO2

5. HIDRACID ACIDS
THEY ARE COMBINATIONS OF A NON-METAL AND THE HYDROGEN.
THE HYDROGEN ACTS WITH ITS POSITIVE VALENCE (+1) AND THE
NON-METAL WITH ITS NEGATIVE VALENCIA.
CLASSICAL NOMENCLATURE: BEFORE THE ACID WORD APPEARS
THE NAME OF THE NON-METAL STARTED WITH –HIDRO PREFIX.
IDRO
HF -------- HYDROFLUORIC ACID.
HCl ------- HYDROCHLORIC ACID.
SOME HYDRACIDE ACIDS ARE CLASSICLY NAMED BY THEIR VULGAR
NAMES AS:
CH4 ------- METHANE NH3 -------- AMMONIA

6. HIDRACID ACIDS
SYNEMATIC NOMENCLATURE OR MULTIPLIER PREFIXES: WE WRITE
HYDROGEN FOLLOW BY THE NAME OF THE NON-METAL FINISHED IN
-IDE.
HF ------ HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
HCl ---- HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
HBr ---- HYDROGEN BROMIDE
H2S ---- HYDROGEN SULFIDE
H2Te --- HYDROGEN TELURIDE.

7. EXERCISES
1. NAMES THE FOLLOWING HYDRADIC ACIDS IN CLASSICAL FORM:
1. HCl 2. HIO 3. H2Se
4. CH4 5. NH3 6. HI
7. H2S 8. H2Te 9. HBr

8. EXERCISES
1. PUT THE FORMULA OF THE FOLLOWING HYDRACID ACIDS NAMED IN
SYSTEMATICAL FORM:
1. HYDROGEN SULFIDE
2. HYDROGEN TELURIDE
3. HYDROGEN YODIDE
4. HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
5. HYDROGEN BROMIDE

9. SALTS
SALTS ARE COMPOUNDS WHOSE HYDROGENS OF THEIR ACIDS
HAVE BEEN REPLACED BY METALS. THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF SALTS:
ACID SALTS ---- COME FROM HYDRACIDE ACIDS.
OXIACID SALTS ----- COME FROM OXACID ACIDS.

10. ACID SALTS
ACID SALTS COME FROM HYDRACIDE ACIDS. THEY ARE COMPOUNDS WHOSE
HYDROGENS OF THEIR ACIDS HAVE BEEN REPLACED BY METALS. BUT YOU CAN USE A
TRICK TO FORMULATE WITHOUT USING THE ACID: THE NON-METAL USES ITS NEGATIVE
VALENCE (S -2) AND METAL USES ITS POSITIVE VALENCE ( Fe +2 or +3).
H2S ----- SULF HYDRIC ACID.
Fe2 S2 ----- FeS ----- FERROUS SULFIDE
Fe2 S3 -------------- FERRIC SULFIDE
CLASSICAL NOMENCLATURE: THE NAME OF THE METAL IS FOLLOWED BY THE NAME OF
THE NON-METAL FINISHED IN -IDE, IF METAL HAS ONLY ONE VALENCE
Na2 S------- SODIUM SULFIDE
IF METAL HAS 2 VALENCIES: THE NAME OF METAL FINISHED IN -OUS FOR THE LOWEST
VALENCIA AND IN -IC FOR THE GREATER VALENCIA, IS FOLLOWED BY THE NAME OF THE
NON-METAL FINISHED IN –IDE.

11. ACID SALTS
NOMENCLATURE WITH MULTIPLIER PREFIXES: MONO, DI, TRI, ETC. PREFIXES ARE SET
BEFORE OF THE NON-METAL. TO INDICATE THE NUMBER OF ATOMS OF THE NON-METAL
PRESENT IN THE COMPOUND, ENDING ALWAYS IN -IDE. IT WILL BE FOLLOWED BY THE
(MONO, DI, TRI,ETC.) PREFIXES, INDICATING THE NUMBER OF ATOMS OF THE METAL
PRESENT IN THE COMPOUND.
FeS ----- Iron monosulfide.
Fe2S3 ---- Diiron trisulfide.
NOMENCLATURE WITH ROMAN NUMBERS: THE NAME OF THE METAL IS FOLLOWED,
FOLLOWED BY THE NAME OF THE NON-METAL ENDING IN -IDE, FOLLOWED BY THE
VALENCE WITH WHICH METAL ACTS BETWEEN PARENTHESIS AND IN ROMAN NUMBERS.
FeS ----- Iron sulfide (II).
Fe2S3 --- Iron sulphide (III).

12. EXERCISES
1. NAME DE FOLLOWING ACIDS SALTS IN CLASSIC NOMENCLATURE:
1. Fe2S3 2. PbCl4 3. CCl4 4. FeN
5. Zn Br2 6. Ag I 7. Hg Cl2 8. Al P
9. Pb3 As2 10. Pb S2 11. Sr3N2 12. Fe3N2
13. Mn3P2 14. Co N 15. Ca I2 16. Na Br
17. Ni Cl3 18. Hg F2 19. Pb S 20. Mg3N2
21. Ca3 P2 22. Fe3P2 23. Ag Br 24. Au Cl3

13. EXERCISES
2. FORMULATE THE FOLLOWING ACID SALTS IN CLASSIC NOMENCLATURE:
1. ZINC BROMIDE 2. CADMIUM CHLORIDE
3. COBALTOUS FLUORIDE 4. ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE
5. SILVER YODIDE 6. CALCIUM CHLORIDE
7. POTASSIUM FLUORIDE 8. PLUMBIC SULFIDE
9. NICKEL FLUORIDE 10. CALCIUM NITRIDE

14. EXERCISES
3. NAME WITH SYSTEMATIC NOMENCLATURE OR MULTIPLIER PREFIXES THE
FOLLOWING ACID SALTS :
1. Fe P 2. Pb3 N2 3. Pb S2 4. Ni Cl2
5. Au F3 6. Na I 7. KBr 8. Hg S
4. NAME WITH STOCK NOMENCLATURE OR ROMAN NUMBERS THE
FOLLOWING ACID SALTS:
1. KF 2. Ca Cl2 3. Fe Br3 4. Pb S2
5. Hg Cl2 6. Ag I 7. Ni F3 8. Ca3 N2

15. EXERCISES
5. FORMULATE THE FOLLOWING ACID SALTS:
1. SODIUM CHLORIDE 2. MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE
3. DIPOTASIUM MONOSULFIDE 4. MANGANESE MONOSULFIDE
5. PHOSPHORUS TRICLORIDE 6. PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE
7. IRON TRIFLUORIDE 8. GOLD TRICLORIDE
9. MERCURY MONOSULFIDE 10. TRICALCIUM DIFOSFURIDE

16. EXERCISES
6. FORMULATE THE FOLLOWING ACID SALTS:
1. MAGNESIUM SULFIDE (II) 2. PHOSPHORUS CHLORIDE (III)
3. PHOSPHORUS CHLORIDE (V) 4. IRON ARSENIDE (III)
5. IRON NITRIDE (II) 6. MERCURY CHLORIDE (I)
7. IRON HYDRIDE (III) 8. TIN CHLORIDE (II)
9. IRON FLUORIDE (II) 10. ANTIMONIUM FLUORIDE (V)

17. OXIACID SALTS
OXIACID SALTS COME FROM OXID ACIDS. THEY ARE FORMED BY REPLACING THE
HYDROGENS OF THE CORRESPONDING OXIDE ACID BY ATOMS OF A METAL.
H2SO4 ---- SULFURIC ACID
Fe 2 (SO4) 2 ------- FeSO4 ------------- FERROUS SULFATE
Fe2 (SO4) 3 ------------------------------------------- FERROUS SULPHATE
HClO ------ HYPOCHLOROUS ACID
KClO ----- POTASSIUM HYPOCHLORITE.

18. OXIACID SALTS
TRADITIONAL NOMENCLATURE: FIRST WE PUT THE NAME OF THE METAL ALONE IF ONLY
HAS ONE VALENCE. IF HAS TWO VALENCES THE METAL WOULD FINISH IN -OUS FOR THE
LESS VALENCIA AND IN -IC FOR THE BIGGER VALENCE. AFTER WE PUT THE NAME OF
THE NON-METAL ENDING IN –ATE OR –ITE DEPENDING OF TNE OXACID ACID OF THEY
PROVIDE
- OUS CHANGE - ITO
- IC CHANGE - ATO
PER- AND HYPO-PREFIXES ARE MAINTAINED IF THE NON-METAL HAS 3 OR 4 VALUES.
H2SO4 ----------- Na2SO4 --------------- SODIUM SULFATE
H2CO3 ---------- Fe2 (CO3) 3 ----------- FERROUS CARBONATE
HBrO -----------Ca (BrO)2 ----------- CALCIUM HYPOBROMITE

19. EJERCICIOS
1. FORMULATE THE FOLLOWING OXIACID SALTS:
1. CALCIUM SULFATE 2. SILVER NITRATE
3. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE. 4. CALCIUM CARBONATE
5. POTASSIUM HYPOCHLORITE 6. MAGNESIUM PERCHLORATE
7. CUPRIC SULFATE 8. POTASSIUM NITRATE
9. NITRITE OF ZINC 10. CUPROUS SULFITE
11. MAGNESIUM CARBONATE 12. CUPRIC SULFATE
13. FERROUS SULFATE 14. CALCIUM NITRATE
15. SODIUM CHLORITE 16. ALUMINUM SULFATE

20. EJERCICIOS
1. NAME THE FOLLOWING OXIACID SALTS:
1.Ca (NO2)2 2. KBrO 3. Ag2 CO3
4. Li NO3 5. Ba (NO2)2 6. Al2 (SO4)3
7. Mg CO3 8. Ag NO3 9. Al2 (CO3)3
10. Zn (PO3)2 11. Au IO3 12. Sr (Cl O2)2
13. Fe (IO4)3 14. Ca (NO3)2 15. Fe2(SO4)3